Summary of the lesson “Construction and construction professions. The profession and work of an excavator and a funny incident at work

Many boys in childhood were fascinated by the work and movement of construction or military equipment. Bizarre palpable power fascinates even from a considerable distance. However, many young men do not stop dreaming about specialized heavy equipment even at the age when it is time to think about choosing a profession. What does an excavator operator do and what responsibilities does this specialist have?

How to get this specialty?

In order to work as an excavator operator, you must have a profile vocational education. Individuals who have graduated from college in a related field may take continuing education courses that last several months. Concerning career development- there are always prospects. An excavator driver can have from 4 to 6 categories. There are also cases when excavators with extensive experience after the next advanced training (at specialized courses) easily get a job as mechanics. You can also try to find a job in the development and production of construction equipment, but for this it is desirable to have a higher specialized education, which can be obtained in absentia during work.

Features of the profession

It is not difficult to guess that the excavator driver controls earthmoving equipment. But his duties do not end there. Periodic maintenance and minor repairs, provided that the excavator is not under the manufacturer's warranty, are also important to understand that working on heavy construction equipment involves high risks and great responsibility. The excavator operator has no right to make mistakes, he must remember the safety rules perfectly, be able to visually determine the distances between objects with high accuracy and have a good reaction. This work is intended for people with a stable psyche, since in any emergency the severity of the consequences largely depends on how quickly the excavator operator has time to respond. A graduate of a secondary specialized institution will have to start his career from the position of an excavator." Such an internship is simply necessary: ​​even if a student studied diligently, he will only have to learn a lot about the technique and features of work in practice.

Is it profitable to work in this area?

The level varies depending on the specifics of the work and the regional factor. The average figures for the province - from 25 thousand rubles. But in the capital, the same specialist will already receive 50-60 thousand rubles, and this is only the average, and often the excavator driver receives 100 thousand rubles. Moscow is a city great opportunities and high prices, so this difference is not surprising. This profession is pleasant with a variety of schedules, you can easily find a vacancy with a standard series of work / days off - 2/2. It is not difficult to get a job on a rotational basis, and some companies practice night shift work. But do not think that the excavator driver is an easy profession. Working conditions can hardly be called comfortable even when driving modern machines. However, this is a matter of taste and, perhaps, this really has some kind of romance of its own.

Excavator operator career

General information about the profession:

History of the profession

Since ancient times, people have come up with various mechanisms to simplify their lives and shift the burden of work from their shoulders to various inventions or to tamed animals. But cars appeared after the invention of the steam engine, and at the same time, specially trained people appeared who controlled them. So - the crane operator appeared in the 20th century, when they came up with a mobile crane, the combine operator - around the same time that the first self-propelled harvester was invented in 1907 in the United States. But the locomotive driver initially worked not alone, but with a team. The first locomotive drivers were English inventors and mechanics who built the very first self-propelled mechanism Rocket, driven by a round steam boiler and engine. About ten years later Railway and machinists have already appeared in Russia. The excavator driver appeared when the excavator itself was invented.

« Man - Technique», it is focused on the use and maintenance of the excavator. For the successful implementation of such work, efficiency, accuracy, certainty of actions and diligence, discipline are required. Additional profession type:« Man-Sign», since the work of the driver is associated with work with symbolic information (instrument readings, numbers, instrument readings, diagrams, maps). For the efficient performance of their work, the driver needs developed attention. The profession of an excavator driver belongs to the performing class, it involves the performance of actions according to certain algorithms.

Related professions

Related professions (specialties): Machinist

Prospects for qualification growth

Driver

Seeing marriages due to the fault of a specialist and the possibility of their elimination

Marriage in the work of an excavator driver occurs if a person is irresponsible about the performance of a work task, it can be corrected by redoing the work.

An excavator operator operates an earth-moving machine designed to excavate soil during the construction of a building foundation, roads, ropes and other structures. Along with the main production operations (filling the bucket with soil, raising and lowering the bucket, turning the boom to the place of unloading the bucket, moving the excavator), the driver carries out maintenance of the machine, simple repairs, takes into account the amount of work done, the consumption of fuels and lubricants.

Depending on the qualification (the profession has 4-6 categories), the excavator performs work on single-bucket and rotary excavators with a bucket of various capacities - from 0.15 cubic meters (4 categories) to 4.0 cubic meters (6 categories). Difficulties in performing production operations are associated with the composition and condition of the soil being developed, the monotonous working posture, eye strain, hearing (the excavator operator hears barely noticeable deviations in the operation of the engine and mechanisms, signals from vehicles about their readiness to load the soil).

