What is the minimum height for skydiving. Cash reward for skydiving (landing with equipment) How paratroopers skydive

Theoretically, you can skydive from any height, the only question is the expediency and safety of this event. Based on these considerations, the minimum and maximum limits are set. They are primarily due to the design of the parachute, as well as the preparedness of the parachutist and the type of jump he makes.

Beginning skydivers usually jump from landing parachute D-5 or D-6. Sometimes a D-1-5U parachute is also offered. The advantage of the latter is its manageability, as evidenced by the letter "U" in the model name. Jumps with such a parachute are carried out from a height of 700-900 meters. The opening of the dome occurs almost immediately after separation from the aircraft.

As an alternative to landing, parachutes of the "Wing" type are often used. Unlike the first, they do not have a round, but a rectangular dome. They require more training to operate, but they are highly maneuverable and have good lifting power. Beginners jump with a parachute type "Wing" from a height of about 1200 meters.

Professional athletes who good training, usually jump from a height of at least 2000 meters. In this case, they have the opportunity to experience all the delights free fall which beginners usually don't have. If a skydiver plans to perform any acrobatic elements, the height from which it is performed must be at least 3000-4000 meters. Beginners can jump from such a height only in one parachute system by an instructor. In this case, the responsibility for opening the parachute, control and soft landing lies entirely with the tandem master.

Why restrictions are needed and what is the critical minimum

Restrictions on the minimum height of the jump were not invented by chance. The fact is that it takes some time for the parachute to fill with air. If the specified requirements are neglected, there is a high probability that the parachute simply does not have time to open up to the end, and the skydiver will receive serious injuries when it does. The critical minimum for full deployment of an amphibious parachute is 250-300 meters.

There are also small parachutes that are used to jump from fixed objects (bridges, rocks, high buildings). This type The sport is called base jumping and, due to its high traumatism, is considered extremely extreme. The minimum height for a jump with such a parachute is 100-150 meters.

However, there are many records in parachuting, including the minimum jump height. The record, which no one has been able to beat so far, is set by Tereke Spencer, who, during World War II, in 1945, parachuted out of a downed fighter jet from a height slightly exceeding 10 meters. However, it is hardly worth trying fate and repeating his feat in Peaceful time unless absolutely necessary.

The main indicator that limits the height for making a parachute jump can be called a transport aircraft.

No one aircraft, which transports people, is not able to rise above the mark of 26 thousand meters. And even at this altitude, the aircraft flies with too much high speed so that a person can jump out of the plane.

However, spaceships are able to rise much higher, but their movement in space is even faster, so that a paratrooper with a parachute, in order to survive, leaving limits spacecraft, a heat-resistant suit will be required.

There is the only aircraft that allows people to be transported, besides an airplane and a spacecraft, a hot air balloon. The highest elevation that a given air vehicle, - 34.668 meters. This is an absolute record demonstrated by officers navy of the United States of America by Victor Prather and Malcolm Ross as they traveled from the Antietam to Mexico on May 4, 1961. But they did not jump.

A man's parachute jump from the highest mark was made by Joseph Kittinger of the United States Air Force. He did this with hot air balloon, which on August 16, 1960 rose to a height of 31 thousand 333 meters. Joseph was in freefall for four minutes and 36 seconds, reaching an average speed of 1,150 kilometers per hour. The parachute was opened at around five and a half thousand meters.

Skydiving standards for paratroopers

For a parachute jump, you can call a safe height from 400 meters to 4 kilometers.

If we talk about the maximum allowable lowest height, the paratroopers consider a height of less than fifty meters "bordering on suicide." Back in 2003, professional stuntman Harry Connery made a parachute jump from the monument to Nelson's Column (from a height of 51.5 meters), which is located in Trafalgar Square.

A large number of times paratroopers parachuted from the top of the statue of Christ the Savior, located in Rio de Janeiro, jumped from St. Paul's Cathedral, which is located in London, and the height of these monuments is slightly more than 100 meters.

