Problems of outsourcing in the armed forces. The use of outsourcing in the armed forces of the Russian Federation

Colonel V. Pechorsky

In the United States, outsourcing is understood as the use of third-party organizations on a competitive basis to perform non-core (auxiliary) functions of the military department by concluding an appropriate long-term contract. Third parties can be both government organizations and (mostly) private companies.

In the US military, outsourcing is used for both day-to-day and combat operations. In accordance with American law, the military department is obliged to optimally (in terms of cost and quality of work) organize the performance of auxiliary functions, using the capabilities of commercial specialized enterprises as an alternative.

According to many years of observations, the Pentagon is the main federal body of the United States, which attracts large-scale third-party private organizations to ensure its livelihoods and solve other problems. The most demanded functions, which in the US Armed Forces are traditionally transferred to contractor companies for execution, are: logistics; maintenance of infrastructure facilities, deployment points and maintenance of territories; maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment; provision of household and financial services; performance of repair and construction works.

According to Pentagon experts, outsourcing allows you to provide:

The required quality with a significant reduction in costs by attracting narrow specialists with significant experience in a particular field;

High combat readiness and combat readiness of the troops due to the focus on solving the main tasks;

Introduction of modern technologies;

High level of flexibility and efficiency in decision-making;

Savings due to the exclusion of time and financial costs for raising the professional level and improving the qualifications of personnel, organizing jobs, providing insurance and bonus payments;

Freeing up time and resources of the leadership of the Armed Forces of all categories for the performance of their main official duties;

The ability to choose the most optimal options for using contractors due to competition in the market of potential contractors, their adaptation to customer requirements and the interest in maintaining interaction on a long-term basis;

Financial and legal guarantees of compensation by external organizations for possible damage.

The main disadvantages of outsourcing include:

The risk of loss (including irreversible) by the personnel of the US armed forces of the unique knowledge and experience necessary for solving a number of specific tasks, such as repair, preparation for operation and maintenance of modern types of weapons and military equipment, conducting reconnaissance, evaluating and processing the information received, training personnel in applied disciplines as instructors;

The possibility of significant underestimation of basic overhead costs when deciding on the transfer of functions to an external organization;

Difficulty in monitoring the progress of large-scale work, which leads to the risk of poor quality performance;

Limited leverage of control over the performers;

Lack of continuity when changing the contractor company.

After the start of military operations by the US Armed Forces and allies in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as during the subsequent stabilization of the situation and post-conflict settlement in these countries, the involvement of personnel of private military companies (PMCs) in performing tasks in the interests of military contingents of American troops acquired an unprecedented scale. Currently, about 138,000 representatives of various PMCs operate in Afghanistan and Iraq under a contract with the Pentagon (only 42,900 of them are US citizens).

The strengths of outsourcing when using private military companies during operations for stabilization of the situation and post-conflict settlement in forward zones in the Pentagon are: material resources PMCs to be transferred abroad and perform the functions assigned to them;

Absence of a rigid, statutory period of stay of personnel of private companies in forward zones or areas;
- no need for additional special training for PMC employees, since they are usually highly qualified specialists with experience in law enforcement agencies or service in "hot spots";

The widespread involvement of contractor companies, which allows the Pentagon to reduce the number of US troops in forward zones and combat areas and, as a result, reduce the cost of their maintenance and rotation, as well as significantly reduce the combat load on personnel and free them from performing unusual military personnel functions.

The main disadvantages of attracting private military companies include:

The complete absence of the factor of ideological (ideological) motivation of personnel;

- "excessive independence" in the actions and decisions of representatives of private companies, expressed in the unlawful or disproportionate use of force against the local population, ignoring the requirements and rules established by the command of the contingent, violation of discipline, etc.;

Absence effective control behind the activities of PMCs, contributing to an increase in cases of corruption and financial fraud.

Despite the ongoing practice of widespread use of outsourcing in the US Armed Forces, the Pentagon leadership has taken a number of measures in recent years aimed at reducing departmental dependence on third-party companies. In April 2009, US Secretary of Defense R. Gates announced his decision to open 13,000 new positions for civilian personnel in fiscal year 2010 in order to transfer to him the functions traditionally performed by representatives of commercial structures. By fiscal year 2015, the total number of such posts is expected to increase to 30,000.

