Difference between job description and job description. About production instructions

/ Production instruction

The production instruction covers the entire cycle of production relations between the employee and the manufactured products or technical work taking place in the organization. Production instructions for each specific specialist are carefully developed taking into account the entire technological process of production or work. And the more complex and dangerous the production, the more documents are used that are involved in the preparation of the production instruction.

All production instructions are universal in nature and do not have model standards. The production instruction does not allow deviations in the description of production and technological processes, as it relies on a large number of clear legislative documents regulating only certain strictly limited professional activities of employees. The performance of specific actions is reflected in the form of production behavior and is drawn up in production instructions for execution, and is regulated by many documents.

The essence of the production instruction is that it includes detailed instructions and rules for working with stationary mechanisms that have both manual start and installation, and automatic; requirements for the size of the workload for each profession; the level of general vibration; the magnitude of the heat load, taking into account the time of year and the duration of its impact, and other factors of the working environment and related features of the labor process.

So one of the essential criteria reflected in the production instructions is the determination of the severity labor activity based on the mass of manually lifted and moved weights and the dynamic load on the body during the shift, measured in kilograms - for the category of workers associated with heavy physical labor. The production instruction gives Full description on providing employees with the constitutional right to work in conditions that meet all the requirements of labor protection, specifying this right (Article (hereinafter referred to as Art.) 219 Labor Code Russian Federation(hereinafter referred to as the Labor Code of the Russian Federation)).

The state simultaneously establishes guarantees for employees (Article 220 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) and imposes on the employer the obligation to ensure safe conditions and labor protection for employees (Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), and also provides for the need for state supervision and control over compliance with labor protection requirements and establishes the responsibility of persons guilty of violating labor protection requirements (Article 419 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). These data are written in the production instructions. The production instruction also reflects the minimum standards for providing workers with personal protective equipment that are mandatory for the employer, that is, it provides for the rules for providing workers with special clothing, footwear and other personal protective equipment. This norm in the production instructions looks like necessary instructions for the safe working conditions of workers, which should not be violated by either the employee or the employer.

How to write a production manual

To create a production instruction, it is necessary to study and describe in detail the production or technological processes. It can also describe physical, chemical phenomena, equipment operating rules or adjustment work. The compiler of the instructions has a great responsibility and he needs to delve into the production process in detail.

You will need

sample instructions

safety requirements

Instruction

1 Write an introductory part of the production instruction. Here reflect the scope and purpose of the document.

2 Reflect the requirements for labor safety in the main part of the document, before the job description. Here you can indicate links to available labor protection instructions, sanitary norms and rules, or compose the text of specific requirements. Here also indicate the personal protective equipment used, safety requirements for components, assembly units and materials.

3 Describe the technological sequence of actions, operations. Describe the processes in simple phrases denoting the action on the object, accompanied by an indication of the parameters (if necessary). Write down information about the required process mode, i.e. parameters of temperature, pressure, power, etc., required during the operation.

4 Specify what equipment is involved in the technological process. Specify the names of fixtures, tools and measuring instruments in accordance with the technological documentation for them. By assigning a letter code to tools and fixtures, you can shorten the text of the description of operations.

5 Make a description of the operation of the equipment in the form of a list or sequence of actions of the personnel serving it. There may be clauses about the duties of personnel during the preparation of equipment for operation, during its operation, breakdowns and emergencies, as well as upon completion of work on the equipment. In addition, the responsibility of personnel in the maintenance of mechanisms and work on them is mandatory.

6 Break large text into sections and subsections. Number paragraphs and subparagraphs. Provide tables or graphic illustrations, if necessary.