A little earlier, in October of the year before last, a paratrooper jumped from the most significant height - 135,890 feet (over 40 thousand meters), which was made by the vice-head Google Alan Eustace. He was able to beat the previous planetary record of 127,852.4 feet (38,969.4 meters) set by Australian skydiver Felix Baumgartner in 2012. In two cases, the paratroopers were dressed in a suit designed specifically for them.

In a standard setting, a parachute jump is made from a height of 4,200 meters. Above the accepted mark, the risk of oxygen starvation increases. In addition, when jumping from a height higher than the set one, a dense flow of oncoming air can reflect some problems in a skydiver.

In the lower atmospheric layers, the falling speed of a paratrooper during a long jump increases only at the moment of the first ten seconds (over the first hundred meters). Resistance air mass increases with increasing speed so significantly that very soon there comes a point when the speed no longer changes. The motion changes from accelerating to uniform.

When falling through the upper, thinner atmospheric layers, a person will fly faster than the final falling speed in the lower layers, when the paratrooper meets them, and the resistance reaches its peak. Essentially, a person encounters the atmosphere. At the moment of a parachute jump in 1960, Kittinger described this force as shocking: at an altitude of 23 thousand meters, she showed 1.2 g (g is the overload value).

A fall from 75 thousand meters would have made a huge impact of 3 g at a height of 31 thousand meters, which would have lasted over 20 seconds. After that, the jump would not be anything remarkable. Marines that enter the lower atmosphere will not experience any problems from g-forces above 3 g if their bodies are positioned across the airflow to continue their time in the atmosphere, but they will be significantly hot.

Kittinger was wearing a special suit, the purpose of which was to protect him from low pressure in the stratosphere. But more difficult in such jumps is to maintain a position of stability in the process of free fall. In addition, Kittinger was equipped with a small stabilizing parachute, but he did not need it. Due to malfunctions, the parachute could not open, and the parachutist skidded into a tailspin. Kittinger was spinning very fast, about 120 revolutions per minute, the g-force level was 22 g. At the moment of such overloads, the stuntman lost consciousness. The main parachute was able to open thanks to a special automatic opening device.

One of the highest high jumps was planned to be part of Project Moose. It was considered a development by the United States of America that began in the early 1960s, and its object was a program that would allow an astronaut to skydive in low orbit of our planet directly from a spacecraft. It was expected that an astronaut with equipment would put on a parachute on his chest, and on his back - a folded plastic bag. The pressurized cylinder must spread the bag and fill it with polyurethane foam, then it will create heat shield. The astronaut leaves orbit, after which he begins to fall. protected from high temperature screen, it waits until it reaches the lower atmospheric layers, after which the parachute opens and the screen is removed.

The work that was carried out by the General Electric organization demonstrated that the idea, although quite good at first glance, was not unworkable. The heat shield sample has been created and the foam samples sent to spaceship. However, neither NASA nor the Air Force paid much attention to this undertaking.

Landing troops are required to undergo jump training at the training stage. Then the skydiving skills are already used during military operations or demonstration performances. Jumping has special rules: requirements for parachutes, aircraft used, training of soldiers. All these requirements must be known to the landing party for a safe flight and landing.

A paratrooper cannot jump without preparation. Training is a mandatory stage before the start of real airborne jumps, during which theoretical training and jumping practice take place. All the information that is told to future paratroopers during training is given below.

Aircraft for transportation and landing

What aircraft do paratroopers jump from? Russian army on this moment uses several aircraft to drop troops. The main one is IL-76, but other flying machines are also used:

• AN-12;
• MI-6;
• MI-8.

The IL-76 remains the preferred choice because it is the most conveniently equipped for landing, has a large luggage compartment and retains pressure well even at high altitudes, if the landing party needs to jump there. Its body is sealed, but in case of emergency, the compartment for paratroopers is equipped with individual oxygen masks. Thus, each skydiver will not experience a lack of oxygen during the flight.

The aircraft develops speeds of approximately 300 km per hour, and this is the optimal indicator for landing in military conditions.