In September 2011, the Pentagon notified the National Congress that during 2010 fiscal year 16,782 positions of civil servants were opened to replace the personnel of external organizations (42 percent of new positions in the ground forces, 28 percent in the Air Force, 16 percent in the Navy and 14 percent in the bodies of central subordination of the Ministry of Defense). These changes were carried out mainly (more than half of the cases) for reasons of budgetary savings.

The leadership of the US Department of Defense and federal regulatory authorities recognizes that at the moment it is not possible to fully objectively evaluate the results of the steps taken, since the financial, social and personnel consequences may only appear after a considerable period of time.

FEATURES OF THE USE OF OUTSOURCING BY MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS*

, Applicant of the Moscow Border Institute

Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation,

lieutenant colonel of justice , *****@***ru

annotation: The article notes an increase in the volume and forms of outsourcing in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as the results of its use by military organizations. It is concluded that in the federal executive authorities, in which the federal law provides for military service, outsourcing is implemented by placing appropriate orders for the performance of work (rendering of services).

Keywords Keywords: outsourcing, government contract, external performers, competition, order placement, military organization.

Abstract: In the article the increase of volumes and forms of application of autsorsing registers in Army Forces of Russian Federation, and also results of its application. Taken the conclusion that in the federal organs of executive power with military service, autsorsing will be realized by placing the orders on implementation of works (providing of services).

keywords: autsorsing, state contract, external performers, competition, placing the order, military organization.

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Every year, the volumes and forms of outsourcing by military organizations are increasing. According to the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Serdyukov, in 2012 the economic functions of the army will be completely transferred to civilian organizations.

Currently, the most common form of outsourcing in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the transfer by military units to third parties of the following functions: catering for personnel; bath and laundry service; storage and refreshment of inventories; implementation of intra-garrison transportation of military cargo and military personnel; refueling of military equipment with fuel; loading and unloading operations; bakery; commercial and consumer services; dry cleaning and repair of uniforms and footwear; operation of buildings and structures; maintenance and cleaning of the territory and office premises; garbage removal ; protection of individual objects of the military unit; organization of subscriptions to periodicals, delivery of periodicals and postal items. According to some experts, in 2011 the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation saved 600 million rubles due to the reduction of baths and laundries.

Outsourcing "came" to the army from business. The term " outsourcing" derived from English words"outside resource using" - "use of external resources". In international business practice, this term defines a sequence of organizational decisions, the essence of which is the transfer of some functions or activities previously independently implemented by the organization to an external organization or, as they say, a “third party”.

Until the beginning of the 90s. 20th century the word outsourcing was not in any language of the world. However, positive results The use of outsourcing in practice has increased its popularity and widespread use in business, and the term "outsourcing" has become used in contractual relations and mentioned in scientific literature. The use of outsourcing has made it possible to significantly increase the economic performance of both organizations (economic entities) and individual regions and countries.

In addition, outsourcing began to be used not only in the private sector, but also in public administration, which made it possible to achieve certain positive effects of its use in executive authorities. However, the process of using outsourcing by executive authorities has not been sufficiently studied, and the term "outsourcing" is not legally fixed.

One of the first regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, which reveals the concept of outsourcing, is the Concept administrative reform in the Russian Federation in years (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 01.01.01), according to which one of the components of optimizing the functions of executive authorities is the development and provision wide application outsourcing - a mechanism for removing certain types of activities beyond the powers of executive authorities by concluding contracts with external contractors on a competitive basis.

L. Demidova, considering outsourcing in the field of reforming the public sector, characterizes it as an organizational and economic model that involves the transfer of certain types of activities state organization on the side where they are performed more efficiently due to the advantages of specialization, the use of the latest technology and qualified personnel.

At the same time, considering outsourcing in the context of methods and technologies for improving the activities of public authorities, he notes that outsourcing is a way to optimize the functioning of public authorities by concentrating activities in the main direction and transferring non-core work to external specialized organizations on a contractual basis.

In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and federal executive bodies, in which military service is provided for by federal law, outsourcing has not become something essentially new. However, in the process of making a decision on the issue of introducing (expanding the degree of use) of outsourcing in organizing the logistics of troops (forces), it is imperative to take into account a whole range of military-political and economic factors that determine real reasons, conditions and trends in the use of contracting practices.

