The difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse. What is the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse and what to choose for various tasks

Amateur gardeners and professional farmers sooner or later face the desire and need to have a cultivation facility on their farm: a greenhouse or greenhouse. Indeed, in closed ground, representatives of the flora grow better and give a greater harvest. What building to choose for such purposes? How are greenhouses different from greenhouses? Which building is better? Let's find answers to all these questions.

Greenhouses and greenhouses have a fundamental difference - the height of the internal space

There are two main types of agricultural structures: greenhouses and greenhouses. Both are designed for growing various crops indoors. Both types of premises protect plants from the influence of adverse environmental influences. An artificial microclimate is created inside them, similar to natural environment, a regime is established that stimulates faster growth, better fruit set and, of course, makes it possible to obtain increased yields. Greenhouses and greenhouses are designed for cultivation of vegetable, flower and fruit crops, as well as seedlings and seedlings. In this they do not differ.

A bit of history

The first people invented greenhouses, it happened back in the days ancient rome. In order for the crops to warm up well with the sun's rays, the beds were arranged on carts that could be moved from place to place. Then they came up with the idea of covering the plantings with special caps to protect them from the effects of lower night temperatures. Then, in this way, vegetable crops atypical for the area, imported from the southern states, were grown.

Much later, there was a need for breeding tropical plants, in the 13th century, the design of a mobile bed was supplemented with a semblance of heating, and thus greenhouses appeared. The invention reached Russia in the 18th century. In those days, buildings were primarily used as decorative. Over time, their purpose has changed. In them, instead of beautifully flowering plants and medicinal herbs, they began to grow vegetables.

Requirements for cultivation facilities

The design of any building must, first of all, be designed rationally:

the room should receive the maximum amount of diffused and direct sunlight, without which photosynthesis is impossible;
the temperature regime should be even, that is, without sharp fluctuations, as on the street;
heat loss should be minimal;
air exchange must be carried out, with the help of which humidity and temperature are regulated.

In addition to the above, the cultivation facility must be universal, that is, suitable for growing any kind of plants. It is also important that there is a comfortable layout inside: all the space is used most rationally.

Structural differences between greenhouses and greenhouses

These agricultural buildings can be of various configurations:

- single-sided;

- duplex.

Shed structures are suitable for the northern regions, they are usually placed along some kind of wall. The only slope of the roof is oriented to the south side. Dvuhskatnye are used everywhere. Greenhouses are most often made gable. Greenhouses can be anything.

Greenhouses differ from greenhouses in large dimensions. This is especially true for height: in a greenhouse a person does not fit in full height, but the plants have enough space. Therefore, it is most advisable to use greenhouses for breeding low-growing varieties of tomatoes, bell peppers, early radishes, zucchini, eggplant, herbs, lettuce, as well as for strawberries and melons. Usually the height of the greenhouse is from 60 to 100-150 cm. Greenhouses for personal use usually have a height of 200-220 cm, industrial buildings are much higher, wider and longer.

Greenhouses are stationary structures, bulky and heavy. Greenhouses are usually light, they can be transported, which is very convenient.

It is recommended to grow vegetable crops every two to three years in a new area so that the plants do not get sick, and the soil is filled with the necessary nutrients. useful substances and micronutrients. The greenhouse is more convenient in this case, because it is mobile and can be placed anywhere and moved if necessary. It is difficult to move a greenhouse, especially if it is installed on a foundation, so you can only replace the soil in it and alternate crops for growing.

Heating, lighting and ventilation systems

The greenhouse is an unheated room; artificial lighting systems are not installed in it, therefore, it is not used in winter. Greenhouses, on the contrary, can be used year-round. Their height makes it possible to mount lighting. Installation of heating systems in them is rational.

The temperature in the greenhouse is maintained by solar heat and mulching the soil, that is, in a natural way. In the greenhouse, which is planned to be used in the frosty period of the year, heating is provided.

Due to the low height in greenhouses, there are rarely doors and vents; ventilation is carried out by temporarily removing the cover. Greenhouses usually have at least one door and two vents, often additional windows are installed on the roof.