The mode of operation of the excavator driver and his related professions is determined in accordance with the Internal Labor Regulations established at the enterprise.

Difficulties in the performance of production operations are associated with the composition and condition of the developed soil, the monotonous working posture, eye strain, and hearing.

Those wishing to join the ranks of these

« romantics» with a technical specialty are waiting for railway technical schools throughout the country. To manage combines, cranes, excavators, it is worth graduating from a vocational school. But, of course, without some period of practice in the workplace, no one will allow young specialist to control a complex and dangerous mechanism.

Duration of study
Education after grade 9 - 2.5 years

Main disciplines studied Materials Science
plumbing
Fundamentals of technical drawing
electrical engineering
Basics technical mechanics and hydraulics
Life safety
Qualification of a graduate of an educational institution

Availability of qualification documents (diploma, certificates, registration in work book confirming the specialization and the assigned category).
To drive an excavator, an employee must have the appropriate documents (the presence of a certificate for the management of special equipment).

The main requirement for this work is a technical mindset and attentiveness, since the road (including the iron one) does not forgive mistakes. The driver is a very common profession, since the railway

Vacation duration
Vacation duration - 75 days.
　

Details

It just seems that the duties of an excavator driver are simple and banal. In fact, there are many of them, they are different and are spelled out in job description excavator driver. Let's find out about them in detail.

To perform job duties, the excavator operator must not only have the skills to manage this equipment, but also the ability to maintain it and maintain it in working order.

An excavator driver is an important and necessary person for every construction work. Despite the apparent simplicity of work functions, this specialty requires not only the ability to drive a machine, but also specific knowledge of physics, geometry, geography, and mining geology. In addition, to perform all the duties of an excavator, responsibility and care are required, because. driver error can be very deplorable.

Job Responsibilities of an Excavator Operator

The scope of the main official powers of a certain employee is established in the job description of the excavator driver, which is developed personally in each organization.

Since the job description is an internal document of the organization, it may differ in content even within the same profession.

Yet there are General requirements, allowing you to competently draw up a job description for an excavator driver.

The basis of the job description of the excavator operator

Any excavator operator’s instruction, no matter at what enterprise it is drawn up, has a similar look:

• In the upper right corner there is information about the official who approved the instruction, with the date of ratification and the signature of this person.
• This is followed by a section with general provisions. Here information is indicated on the requirements for applicants for a position, the sequence of admission, dismissal and replacement of a worker. This section contains a list of documents that the employee needs to familiarize with. Such a list is important especially for an excavator driver. Indeed, due to the specifics of the work, the excavator driver must follow a number of instructions and requirements.
• The main section includes the definition of the rights and obligations of the excavator operator. The more precisely the list of requirements is drawn up, the easier it is for the employee to fulfill his direct duties.
• The last section deals with the responsibility of the worker. It cannot be more demanding than the one provided by the legislation.

Key Responsibilities of an Excavator Operator

The main duties of an excavator are:

• proper operation of the excavator when carrying out various types of work (mining, stripping, etc.);
• development and transportation of rock mass and soil;
• layout of the face surface and movement of the excavator during operation;
• development of soil in layers;
• loading and laying of the developed rock;
• care and maintenance of the excavator before and after work;
• direct participation in the repair work of equipment;
• maintaining and filling out the necessary technical documentation;
• sorting rocks by varieties during extraction;
• loading of minerals vehicles;
• removal from railway rails and transport of the remains of various breeds;
• control of the presence of grounding and connection of the current supply cable to the network;
• fuel level control and refueling;
• control the correct operation of the device;
• removal of adhering soils or rocks from the bucket;

When developing a job description for an excavator driver, the employer must take into account the category of the excavator operator. Since the corresponding category allows the driver to control equipment only with certain characteristics.

In this profession, five categories are distinguished: from the fourth to the eighth. All of them differ in the volume of the bucket, which the driver can control. As a rule, the higher the category, the more duties the excavator operator has.

Often, accidents can occur during work. In this case, the driver must also fulfill a number of requirements. So, for example, in case of fire or soil collapse and other emergencies, the excavator operator must:

• interrupt the workflow;
• transport equipment to a non-hazardous place, while leaving the passage free;
• in the event of a fire, proceed with its immediate extinguishing;
• if necessary, provide first aid to the victims;
• inform the authorities about the situation.