Theoretically, the use of outsourcing can have great importance to increase the combat readiness of units and effective use budgetary funds, however, the use of outsourcers is not a panacea in providing guarantees of savings in the military budget.

The use of outsourcing by military organizations provides an opportunity, without being distracted by auxiliary functions, to concentrate on the main ones, such as maintaining the required level of combat readiness and combat capability of a military unit, increasing the combat training of military personnel, etc., and, in addition, significantly reduce the cost of implementing economic, supporting tasks and improve the quality of services received.

The results of the use of outsourcing by military organizations can be viewed from various perspectives, but the most important are organizational, social and economic.

In the organizational aspect, the use of outsourcing allows military organizations to release military personnel from performing functions not related to service and combat training, as well as eliminate most of the duplicating functions and thereby create the necessary conditions to improve the manageability and increase the stability of the logistics system of the troops.

From a social point of view, the use of outsourcing by military organizations, coupled with the transition to a new system of monetary allowance for military personnel in accordance with the Federal Law of November 7, 2011 "On the monetary allowance of military personnel and the provision of certain payments to them", contributes to an increase in prestige military service, since military personnel will not be involved in the performance of household functions, such as cleaning rooms and territories, cooking, etc., but will improve their military skills.

In addition, the needs of the military unit for certain services will give impetus to the development of business in its location, the creation of new jobs and an increase in the business activity of entrepreneurs.

Unlike business, the economic aspect of the use of outsourcing by military organizations is not the main one, but nevertheless it is also important. It allows you to optimize the costs of the military unit for the organization of logistics, share (or partially transfer) risks to a third-party organization economic activity, attract outsourcers who will use specialized equipment that the military unit does not have, as well as increase competition in the market for this type of service, thereby making it possible to obtain higher quality services at a lower price.

It should be noted that the economic effect of the use of outsourcing by military organizations can vary, and it is difficult to calculate it for any specific period of time (year, quarter, month, or the duration of a government contract), as this is a laborious process that requires a comprehensive cost estimate, related to the maintenance of a staff unit and the price of a government contract.

In military organizations, outsourcing is implemented by placing a state order for the performance of work (provision of services) for federal state needs. In this regard, in order to place an appropriate order, it is necessary to determine the types of activities that should be outsourced, include these types of activities in the public procurement plan and, after adjusting the appropriate limits, carry out as provided for by the Federal Law of 01.01.01 No. orders for the supply of goods, performance of work, provision of services for state and municipal needs” (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Placement of Orders) actions to place a state order.

The procedure for placing an order for outsourcing in military organizations will have a number of features that are proposed to be considered in more detail.

Based on requirements federal law dated May 8, 2010 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Improvement legal status state (municipal) institutions" military organizations are instructed to create federal state institutions, changing the type of federal public institutions operating on the day of the official publication of this law, therefore, be fully funded from the federal budget and place orders within the allocated limits of funds. In this regard, it is very important to correctly calculate the need for cash that will be planned for the needs of the military unit for the purchase of services that are planned to be outsourced.

A very important component of placing an order for outsourcing will be the choice of a procurement method. Currently, orders are placed both by bidding in the form of a competition, auction, including an auction in electronic form, and without bidding (Article 10 of the Law on Placement of Orders). The most optimal form of placing an order for outsourcing, in our opinion, is a competition.

4. outsourcing agreement in civil law: Abstract. dis. … cand. legal Sciences. M., 2009.

5. , Koryakin V. M. Outsourcing in a military way: some issues of responsibility of the parties to the contract for the provision of services, performance of work // Law in the Armed Forces. 2010. No. 10.

6. , Outsourcing: history, methodology, practice: Monograph. M.: INFRA-M, 2012.

7. , Baburin D. E. Outsourcing for the needs of the army: overseas experience and application in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation // Law in the Armed Forces. 2011. No. 12.

* Reviewer - Doctor of Law.

, Koryakin V. M. Outsourcing in a military way: some issues of responsibility of the parties to the contract for the provision of services, performance of work // Law in the Armed Forces. 2010. No. 10.

, Rudaya I. L. Outsourcing and outstaffing: high technology management: Proc. allowance. 2nd ed., revised. and additional M.: INFRA-M, 2011. S. 7.

, Outsourcing: history, methodology, practice: Monograph. M.: INFRA-M, 2012. S. 5.