Coating materials

To cover the frame most often use:

polyethylene film;
special film (lightproof, hydrophilic, light-stabilized, etc.);
glass;
cellular polycarbonate;
agrofibre.

Greenhouses can be covered with any material, greenhouses are most often covered with foil. This is related to the fact that dimensions greenhouses do not make it possible to organize vents for ventilation, which is necessary. The film is easier than glass or polycarbonate to remove and put back into place.

Polyethylene film is a versatile covering material suitable for both greenhouses and greenhouses.

Polycarbonate lasts from five to ten years, the film must be replaced every two to three years and removed for the winter. There are special, so-called copolymer films, which serve for five to seven years without dismantling for winter period. In regions where winters are not very snowy, you can leave a film coating for the winter. Films are the most inexpensive material.

Frame materials

For arches and frame parts apply:

metal profile or pipes;
wood;
plastic pipes.

Greenhouses require a more reliable and durable frame, so metal pipes are used to make arches and ceilings. Reliable manufacturing companies produce frames made of steel pipes. To protect against corrosion and rust, galvanizing or powder coating is used. There are manufacturers who use special paints that protect metal parts.

Wood can be used to build both types of cultivation structures. The problem is that it rots and cracks under the influence of moisture, so wooden beams must be coated with special varnishes. Also, the tree deteriorates from contact with the soil. Greenhouses with a wooden frame are most often glazed. Greenhouses made of this material can also be covered with a film.

For the manufacture of greenhouse frames, more inexpensive materials are used: light hollow metal pipes, often plastic. The latter bend well and are light in weight, so they are great for creating greenhouses. For arcs, durable pipes made of polyethylene (HDPE) are often used, which are resistant to UV radiation and are not subject to corrosion, and are inexpensive. Fiberglass reinforcement is also used.

Greenhouses based on a wooden frame are usually glazed

Features of the organization of internal space

Inside the greenhouse there can be high beds, as well as special racks. Usually, in a building 300 cm wide, two beds are arranged with a passage between them, if desired, three rows of beds with narrow paths can be made. In greenhouses, plants are planted directly on the ground. In both types of structures, it is possible, and sometimes necessary, to mulch the soil. For these purposes, peat, sawdust, compost, or synthetic materials such as agrofibre are used.

Which building to choose for your site

To a greater extent, the choice depends on two points: the crop you are going to grow and your financial capabilities.

If the budget is tight and you want to grow early vegetables from mid-spring, then choose a greenhouse. After harvesting, it can be easily dismantled from the site until next year, freeing up beds for growing other plants. Film greenhouse is the most inexpensive option.

For growing cucumbers vertically (on trellises), tall tomatoes, it is better to purchase a greenhouse. The most inexpensive option is a metal structure covered with a light-transmitting polyethylene film. Structures covered with polycarbonate sheet are already more expensive. Their frame is made of galvanized steel. Buildings are resistant to snowy winters, do not deform from strong winds and hail.

Greenhouses with polycarbonate coating are not only reliable, but also aesthetically attractive.

It should be noted that in the past few years, combined products have also appeared on the market. These options include polycarbonate-coated greenhouses that have side windows for ventilation. In such greenhouses, plants are able to withstand more than low temperature"overboard". Their frame is also made of reliable metal pipes. Such structures can already be installed on a brick or concrete foundation or on a wooden base.

Modern greenhouse with polycarbonate coating "Zucchini"

With the increasing popularity of self-growing vegetables, the offer of producers is also developing. In today's environment, the differences between greenhouses and greenhouses are blurred. Most characteristic difference only the height of the structure remains.

A greenhouse, greenhouse and other similar structures in a summer cottage will provide summer residents with the opportunity to get a rich harvest. Many people want to grow a lot of different healthy vegetables and herbs in their garden during the summer season in order to know exactly what they were processed with and not risk their health. Only grow in our climate zone not everything is so easy. Cold Spring, changeable weather until summer does not allow growing some particularly capricious crops in completely open ground.

Constructions such as a greenhouse, a greenhouse come to the exit, allowing you to wait for the ripeness of the fruits in any weather. To determine what is best to install in your garden, you first need to find out how a greenhouse differs from a greenhouse.

