List of countries with names in their official languages. Alphabetical list of countries and territories Outlying countries of the world
The world is changing rapidly, as is the number of states in it. From this article you can find out how many countries there are in the world in 2020. Now total is 251 units.
Difference of countries and states
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The concept of "country" is much broader than the concept of "state". The state differs from the country in that it has its own authorities, national symbols, currency, control center, laws.
In order for a country to become a state, it must be recognized by all UN members, of which there are 193, and 2 observer members - the Holy See (Vatican) and Palestine.
A country is a territory that has physical-historical, cultural, geographical or cultural boundaries, which are either clearly fixed or blurred.
There are several types of countries:
- historical regions.
- cultural areas.
- Physical-geographical countries.
- Political (territories of independent states).
State - political form organization of society, which is managed public authority and has a government apparatus to which all its inhabitants are subject.
Always independent and sovereign. But a country can be both sovereign and dependent.
Consider their differences:
| Country | State |
| Lack of power as such | The presence of a system of power |
| Geographical and cultural features | Political features |
| May be ruled by other states | Always sovereign and independent |
| There may be no capital | There is always a capital |
| Passport may be missing | Having a passport |
| National currency - not always | National currency is the main advantage |
A country is a broader concept because it includes all the inhabited territories of the Earth, and states have more powers, but they must be recognized by the world community.
sovereign territories
Sovereign state - has a well-defined territory, a permanent population, its own power, independence from other countries, has the right to enter into international organizations and participate in the international distribution of labor.
On the this moment, there are 195 such sovereign entities in the world. By continent they were distributed as follows:
Top 10 largest states by area:
Top 10 largest by population:
| State | Population mln/person | Capital | Largest cities |
| China | 1398 | Beijing | Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu |
| India | 1328 | New Delhi | New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata |
| USA | 326 | Washington | Washington, New York, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, Boston, Miami |
| indinesia | 261 | Jakarta | Jakarta, Manado, Pontianak |
| Pakistan | 211 | Islamabad | Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi |
| Brazil | 208 | Brasilia | Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Curitiba |
| Nigeria | 193 | Abuja | Abuja, Lagos, Ibadan |
| Bangladesh | 208 | Dhaka | Dhaka, Chittagong |
| Russia | 146 | Moscow | Moscow, St. Petersburg, Irkutsk, Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Krasnodar, Rostov |
| Japan | 126 | Tokyo | Tokyo, Kyoto, Yokohama, Sapporo, Osaka |
Among the sovereign powers, there are 19 kingdoms:
- Bahrain.
- Belgium.
- Butane.
- Great Britain.
- Denmark.
- Jordan.
- Spain.
- Cambodia.
- Malaysia.
- Sweden.
- Tonga.
- Thailand.
- Monaco.
- Morocco.
- Lesotho.
- Swaziland.
- Saudi Arabia.
- Norway.
- Netherlands.
Unrecognized republics
The unrecognized republics are general definition territories that have independently declared themselves an independent state and have power, have a territory, but have not received international recognition.
The territory of the unrecognized republics may be under the control of one or more independent states.
There is a classification of unrecognized state formations:
| Partially recognized |
|
| Partially recognized states that control part of the land |
|
| Unrecognized states |
|
Lands of undetermined status
Territories with an undetermined status are those lands where the state power of another country is partially recognized, or captured during military operations and not recognized, or partially recognized by the UN.
Territories with an undetermined status are:
- Palestine.
- West Sahara.
- Sealand.
- Order of Malta.
- Bir Tawil.
- Abkhazia.
- Kosovo.
- South Ossetia.
- SADR.
- Somaliland.
- Azawad.
- Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
- Mary Bird Land.
- Antarctica.
Dependencies
A dependent territory is that part of the land on which a certain people lives and submits to another metropolitan state.
Such territories have neither political nor economic power. There are 58 such lands in the world.
by the most big lands are the islands:
- Greenland;
- Svalbard;
- Puerto Rico;
- Faroe islands;
- New Caledonia.
Most dependent territories have:
- Great Britain (17);
- Australia.
- France.
- Netherlands.
Features of the Vatican
The area of the Vatican is only 44 hectares. In addition, it is located in the vicinity of Rome, and is considered a city-state, and at the same time an enclave.
An enclave is a territory surrounded on all sides by another state. Such city-states are still considered Singapore, Monaco and Hong Kong.
An interesting fact is that in addition to the Vatican, there are 3 more enclaves - San Marino (in the same Italy), as well as Swaziland and Lesotho (both are in South Africa).
Another name for the Vatican is the Holy See. The population of this country is 932 people.Interesting facts about the Vatican:
- length railway 0.86 km;
- The President lives in the Lateran Palace;
- in the Vatican there are 3000 rooms, most of them are open to the average layman. The most famous hall is the Sistine Chapel;
- the country is guarded by soldiers from Luxembourg;
- Peter's Basilica was built here.
Video: interesting information
There are 251 countries in the world, of which 195 sovereign states. Political world is constantly changing, and therefore in the coming years, the formation of new and the disappearance of old ones is not excluded.
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