Similarly, when developing a job description for an excavator operator, it is important to take into account a significant number of important points related to the requirements for an applicant for a specified specialty, and a list official duties employee. It is true that the instructions drawn up will help both the mercenary when hiring an employee, and the employee in the performance of his duties. job duties further.

Each job requires experience and careful attention to obtain maximum performance, especially when it comes to managing multifunctional equipment. Many, watching how easy it is to exercise the most complex operations a highly qualified excavator driver, they believe that everyone can handle the miracle technique. But that's not the case at all.

For example, the profitability of the entire workflow depends on the speed of loading soil into a truck. The operator must have certain skills, experience and knowledge. Therefore, the work of an excavator driver is far from available to everyone, but only to those who have successfully completed their training and received the proper documents after passing the exams. Only qualified and experienced specialists will be able to effectively perform work on the excavator.

Backhoe loader driver - how do employers see a potential candidate?

Such a position as a loader excavator driver is in high demand at the modern labor exchange. Vacancies are offered different, with a variety of requirements for applicants and with a wide variety of working conditions. The main generally accepted requirements are: work experience, skill level and the presence of a certain category. Sometimes additional requirements are added to these requirements - place of residence, age, ability to drive a certain brand of equipment.

Among the main conditions of work are: place of work, regime, registration and, of course, the most important thing - wages. Often, its mode depends on the place of work, as, for example, in the case of employment on a rotational basis. It is the shift method that provides for additional conditions: food, accommodation, payment for the road to the place of employment and other specific, but important, nuances. Among the many vacancies, the excavator driver will definitely be able to find the most suitable conditions.

Sometimes excavator operator for a long time cannot find a suitable vacancy. Basically, this circumstance is familiar to beginners who have just completed their studies and, due to circumstances, have not yet acquired work experience. And almost all vacancies require its presence. The situation is quite difficult, but there is still a way to solve it. This way is to send out resumes so that the employer chooses and applies, because it’s hard to find a free position on your own - experience is a prerequisite everywhere.

How is the work of an excavator loader driver paid and what opportunities open up for people who have completed the courses

Of course, the best option would be to choose such courses of study, where, after their successful completion, employment in the specialty is offered. Another way to solve the problem with the selection of vacancies in the absence of experience is the position of the student. If the choice is on the option of posting an excavator operator resume, there are a few key points to consider regarding the data entered. The summary should indicate education, specialty, years of study, places of work, professional skills, experience and additional data (various permits, business trips, personal qualities, etc.).

Upon completion of the specialty training, each operator is assigned a certain rank, which can be improved by gaining work experience and passing exams in advanced training courses. In many job applications, the rank of an excavator operator plays a significant role. Maximum professional level ranked eighth. Each of the categories has its own requirements for knowledge and skills, as well as tolerances for specific types of equipment and certain operations. For example, the profession of an excavator driver with the fourth category allows you to control a loading and excavating machine with one bucket, the capacity of which does not exceed 0.4 cubic meters. It is allowed to engage in the development of soil and rock mass, movement and loading.

For accounting purposes, since 2002, a special classification of fixed assets has been established, which are included in depreciation groups, it received the abbreviated name OKOF. So, each OKOF of an excavator designates its own type of equipment, which is very convenient when making accounting calculations. In each organization, the salary of an excavator driver is calculated according to approximately the same principle. However, salaries can vary greatly.

The pay differential factor is influenced by many conditions, not the least of which is the rank of the machine operator. According to analytical studies of the Russian labor exchange, the lower bar of the average salary is only twenty thousand rubles, but the upper one is as much as eighty thousand. If we take specifically the capital, there the average salary is about forty-five thousand rubles. Contrary to analytical data, you can find job offers (mainly in the shift option) with salary from one hundred thousand rubles.

Over the past few years, my life has been turned upside down. Everything has changed dramatically - goals, priorities, outlook on life. How drastically - judge for yourself. Today, in the middle of the snow-covered taiga, in a deserted quarry, I loaded Kamaz trucks with stone, injected an excavator, learned the basics and subtleties of working as an excavator. The plans are to find a job in a new specialty, on a shift, somewhere to the north. But just six months ago, I did not get out because of the laptop. Engaged in the creation, promotion and monetization of sites.