A greenhouse is a relatively small structure for undersized vegetables, which any summer resident can build without problems. Often used for growing seedlings in the early cold season of spring. Can be used only in the first stage of plant growth, and can be used throughout the summer season if crops need to be created more comfortable conditions if the summer resident cannot cover heat-loving plants from heavy rain, hail, temperature fluctuations.

Cucumbers, zucchini, radishes, and lettuce are grown in greenhouses. Cucumbers, for example, love to be cared for carefully.

It bends in the form of arcs from several steel rods (to get an arch no more than 70 cm high), covered with polyethylene on top.

The greenhouse may not provide for full life cycle plants: as soon as unstable weather and the risk of frost recede, gardeners can transplant into open ground or remove the greenhouse arcs, and the crops ripen in an open garden. The greenhouse receives heat for growing plants by greenhouse effect: the sun's rays heat the polyethylene coating, and a greenhouse effect is created from the presence of humus and different kind organic fertilizers.

A greenhouse is a stationary structure with a wooden or metal frame, in which various crops are well grown, including tall ones. Greenhouses can be equipped with heating and irrigation systems.

There is another version of the greenhouse, where the frame is made of wood, but it requires more careful maintenance: antiseptic treatment and painting.

The cheapest coating option is film, it lasts no more than 2-3 seasons, and its thermal insulation is much worse.

The plastic film is attached to the frame in the warm season, and removed and cleaned in the winter. It is much more practical to install sheets of cellular polycarbonate, they are affordable in price (albeit more expensive than a film). Polycarbonate withstands even winter temperatures, transmits light well, retains heat, is durable, flexible, light and easy to use.

There is only one drawback in such greenhouses - condensate can accumulate in the cavities of the panels, so the seams in such greenhouses must be sealed. Sheets of glass are also used as a coating, in this case all seams must also be sealed, but glass is inferior in some properties to polycarbonate.

In more complex massive greenhouses, in addition to the heating system, it is possible to install an irrigation and ventilation system. In such greenhouses, you can harvest all year round, regardless of the time of year.

How to choose material for a greenhouse (video)

Differences between a greenhouse and a greenhouse

What is the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse? What is better to choose for construction on a summer cottage? What is the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse:

By design. At the greenhouse, it is more voluminous and more complicated, sometimes it provides for the installation of a foundation.
Mobility. The greenhouse cannot be so easily moved from place to place, but the greenhouse is very easy.
Heating. The greenhouse is not heated. The greenhouse may have a water, steam or electric heating system.
Purpose. The greenhouse is designed for growing or seedlings on early stages, or undersized capricious care crops. The greenhouse is adapted to grow tall crops throughout the season from seed planting to harvest.
Value. The greenhouse is usually opened and closed from the outside. The greenhouse is adapted for entry inside, equipped with doors.
Price. Naturally, summing up all the previous points, we can talk about the much higher cost of the greenhouse and the high labor costs during its installation.

The choice of one or another structure depends on what types of plants will grow on the site.

In addition to significant differences, a greenhouse and a greenhouse have a lot in common already by definition and intended purpose.

General Purpose:

A greenhouse or greenhouse has a frame that is covered with a protective material (in the case of a greenhouse, it is polyethylene, in the case of a greenhouse, silicone glass, film or cellular polycarbonate).
The cover serves the same thermal effect, to create a microclimate suitable for growing and/or maturing plants.
The roof of both the greenhouse and the greenhouse looks like an arch. This is done on purpose so that the water that gets on the roof flows down without any problems.

Nowadays, there are two main types of greenhouse structures - these are hotbeds and greenhouses. There are many reasons why people began to use greenhouses and greenhouses in their households. Here are just a few of them:

growing seedlings;
preservation of plants from bad weather;
cultivation of plant species that are not characteristic of a particular area.

These designs have so long and firmly entered the everyday life of the gardener that they have become almost synonymous. However, this is not so: there are differences between a greenhouse and a greenhouse, and they are quite noticeable.

History of greenhouses

Initially, gardeners used greenhouses. These were small rooms of simple design, covered with glass frames. They were no more than half a meter in height, and the heat in the building was due to sunlight and horse manure scattered on the beds, in which seedlings were planted in the spring.

