Presentation "natural features of the middle Urals". Southern Urals Flora of the Middle Urals
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Natural conditions largely determine the direct impact on the resettlement of people, their lives, occupations, health, and the location of production. Due to its large meridional extent, the Urals are distinguished by contrasting natural conditions. The degree of favorable natural conditions
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Element Hurricane winds Return of frosts Avalanches and landslides The contrasting nature of the Urals contributes to the emergence of various natural disasters on its territory. Fires Severe frosts Flash floods Drought Exit 1. Happen annually in summer in forests and steppes 2. Happen almost everywhere in winter 3. Spring element on rivers 4. Often in summer in the Southern steppe Urals 5. This element blows roofs and breaks trees 6. Can happen in summer , when no one is waiting anymore 7. Possible in the highlands of the Urals Determine the natural phenomena in the Urals according to the prompts: Students are asked to determine what natural phenomena are possible in different regions of the Urals. To do this, alternately click on the hint rectangles. Pictures and clues will open
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exit Resources http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/UralOb.png - map of the Ural Mountains http://www.gazetairkutsk.ru/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/holodno.jpg - photo of severe frost http://foto-runeta.ucoz.ru/_ph/22/113260687.jpg - photo of fire http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGC/StaticFiles/Images/Show/25xx/254x/ 2540_Most_Extreme_Jobs-2_04700300.jpg - avalanche photo http://lib.a-grande.ru/navig/inzer1/in9.jpg - Ural mountain photo http://www.alpclub.ur.ru/alp/uvk/2009/tag /gg.jpg - photo of climbers at the top http://www.photocity.ru/Album147/00006.jpg - photo of Ural Mountain http://www.contreinfo.info/IMG/arton1662.jpg - photo of drought http:// wroom.ru/userimg/forum/1278273100.jpg - photo squally wind http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/3006/tatianatr.b/0_2496c_1a045047_XL - photo return of frosts http://zstore.zman.com/ images/2008/03/16/9fd827703845db588e70e4f0e9e6c4fc.jpg - flood photo http://selhozpostavka.com.ua/pic/catalog/catalog_info_3_473.jpg - harvester photo http://g eo-ural.narod.ru/IMG_4.JPG - photo mountain river http://www.naftan.by/img2/gallery/15.jpg - photo Ural plant http://pregions.od.ua/upload/images/img_1238494807.jpg - photo in the mine http://www.southural.ru/photos/photos/3549.jpg - photo of the meander of the river http://img-2006- 12.photosight.ru/01/1794666.jpg - photo of the southern Ural http://www.polarural.narod.ru/ural/mount/m15.jpg - photo of the Urals http://festival.1september.ru/files/articles /55/5598/559823/f_clip_image002.jpg - photo of the Trans-Urals http://img-2003-10.photosight.ru/06/316340.jpg - photo of the northern Ural Atlas physical geography Russia 8th grade. - M .: "AST-Press", 2001
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Nature of the Urals Presentation for a geography lesson Grade 8
The Urals is a geographical region in Russia and Kazakhstan, stretching between the East European and West Siberian plains. The main part of this region is the Ural mountain system. The Urals is located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia and is the border between these regions. stone belt The Urals and the adjacent elevated plains of the Cis-Urals stretch from the shores of the Arctic Ocean in the north to the semi-desert regions of Kazakhstan in the south: for more than 2500 km they separate the East European and West Siberian plains.
From natural resources Ural essential have it mineral resources. Ural has long been the largest mining and metallurgical base countries. And in the extraction of some mineral ores, the Urals ranks first in the world. Placers of gold and deposits of platinum were found in the mountains, and precious stones were found on the eastern slope.
A couple of centuries ago animal world was richer than now. Plowing, hunting, deforestation have displaced and destroyed the habitats of many animals. Disappeared (hamsters, field mice) In the north, you can meet the inhabitants of the tundra - reindeer, and in the south, typical inhabitants of the steppes - marmots, shrews, snakes and lizards. Forests are inhabited by predators: brown bears, wolves, wolverines, foxes, sables, ermines, lynxes. Ungulates (moose, deer, roe deer, etc.) and birds are found in them various kinds. Otters and beavers are found along the river valleys. Acclimatization was successfully carried out in the Ilmensky Reserve sika deer muskrat, beaver, deer, muskrat, raccoon dog, American mink, Barguzin sable are also settled.
Ural mountains consist of low ridges and massifs. The highest of them, rising above 1200-1500 m, are located in the Subpolar (Mount Narodnaya - 1895 m), Northern (Mount Telposiz - 1617 m) and Southern (Mount Yamantau - 1640 m) Urals. The massifs of the Middle Urals are much lower, usually not higher than 600-800 m. The western and eastern foothills of the Urals and the foothill plains are often dissected by deep river valleys, there are many rivers in the Urals and in the Urals.
Rivers and Lakes Rivers belong to the basins of the Arctic Ocean (on the western slope - Pechora with Usa, on the east - Tobol, Iset, Tura, Lozva, Northern Sosva, belonging to the Ob system) and the Caspian Sea (Kama with Chusovaya and Belaya; Ural River) .