Demidova L. Public Sector Reforms in the West // World economy and international relations. 2001. No. 11. P. 31.

Vasilenko L. A. Outsourcing is an innovative HR technology public service. M.: Nauka, 2007. S. 29.

, Plotnikov V. A. Decree. op. S. 67

, Baburin D. E. Outsourcing for the needs of the army: foreign experience and application in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation // Law in the Armed Forces. 2011. No. 12. P. 90.

Yeshchenko I. A. Outsourcing contract in civil law: Abstract of the thesis. dis. … cand. legal Sciences. M., 2009. S. 4.

For more information on how to enforce a government contract, see: Sorokin A. V. Ways to ensure the execution of the state (municipal) contract, used when placing orders for the supply of goods, performance of work, provision of services for state and municipal needs // Modern law. 2011. No. S. 36.

For more information about placing orders in the event that the competition is declared invalid, see: Sorokin A.V. Placement of orders for the supply of goods, performance of work, provision of services for state and municipal needs in cases where the tender is declared invalid // Modern Law. 2010. No. 12(1). S. 54.

The main positive aspect of outsourcing - solving problems with the involvement of third-party organizations - in the army is the release of soldiers and officers from functions that are unusual for them: cleaning the territory, washing, cooking. With all these soldier's duties, according to the idea of ​​​​military reform Dmitry Medvedev and Anatoly Serdyukov, launched in 2009, should now be handled by civilian companies and firms. In light of these transformations, many human rights organizations consider the four years of the Serdyukov-Medvedev reform to be the most radical change in the army for the past twenty years. However, after the resignation of Serdyukov from the post of Minister of Defense and the scandal around Oboronservis, the question arose about future fate military reform (it is noteworthy that its part relating to outsourcing in the Armed Forces is considered one of the main achievements of the former leadership of the department).

The main reason for the introduction of military outsourcing in Russia, according to experts, was the transition to an annual service, the short duration of which does not allow one to be distracted from training and combat training. “During the service, a soldier must not only be taught which levers to pull, but also instill in him the skill of automatic work, because in combat conditions during shooting, a clear knowledge of which buttons to press should be brought to automatism,” the military expert explained, executive editor of the newspaper "Independent military review" Victor Litovkin. “And so, in order not to disrupt the soldiers from their studies to the kitchen, they introduced outsourcing, otherwise the army will not have time to train even machine gunners or submachine gunners.” Thus, outsourcing is supposed to make the army more professional. However, as Litovkin admitted, this is just a means of providing for the Armed Forces, and how outsourcing is carried out on the ground is a separate issue. “Unfortunately, everything is not going smoothly in this area,” the military expert stated.

Agreed with a colleague and the coordinator of the public organization "Citizen and Army" Sergey Krivenko. In his opinion, it is necessary to distinguish between the very idea of ​​outsourcing with its global experience and positive aspects and the process of its implementation in our country. As proof of the correctness of this approach, Krivenko cited a number of arguments: there are examples of excellent work and high efficiency of the military outsourcing system in some stationary military units. However, there are many examples of the opposite: when the company "Slavyanka" (according to rumors, related to the ex-Minister of Defense Anatoly Serdyukov), "enveloping the whole country with its networks", treated its duties of providing food in bad faith - to the point that as homeless people hired cooks. “Another problem: civilian specialists often do not go to the training grounds, and the fighters have to organize their own life and food,” Sergey Krivenko listed. - A separate topic: how military outsourcing can work in combat conditions. And in peacetime, this system as such seems to be very useful. However, according to him, in order for Russia to try to be equal to Western models, from where outsourcing in the armed forces came to us, it is necessary to study history and understand the difference.

In the West, the armed forces began to transfer to an outsourcing system in the 1990s - in connection with the end cold war, the reduction of military budgets, the deterioration of the demographic situation and, as a result, the limitation of human and technical resources. The pioneers here were the Anglo-Saxons (primarily the British) - countries where the private sector has traditionally been the locomotive of the economy, and the massive transition of other European countries and some African states to this system took place already at the end of the 2000s and affected the areas of logistics, training of specialists, providing communications and quartering troops. It must be said that two main tasks of Western-style military outsourcing were initially declared: the most adequate use of limited technical, human and temporary resources, as well as the attraction of private capital for the implementation of large and complex projects. Over time, both began to become reality on the basis of full transparency of the competition between firms claiming to provide the armed forces, and a clear division of risks (the state bears political risks, the contractor bears all the rest, mainly commercial). Nevertheless, there are still no obvious results of the reform even in her homeland - in the UK: the British released only one study of the effectiveness of private and public partnerships in the defense field, and that in 2005.