History of greenhouses

The history of greenhouses is much more interesting. The greenhouses served as the prototype for these structures. The first samples of glass greenhouses with stove heating appeared in France at the end of the sixteenth century. They grew various exotic plants that were not adapted to climatic conditions this country. Over time, greenhouses began to be replaced with glass greenhouses. They were similar to modern designs, had a metal frame and were generally very heavy.

Updating the appearance of greenhouses occurred with the invention of polyethylene film. It significantly lightened the weight of the entire structure, and was not inferior in strength to glass. In the construction of modern greenhouses, glass is practically not used; in addition to the film, it was replaced by spunbond and cellular polycarbonate.

What is a greenhouse?

A greenhouse is a small room that is used to grow seedlings and protect them from sudden changes in temperature and other negative weather conditions. Due to the small enclosed space, the air in the greenhouse warms up quickly, thus, the design protects the seedlings from spring frosts. Its main characteristics are:

Small height - up to one hundred and thirty centimeters.
Heating in greenhouses, as a rule, is not used, they are heated at the expense of solar energy and the heat generated organic matter such as manure or humus.
Greenhouses are most often used for growing early varieties plants. As the seedlings grow, they are transplanted into open ground.
The greenhouse is a mobile structure, if necessary, it can be placed anywhere on the site.
There are no doors in greenhouses; for access to plants, it is removed completely or, depending on the design, only the side or top part.
The construction of a greenhouse does not require professional skills and tools.
The greenhouse is used periodically, usually in the spring.
The cost of using a greenhouse is either minimal or non-existent.

What is a greenhouse?

Greenhouses differ from greenhouses in terms of appearance and according to the functions performed.

The height of the greenhouse, as a rule, varies from two to five meters. Greenhouses of an industrial nature are of great height and can accommodate agricultural machinery, and on summer cottages, most often they put ready-made or build small structures.
The simplest greenhouses are heated only by solar heat, however, there are buildings that use autonomous electric, gas or water heating which makes it possible to grow even tropical plants. There are also installations that can automatically maintain the level of humidity in the air and soil, as well as the level of the required temperature in the greenhouse.
The greenhouse provides for the entire cycle of plant growth, which means that there is no need to transplant them into open ground.
A greenhouse is a stationary structure that is often installed on a foundation.
The greenhouse has doors and, depending on the design, vents in the roof or in the walls.
To build a greenhouse, as a rule, you need the help of professionals who can provide for all the details and nuances.
The greenhouse can be used all year round.
The cost of heating and maintaining a greenhouse is very significant.

Differences

Based on all of the above, we can say that a greenhouse differs from a greenhouse:

structural stability and large sizes;
the presence of heating;
longer or year-round use;
higher maintenance costs.

There is no unequivocal answer to the question: what is needed a greenhouse or a greenhouse? It all depends on your requirements for the harvest, the climate of the area and financial possibilities. Now you know how a greenhouse differs from a greenhouse and you can choose what suits you.

No matter how we say that a dacha is needed for recreation, for most, a dacha is, first of all, a garden. If there is a garden, then there will be a struggle for the harvest. Irreplaceable helpers in increasing yields are hotbeds and greenhouses. In this article, we will try to give an answer, which is better, a greenhouse or a greenhouse for country use.

Let's start with the main one. A greenhouse and a greenhouse are two structures that are similar in appearance, but completely different in purpose and operation. Now in detail.

The purpose of the greenhouse and greenhouse

The purpose of both the greenhouse and the greenhouse is to cover the planting soil from precipitation and wind, while providing access to solar energy to the soil to warm it up. These simple appointments and greenhouses and greenhouses serve the same purpose, to improve yields. planting material and accelerate its maturation. Despite the similar purpose of a greenhouse and a greenhouse, they have fundamental differences to be taken into account when choosing them.

Greenhouse

A greenhouse is a light covering structure, without artificial heating, designed to warm the soil only due to sunlight. Sunlight, penetrating through the transparent surface of the covering material of the greenhouse, naturally warms up the covered soil. In addition, the heat released from the natural decomposition of organic matter added to the soil will not "volatilize" into environment, but remains inside the greenhouse, creating a micro-greenhouse effect.

