CIS countries and their capitals - map, list, in English. CIS: countries and composition of the organization Map Russian Federation CIS countries

Suddenly began to sort through the memory of the countries that she visited in last years. And I was even surprised: their list almost completely coincides with the composition of the CIS. So a couple more years to travel - and I’ll definitely visit all of them. Then the question of which countries are part of the CIS, will be an extra reason for me to scroll through the photo album.

Which states are part of the CIS

For many, many years many countries were actually united into one huge state. Yes, it's about Soviet Union.

And even after the collapse of the USSR, these aboutrelationships needed to be maintained- all the same years joint work you just can't write it off. And some countries decided to unite in the CIS - the Commonwealth Independent States to continue to help each other.

Here up-to-date and full list Commonwealth countries:

Former members of the CIS

There are other countries that are associated with the Commonwealth of Independent States. It will not be superfluous to mention them too. After all, in the past they took an active part in resolving issues of the Commonwealth.

In particular, these are countries that were part of the CIS before but at some point decided to leave it. There are two such countries Ukraine and Georgia. Ukraine withdrew from the CIS just recently, last year. Georgia began the withdrawal process in 2008 and ended in 2009.

Cause banal - political disagreements. In particular, with Russia, the largest and one of the most significant countries of the Commonwealth.

Unrecognized countries

There is a special category of states - unrecognized and partially recognized. In order to h In order for a country to be considered recognized, its independence must be confirmed by other states. If the majority votes in favor, only then will the country become a full-fledged political player.

But there are countries that did not pass the vote - and remain so far unrecognized. Some of them claim to join the CIS - Abkhazia, Tatarstan, NKR and a number of other states. Some don't even exist today.

The population of the capitals of the CIS countries

The capitals of the CIS countries are represented by fairly large cities, in seven of them the population exceeds 1 million people (and if we take the city of Almaty - until 1996 - the former capital of Kazakhstan, then in eight), in four - from 500 thousand to 1 million, and only the population of the new capital of Kazakhstan - the city of Astana is a little less than 500 thousand inhabitants. However, there were reports that the population of Astana has already exceeded 500,000 people, and given that the city is experiencing a rather intensive migration influx of the population, its further growth should be expected.

In many Commonwealth countries, capitals absolutely dominate other cities, concentrating up to 52.5% of the countries' urban population (Chisinau). Only in the capitals of Ukraine and Russia, as well as the already mentioned Astana, 8.0, 8.1 and 5.9 of the urban population are concentrated, respectively.

In terms of population density, Moscow and Tashkent stand out - 7.8 and 7.1 thousand inhabitants per 1 km 2 of the territory, respectively. In Astana, the population density is an order of magnitude lower - 0.7 thousand, and it is slightly higher in Baku (Table 1).

2) According to the 2001 census
3) 1996
4) 1999
5) October 20, 1997 Astana was declared the capital Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty is the most major city republics
6) The actual population.
7) 2001

According to the indicators of natural movement, the population of the capitals of the Commonwealth countries is somewhat different from the entire population of their countries. The total fertility rate in them is everywhere lower than in the entire population, which is not surprising: if there are no significant deformations of age structures, the birth rate is higher in countryside. Influence age structure makes itself felt in Belarus: in 1989 in Minsk, the total fertility rate was higher than in the entire population, primarily because there is a higher proportion of the population at young ages, and rural population Republic, as a result of migratory "washout" of young ages, they are much older.

Table 2. Birth, death and natural increase of the population (per 1000 population)

1) Data for the respective city and its subordinate settlements
2) 2000
3) Without data on the territory of the left bank of the river. Dniester and Bendery
4) 1999
5) 1995

At the same time, in 2001, in comparison with 1989, the difference in the birth rate between the population of the capitals and the entire population of the countries decreased. So, in 1989 in Tajikistan it reached 15.9 per 1000 (not in favor of the capital), in Uzbekistan - 12.8 per 1000, in Kyrgyzstan - 12.6 per 1000 (less in other countries), and in 2001 decreased to 1.0 5.9 and 6.7 per 1000, respectively (Fig. 1). A major role in this case, apparently, was played by the departure of the Russians and the so-called. "Russian-speaking" population, concentrated in the capitals and characterized by reproductive behavior different from the indigenous population.