It is noteworthy that in the West, either large financial structures, or leading companies producing military equipment, or giant firms with world-famous names in their field of activity, initially act as a state partner, contractor. In Russia, this scheme is yet to be implemented. As the captain of the second rank in the reserve, a member of the International Union of Journalists Maxim Shepovalenko, abroad, private capital of “genuinely third-party organizations” is involved in solving problems. “In Russia, there is another pocket of the same jacket: in fact, the Ministry of Defense is both a customer and a contractor represented by different companies,” the expert said. “In general, outsourcing to the army has fallen like snow on our heads.”

With great optimism, the chairman of the Union of Committees of Soldiers' Mothers of Russia looks at the military reform that has begun Valentina Melnikova, which finds the results of the gradual transition of the army to an outsourcing system mostly positive against the backdrop of what is happening in the army in the 1990s. “The mess that we faced in the early 1990s, the current conscripts and officers cannot even dream of. Now complaints about hunger, poor nutrition, lack of material support have become much less, - Melnikova emphasized. “And military prosecutors certainly remember those times when soldiers killed each other for food: such cases happened twice a year.” Nevertheless, the current army supply system, despite the fact that it has outlived starvation, is still very far from perfect. One of its main shortcomings, according to experts, is the fact that absolutely all military spending is classified; for all items of expenditure, the Ministry of Defense reports only to the Accounts Chamber. “If we, citizens, cannot reasonably control what happens to the budget money allocated by the state for our officers and soldiers, what can we talk about?” asks Valentina Melnikova. She believes that well-organized military outsourcing is useful as a new service system, since, in view of the involvement of civilian firms, it should be more transparent and controlled. Thus, public control over the spending of part of the budget funds will ensure the openness of the competition between outsourcing companies, as well as the openness of the mechanism of their work. “Besides, our country still has a professional army ahead of us,” Melnikova said. - In such circumstances, the military, all the more, will have to deal only with their own professional activity rather than sitting in the kitchen or cleaning up the area.”

Human rights activist, chairman of the public organization "Soldiers' Mothers of St. Petersburg" Ella Polyakova called for reform Russian army more carefully. “Yes, some elementary concern for a person has appeared, but it is organized very crookedly,” she stressed. As examples, the expert cited the infamous new form from famous fashion designer Valentina Yudashkina, scolding her for her inconvenience and coldness, which is why among the soldiers an increase in the percentage of colds was recorded, and the reorganization of military hospitals. “It is important for society to monitor the adoption of such reforms, otherwise what we have now will turn out,” Polyakova is convinced.

Recall that claims to Valentin Yudashkin for the developed by him military uniform recently expressed by the leader of the DLPR Vladimir Zhirinovsky. According to the politician, the Ministry of Defense decided to abandon this form, the creation of which was spent 170 million rubles. He also added that as a result, the outfit turned out to be cold and uncomfortable. “Money is spent. There must be responsibility, there must be an agreement with the author of such works. Well, here he walks, smiles, and we lose money, ”said Zhirinovsky. In turn, the answer of the offended fashion designer to the politician added doubts about the expediency and legitimacy of the extraordinary closeness of military spending and the army supply system as a whole. Valentin Yudashkin disowned the uniform worn by Russian soldiers and published in his microblog a photo of the uniform designed by him. “The currently supplied field uniform (winter field suit and summer field suit) has nothing in common either in design or technology with the samples developed by our company and approved by the Minister of Defense and the Supreme Commander-in-Chief,” Valentin Yudashkin LLC said in a statement. . - We are surprised by the fact that no one has asked fair questions to date - who supplies the uniform for planned supply to the Armed Forces, where is it produced, what fabrics and materials are used to produce it? When answers to these questions are received, it will become clear to everyone what the Valentin Yudashkin company has to do with the uniform that is worn in the army today.

“The Ministry of Defense is a monopolist that does not want to share money with anyone,” Viktor Litovkin summed up, thus naming the main feature of military outsourcing in Russia.

