Changes to the branch of Soviet tank destroyers. Sau ussr Sau decoding ussr

Self-propelled artillery installations It should be remembered that when the Second World War broke out in Europe in September 1939 World War, American tactical application doctrine tank troops has not yet been developed, and only in 1941 did a clear system begin to take shape

Self-propelled artillery mounts (SPG) In 1938-1942, three types of self-propelled guns were tested in Japan: field self-propelled howitzers and mortars (75-, 105-, 150- and 300-mm); self-propelled 75- and 77-mm anti-tank guns; 20- and 37-mm anti-aircraft self-propelled guns. Self-propelled guns were created on the basis of lungs and

Self-propelled installations "HO-NI" and "HO-RO" "HO-RO"Since 1941, on the basis of the medium tank "Chi-ha", self-propelled guns "Honi" ("artillery fourth") and "Ho-ro" (" artillery second") to equip tank divisions. The guns were mounted in an open top and rear

Anti-aircraft self-propelled guns (ZSU) Based on light tank"Ke-ni" in 1942, experimental ZSU "Ta-ha" were produced, armed with 20-mm automatic guns of the "Oerlikon" system, in two versions: - one gun in a turret open from above;

Self-propelled artillery mounts Self-propelled mount ZIS-30Light open type anti-tank self-propelled gun Created on an emergency basis at plant No. 92 (Gorky) using a rotating part of a 57-mm cannon and a semi-armored artillery tractor T-20 Komsomolets;

Self-propelled artillery installations In 1938-1942, three types of self-propelled guns were developed in Japan: field self-propelled howitzers and mortars of 75, 105, 150 and 300 mm caliber; self-propelled 75- and 77-mm anti-tank guns; 20- and 37-mm anti-aircraft self-propelled guns. Self-propelled guns were created on the basis of lungs and

In connection with the appearance of tanks with more and more powerful armor in the enemy, it was decided to create a more powerful self-propelled artillery mount on the basis of the T-34 tank than the SU-85. In 1944, such an installation was put into service under the name "SU-100". To create it, the engine, transmission, chassis and many components of the T-34-85 tank were used. The armament consisted of a 100 mm D-10S cannon mounted in a wheelhouse of the same design as the SU-85 wheelhouse. The only difference was the installation on the SU-100 on the right, in front, of a commander's cupola with observation devices for the battlefield. The choice of a gun for arming a self-propelled unit turned out to be very successful: it perfectly combined rate of fire, high starting speed projectile, range and accuracy. It was perfect for fighting enemy tanks: its armor-piercing projectile pierced 160-mm thick armor from a distance of 1000 meters. After the war, this gun was installed on new T-54 tanks.
Just like the SU-85, the SU-100 was equipped with panoramic tank and artillery sights, a 9R or 9RS radio station, and a TPU-3-BisF tank intercom. The SU-100 self-propelled unit was produced from 1944 to 1947, during the Great Patriotic War 2495 units of this type were produced.

performance characteristics

Name ZIS-30

USSR country

Weight 4000 kg

Type of machine ACS

Engine power 50 hp

Max. Speed ​​42.98 km/h

Hull armor thickness 10/7/- (mm)

Turret armor thickness -/-/- (mm)

Free repair time 0 h 24 min

Maximum repair price* 200 s.l.

Machine price* 2100 s.l.

Description

ZIS-30 (57-mm anti-tank gun) - Soviet light open-type anti-tank self-propelled guns. Created by a team of developers of plant No. 92 under the leadership of P. F. Muravyov. Machines of this brand were mass-produced at artillery plant No. 92 in the second half of 1941 by open installation of the ZIS-2 anti-tank gun on the T-20 Komsomolets artillery tractor. In total, about 100 ZIS-30 self-propelled guns were produced, which participated in the battles of 1941-1942. and were well received by the troops due to the effectiveness of the ZIS-2 gun. However, due to the small number, breakdowns and combat losses, they did not have any noticeable impact on the course of the war.

Strong and weak sides cars

Powerful weapons at the level (even with 3 ranks in

able to stretch)

High speed and mobility (the only thing that saves

in case of a hasty evacuation or if someone left you

go around him with a brazen jerk forward and go from behind)

Rank 1 (Which fully makes him a monster at his level)

Colossally small armor (especially the cabin with a cannon)

Small ammo load (20 rounds with a healthy loader, sold like hot cakes)

Incredibly easily incapacitated crew (with a thin armor thickness, there’s nothing to say here)

Poor gun balance (takes a long time to stabilize after stopping)

Armament

Cannon 57 mm ZIS-2, 1 machine gun 7.62 mm DT.