Figure 1. Difference in total fertility rate between total population and capitals in CIS countries, 1989 and 2001 (per 1,000 population)

Crude death rate in 1989 was higher in capital cities in most states Central Asia, Azerbaijan and Armenia, as well as in Russia. This is a direct influence of the age structure. By 2001, crude mortality rates had increased in most countries and their capitals, and the gap between capitals and the total population in countries such as Ukraine and Belarus had widened substantially. Against this background, the close proximity of mortality rates in Moscow looks strange.

In 1989, only in Moscow the natural increase was negative, and in half of the capitals it exceeded 11 per thousand. In 2001, a positive natural increase was preserved only in the capitals of the non-Slavic countries of the Commonwealth, but even in them, with the exception of Dushanbe and Ashgabat, it did not exceed 6 per 1000.

For most countries for which data are available (with the exception of Azerbaijan for the total population and Kyrgyzstan for men), life expectancy at birth in the capitals in 2001 was higher than for the total population (Table 3). Of all the capitals, the lowest life expectancy for men was in Moscow - it is 5.5 years lower than in Kyiv and 4.3 years lower than in Minsk (not to mention Baku, where the difference with Moscow is 7 years) .

Table 3. Life expectancy at birth by capitals of several Commonwealth countries (number of years)

1) Data for the respective city and its subordinate settlements

In terms of housing provision among the capitals of the CIS countries, Moscow is leading - 22.7 m 2 and Kyiv - 19.5 m 2, however, if the population of Moscow is taken equal to not 8539.2 thousand people, and 10357.8 thousand (according to the preliminary results of the 2002 Population Census), then the provision of one inhabitant with housing in the capital of Russia will be 18.3 m 2, which is lower than in Kyiv, Chisinau and Minsk. The lowest provision with housing is in the capital of Tajikistan - 12.6 m 2 .

Table 4. Housing stock and average provision of the population with housing in 2001

1) 1997
2) Without data on the territory of the left bank of the river. Dniester and Bendery

In terms of atmospheric air pollution among the capitals of the CIS countries, Baku and Minsk are in the lead, and the least pollutants in the air are Tbilisi, Chisinau and Yerevan (apparently due to downtime of industrial facilities).

Table 5. Emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air from stationary sources

1) Without data on the territory of the left bank of the river. Dniester and the city of Bendery.
2) Data for the respective city and its subordinate settlements.

Source: Statistics of the CIS (Statistical Bulletin) No. 9 (312) 2003. p. 73-85

2019 has just begun as I write these lines, so the composition of the CIS has remained the same. Perhaps by the middle or end of the year there will be some changes, in which case there is nothing easier to add information.

The CIS was founded by the heads of the RSFSR, Belarus and Ukraine by signing on December 8, 1991 in Viskuli ( Bialowieza Forest) "Agreements on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States" (known in the media as the Belovezhskaya Accords).

Who is in the CIS for 2019

Officially, the CIS for 2019 includes 9 states and 2 are in the status of countries that have not signed the agreement. This is an associate member of Turkmenistan and Ukraine, which has not signed the agreement. Most likely, Ukraine will even formally soon refuse to participate in the Commonwealth, just like Georgia in 2009.

1. Azerbaijan
2. Armenia
3. Belarus
4. Kazakhstan
5. Kyrgyzstan
6. Moldova
7. Russia
8. Tajikistan
9. Uzbekistan

The CIS is based on the principles sovereign equality of all its participants, therefore all participating states are independent entities international law. The Commonwealth is not a state and does not have supranational powers, including a single currency.

For many tourists of the country Central Asia associated with traditional oriental culture. And indeed it is. However, the world does not stand still, and today the cities of the CIS countries are successfully developing, rapid construction is underway, and the capitals of the CIS are becoming a center of tourist attraction. About how the CIS countries and their capitals have changed over recent decades, and what you should definitely see in them, we will tell in today's article.