How the outsourcing system takes root in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, in harsh and relatively deserted spaces Kola Peninsula? Are you capable of civil enterprises together with a group of divisions of an anti-aircraft missile regiment, go out, for example, for live firing - several hours on the impassability of the Kola Peninsula and by sea - to the island of Kildin? Space Defense) for Logistics by Lieutenant Colonel Bakhtiyor Babadzhanov.

Bakhtiyor Tashpulatovich, how successful is the radio engineering regiment of the new look in the Arctic with everything you need?
- Today, the main difficulty is that the duties of the deputy regiment commander for logistics include several previous job areas. Therefore, I and a small team of subordinates (five officers and ten civilian specialists) have to simultaneously supply units with everything - equipment, weapons, ammunition, food, fuel - over a wide geographical area. More than fifteen divisions of the regiment are scattered throughout the Kola Peninsula, and we use various supply schemes with reference to certain conditions and the nearest warehouses. There are features. For example, all clothing and technical support in full, centrally goes directly through me (weapons, factory maintenance of equipment). Food supply is organized according to regional principle. All units south of Monchegorsk are provided through Northern Fleet, that is, through the Murmansk warehouses and the Olenegorsk garrison. Western direction we provide through Zaozersky warehouses and Vidyaevo. The northern side of the Kola Peninsula is a separate direction. Kashkarans, Gremikha and Dalniye Zelentsy are provided with everything necessary according to the navigational principle - we get a year and a half food supply for three divisions of the regiment in the Northern Fleet and import it by sea. There are points on the Kola Peninsula where outsourcing has not yet reached, because only by sea or by helicopter can you fly (if the weather permits), and the nearest locality- a hundred kilometers away.

Taking into account the remoteness, certain problems arose during the transition to outsourcing.
difficulties. Our boiler rooms and canteens are scattered over a vast territory, and not everywhere there is locals that could work within the new system. The positions of military cooks and stokers have been reduced, but canteens and boiler rooms cannot be left unattended. Therefore, in some places it was necessary to take soldiers from the combat crew and make them freelance cooks and stokers.
- In what percentage of the logistics of the regiment is transferred today to outsourcing?
- Logistics is multifaceted, and it is difficult to convey the situation as a percentage. Moreover, the regiment switched to the new system relatively recently - in December 2011. In the south of the Kola Peninsula (Monchegorsk, Kovdor), outsourcing is being introduced better. A certain positive experience has been accumulated in the provision of heating and food. Cleaning of territories also takes root. On the north side, there are more problems. And even in relatively large garrisons, third-party firms started cleaning territories and premises only in April. The case is new, roughness is inevitable. At the same time, we have objects that we cannot allow civilians. You know, a licensed janitor is a problem. Thus, regimental cleaning is outsourced by about 60 percent.
For food, we switched to outsourcing in eleven out of sixteen divisions.
At three points: Khanlauta, Gremikha, Kashkarans, there are no food changes yet. And where outsourcing already dominates, unfortunately, the menu layout from St. Petersburg does not always correspond to the range of products in stock.
Heating has been transferred almost completely, with the exception of two remote objects on Hanlaut and Gremikha. There is a protocol and technological problem with the supply of heating oil to the village of Kilp-Yavr. The troops left, but the people remained.
There are no problems with fuel for vehicles. True, our volumes do not arouse interest among merchants. But the Northern Fleet never fails.
Most of the subdivisions are provided with electricity through industrial networks, and only in three remote points do we work from our own diesel generators. Unfortunately, we have not received emergency power supplies and new diesel generators for about 18 years. We are reworking the decommissioned generators of combat stations. We strive to maintain a satisfactory technical condition what we have. At the same time, I should note the improvement in the work of representatives of the manufacturers of our equipment in the subdivisions.
- How does the system of delivery of material and technical property work?
- The transport theme is subtle. We do not have special vehicles, only six units of cars are left to manage, and each has a limit of 1,500 km. The Northern Fleet and the center supply battalion help out. We use the sea, but I should note that if the administration of the Murmansk region stops supporting the only passenger line in the Barents Sea with subsidies, the route to Gremikha of the ice-class ship Klavdiya Elanskaya (the entire route: Murmansk - Yokanga), then we will not be able to provide coastal units even with food. And the families of military personnel will not be able to go on vacation mainland. There is such a danger, because the route is economically unprofitable.
- Bakhtiyor Tashpulatovich, in 1990 you graduated from the Gorky Higher Military School of Logistics and have been serving in the North for 19 years. Obviously, professionalism and experience allow you to maintain the current balance of regimental outsourcing?
- In general, the balance is positive. Firstly, conscripted servicemen are not involved in economic work, this is very good for combat training. Secondly, when materially interested civilian specialists work, the quality increases. And the reaction of third-party organizations to all our comments, as a rule, follows immediately. Firms value their reputation in this new area and for them, they work stably. I hope that in the future the positive balance of outsourcing in the regiment will become even higher.

