National Firearms Museum (31 photos). Ancient weapons Museum weapons

Gunsmithing is historically the main Tula craft. In honor of this, the coat of arms of the city depicts two crossed blades, a gun barrel and two golden hammers ( "all this shows the notes of a worthy and useful weapons factory located in this city").
That's why main museum the city of Tula - a museum of weapons.
It is located in the Kremlin in the building of the former Epiphany Cathedral:

The museum was founded in 1775 by order of Catherine II. The current exposition has been operating since 1989 and now a new luxurious building is being completed for the museum.


In 1712, Tula became the arms capital of Russia: Peter the Great founded the country's first state-owned arms factory here.
Firearms of the Russian army of the 18th century:




Species names firearms of that time for me the most perfect darkness: fittings, fuzei, blunderbusses, mortars, as well as more understandable guns, carbines and pistols. They were heaps different types and differed for different types of troops and military ranks.
Steel arms:

swords


Ephesus broadsword of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment

Hussar and cavalry sabers and a hunting cleaver.



Foreign flintlock pistols.
The flint-impact mechanism for igniting gunpowder for a shot (this is when a spark that ignites gunpowder is fired with a trigger with silicon) replaced the previously used wick mechanism in the 17th century (it was necessary to first ignite the wick for a shot, which then ignited the gunpowder) and the wheel mechanism (the carving sparks of the wheel, which had to be started with a special key).


corner Patriotic War 1812. In memory of those who died in this war, a cathedral was built, the building of which houses a museum.
In the 19th century, the percussion-flint mechanism was replaced by a percussion cap. The primer (a metal cap with an explosive) ignites from a hammer blow and ignites the powder charge. Since 1845, all weapons for the Russian army were already made with a primer mechanism.


Capsule dueling pistol.
Civil weapons 18-19 centuries:


Flintlock blunderbuss, percussion double-barreled pistols, a five-barreled capsule gun, a road capsule pistol (Barmaley ran with this), bundelrevolvers (upper with a bayonet).


Shotguns
In the middle of the 19th century, the mass use of guns began, loaded not through the muzzle, but with the help of a bolt. Since 1868, the Russian army has been using a single-shot rifle of the Berdan system ("berdanka"). It was replaced in 1891 by the 3-line multi-shot Mosin rifle ("three-line").
The line (this is a measure of length) is equal to 1/10 of an inch, i.e. 3 lines = caliber 7.62 mm. The Mosin rifle of the 1891 model was used in the army until the end of World War II. A long time after it used sports and hunting rifle options.


3-lin. infantry rifle mod. 1891 Factory No. 1
3-lin. infantry rifle mod. 1891 Factory No. 1000000 (1897).
A total of 37 million pieces were produced.


Revolvers replaced muzzle-loading pistols in the army in the 19th century.


Since 1895, a 3-line revolver of the Nagant system has been adopted.
Above is a Belgian sample, which was taken to start production in Tula. Nagan was in service until 1945, after which it was used by the police for some time.
Nagant and three-ruler became the main weapon of the civil war in Russia.


Five-barreled naval gun 1896.
A little exotic


Various basurman weapons


fireworks


Discussion of experts on the features of military conflicts in the pre-Petrine era.


Crossbows, axe, helmet, shield, axe, maces and mace.


fashion hatchet
Eureka! Royal clothes of a gun:



stamp butt


Like the first hall briefly looked at the whole.
We rise to the second floor.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, mass use begins automatic weapons, in which reloading occurs due to the energy received during the shot. In 1883, the American Maxim invented a machine gun, from which all other automatic machine guns originated. From that moment on, the effectiveness of killing each other on the battlefield increases many times over.

Machine guns of World War I.
Hand guns:


On the left, the weapon of every self-respecting gangster is a 1921 Thompson submachine gun.


Foreign automatic multi-shot pistols. They are replacing revolvers in the army, pushing them into the civilian sphere.


The interior is impressive - the entire ceiling is iconographically painted on the theme of labor and defense of the Soviet state.
Weapons designed by Dyagterev:


Manual machine guns mod. 1927 (the main weapon of infantry fire support during the Second World War) and arr. 1944 (RPD). Experienced self-loading rifles.