For even greater contrast, let me say that in the plans and dreams that I tirelessly strived for literally two years ago, there was only one thing - to buy a ticket to paradise island Samui. Rent a cozy guesthouse, go in search of adventure during the day, get acquainted with the culture and inexpensive cuisine of Southeast Asia, travel from beach to beach on a rented scooter. In the evenings, watching the sun sink below the horizon into the waters of the Gulf of Thailand, after that, return to the guesthouse and start working: develop websites, sell links, at least freelance ... To make all these dreams come true, I had to raise passive income just a little, from what I have already achieved, for some 5-7 thousand rubles a month. But my tender dreams of a warm island crashed against the cold rocks of reality one autumn day. Everything that he worked on for many years, sometimes without rest for 20 hours a day, driven only by his dream - all this disappeared as if it did not exist, income fell to zero, and there was no chance of returning it. The only thing left is the baggage of knowledge in the field of content creation, administration and website promotion. For almost two years afterwards, I tried to apply this knowledge, "work for my uncle", work in partnership, and so on. And how it all ended, you already know - I'm building a career as an excavator. But I will not be mistaken if I say that nothing has ended - everything is just beginning, an unexpected chapter opens in my life. A new one opened up in front of me, interesting world. Why I decided to become an excavator and why I decided to change everything in my life so dramatically - I’ll tell you more about this in more detail.

Such a clear slap in the face from life, like the loss of many years of work, did not enlighten me in one second. It is not surprising. When you dream about something for a very long time, plan your life in accordance with the dream, it is difficult to forget in an instant, to refuse it. But time thoroughly undermines this stone of hope, then erases it into dust and scatters it in the wind without leaving a trace of it. It's time to move on. And I, like that epic hero, had three ways. Along the way, I lost something and gained something. The first path, which I first entered, but quickly jumped off, was the creation of my own Internet project and receiving income from it. In partnership with me, an online store was created, 100 thousand rubles and six months were spent on its promotion. But, without going into details, I was lucky that I “managed” to quickly jump off the topic and return the money spent, which was barely enough to scatter with debts. I no longer had the money to create my own business on the Internet. And from scratch, creating something without significant financial investments, even with extensive knowledge, is pointless. Yes, if they were (money), then it is impossible to predict the profit, whether the idea will shoot or not. Something more stable in terms of income was needed. The second way immediately comes to mind - to work for someone. On this path, at first he failed, but when he finally decided on the third path, then immediately, as from the cornucopia, proposals began, and continue to pour to this day. Nose last way I couldn't turn back anymore. It seems that life was testing whether I really want this new destiny. The decision was made, I burned bridges.

So, the third way is the way of the excavator. I'll start the story with the fact that looking through job vacancies, I was not attracted to life with a salary of 20 thousand rubles until the end of my days. No other money is paid here. Wherever I look, all vacancies are like a selection - work with clients, active sales, black salary (in fact, not in ads). Workers are another matter. And here the conversation is not about techies and humanitarians, but about ordinary hard workers. Probably, I will surprise someone, but according to the ratings, Russia is the most educated country in the world - 54% of the population of our vast country aged 25 to 65 has a higher education. And this, ladies and gentlemen, is an overabundance of those who want to wear white collars, and a shortage of ordinary hard workers. This situation created a fascinating paradox. Wage accountant or manager is 2-3 times lower than that of the same welder (we are not talking about Moscow). At the same time, the welder did not spend 5 years and about half a million rubles on training. I guess it's all about mentality. At school they told us - "without higher education they won’t even hire them as cleaners.” But they still hire cleaners, and they don’t ask about education. Moreover, I know for sure that there are cleaners who combine several jobs and earn a total of 60 thousand a month.

At the age of 29, I realized that I did not have a regular working specialty. He began to select professions for which he could study - such as a concrete worker, assembler, etc., but suddenly remembered a small fact - when he graduated high school, in addition to the certificate received a tractor driver's certificate. For more than 10 years after that, I never got behind the wheel of a tractor. Somewhere gathering dust, the certificate was expired, it had to be changed. But there was no point in simply changing, since it was the specialty that was needed. Otherwise, the only thing I could count on was plowing fields and pulling carts, for a meager salary in the collapsed agricultural enterprises of the district, which naturally did not suit me. So, I had rights, but there was no specialty. The first thing I laid my eyes on was the profession of a bulldozer driver. Calling driving schools where you could get training, specifying the price, terms, list required documents, I already imagined myself pushing huge prisms of soil behind the arms of a bulldozer, somewhere in the far northern quarries. But then, after watching a video about the filigree work of excavators, I decided - I want and I will be able to do the same. The cost and terms of training, both for a bulldozer operator and for an excavator operator, were no different. In the end, the decision was finally made, and I don’t regret it at all now. How I was trained as an excavator, internship, I will tell about successes and failures in finding a job in the following articles.

Cooking a hot dog with an excavator.