OUTSOURCING (from the English outsourcing: (outer-source-using) the use of an external source / resource) is the transfer by an organization, on the basis of a contract, of certain business processes or production functions to be serviced by another company specializing in the relevant field. Unlike service and support services that are one-time, episodic, random and limited by the beginning and end, outsourcing usually transfers functions for professional support of the uninterrupted operation of individual systems and infrastructure on the basis of a long-term contract (at least 1 year). Having a business process is hallmark outsourcing from various other forms of service delivery and subscription services.

The main source of cost savings through outsourcing is an increase in the efficiency of the enterprise as a whole and the emergence of the opportunity to free up the relevant organizational, financial and human resources in order to develop new areas, or concentrate efforts on existing ones that require increased attention.

According to experts from the Outsourcing Institute (USA), business process outsourcing is a dynamically developing type of business optimization, with the greatest growth observed in the field of finance and accounting. Statistics collected in 1997 by the American Management Association showed that even then 20% of the 600 firms surveyed outsourced at least some of the financial and accounting operations, and 80% - part of the administrative functions.

The motivation of the leadership of the Ministry of Defense: instead of washing floors and peeling potatoes, subordinates got the opportunity to do military affairs more time. The question is being considered that civilian structures also take over the protection of military camps and facilities.
So, according to the new daily routine, after lunch, the so-called "admiral's hour" was introduced - the soldiers rest.

LIMITATIONS

When using outsourcing in Russia, the following disadvantages were manifested:
- the level of professionalism of the employees of the outsourcing company - outsourcer (both the contractor and his manager) may be insufficient to perform work or provide services at the proper level,
- lack of control levers, which can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of processes and an increase in maintenance costs,
- the presence of risks of violation of the safety of property, security and leakage of information of a CONFIDENTIAL nature, as a result of providing unregulated access to documents, data and material assets of the enterprise.
- an increase in the time for solving problems in emergency situations, associated with an extra transmission link and coordination (especially manifested in telecommunications).
- AND THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS COMBAT ACTIONS!

04/22/2011. Prosecutors are investigating the circumstances of the poisoning of more than 100 students of the Ural Institute of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Nutrition educational institution provided by a third-party organization that won the tender contract.

In spite of positive changes after the introduction of the outsourcing system, the military prosecutor's office of the garrison recently uncovered significant shortcomings. Speech about the conference held in August together with colleagues from Rospotrebnadzor Yaroslavl region verification of obligations by contractors of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the structural unit of the 1586th district military hospital. As a result of supervisory activities involving the entire prosecutorial staff and specialists, significant violations of the requirements of the legislation on sanitary and epidemiological well-being, as well as legislation aimed at protecting the life and health of military personnel, were revealed. Under an agreement with OJSC Voentorg, catering services for inpatients treated there were provided by Service-K LLC.
The audit showed that the storage, processing and preparation of food products in the structural unit of the Federal State Institution “1586 OVKG MVO” stationed in Yaroslavl were organized and carried out with gross violations of sanitary and epidemiological standards, both through the fault of the employees of the involved commercial organization and officials hospital. As a result, after eating food prepared in inappropriate conditions, on August 10 of this year. there was a mass illness of military personnel with an acute intestinal infection. At the request of the military prosecutor's office of the Yaroslavl garrison, the supply of food prepared at the catering unit to patients in the hospital was suspended, and it was closed until the identified violations were eliminated. During the audit, three administrative proceedings were initiated against Service-K LLC. The head of the Yaroslavl garrison was submitted by the military prosecutor's office accordingly. It is required to take comprehensive measures to control the quality of nutrition. A number of other measures have been taken, incl. according to the jurisdiction, materials were transferred to resolve the issue of initiating a criminal case against the head of production of Service-K LLC. The case has been opened. There is an investigation. (DECEMBER 1, 2011. "RED STAR". Retired Colonel of Justice Sergey USTINOV.
Oleg POCHINYUK)