After the transfer of the capital of Kazakhstan from Alma-Ata to Astana, the city has completely changed. Many tourists who have seen the world and come to Astana exclaim with surprise that this is Dubai in miniature. Indeed, the scope of the construction unfolding here is impressive. The architectural concept is ultra-modern, but while maintaining the traditional canons in the decoration. Where else can you find skyscrapers decorated with traditional oriental ornaments!

The sights of Astana are an interweaving of the future and the past. The left bank of the city underwent a radical restructuring. It is worth starting a tour of the city in this part from Water-Green Boulevard, starting from Ak-Orda (the residence of the President) and passing by other government (and not only) buildings. Going forward, you will come to the symbol of the city - the square of singing fountains and Baiterek. Every evening, it is on this square that a wonderful water-entertainment show opens to classical music.

It is worth climbing Baiterek (a structure crowned with a ball, 97 meters high. The monument was built as a symbol of the transfer of the capital from Alma-Ata to Astana). However, on the right bank of the Ishim River, the sights of Astana will surprise you with many cultural and historical places worthy of your attention. Children will appreciate the local aquarium, one of the largest in Central Asia. And adults will be interested in visiting the Museum of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Here you will find archival materials, film and photographic documents, works of fine and decorative art, a unique collection of awards of the Head of State, which is really worth seeing, weapons, cars.

How to get there: Kazakh airlines Air Astana fly to/from Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Novosibirsk, Omsk, St. Petersburg and Moscow. You can also get there by train, for example, a train from the Omsk region bordering Kazakhstan is on the way for about 12 hours.

Baku Attractions

The ancient part of the Azerbaijani capital captivates at first glance - its buildings date back to the 8th century, but are not limited to cultural and historical places. Baku, you will be surprised, quite modern city, which is able to impress you with the wonders of futurism. For example, the Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center of Azerbaijan has already become a recognizable symbol of the city. Designed by architect Zaha Hadid, the building resembles the waves of the Caspian in its shape, which is very symbolic for the city located on its banks.

Also, the so-called Flame Towers (flame towers) will not leave you indifferent. The illumination of the towers in the evening makes an indelible impression, and in the towers themselves, in addition to office buildings, restaurants, bars, there is an excellent observation deck that gives a complete picture of the city. It is worth taking a walk along Baku Boulevard. In addition to the promenade in the well-groomed green area of ​​the embankment, you will “in the load” get impressions from unusual structures located in the direction of travel: this is a parachute tower, and a carpet museum, made in the form of its main exhibit - a carpet, and canals, the so-called Baku Venice, and of course, the largest mega-mall of the capital - Park Bulevard.

How to get there: In addition to Moscow, flights of Azerbaijani airlines can fly to Kazan, Perm, Nizhny Novgorod and Rostov-on-Don. The train journey from Moscow will take about 2 and a half days.

Trevor Claringbold/flickr

Yerevan Attractions

The main places of interest for tourists in the capital of Armenia are concentrated on 3 squares: Republic Square, France Square and Freedom Square, connected by Northern Avenue. Buildings lined with tuff from light pink to dark coffee shades play with their extraordinary colors in the rays of sunrise or sunset. These are truly postcard views.

The main government buildings are located on the Republic Square - the Government of Armenia itself, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, some other ministries, the National Art Gallery. The square looks especially impressive in the evening, when the main illumination turns on, thanks to which the capital turns into a city of lights. Departing from Republic Square northern avenue is a pedestrian zone, where numerous cafes, bars, restaurants, offices and luxury real estate are located.

Northern Avenue is the realm of skyscrapers and luxury. Now it is a completely self-sufficient area, who would have thought that its construction began only in the early 2000s. Another postcard view has a place in the area of ​​​​the Cascade fountain. An original architectural solution was invented for the Cascade - decoration in the form of traditional Armenian patterns. Among other things, from the top of the Cascade, a wonderful view of Mount Ararat opens up, which is worth visiting the Armenian capital. Yerevan and its sights will surprise you with their modern approach, spectacular and at the same time adherence to centuries-old traditions.

How to get there: Many southern cities of Russia offer a direct flight to Yerevan - this is Krasnodar, Sochi, and Rostov. In addition, about 7 flights depart from Moscow per day to the Armenian capital. There are also direct flights from neighboring Central Asian states that are members of the CIS.