Cities of the Urals There are many versions of the origin of the toponym "Ural". An analysis of the language contacts of the first Russian settlers in the region indicates that the toponym, in all likelihood, was acquired from the Bashkir language. Indeed, of all the peoples of the Urals, this name has existed since ancient times only among the Bashkirs, and is supported at the level of the language, legends and traditions of this people (epos Ural-batyr). Other indigenous peoples of the Urals (Khanty, Mansi, Udmurts, Komi) have other traditional names for the Ural Mountains, assimilating the name "Ural" only in the 19th-20th centuries from the Russian language.
"Bashkortostan republic" - 2.8% of the population of Russia lives on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The composition of the Republic of Belarus. Oil refinery. Bashkortostan is a multinational republic. The banking system of the republic has 15 credit organizations. The remaining nationalities together make up 10.4% of the population of Bashkortostan.
"Fauna of the Urals" - Otters and beavers meet along the river valleys. Ungulates (moose, deer, roe deer, etc.) and birds of various species are found in them. Fauna of the Urals. On the other hand, rodents (hamsters, field mice) spread on the plowed lands. A couple of centuries ago, the animal world was richer than it is now. Wild horses, saigas, bustards, little bustards have disappeared.
"The peculiarity of the nature of the Urals" - Subpolar Urals. In the Southern Urals, mining of iron, copper ores, asbestos. Inhabitants of the Polar Urals. The subpolar Urals are distinguished by the highest heights of the ridges. Lemming. Rock "Stone Tent". Minerals of the Middle Urals. The highest peak of the Northern Urals is Mount Telpos-Iz (1617 m). Ural.
"UER" - The population of the UER. Bashkortostan Chelyabinsk region Ural economic region. G.P. P.I. Ural mountains Live nature. Ural and Ural economic region. Mining natural resources. Ural mountains. To the south, the number of altitudinal zones increases. U E R Composition. Permian. Mound. Relief, tectonics.
"Kamensk-Uralsky" - L. Sorokin. History and sights of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky. Kamensk-Uralsky is one of the oldest industrial cities in the Urals. Kamensk-Uralsky is included in the list of historical cities of Russia. Mount Bogatyrek. Monuments of nature. Railroad bridge. October 15, 1701. Rock Stone Gate - business card cities.
"Ural District" - Ilmensky Reserve. Mineral. The total length of all cave passages is 5km 600m. Asbestos. Population. Nizhny Tagil. 4. Severo-Uralsk. Forests are rich in furs, medicinal raw materials, mushrooms. Very large forest resources Ural. The purpose of the lesson: The age of the cave is about 10-12 thousand years.
In total there are 8 presentations in the topic
Middle Ural located in the lowlands of the Ural Mountains. It is bounded by Konzhakovsky Kamen and mountains Yurma and Oslyanka. The Middle Urals are more mastered by man than the North.
The sights of the Middle Urals are not only its geographical features. Tourists come here to visit the granite rocks of Peter Gronsky, old mansions and watchtowers.
The city of Kushva is also interesting to people, because it is the center of mining.
The Middle Urals is the place where the famous writer D.N. Mamin-Siberian.
Flora of the Middle Urals
The Middle Urals is a zone of endless forests. Warmer areas are favorable for forest-steppes.
In the forests, pines, spruces and firs are most often found. And leafy representatives tree species are birch and aspen. The undergrowth of these zones are juniper, raspberry, alder and currant. And in the undergrowth pine forests honeysuckle, wolf's bast and currant are often found.
The Middle Urals is located between the Northern, where the taiga reigns, and the Southern, where a large number of plant species.
The Middle Urals is famous folk medicine. Many herbs of these places are used for medicinal purposes, for example, clover, forest balsam, Tibetan lofan, barberry, henbane, wintergreen, cranberry, fragrant chamomile and others.
Many plants are listed in the Red Book of the Middle Urals. Some of them are: alpine aster, solar clausia, Ural yaskola, needle-leaved carnation, Permian astragalus, Ural thyme, northern flax, marsh dremlik and many others. Also, fern species are on the verge of extinction - elegant and Asian woodsia and wall-mounted ossicles. Of the mushrooms in the Red Book of the Middle Urals are listed - northern climacodon, felt tinder fungus, odorous haploporus and others.
Fauna of the Middle Urals
The fauna of the Middle Urals consists mainly of species that can live in conditions coniferous forests. For example, wolverine, sable, weasel, chipmunk, hazel grouse and black grouse.
Wooded areas are the habitat of wolves, foxes, ermines and weasels. Less often here you can meet vipers, snakes, viviparous lizards and grass frogs.
Otters, minks and water voles live along the rivers. Here, on lakes and swamps, you can find mallards, geese, pintails and teals. Also, swamps are a habitat for snipes, great snipes, woodcocks and partridges.
In broad-leaved forests, there are much more inhabitants than in taiga. Hedgehogs, forest polecats, badgers, hare - all these animals are the main species representing the fauna of the Middle Urals. Birds include nightingales, orioles, finches, siskins, goldfinches, starlings and rooks. And from amphibians there are non-venomous snakes, toads and newts.