7 On the first sheet of the instruction, indicate its name (above), the industry to which the production belongs. Below on the right there should be a signature on the approval of the instruction, the position and date of the approver. Next, place the main text of the instruction, which, if necessary, transfer to subsequent pages. On the right and below, in a separate field, indicate the composition of its performers and the last name, name of the developer and controller.
POSITION

on the development of Production Instructions

Introduction
This Regulation has been developed on the basis of the requirements of the Unified System for Technological Documentation (ESTD), ECTS, GOST 12.0.004 and taking into account the letter of the Federal Service for Labor and Employment dated November 24, 2008 N 6234-TZ « On job and work instructions” and determines the procedure for the development, approval and application of production instructions for working professions of LLC “” (hereinafter referred to as the organization).
1. General provisions
1.1. Production instruction- This is an organizational and legal document that defines the main functions, duties, rights and responsibilities of an employee in the exercise of his activities in a particular profession.

Production instruction- this is a document that determines the procedure for personnel to operate any equipment: acceptance and delivery of a shift (if necessary), start-up, switching on, shutdown, withdrawal for repair, actions in case of accidents, etc.

1.2. Production instructions for employees of each structural unit are developed by the head of the structural unit on the basis of the "Regulations on the structural unit". Job descriptions should be specific and actually describe jobs.

1.3. Production instructions are reviewed in a unified manner in accordance with changes in the structure and staffing of the Organization, as well as after certification.

1.4. The meaning of the production instruction as an organizational document is as follows:

Fixes legal status and the place of the employee in the management system;

Defines the tasks, functions, rights and obligations of the employee;

Allows you to reasonably evaluate the results of activities;

Is legal basis for attestation of an employee, determination of his disciplinary and material liability;

Establishes organizational bases of legal activity.

1.5. Production instructions are reviewed once every 5 years.

1.6. The retention period of production instructions in the Organization is 45 years after they are replaced.

1.7. Keeping original production instructions responsible person on personnel work Organizations. If necessary, certified copies can be kept by the heads of structural units and used in the current work of structural units.
2. The procedure for the development and execution of production instructions
2.1. Production instructions are developed on the basis of the organization's staffing table, the All-Russian Classification of Workers' Occupations, positions of employees and tariff categories OK 016-94 (OKPDTR), instructions for the operation of manufacturers for equipment, tools and fixtures used at the workplace of a worker of a particular profession by the head of the structural unit in whose subordination is workplace.

2.2. Before developing production instructions, it is necessary to carry out:

Study of the technological (production) process, identification of potential hazardous and harmful production factors arising during its normal course and during deviations;

Determination of safe methods and techniques of work, their sequence, as well as

technical and organizational measures to be included in the instruction;

Determination of compliance with the safety requirements of the equipment used,

devices and tools;

The study design features and the effectiveness of the means of protection that

can be used in the performance of relevant work.

2.3. The requirements of the instruction must be set out in accordance with the sequence of the technological (production) process, taking into account the types of equipment, fixtures, and tools.

2.4. The text of the instruction should include only those requirements that relate to the safety of a particular type of work and are carried out by the workers themselves.

2.5. Production instructions for workers should not contain any references to other normative and normative-technical documents (except for references to other instructions for workers). The main requirements of these documents should be taken into account by the developers of the instruction. If necessary, the requirements of these documents should be included in the instructions.

2.6. The requirements of the instruction must be brief and clear, taking into account the specific conditions and specifics of the work performed, and not allow various interpretations. The terms used in the instructions must comply with the terminology adopted in the regulatory documents. When using terms that are not established in these documents, the texts of the instructions should provide their definitions or explanations for them.

Replacing words in the text of the instruction with letter abbreviations (abbreviations) is allowed provided that the abbreviation is fully deciphered when it is first used.

2.7. Instructions should not use turns colloquial speech, as well as professional and technical colloquial terms.

The text should avoid expressing the requirements in the form of a ban, and if this is not possible, explain the reason for the ban. Individual points of the instruction should not be reinforced with the words “categorically”, “especially”, “strictly obligatory”, “unconditionally”, etc., since all points of the instruction are equally important and mandatory. Separate provisions of the instruction can be illustrated with drawings, diagrams, photographs explaining the meaning of these requirements.

The form of the statement of requirements should be prescriptive: make, turn, move, register, etc.