Rita Willaert/flickr

Attractions in Dushanbe

The capital of Tajikistan will surprise you, first of all, with the number of green parks and cultural and historical places on its territory. The sights of Dushanbe include several national museums, academic theaters, incl. and the Russian State Drama Theater named after Mayakovsky, as well as philharmonic societies, exhibition halls and the Palace of the Nation - all this can be visited by visiting the central streets of the Tajik capital.

Also, do not forget that there are more than 15 city parks and squares on the territory of Dushanbe, it is especially pleasant to walk here from March to December, when the city is immersed in greenery. The center of Dushanbe is a mixture of traditional architecture and current trends. Near the Palace of Nations is the National Flag Square, decorated with cascading fountains and sculptures. A little further behind the fountains is an artificial lake, alleys immersed in greenery, ornamental plants and shrubs. Another feature of the city is the oriental bazaars, without which it is already difficult to imagine the capital of Tajikistan. Bazaars are colorful in their own way, and buyers will always find what they are looking for.

How to get there: Direct flights exist only from Moscow, in other cases you will have to get there with a transfer. There is also a train from Moscow, however, you will get 4 days versus 4 hours by plane.

Prince Roy/flickr

Ashgabat attractions

Ashgabat, according to the Guinness Book of Records, is considered the most white marble city in the world. This fact alone attracts considerable attention to Ashgabat and its sights. The presidential palace complex "Oguzhan", the fountain complex "Oguzhan and sons" (which was also included in the Guinness Book of Records as a cluster of the a large number fountains in one place - as many as 27 fountains!), a monument to the independence of Turkmenistan, a monument to the sacred book "Rukhnama", the cultural and entertainment center "Alem", the wedding palace, the monument of Neutrality in the form of a rocket and more than 500 buildings lined with white marble.

It must be said that the architecture of the capital itself is an interweaving of oriental ornaments and modern forms, there is no place for rectangles or squares, the sights of Ashgabat are made in the form of jagged intricate shapes, decorated with traditional oriental ornaments, which are typical only for Central Asia.

In general, the capital of Turkmenistan, like other cities of the CIS countries, is an actively developing city, incl. and in terms of construction, the urbanization of the city is increasing every year. In place of old houses, they prefer to build majestic skyscrapers. In the stone city, however, there is a lot of greenery, the city is clean, tidy and cozy, despite the abundance of marble around.

How to get there: The flight from Moscow is carried out on all days of the week by Turkmen airlines and twice a week by Russian airlines from Domodedovo Airport.

David Stanley/flickr

Tashkent attractions

Tashkent is one of the largest agglomerations in the CIS with its own contradictions. Typical minimalist architecture has remained here from the Soviet era, but the city strives for diversity, so more and more interesting solutions appear in the external appearance of the city.

Tourists will definitely be interested and pleased to be on the central square of the Uzbek capital - Amir Timur Square, it is here that the main cultural attractions of Tashkent are concentrated. The most interesting is the view of the Palace of the Forums, decorated with columns and a huge 48-meter dome, a truly impressive building!

Another notable building in the center of Tashkent is the old and new chimes, located opposite each other and being a kind of gate of the square. Most the best place rest in the sultry summer time for a tourist in the city there will be Independence Square. There are many cool shady alleys and fountains, and 16 marble columns with figures of storks are installed on the square itself. The park area of ​​the square goes straight to the city channel Ankhor, where people often like to relax from the heat and summer sun local residents.

How to get there: Airplanes on the Moscow-Tashkent route fly every day, but trains run every other day. Ride on land transport will take two and a half days. You can also get to Tashkent by train from cities such as Ufa and Saratov.

Adele Anwer/flickr

The CIS countries and their capitals have largely changed over the past decades, and this is true for tourism as well. Architectural forms have become more modern and interesting, typical buildings are being replaced non-trivial solutions. The original sights of Astana or Baku, the well-groomedness of Yerevan and Ashgabat, the diversity of Dushanbe and Tashkent attract more and more experienced tourists every year, but coupled with the natural attractions of the region, which we wrote about here:, the CIS countries have a high potential for the development of the tourism industry already in near present and future.

Practical and eventful travels for you!