Submachine gun model 1940 of the Degtyarev system (PPD).


Machine guns Degtyarev.
Weapons designed by Fedorov:

The first domestic machine 1913.


Domestic pistols
Weapons designed by Tokarev:


SVT self-loading rifles and pistol mod. 1930, prototypes.


Tula Tokarev.


aircraft cannons


Foreign weapons of World War II.


german jet anti-tank grenade launcher Pupchen. 1943


fascist weapons - barrels down.
Weapon of victory:


machine guns, mortar, anti-tank rifle.


three-ruler, Shpagin submachine gun 1941. with a drum and sector magazine (PPSh), a submachine gun of the Sudayev system 1943. (PPS). Checkers and daggers.
Tula defenders' personal weapons:


Mauser, TT, Nagant, PPSh, SKT, Korovin submachine gun arr. 1941, checker, knives.


industrial molotov cocktail.


Three-ruler.
Post-war weapons:


Dragunov SVD sniper rifle, RPG-4 anti-tank grenade launcher, RP-46 company machine gun, Simonov SKS-45 self-loading carbines.


There are stands with a mass of sports and hunting weapons, but they somehow did not interest me.
To the right are anti-tank, flamethrower and some other systems.


Grenade launchers.
Tula Museum of Weapons from the authors:


PM

AK


Weapon designed by Afanasiev.


Weapon designed by Korobov.

Weapon designed by Stechkin.


Weapon designed by Makarov.


Weapon designed by Kalashnikov.
At this stand, a group of German tourists stood and listened to the tour right under the wonderful painting above their heads:


to remember.

Special weapons:


Shooting knife, Nikonov AN-94 "Abakan" assault rifle, special pistols, sniper rifle special VSS"Vintorez", special machine AS "Val", underwater machine APS and SPP-1M pistol.
Stand with microscopes:
"... Such masters as the fabulous left-hander, now, of course, are no longer in Tula: machines have equalized the inequality of talents and talents, and genius is not torn in the struggle against diligence and accuracy."
N. S. Leskov, "Lefty", 1881






Mosin rifle, total length 3 mm.


Here it was not possible to remove it entirely: this is the leg of a natural flea with a horseshoe (0.05 by 0.045 mm). There are four horseshoes in total, each with three nails.
This was done by master Nikolai Aldunin from the city of Aleksin in 2002-2003.
That's it!))


glory to the CPSU.

It has always been common for people to kill each other exquisitely and with fiction. Therefore, the weapon used for this, which, with the course of the development of the evolution of mankind, was constantly improved technically, always had to be also aesthetically perfect.
The weapon has its own attraction, as does everything related to death. Any military weapon always beautiful in its own way.

Museum of Weapons in Moscow ( official name- The Central Museum of the Armed Forces) is high-tech and attracts many people. It will be interesting here not only for narrow-profile specialists studying small arms, but also for ordinary citizens who are interested in the history of their country.

Where is the museum located?

The Central Museum of the Armed Forces is a military historical Museum located in the capital of Russia. You can find it at: street Soviet army, building number 2.

Essentially a museum small arms in Moscow is the largest such institution in the world. It is subordinate to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and reflects the entire history of the development of the country's Armed Forces, from the moment of their formation to our time. The branch of this museum is Zhukov's memorial office, which is located in the building of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces.

Back in 1919, the first museum of weapons in Moscow was founded. Today it is located in a chic big building, which was designed by architect Boris Barkhin. At its new location, the historical museum dedicated to the Russian Armed Forces was opened on the eve of the 20th anniversary Great Victory- May 8, 1965.

Briefly about the museum

Combat banners and awards, various documents, old photographs, personal belongings of ordinary soldiers and, of course, small arms different eras- all this can be seen by visiting the capital's museum of weapons. You can see a photo of one of his expositions below.