With average parameters, rate of fire and penetration. Good accuracy (for pt this is normal)

Main armament 57mm ZIS-2

Reload time: 5.9 sec

Ammo: 20 rounds

Vertical aiming angles: -4°/22°

shells:

BR-271 Armor-piercing blunt chamber shell

Weight: 3.1 kg

Initial speed: 990 m/s

Armor penetration: 10m - 115mm 500m - 95mm 1000m - 91mm 2000m - 60mm

BR-271K Armor-piercing sharp-headed chamber projectile

Weight: 3.1 kg

Initial speed: 990 m/s

Armor penetration: 10m - 122mm 500m - 101mm 1000m - 79mm 2000m - 50mm

O-271 High-explosive fragmentation projectile

Weight: 3.7 kg

Armor protection and survivability

Forehead, mm: 10

Board, mm: 7

Feed, mm: 7

Modules and improvements

Mobility

security

Firepower

History of creation and combat use

The Soviet Army began to experience a shortage of anti-tank self-propelled guns already at the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War. In July 1941, the High Command issued a decree in as soon as possible develop self-propelled guns armed with a 57-mm ZiS-2 cannon. At plant No. 52, a group of designers was urgently assembled, headed by engineer P.F. Muravyov, and a month later the serial assembly of the ZiS-30 self-propelled guns began. The car was a caterpillar tractor "Komsomolets", which housed anti-tank gun ZiS-2 designed by V.G. Grabin. The engine was located in the aft part of the self-propelled gun, and in the front - the transmission and controls. The front hull plate also had a 7.62 mm DT defensive machine gun. In total, about 100 ZiS-30 self-propelled guns were produced, which were literally distributed piece by piece among the tank brigades of the Western Front. For the first time, these self-propelled guns were used during the Battle of Moscow, where they proved to be excellent, successfully destroying any type of German tanks and armored vehicles. However, over time, the shortcomings of the ZiS-30 were also revealed. The car was extremely unstable, the undercarriage was overloaded (especially the rear rollers), the armor also left much to be desired. In addition, the self-propelled guns had a small power reserve and a scanty portable ammunition load, which amounted to only 20 shells. Nevertheless, despite all the shortcomings, the ZiS-30 continued to participate in battles until the summer of 1942, when there were practically no vehicles left in the troops. Some of the machines failed due to technical breakdowns, the rest were lost in battle. However, due to their small number, the ZiS-30 self-propelled guns did not have any noticeable effect on the course of the war.

Self-propelled artillery began to be massively used by the Red Army relatively late - only at the end of 1942. However, released Soviet designers cars made a big contribution to the overall victory. Without exception, all Soviet self-propelled guns of the war period can be attributed to formidable vehicles that were useful in various ways on the battlefield. From a small, but no less effective SU-76, to such a monster as the ISU-152, which could easily hit a pillbox or destroy a house in which the Nazis settled.

Light self-propelled guns SU-76

This self-propelled gun was developed in 1942 by the design bureaus of plant No. 38 in the city of Kirov, the machine was created on the basis of the T-70 light tank well mastered by industry. In total, from 1942 until the end of the war, more than 14 thousand machines of this type were manufactured. Thanks to this, the SU-76 is the most massive Soviet self-propelled artillery installation of the Great Patriotic War, and its output was second only to the production of the T-34 tank. The popularity and prevalence of the machine is due to its simplicity and versatility.

A huge role was played by the fact that a very good ZIS-3 divisional gun of 76.2 mm caliber was chosen as a weapon for arming this self-propelled guns. The gun proved to be excellent during the war years and was distinguished by its high versatility of use. The best weapon to support the infantry was hard to come up with. When using sub-caliber shells, the gun also revealed its anti-tank properties, however, tanks such as the Tiger and Panther were still recommended to be destroyed by firing at their sides. Against most samples German armored vehicles the armor penetration of the ZIS-3 gun remained adequate until the end of the war, although 100-mm armor remained an insurmountable obstacle for the gun.

The advantage, and in some cases the disadvantage of the machine, was its open felling. On the one hand, she helped the crew of the self-propelled guns to interact more closely with their infantry, especially in conditions street fight and also provided best review on the battlefield. On the other hand, the SPG crew was vulnerable to enemy fire and could be hit by shrapnel. In general, the self-propelled guns were distinguished by a minimum level of booking, which was bulletproof. However, the SU-76 was still very popular in units. Possessing the mobility of a light tank, the self-propelled gun had a much more serious weapon.