2.8. The instructions must include requirements that can be met by the workers themselves and do not contain organizational and technical requirements, the fulfillment of which is not necessary to ensure the safe performance of work and the creation of normal sanitary conditions at the workplace.

2.9. The instructions should not include the duties of the heads of the unit, because their knowledge is superfluous for the worker.

2.10. The instructions must set out the procedure and requirements to ensure the safe conduct of work. If the safety of the work is due to certain standards, then they must be indicated (the size of the gaps, distances, height, voltage, concentration, etc.).

2.11. The text of the instruction should be divided into sections (if necessary, into subsections) and paragraphs and numbered. Arabic numerals: sections - within the instructions, subsections - within the section, paragraphs within the subsections (if they are absent - within the sections).

Since the "Introduction" does not carry instructional instructions, it is possible not to carry out numbering inside it.

2.12. The name of the instruction should indicate the type of profession for which it is intended. The developed draft instruction, with a list of used normative and technical documentation, should be sent for consideration to the interested services and structural divisions. After reviewing and summarizing the comments and suggestions, a final draft instruction for employees is developed.

2.13. All instructions are assigned a number (letter abbreviation - designation of the type of instruction, Arabic numerals - subdivision number (if necessary), serial number according to the List, year of development)

For example: PI 01.01-2012 - Production instruction for ________ ( profession name)

2.14. Production instructions must be executed in the form given in Appendix 1
3. Content and writing of the Production Instruction
3.1. The content of the Production Instruction depends on the work performed by the worker, the workplace, the composition of equipment, tools and fixtures and must comply with qualifications professions, types of work included in the duty of the worker.

3.2. Approximate content of sections of the Production Instructions:

Introduction

1. General Provisions

2. Characteristics of works

4. Responsibility

5. Description of the workplace and types of equipment in use

6. Description of the operation of equipment, mechanisms, tools and devices.

6.1. Definition and purpose

6.2. Technical specifications

6.3. Description of the production process

6.4. Conditions for conducting the production process and (or) operating equipment, mechanisms, tools and devices

6.5. Preparation for repair

6.6. Current service

6.7. Production Problems and Solutions

7. List of local normative documents, the requirements of which the worker must know and comply with.

The title and content of the sections of the Production Instruction may be changed depending on the specific conditions of the workplace and the work performed.

3.3. In the "Introduction" section

3.4. In the section "General provisions" should be reflected:

Full name of the profession (exact name in accordance with staffing, indicating the category of the employee in accordance with the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations of Workers, Positions of Employees and Wage Categories;

In whose direct subordination is the employee (in addition, to whom is he subordinate for the period of absence of a superior person);

The procedure for hiring and dismissal, on the proposal of which person the hiring is carried out, with what official the appointment is agreed;

How the work is organized - independently by the employee, in accordance with the work plan of the structural unit or according to the flexible or other work schedule approved by the Director of the Organization;

Has an irregular working day been established for the employee, if his profession is included in the list of positions, specialties and professions with irregular working hours approved by the order of the Director of the Organization;

Whose oral and written orders are carried out by the employee - in addition to the orders of the immediate supervisor or in his absence;

Qualification requirements for education, work experience - are developed on the basis of ECTS;

What an employee should know.

3.5. The sections “Characteristics of work”, “Rights”, “Responsibility” should reflect the requirements defined by the ECTS for this profession and additionally specify specific types of work determined by the employer that are not included in the ECTS, but necessary for the production activities of the organization’s division (combination of professions, special types jobs requiring additional training, etc.).

3.6. In the Section "Description of the workplace and types of equipment operated"

given short description a workplace with the definition of specific boundaries or an indication of the sections of the subdivision or territory where the worker performs the work, types of equipment, mechanisms used, tools and devices that serve and are used by the worker in the performance of the work performed in accordance with the Section "Characteristics of work".