The general fund of the institution has more than 800 thousand exhibits. The Museum of Weapons in Moscow constantly holds various thematic exhibitions. Moreover, not only at home, but also in other cities and regions of the country. In the museum itself, there are constantly exhibitions, allocated according to the chronological principle:

• "Civil War".
• "Armed Forces of Russia in the period 1921-1941".
• "The Great Patriotic War".
• "Armed Forces in the post-war period".

In addition, in 2008, the new exhibition titled "Caucasus. Five days in August", dedicated to the conflict in South Ossetia.

History of the museum

The idea to create a museum of weapons in Moscow appeared in 1919, when the fighting was still going on. Nevertheless, the first exhibitions were organized this year. In 1922, the museum received its permanent registration - it was an old mansion on Kropotkin Street (nowadays the Pushkin Museum is located there). However, in 1924 it was moved to one of the buildings of the Military Academy, as there was simply not enough space in the mansion to organize expositions.

Museum staff actively worked during the Second World War. In total, they made at least twenty expeditions to the front, during which they collected great amount priceless relics and documentary monuments.

May 8, 1965 is an important date for the institution. On this day, the Museum of the Armed Forces received its new building on Soviet Army Street, where it is located today.

Museum of Weapons in Moscow: Tours

The Central Museum of the Armed Forces is always waiting for its visitors. Its employees will be happy to give you a professional and interesting tour. Visitors will learn all about the history and varieties of small arms.

The museum organizes both general sightseeing tours and thematic ones. The cost of one such excursion for a group of 20 people is 2,500 rubles (for schoolchildren and students) and 3,000 rubles (for adults).

Of course, you can visit the museum without a guide. The cost of an entrance ticket is 150 rubles (for students, schoolchildren and pensioners - half as much). In addition, on some of the days of the year, admission to the museum is absolutely free (May 9, April 18, May 18 and February 23).

After getting acquainted with the history of Russian small arms, you can visit a specific front-line restaurant located here. It can not only taste delicious food but also feel the atmosphere of military life. Well, the kids will really like it on the territory near the museum, where a grand open-air exhibition of military equipment is organized. There are 157 units collected here. Among them are tanks of various modifications, military helicopters, modern rockets, air defense systems and so on.

The weapons museum also has souvenir kiosks where you can buy a small copy of some kind of combat vehicle, military literature and other interesting things as a keepsake.

Banner of Victory

Perhaps the main relic stored in this museum is the one that was hoisted by Soviet soldiers on the roof of the captured Reichstag. Today it is unofficial in the Second World War, and is a red panel measuring 188 by 82 centimeters, which depicts the main symbols Soviet Union- sickle and hammer, as well as a five-pointed star.

The banner on the roof of the German Reichstag was hoisted by three Soviet soldier- Russian Mikhail Egorov, Ukrainian Alexei Berest and Georgians This event took place on May 1, 1945 at 3 o'clock in the morning.

Finally

The Central Museum of the Armed Forces in Moscow is a place where a huge collection of small arms is collected. It will be interesting for both adults and children. In the courtyard of the museum, various Combat vehicles- from tanks and howitzers that were used during the Great Patriotic War - to the latest models of Russian military equipment.

Exhibition "Weapons of the 19th - 20th centuries from the collection of the State Central Museum modern history Russia" was prepared as part of the museum's events dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. The exhibition presents many previously unexhibited unique samples of domestic and foreign long-barreled and short-barreled firearms.

The stock collection of weapons in the museum has been formed for more than 70 years. The time range of the collection in terms of the time the weapons were made is 250 years. The Museum of Modern History of Russia collected primarily those items of weapons that reflected the history of the revolutionary movement and military history our country. That is why most of the museum items refer to the revolutionary events of 1905, 1917, civil war 1918-1922, the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. Each item in the collection is valuable as a witness and participant in historical events.

Flintlock pistols, paired. Albania, 18th century A gift to I.V. Stalin on the 30th anniversary October revolution from the Albanian people.

Double-barreled center-fire pistol of the Remington system, model 1877. Belgium, Liege. Pistols of this system (single-barreled) were tested in Russia for its introduction into service. Trophy of the Red Army during the annexation of Bessarabia to the USSR in 1940.