Not the most powerful weapons, thin armor, a fighting compartment open from above - all this, paradoxically, did not make the self-propelled gun unsuccessful. With its immediate task on the battlefield, the SU-76 coped perfectly. It was used for infantry fire support, acting as a light assault gun and anti-tank self-propelled guns. She was able to largely replace the light tanks of direct infantry support. Almost 25 years after the Victory in the Great Patriotic War marshal Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky noted: “Our soldiers especially fell in love with the self-propelled gun SU-76. These mobile, light vehicles had time everywhere to help out and support the infantry units with their fire and caterpillars, and the infantrymen, in turn, did everything to protect these vehicles.

Anti-tank self-propelled guns SU-85 and SU-100

A separate place among all Soviet self-propelled guns occupied the SU-85 and SU-100, which were created on the basis of the mass tank during the war - the medium tank T-34. As you can easily guess, they differed primarily in the caliber of their guns and, accordingly, in their anti-tank capabilities. It is noteworthy that both self-propelled guns remained in service. various countries after the end of World War II.

The SU-85 was a medium-weight Soviet self-propelled artillery mount belonging to the tank destroyer class. Its main task on the battlefield was to fight enemy armored vehicles. Fighting machine was developed in KB UZTM ( Ural plant heavy engineering, "Uralmash") in May-July 1943. Serial production of new anti-tank self-propelled guns was launched in July-August 1943. As the main tool for new self-propelled gun the 85-mm D-5S-85 gun was chosen, which had good anti-tank capabilities. In fact, it was the SU-85 that became the first Soviet self-propelled guns that could fight German tanks on equal terms. From a distance of more than a kilometer, the crew of the SU-85 could easily disable any medium tank enemy. The frontal armor of the "Tiger" using armor-piercing shells could be penetrated from a distance of up to 500 meters, the use of sub-caliber ammunition made this task even easier.

Along with good firepower, the SU-85 was able to maintain the speed and maneuverability of its "progenitor" - the medium tank T-34 and these good performance mobility was saved more than once by the crews of this anti-tank self-propelled gun in battle. And under enemy fire, the SU-85 self-propelled guns felt much more confident than the SU-76 with its open cabin. In addition, her frontal armor, located at rational angles of inclination, was no longer bulletproof and could take a hit.

In total, 2329 such machines were produced in 1943-1944. Despite the relatively small number, it was the SU-85 self-propelled guns, from 1943 until the end of hostilities in Europe, that was the basis of Soviet self-propelled artillery units armed with medium-weight vehicles. The SU-100, which replaced it, was able to show up in battles only in January 1945. Therefore, it was the SU-85 self-propelled guns and their crews that carried on their shoulders almost the entire burden of anti-tank and assault work of medium self-propelled artillery during the war.

With the advent of new types of Germans armored vehicles, such as the heavy tank "Royal Tiger" and self-propelled guns "Ferdinand", the question of increasing anti-tank capabilities became acute Soviet self-propelled guns. The designers of Uralmash responded to a new challenge and in the middle of 1944 presented the best tank destroyer of the Second World War - self-propelled guns SU-100. The self-propelled gun used the base of the T-34-85 tank and went into serial production in August 1944. In total, for the period from 1944 to 1956, 4976 such self-propelled artillery installations were produced, while in the USSR production was stopped in 1948, but continued under license in Czechoslovakia.

The main difference and the main highlight of the self-propelled guns was its cannon - a 100-mm D-10S gun, which could confidently fight even the heaviest and well-armored German tanks. Not by chance finest hour SU-100 struck during the Balaton defensive operation, when the German large-scale tank offensive, codenamed "Winter Awakening", ended in huge losses of armored vehicles and became in fact the cemetery of the Panzerwaffe. Also, the self-propelled gun was distinguished by the best booking. The thickness of its sloping frontal armor reached 75 mm. The self-propelled gun felt confident not only in the fight against enemy tanks, but also in urban battles. Often, one shot with a high-explosive projectile from a 100-mm gun was enough to literally "blow off" the detected enemy firing point.

Uniqueness and exceptional combat capabilities The SU-100 is confirmed by the fact that it was in service with the Soviet Army for several decades after the war, periodically being upgraded. In addition, the self-propelled guns were supplied to the allies of the Soviet Union, actively participated in post-war local conflicts, including the Arab-Israeli wars. The self-propelled gun remained in service with the armies of some countries until the end of the 20th century, and in some countries, such as Algeria, Morocco and Cuba, they remained in service as of 2012.