3.7. In the Section "Description of the operation of equipment, mechanisms, tools and devices"

Taking into account the requirements of the Manuals or Instructions for the operation of equipment, mechanisms, tools and fixtures from manufacturers, the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation and specific operating conditions determined by the organization, the following are described:

Definition and purpose of operated and used equipment, mechanisms, tools and devices or references are made to other local regulatory documents that determine the procedure for the safe operation of specific mechanisms, tools and devices;

The technical characteristics of the operated equipment, mechanisms, tools and fixtures included in the service facility at the worker's workplace are indicated from specific Manuals or Instructions for the operation of equipment, mechanisms, tools and fixtures from manufacturers;

The description of the production process is made with the indication of the necessary parameters for conducting the process, interaction with other production processes or the actions of other workers;

The conditions for conducting the production process and (or) operating equipment, mechanisms, tools and devices are determined by the requirements of the Manuals or Instructions for the operation of equipment, mechanisms, tools and devices of manufacturers, the Rules for the Device and Safe Operation and specific operating conditions determined by the organization;

When preparing for the repair of equipment, the procedure for shutting down the equipment (de-energizing, disconnecting, disconnecting, etc.), freeing the equipment from products and oils, etc. is determined. actions;

During the Routine maintenance of equipment, mechanisms, tools and fixtures, the procedure for inspection, lubrication, care is determined, the terms of service, lubrication maps, etc. are determined. operations;

Production failures and methods for their elimination are usually drawn up in the form of a table in accordance with the recommendations of the Manuals or Instructions for the operation of equipment from manufacturers and the specific operating conditions determined by the organization.

3.8. In the Section "List of local regulatory documents, the requirements of which the worker must know and comply with", reference is made to specific Instructions on labor protection by profession, Instructions on labor protection and safe operation and other types of Instructions, the requirements of which the worker must know and comply with when performing work in accordance with this production instruction

When developing job descriptions, sometimes not only job descriptions are provided, but also functional responsibilities. And what is their difference? What is the difference between a job description and a job description?

What is the difference between functional duties and job duties?

Labor legislation does not distinguish between the concepts of functional and official duties and does not define them. It is believed that the functional duties of an employee characterize the purpose or functions of a particular employee, that is, the result that is achieved as a result of the employee's performance of his duties. And the immediate duties that the employee performs to achieve such goals are called official duties. For example, in accordance with the professional standard "Accountant" (approved by Order of the Ministry of Labor of December 22, 2014 No. 1061n), one of the labor functions of the chief accountant is the preparation of accounting (financial) statements. This can be attributed to functional responsibilities. And the direct labor actions that an employee needs to perform to achieve this function, that is, in fact, his official duties, are, for example:

• counting and logical verification of the correctness of the formation of numerical indicators of reports included in the accounting (financial) statements;
• formation of explanations to the balance sheet and income statement;
• ensuring that the head of the economic entity signs the accounting (financial) statements;
• ensuring the safety of accounting (financial) statements before their transfer to the archive.

Often the terms official duties” and “functional duties” are considered as synonyms. And it does not matter how the duties of the employee will be named in the job description. It is important that their content clearly implies what specific work the employee will need to perform, taking into account the peculiarities of the organization of production, labor and management at the enterprise.

The difference between job description and production

When managers, specialists and other employees are hired, the instructions developed for them are called job descriptions. And for the professions of workers, on the basis of, as a rule, unified tariff-qualification reference books of work and professions of workers in the relevant industries, production instructions are approved, which are also sometimes called work instructions. Thus, the difference between a job description and a work instruction is only in the category of employees for whom such an instruction is being developed. Although such a division is rather arbitrary, after all, both job and work instructions should give the employee an unambiguous understanding of what work he has to do.

The production instruction must be understandable, accurate and contain algorithms of actions in different situations to ensure maximum work safety. This article will explain how to prepare such a document.

From the article you will learn:

What is a production instruction

Definition

Production instruction (hereinafter PI) - This is a document regulating the performance of official duties by the operating personnel of the HIF. Strict adherence to the instructions allows you not to deviate from the technological process, get the desired result and ensure the maximum level of industrial safety.