Caucasian dagger. Gift of M.I. Kalinin from the workers of Dagestan, 1920s

Revolver of the Nagant system, model 1895, soldier. Russia, Tula, Tula arms factory. Belonged to V.M. Panov, a participant in the revolutionary events of 1917. and the Russian Civil War 1918-1920.

Small-caliber sports pistol of the Margolin system in a case. A gift to I.V. Stalin on the occasion of his 70th birthday from the staff of the Tula Arms Plant.

Revolver model Velodog. Belgium. Civilian revolver. Gift of the state and politician, People's Commissar of Heavy Industry of the USSR G.K. Ordzhonikidze to his wife Z.G. Ordzhonikidze.

Revolver model Kobold. Civilian revolver, named after a brownie from Scandinavian folklore. Weapons of participants in the Civil War in Russia 1918-1920 in the Far East.

Three-line rifles

Self-loading pistol TK sample 1926 Korovin systems. Belonged to the Hero of the Soviet Union A.E. Kleshchev, commander of the partisan unit of the Pinsk region of Belarus during the Great Patriotic War.

An invaluable contribution to the military successes of our country was made by famous domestic gunsmiths - designers of firearms, who preserved and increased the heritage of technical thought. G.S. Shpagin, F.V. Tokarev, M.T. Kalashnikov - names known to the whole world.

Carbine, self-loading rifle system F.V. Tokarev

On the battlefields of numerous wars of two recent centuries Russian soldiers won truly historic victories - largely due to the weapons they fought with.

Battalion mortar, 1983 USSR

Mortar company model 1938.

Weapons of the Red Army in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

Air pistol, sports, model Tell (Germany, Venus company, Zella-Mehlis)

Sports and training weapons P.S. Rybalko, Marshal of the Armored Forces.

Information interactive stand where you can get acquainted with weapons, read the history and characteristics. The most convenient thing about the stand is that the view of the next weapon is switched using hand gestures

Automatic system M.T. Kalashnikov, airborne, AKS-47 (Weapon of the Soviet army)

Formation training. Single training. Rifle tricks

Shooting tricks. Ready to shoot. Shot production.

Visitors to the exhibition are given a small bonus in the form of a master class on disassembling and collecting weapons.

The master class is conducted by the senior researcher of the State Center for International Relations, the curator of the collection of weapons - Sheparev Roman Mikhailovich

The exhibition can be visited with museum tickets.

The museum is open:

Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday from 10.00 to 18.00, ticket office until 17.30
Thursday from 12.00 to 21.00, ticket office until 20.30
Saturday, Sunday from 11.00 to 19.00, ticket office until 18.30
Monday is a day off.
Ticket price
Full ticket: 250 rubles. Reduced ticket: 100 rubles. (for pupils, students of higher education institutions of the Russian Federation, pensioners).

The museum and especially the exhibition will be of interest to boys and men

A selection of photographs from The National Firearms Museum, which is located at the NRA headquarters in Virginia.
The museum is very large - 14 galleries with 85 stands, two thousand odd trunks.

Admission to the museum is free, but donations from individuals are naturally welcome, as are other American museums. Donation container - an eight-inch projectile for an experimental automatic weapon, which the corps marines experienced in the 60s.

Italian wheellock carbine, .66 cal. This gun once belonged to a certain John Alden, and with him in 1620 crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower ship.

Pistols


If anyone does not know, due to the single-shot nature of the pistols, a thick plaque was made at the end of the handle, designed to heroically break the skulls of enemies with an unloaded weapon

American Revolutionary War Cannon


This is one of the guns that Lewis and Clark took on their famous expedition. Unusually here is that it is ... air. Specifically, the 22-round Girandoni Air Rifle. Sold with 3 bottles. compressed air, each cylinder held 800 psi (5.5 MPa), it was enough for 70 shots, and 1500 pump strokes were required to fully fill. At 15 meters, the rifle could place ten rounds in a circle in a coin-sized group. Owners of muroks - madly, lovingly envy :)


This shushpangever blew my mind. 12-shot gun with flint lock. Ammunition - alternating 12 bullets and 12 main charges in the gun barrel, outside there are 12 seed holes covered with valves. With each shot, the castle could be moved one step back


closer view


Gatlings, nya! Again, if someone is not in the know, these are the prototypes of modern machine guns. One fighter shoves packs of cartridges into the bunker, where they are fed into the barrel under the influence of their own weight.