Jump Height

From what height do paratroopers usually jump with a parachute? The altitude of the jump depends on the type of parachute and the aircraft used for landing. The recommended optimal landing height is 800-1000 meters above the ground. This indicator is convenient in combat conditions, since at such an altitude the aircraft is less exposed to fire. At the same time, the air is not too rarefied for the paratrooper to land.

From what height do paratroopers usually jump in case of non-training actions? The opening of the D-5 or D-6 parachute during landing from the IL-76 occurs at an altitude of 600 meters. The usual distance required for full disclosure is 200 meters. That is, if the landing starts from a height of 1200, then the opening will occur at around 1000. The maximum allowable for landing is 2000 meters.

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More advanced models of parachutes allow you to start landing from a mark of several thousand meters. So, the modern model D-10 allows you to land on maximum height no more than 4000 m above the ground. At the same time, the minimum allowable level for deployment is 200. It is recommended to start deployment earlier to reduce the likelihood of injury and a hard landing.

Types of parachutes

Since the 1990s, two main types of landing parachutes have been used in Russia: D-5 and D-6. The first is the simplest, does not allow you to adjust the landing site. How many lines does a paratrooper's parachute have? Depends on the model. Lines in D-5 28, the ends are fixed, which is why it is impossible to adjust the direction of flight. The length of the lines is 9 meters. The weight of one set is about 15 kg.

A more advanced D-5 model is the D-6 paratrooper parachute. In it, the ends of the lines can be released and the threads can be pulled, adjusting the direction of flight. To turn left, you need to pull the lines on the left, to maneuver to the right side, pull the thread on the right. The area of ​​the parachute dome is the same as that of the D-5 (83 square meters). The weight of the kit is reduced - only 11 kilograms, it is most convenient for still being trained, but already trained paratroopers. During the training, about 5 jumps are made (with express courses), D-6 is recommended to be issued after the first or second. There are 30 rafters in the kit, four of them allow you to control the parachute.

For complete beginners, D-10 kits have been developed, this is an updated version, which has only recently been made available to the army. There are more rafters here: 26 main and 24 additional. Of the 26 feet, 4 allow you to control the system, their length is 7 meters, and the remaining 22 - 4 meters. It turns out that there are only 22 external additional lines and 24 internal additional lines. Such a number of cords (all of them are made of nylon) allow you to control the flight as much as possible, adjust the course during disembarkation. The dome area of ​​the D-10 is as much as 100 square meters. At the same time, the dome is made in the shape of a squash, a comfortable green color without a pattern, so that after landing a paratrooper it would be harder to detect it.

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Rules for disembarking from an aircraft

The paratroopers disembark from the cabin in a certain order. In IL-76 this happens in several streams. For disembarkation, there are two side doors and a ramp. At learning activities prefer to use exclusively side doors. Disembarkation can be carried out:

• in one stream of two doors (with a minimum of personnel);
• in two streams from two doors (with an average number of paratroopers);
• in three or four streams from two doors (with large-scale educational activities);
• in two streams and from the ramp, and from the doors (during hostilities).

The distribution into streams is done so that the jumpers do not collide with each other upon landing and cannot be hooked. A small delay is made between threads, usually several tens of seconds.

Parachute flight and deployment mechanism

After landing, the paratrooper must calculate 5 seconds. It cannot be considered a standard method: "1, 2, 3 ...". It will turn out too quickly, the real 5 seconds will not pass yet. It is better to count like this: "121, 122 ...". Now the most commonly used account is starting from 500: "501, 502, 503 ...".

Immediately after the jump, the stabilizing parachute automatically opens (the stages of its opening can be seen on the video). This is a small dome that prevents the paratrooper from starting to "circle" during the fall. Stabilization prevents flips in the air, in which a person begins to fly upside down (this position does not allow the parachute to open).

After five seconds, the stabilization is completely removed, and the main dome must be activated. This is done either with the help of a ring, or automatically. A good paratrooper should be able to adjust the opening of the parachute himself, so trained students are given kits with a ring. After activating the ring, the main dome fully opens in 200 meters of fall. The duties of a trained paratrooper paratrooper also include camouflage after landing.