Heavy self-propelled guns SU-152 and ISU-152

Heavy Soviet self-propelled artillery mounts SU-152 and ISU-152 also made a significant contribution to the victory. The effectiveness of these machines is best indicated by their nicknames - "Deerslayer" and "Can Opener", which were given to these mighty twins in the army. The SU-152 was created on the basis of the KV-1S heavy tank and armed with a 152 mm ML-20S howitzer gun. The self-propelled gun was developed by the designers of ChKZ (Chelyabinsk Kirov Plant), the construction of the first prototype was completed on January 24, 1943, and with next month mass production of the machine began. It is worth noting that only 670 of these self-propelled guns were assembled, since the KV-1S tank, on the basis of which it was built, was discontinued. In December 1943, this vehicle was replaced on the assembly line with the ISU-152, which was equivalent in terms of armament, but better armored self-propelled guns based on the IS heavy tank.

The SU-152 self-propelled gun made its combat debut in the famous battle of Kursk, where it immediately showed itself as a worthy opponent of the new German tanks. The capabilities of self-propelled guns were enough to deal with the new brood of German "cats". The use of the 152-mm howitzer-gun ML-20S assumed the use of all the shells developed for it. But in reality, the crews of the vehicles managed with only two - high-explosive fragmentation and concrete-piercing shells. Direct hit on enemy tank concrete-piercing shells were enough to inflict heavy damage on him and disable him. In some cases, the shells simply broke through the armor of the tanks, tore off the turret from the shoulder strap, and killed the crew. And sometimes a direct hit by a 152-mm projectile led to the detonation of ammunition, which turned enemy tanks into burning torches.

High-explosive fragmentation shells were also effective against German armored vehicles. Even without breaking through the armor, they damaged sights and observation devices, a gun, undercarriage cars. Moreover, in order to put an enemy tank out of action, sometimes it was enough just to close the gap of a high-explosive fragmentation projectile. The crew of Major Sankovsky, commander of one of the SU-152 batteries in the Battle of Kursk, disabled 10 enemy tanks in one day (according to other sources, this was the success of the entire battery), for which the major was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Of course, in the role of tank destroyers, the SU-152 was not used from a good life, but in this capacity, the self-propelled gun proved to be a wonderful machine. In general, the SU-152 was an excellent example of versatility. It could be used as assault gun, tank destroyer and self-propelled howitzer. True, the use of the vehicle as a tank destroyer was complicated by the low rate of fire, but the effect of hitting the target could easily cross out this shortcoming. The monstrous power of the 152-mm howitzer-gun was indispensable in suppressing pillboxes and firing points of the Germans. Even if the concrete wall or ceilings withstood the impact of the projectile, the people inside received a serious concussion, their eardrums were torn.

Heavy self-propelled artillery mount The ISU-152 replaced the SU-152; it was created by the design bureau of Pilot Plant No. 100 in June-October 1943 and was put into service on November 6 of the same year. The release of the new self-propelled guns was launched at ChKZ, where it simply replaced the SU-152. The production of self-propelled guns continued until 1946, during which time 3242 vehicles of this type were built. The self-propelled gun was widely used in the final stage of the war and, like its predecessor, the SU-152, could be used in all aspects of the use of self-propelled artillery. These vehicles were withdrawn from the armament of the Soviet Army only in the 1970s, which also indicates their great combat potential.

The ISU-152 self-propelled guns became indispensable during urban battles, literally leveling enemy buildings and firing points with the ground. She showed herself very well during the assaults on Budapest, Konigsberg and Berlin. Good armor allowed the self-propelled guns to advance to a direct shot distance and hit German firing points with direct fire. For conventional towed artillery, this was a mortal danger due to the massive machine-gun and aimed sniper fire.

Sources of information:
http://rg.ru/2015/04/24/samohodka-site.html
http://armor.kiev.ua
http://pro-tank.ru
http://www.opoccuu.com

The branch of pumped tank destroyers in the USSR will be subject to serious changes. In particular, a new TOP is introduced into the game: Object 268 4 variant. Consequently, the rest of the technique is shifted down, which leads to changes in some technical parameters. In addition, the weak and unplayable SU-101M1 will completely disappear from the branch. Let's see what awaits us.

Level 9: Object 263 performance characteristics, armament (a 122 mm M62-S2 gun is installed).

Level 8: SU-122-54. The description of the vehicle and weapons are also changed here. In particular, the PT is losing a 100mm D54s gun.

Level 7: SU-101. For the machine, it is also expected to change the performance characteristics and descriptions of equipment in the hangar. In addition, the PT loses two guns at once: a 122-mm D-25S model of 44 years, and a 122-mm M62-S2. Instead of them, more suitable weapons will be added.

Removed from the game, for vehicles below the seventh level, the change is not expected.

What is it for? The main goal of the developers is to optimize this branch of Soviet ATs for the current requirements of the game in order to make the gameplay more balanced and rich. Moreover, the introduction of a new tank into the game should arouse interest among tankers in this unpopular branch of development. Tanks with aft turrets require some skill to play, so many prefer to take the easier route.