The main difference between the PI and the equipment operation manual is that it is developed at the enterprise, taking into account the specifics and specific risk factors. PI is not a reference to a product or a technological process, but a direct algorithm of actions, including in case of accidents or breakdowns.

Rostekhnadzor requires that production instructions be present at all workplaces related to:

• with construction, operation, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, conservation, ;
• with the transportation of hazardous substances;
• with electric power facilities;
• with objects where electrical, thermal installations and networks are operated;
• with hydraulic structures;
• manufacturing, installation, commissioning, maintenance, repair technical devices applied at the facilities (clause 26 of the Regulations on the organization of training and knowledge testing of workers' organizations supervised Federal Service on environmental, technological and nuclear supervision, approved. ).

Also, the requirements for the development of PI are contained in industry regulations. For example, for gas companies, this is the FNP “Safety Rules for Gas Distribution and Gas Consumption Networks”.

Standard production instructions of Rostekhnadzor

The basis for local PIs can be typical industry and intersectoral ones, but they should be used taking into account the characteristics of the production process at a particular enterprise, as well as qualification requirements or professional standards.

For example, a PI for an employee responsible for maintaining pipe-laying cranes in good condition is developed on the basis of, a pipe-laying crane operator - RD 10-276-99, a slinger - etc.

How to develop a PI

The law does not regulate the procedure for compiling PI in any way, leaving it to the discretion of the management of enterprises with HPF. This procedure is determined by the employer himself, fixing the rules for the development of production instructions, as well as the requirements for their structure in local regulations.

Who develops PI at the enterprise

The complexity of compiling this document lies in the fact that only competent employees can do this, and almost always this is a collective process. Heads of structural divisions, technologists, engineers, leading specialists participate in the development production shops, sites, chief engineer service, production and technical department, etc.

If federal rules, norms and other documents regulating work in the industry have changed during the IP, it is necessary to make the appropriate changes. After that, the document is again brought to the attention of the staff, and the fact is recorded in writing. This confirms that employees are aware of the effect of the new instructions.

Contents of the production instruction

When developing a UI, remember: it should not only be useful for employees, but also easy to use. Therefore, pay special attention to the fact that the structure is logical and divided into sections, the language should be simple, understandable, without ambiguous wording. If necessary, use tables, diagrams, figures with explanations.

When compiling the PI, be guided by:

• Professional standards.
• Standard production instructions of Rostekhnadzor.
• Departmental regulatory and technical documents.
• Passports, instructions for equipment and other documentation from the manufacturer.

1. Title page. The name of the instruction, the industry of production are written on it. In addition, it is necessary to indicate the names of the authors, the developer, the controller, the approver, as well as the release date.

2. Introduction. This is a short part that describes the purpose of the instruction, the target audience (in the form of a list of positions), and lists the regulatory documents that have become the basis of the IP.

• Information about the OPO. Scheme of the production cycle. Information about the technological schemes, the norms of the technological mode. Types and types of equipment, its main characteristics, purpose.
• Requirements for production personnel, including.
• Job description.
• Responsibilities of personnel during duty to monitor and control the operation of the production line.
• The procedure for checking the serviceability of serviced production lines and maintaining related equipment in working order.
• The order, terms, methods of checking fittings, safety devices, automatic protection and alarm devices.
• The procedure for starting up and stopping (stopping) equipment.
• Safety precautions when working with equipment
• Cases requiring immediate shutdown of the equipment, provided for by federal norms and industrial safety rules, as well as other, due to the specifics of the operation of the equipment. The procedure for an emergency stop, pressure reduction to atmospheric, or, for example, gas contamination to an acceptable level, is set depending on the specific scheme for switching on the equipment and the technological process.
• . Order. Escape routes.
• The procedure for maintaining a shift log (registration of the acceptance / delivery of duty, verification of the record by a person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the equipment).

4. The procedure for making changes and additions to the production instructions.

All names of components are indicated as they are called by the manufacturer. The characteristics of the products obtained as a result of the production process are described. In addition, the instructions must contain a clause on the responsibility of personnel while working on the equipment.