The second fighter is trying to direct the prodigy with the help of cunning handles, natural instincts, and such and such a mother.


The third fighter twists the crank which causes the gatling to do "waste".


Well, the fourth is looking after these three intellectuals.

Liked the revolver


Mountain of weapons #1

Mountain of weapons #2

Mountain of weapons #3


A separate section of the museum is dedicated to weapons from films. It's got everything from the silenced shotgun from No Country for Old Men

Before Star Wars blasters


And even a sword from there, although it doesn’t seem to fit the theme of the museum at all

In Moscow, there are many museums dedicated to armed conflicts, military affairs, great battles, victims and hardships of war. Each of them has a huge collection of weapons, equipment, and some of them even have tanks and other armored vehicles at the entrance.

How is the Museum of Weapons, which is located in, different from others?

This is the first fully interactive Museum of Weapons in Moscow, in which the exhibits do not lie under glass, obscured by signs “Do not touch with your hands!”.

Here, no one will scold you for trying to take aim at the sight sniper rifle Mosin or for the desire to try on the helmets and uniforms exhibited as exhibits.

Do you want to find out which submachine gun of the Great Patriotic War was better and more convenient - the legendary PPSh, the no less legendary PPS, Thompson M1928A1, STEN Mk.II, or maybe the German MP-40? Or perhaps you want to feel the hardships service in a modern detachment special purpose? At your disposal - modern facilities personal protection and weapons currently used by elite units!

Have you ever wondered how time consuming the process of loading a machine gun belt is? And in the field? Here you can find out how convenient Rakov’s machine is and try to equip machine gun belt by ourselves.

It is in this Museum that you can use a wired field telephone to communicate with your comrades and find out how tankers talk to each other, despite the deafening noise of armored vehicles.

The guides of the interactive Museum of Weapons are always happy not only to give you an interesting tour, but also to help you arrange a full-fledged photo shoot with trying on any exhibits that are in the Museum.

The museum exposition contains more than 30 samples of small arms and grenade launchers, as well as more than 100 other exhibits made in the USSR, Russia, Great Britain, Germany, USA, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Hungary, Finland and Czechoslovakia.

In addition to the tour, visitors can also take a master class on assembling and disassembling weapons displayed in the Museum. 2 master classes are waiting for you: - "Weapons of the Great Patriotic War", the program of which includes training in assembling and disassembling the Mosin sniper rifle, the Shpagin submachine gun, the Sudayev submachine gun and the Nagan revolver; – “Russian Weapons”, during which you will be taught how to disassemble and assemble the AK-74, the Vityaz submachine gun and the Makarov pistol.

But this does not mean that the list of what you can parse ends here. With most of the exhibits of the Museum of Weapons, you can also make an incomplete assembly and disassembly.

The Museum of Weapons, even without an excursion, will delight both children and their parents, and you may not notice how you spend several hours in it! Don't miss your chance to make your childhood dreams come true!

Every Wednesday, our museum hosts "Weapon Days"!

There are 3 guided tours per day dedicated to the weapons of the day.

Tour times:

• Excursion №1 11:00 - 13:00
• Excursion №2 14:00 - 16:00
• Excursion №3 17:00 - 19:00

Price:

• Entrance ticket - 300 rubles. (per person)
• Ticket with a guided tour - 500 rubles. (per person)
• Master class on assembling and disassembling weapons - 200 rubles. (per person) (600 rubles for a group of 3 people)

Children under 6 years old, the disabled, and combat veterans (upon presentation of a certificate) have the right not to pay for an entrance ticket.

Students, cadets, large families, military personnel and workers law enforcement a discount of 100 rubles.

How to get there:

The museum is located in the Izmailovsky Kremlin, a 5-minute walk from Partizanskaya metro station.