Forest-steppe zones are suitable for life and reproduction of various squirrels, capercaillie and white hares. And in the open steppe spaces there are ground squirrels, jerboas and hamsters. Also, these zones are suitable for the life of many birds - larks, partridges, spotted eagles and saker eagles. The quick lizard is the main representative of the reptiles of the forest-steppe zone.
The taiga of the Middle Urals is suitable for the life of game animals - sable, column and martens. It was in the Urals that these animals formed a kind of symbiosis with each other, this species was called kidus. Also game animals are squirrels, chipmunks, foxes and white hares.
There are practically no large animals in the Middle Urals, they live in northern regions where there are no people. It is very rare to see a moose.
Many animals of these places are included in the Red Book of the Middle Urals. Under special supervision are endangered species: muskrat, common hedgehog, mink, ushlan, pond and water bats. Of the representatives of birds, the black stork is protected.
Climate in the Middle Urals
Spring in the Middle Urals passes very quickly. The duration of this season is about 1-1.5 months. Until the summer, night frosts are kept here, while the daytime temperature rises slightly above zero.
The summer of the Middle Urals is quite warm, but rainy. Closer to the south, precipitation is less frequent, and the air temperature can warm up to +20 degrees.
Autumn lasts about 2 months, from September to the end of October. It is characterized by heavy precipitation in the form of rain and a decrease in temperature. In November, the first snow falls in the Middle Urals, and winter sets in.
Winter is the longest and coldest season in the Middle Urals. In January average temperature is -15 degrees, and sometimes it drops to -40 degrees. The snow cover falls already at the end of November and lasts until mid-April.
Geographical position The territory of the Urals is located between the great rivers Volga-Kama and Ob-Irtysh. From west to east, the Urals are conditionally divided into three parts. The first part is the Western Urals, or Cis-Urals, Cis-Urals. Here the western foothills of the Ural Mountains gradually pass into the Russian Plain. The second part is the Ural Range, or the Ural Mountains. The Ural Range from north to south is divided into Polar, Subpolar, Northern, Middle and Southern. The third part is the Trans-Urals. The eastern slope of the Ural Range breaks off with a ledge into the West Siberian Lowland.
Relief In the relief of the Urals, two bands of foothills (western and eastern) and a system of mountain ranges located between them, elongated parallel to each other in a submeridional direction, corresponding to the strike of tectonic zones, are clearly distinguished. There may be two or three such ridges, but in some places their number increases, up to six or eight. The ridges are separated from each other by extensive depressions along which rivers flow. As a rule, ridges correspond to anticlinal folds composed of older and more durable rocks, while depressions correspond to synclinal ones.
The Ural Mountains are located in the north-west of Russia. They lie between the East European and West Siberian plains. The length of the Ural Range is more than 2000 kilometers, the width is from 40 to 150 km. The highest point of the Urals is Mount Narodnaya (1895 m.). The Ural Mountains were formed in the late Paleozoic during the era of intensive mountain building (Hercynian folding). The formation of the Ural mountain system began in the late Devonian (about 350 million years ago) and ended in the Triassic (about 200 million years ago). In ancient sources, the Ural Mountains are called the Riphean or Hyperborean mountains. Russian pioneers called it Stone, under the name Ural these mountains were first mentioned in Russian sources at the end of the 17th century.
Climate The climate of the Urals is typical mountainous; Precipitation is unevenly distributed not only over the regions, but also within each region. The West Siberian Plain is a territory with severe continental climate; in the meridional direction, its continentality increases much less sharply than on the Russian Plain. Mountain climate Western Siberia less continental than the climate of the West Siberian Plain. Interestingly, within the same zone on the plains of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals natural conditions noticeably different. This is explained by the fact that the Ural Mountains serve as a kind of climatic barrier. To the west of them, more precipitation falls, the climate is more humid and mild; to the east, that is, beyond the Urals, there is less precipitation, the climate is drier, with pronounced continental features. The climate of the Urals is varied. The mountains are stretched for 2000 km in the meridional direction, and the northern part of the Urals is located in the Arctic and receives solar radiation much less than southern part Ural, located south of 55 degrees north latitude.
Northern Urals This region is wider and higher than the Middle Urals (up to 1600 m). The area is located in mountain zone covered with forests. The climate is more severe. The area is sparsely populated. The Pechoro-Ilychsky and Vishera (the fourth largest in Europe) reserves are located in the Northern Urals. There are a lot of berries and mushrooms in the forests, fish is well caught in the rivers. Tourist routes pass through uninhabited areas in full autonomy.
Central Urals This is the narrowest and lowest (up to 1000 m) part of the Urals. The area is located in the zone of coniferous forests (spruce, pine, larch). The Middle Urals is densely populated, the transport network and industry are developed, and business tourism is widely developed.
Southern Urals This is the widest part of the Urals. The eastern slopes are characterized by forest-steppe with numerous lakes, the western slopes up to a height of 1200 m are covered with forest, in the southern part - the steppe. In July and August, the clearest and warm weather. Karst phenomena are developed on the western slope. The area is densely populated, with well-developed rail and road communications.
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