There are three distinctive features of the greenhouse:

Small design size;
No external heat source;
Lightweight and portable design.

The use of a greenhouse on your site will not allow you to grow vegetables and seedlings all year round, however, the ripening of the crop under the greenhouse is much faster.

Greenhouse

In a greenhouse, unlike a greenhouse, artificial heating is used, and a more fundamental covering material is used. By design, the greenhouse is more fundamental, not portable, and is often made with a solid, albeit not large, foundation.

The covering material of the greenhouse is no longer a film, but glass or polycarbonate. For heating, all possible heating systems are used, logically linked to the heating of the house or independent of them. They heat greenhouses with wood, gas, diesel fuel. Thanks to the planned heating, the crop in the greenhouse can be harvested all year round.

But all good things do not go unpunished, and the greenhouse has several drawbacks:

Independent heating of a greenhouse is expensive, and often, if not always, the cost of heating a greenhouse exceeds its profitability, unless you are growing vegetables for sale.

The greenhouse requires serious operating costs, namely:

The soil in the greenhouse needs to be changed periodically;
Due to the humidity and temperature of the greenhouse structure, it is necessary to constantly decontaminate;
Greenhouses are not ventilated and work in them is difficult due to fertilizer vapors floating in the air.

Conclusions, what is better greenhouse or greenhouse

As you probably understood, a greenhouse and a greenhouse are completely different designs, although they have a similar purpose. The answer to the question of what is better than a greenhouse or a greenhouse simply does not exist. Both the greenhouse and the greenhouse are good for their own unique tasks that you need to determine yourself.

Greenhouses and greenhouses are buildings designed for growing and sheltering seedlings from external adverse conditions in order to obtain a crop. What to prefer: a greenhouse or a greenhouse - we will try to find out.

Before building a greenhouse or a greenhouse on your site, you need to decide what you want to get as a result: do you expect to collect a rich harvest of vegetables and berries all year round, or do you just want to protect seedlings from protracted frosts at the first stages of cultivation.

Many novice gardeners, and even more so people who have nothing to do with the earth, confuse these two concepts: a greenhouse and a greenhouse. Some believe that the difference between these two buildings lies in the different approach in their construction. Others believe that the only difference is the size of the building being built. Let's deal with this: what is the difference between greenhouses and hotbeds.

Greenhouse

It's heated natural springs(sun, biofuel) a protective structure, in most cases a small-sized one, used for growing seedlings for the purpose of their subsequent planting in open ground. Greenhouses are not intended for the full development cycle of such early crops as radish, lettuce and others. In early spring due to the emerging greenhouse effect, seeds can be planted in a greenhouse as early as March.

But in the summer it gets too hot, the plants "burn". To achieve a good harvest, the greenhouse will have to be constantly opened and closed. For a summer resident who does not live permanently in the country, this is quite troublesome, and sometimes impossible.

Greenhouse

Refers to heated structures of protected ground. It is possible to grow plants in it from the moment of sowing seeds to their subsequent transplantation to open areas. But in most cases, cultivated plants grow in it until they receive a crop, and sometimes several. In the case of year-round use of the greenhouse, it is covered with glass or cellular polycarbonate. Gas, water, and electricity can act as a heat source in it. The soil in the greenhouse is no longer heated by biofuels: manure and humus, but by conducting electric wire rows inside it. It can be equipped with a regulator temperature regime, plant watering system and lighting.

Of course, greenhouses are much more convenient and functional than greenhouses. But the costs here will be corresponding. Perhaps, for a small farm, where a garden and a vegetable garden already require a lot of cash costs and physical strength, a greenhouse will not bring economic benefit. In terms of financial capabilities, this protective structure is more suitable for private entrepreneurs. For ordinary gardeners, a greenhouse will be indispensable: there is no need to spend money on holding and paying for artificial heating sources. But it will be extremely difficult to grow heat-loving plants in a greenhouse.

Both wooden and metal structures can serve as a material for a greenhouse. It depends on personal preference. You just need to remember that wood is more decorative and has poor thermal conductivity. But metal structures made of galvanized steel are very practical: they do not require exhausting repairs, they are strong and durable enough.