Production instructions for working professions (samples)

As an example, here is the Production Instruction for Crane Operators (Machinists) on the safe operation of tower cranes

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Find the sample document on labor protection you need in the Reference system "Labor protection". Experts have already compiled 2506 templates!

Who approves the PI

After drawing up the PI must be approved. This should be done either by the head of the organization or the technical manager. If any amendments are made to the instruction, most often it is put into effect as new document. At the same time, the action of the old one will have to be canceled by a special order for the organization.

Checking knowledge of production instructions for personnel serving HIFs

Testing the knowledge of PI among the staff is carried out at least once every 12 months. Extraordinary inspections must be organized if changes are made to federal norms and rules, if an employee transfers to another organization, an appropriate order is issued from supervisory authorities, poor knowledge of the PI is noticed, or there was a break in work in the specialty for more than a year (in the latter case, another internship will be required).

Production instructions are placed at workplaces, and a spare version is stored on a stand in the production room. The issuance of the PI occurs as a briefing: a personal signature of the employee is required in a special journal.

Greetings, dear friends! A note on manufacturing instructions.

In organizations engaged in the construction, operation, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, conservation and liquidation of a hazardous production facility; electric power facility; an object where electrical, thermal installations and networks are operated, hydraulic structures; manufacturing, installation, adjustment, maintenance and repair of technical devices (machinery and equipment) used at facilities, transportation of hazardous substances, production instructions are developed and approved in the manner established in these organizations.

Mandatory development of production instructions is provided regulations in the field of industrial safety to ensure the requirements of industrial safety, and not in the field of labor protection.

In accordance with paragraph 26 of the Regulations on the organization of training and testing of knowledge of working organizations supervised by the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision, approved by order of Rostekhnadzor dated January 29, 2007 No. 37, in organizations engaged in construction, operation, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, conservation and liquidation of a hazardous production facility; electric power facility; the facility where electrical, thermal installations and networks, hydraulic structures are operated, the manufacture, installation, adjustment, maintenance and repair of technical devices (machinery and equipment) used at facilities, the transportation of hazardous substances, are developed and approved in the manner established by these organizations , production instructions.

Therefore, the requirements for the structure of the production instruction must be established by the local acts of the organization.

By general rule, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation, production instructions are revised in the manner approved by the organization.

Production instructions are developed on the basis of the qualification requirements specified in the qualification reference books and / or professional standards for the relevant professions of workers, as well as taking into account the specifics of the technological processes of a particular production. Before admission to independent work After the safety briefing, the workers are tested on their knowledge of the instructions. (Clause 26 of the RD dated January 29, 2007 No. 03-19-2007 "Regulations on the organization of work on the training and certification of specialists from organizations supervised by the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision").

In addition, production instructions should be developed on the basis of standard industry and inter-industry instructions. For example, a job description for a specialist responsible for maintaining pipe-laying cranes in good condition is developed on the basis of a standard instruction RD 10-275-99, production instruction pipe-laying crane operator - on the basis of RD 10-276-99, etc.

Production instructions for personnel servicing HIFs are approved by persons authorized to do so in accordance with the constituent documents and local regulations of the organization, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents.

So, for example, according to the requirements of clause 2 of Appendix No. 1 of RD 10-40-931, production instructions for personnel serving the GPM and lifts have the right to develop - the technical director (chief engineer), trained and certified by the enterprise.

Production instructions are located at the workplace and are issued against signature to workers, for whom knowledge of these instructions is mandatory.

Based on Rostechnadzor Order No. 37 dated January 29, 2007 “On the Procedure for Training and Certification of Employees of Organizations Supervised by the Federal Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision Service”, workers are periodically tested for knowledge of production instructions and / or instructions for specific professions at least once at 12 months.

Download and view an example of a production instruction on the operating mode and safe maintenance of pressure vessels (steam sterilizer VK-75-01, GK-100-3) from our colleague Alexei Semikhatsky.

That's all. Until new notes!