01/17/12 Mass poisoning occurred in a military unit near St. Petersburg

In turn, the organization "Soldiers' Mothers of St. Petersburg" claims that many people are in the barracks with diarrhea, vomiting and high temperature. At the same time, according to the organization, the soldiers were not provided with proper medical care in a timely manner. RIA Novosti 11:42

The military prosecutor's office of the Western Military District completed an inspection of compliance with sanitary and epidemiological standards when catering for military personnel in the village of Kamenka, Vyborg District, Leningrad Region

An inspection by the military prosecutor's office of the Western Military District, together with specialists from sanitary and epidemiological supervision, found that when catering for military personnel in military unit 02511, employees of LenProdTorg LLC violated the cooking technology, and also used low-quality and unsafe products and culinary products.

As a result, seventeen servicemen felt unwell after eating in the soldiers' canteen and sought medical help.

The command of the brigade, as it turned out, did not properly control the work of the merchants.

The military prosecutors, acting heads of the food and medical services of the unit, issued warnings about the inadmissibility of violating the law, and cases of administrative offenses were initiated against the head of the canteen and the head of LenProdTorg LLC under Article 6.6 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements during catering).

Outsourcing is well known to all businessmen - it is a modified work contract that allows a company to save money and improve the quality of services received. The bottom line is to transfer unusual functions to third parties. This is also true in the armed forces, where most of household problems used to be solved at the expense of the labor force of soldiers.

Buffet in the Russian army. Photo: Shamukov Ruslan/TASS

If in the recent past, cooking, cleaning the barracks and surrounding areas took up significant time in the daily service of a fighter, now professional chefs and specially hired cleaning companies are responsible for this. Deliveries of products are also provided by the contractor. The new system has significantly improved the quality of control of supplied products and practically eliminated the facts of product shortages.

The new system, they say in the army, freed up considerable time, which before the fighters were forced to spend on such "everyday life." Now soldiers can devote all their time and energy to professional military training and still have time to rest.

No less important is the fact that the involvement of outsourcing companies has significantly improved the quality of the logistics of the army. First of all, the servicemen in the units felt this on their own stomachs: they are now offered not a fixed menu, but a choice. In the assortment of military canteens there are several courses, a variety of first and second courses, side dishes, drinks and even a "salad bar". By the holidays, chefs traditionally bake and serve pies.

The cleaning of military units has also reached a new level - contracts with cleaning companies guarantee high-quality daily cleaning of the internal and external territory of the unit, the cleanliness of bathrooms and showers, and the provision of detergents and disinfectants. Military personnel have become only consumers of these services.

In the future, this form of work will allow not only to relieve the armed forces from functions that are unusual for them, but also to improve the quality of training of soldiers and officers, excluding the possible psychological pressure on personnel. But in order to achieve the cherished goal, a thorough elaboration of the contours of the reform, a differentiated approach and public control over the effectiveness of spending in this area are required.

According to today's results, it becomes obvious that the Ministry of Defense made the right decision by transferring domestic issues to the hands of civilian specialists. This made it possible to kill two birds with one stone: professionals in their field provide quality services, and military personnel have more time for real military training.

Among other important advantages: the use of specialized equipment and technologies that were previously simply absent in military units, as well as healthy competition in the market of performers, when the customer can renegotiate the contract on more favorable terms.

Note also that Western countries have been practicing personnel outsourcing for a long time, finding in it a large number of advantages for the development of the armed forces. After all, the guarantee of a strong army is not only in modern weapons, but also in high-quality logistics, which forms a decently organized soldier's life.

Contracting firms hired to provide certain military services appeared on the market at the end of the 20th century. in the UK and initially engaged only in the education and training of military specialists. And only in the 90s. of the last century, such companies began to take a more active part in the life of the armed forces.

Currently, services provided on the basis of an outsourcing agreement are received by a fairly large number of foreign armies - the USA, Great Britain, Italy, Canada, France, Germany and even the armies of the CIS countries (for example, Ukraine, Georgia and Kyrgyzstan). This positive experience has finally been adopted by the Russian Armed Forces.