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Safety rules: how to protect the landing from injury

Parachutes require special treatment, care, so that jumps using them are as safe as possible. Immediately after use, the parachute must be properly folded, otherwise its service life will be drastically reduced. An improperly folded parachute may fail to deploy during landing, resulting in death.

Airborne troops perform a huge range of combat missions. And the airborne jumps are one of the main trump cards used by the paratroopers. For this purpose, specially trained aircraft and helicopters are used. In the equipment of the Airborne Forces there is a large number of modern effective weapons, special equipment, military equipment, which make it possible to cope with the tasks assigned to them with high efficiency.

The task of the airborne troops is to capture strategic industrial facilities, administrative and political centers, areas of concentration and forces of a potential enemy, the capture and retention of infrastructure nodes, mountain passes, crossings, communication lines; destruction of funds mass destruction, power plants, runways and airfields, other key facilities; disruption of the enemy's work in the deep and near rear and coordination of his forces, disruption of the movement of enemy reserves.

One of the main tasks of the Airborne Forces is related to the implementation of operational-tactical landing in especially important areas of potential local conflicts.

The fulfillment of such a task is impossible without parachute jumps of the Airborne Forces. In the Airborne Forces, personnel are especially scrupulously trained. Therefore, paratroopers are carefully acquainted with the theoretical foundation of parachute jumps, landing techniques, modern systems parachute-reactive and parachute type, landing containers, platforms and systems, with the help of which the installation and landing of weapons and military equipment is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the study of current military transport aviation.

Airborne jumps at the stage of the appearance and development of the armed forces

The first jump in the Airborne Forces took place in the thirties of the last century. It was then that a new type of troops appeared in the Red Army - the Airborne Troops. The first paratroopers had to perform a completely accessible task - to land in a given area where they were delivered aviation technology. At first, paratroopers were transported with parachutes on any aircraft in service: strategic heavy bombers TB-1 or training U-2, which were not the best solution for young kind troops. The choice of aircraft depended on the number of paratroopers transported.

It turned out to be more difficult to solve the issue of transporting cars, armored vehicles or guns. We decided to opt for the TB-1 bomber. To create specialized systems with which they were supposed to successfully land equipment, an design bureau was created. Among the very first types of weapons adapted for air transportation and landing should be called a 76-mm mountain gun, invented in 1909, chosen because of its suitable weight and dimensions. The crew of the gun was transported along with the gun and had the ability to parachute from an aircraft, slightly reducing the bomber's flight performance. Then the first parachute jump in the Airborne Forces took place, and since then the paratroopers have come a long way.

Airborne parachute jumps in the modern army of Russia

Fast forward to modern life soldiers of the Airborne Forces. In 2012, military personnel of this type of troops, who are in military service, performed more than 11,000 parachute jumps in just one week! Including airborne jumps from Ila-76 amounted to more than four hundred. In our time, jumps during long daylight hours are performed at an intensity of two parachute jumps per minute, and even more often.

There was a message about how many jumps are made in the Airborne Forces, for example, in a unit stationed in Ivanovo. As it turned out, 2800 jumps per division. In the mountain, airborne assault unit, located in Novorossiysk, and the airborne division of Tula, paratroopers make 2000 jumps each. The cadets of the Ryazan School manage to make more than one and a half thousand jumps within one week.

Airborne jumps were more regular in Soviet army. Say, in the 80s, an ordinary paratrooper made about 30 airborne jumps from an Il-76 for military service. In the 90s, their number sharply decreased, but today one can again observe a gradual increase in the role of combat training of paratroopers, which means an increase in the number of airborne parachute jumps for cadets and conscripts.

Training airborne recruits in the art of landing

Representatives make many jumps young replenishment arriving in the Airborne Forces. Young soldiers have to do a lot of airborne training. They are awarded the proud title of paratroopers after they make the first parachute jumps.

In addition, in Ryazan, technicians specializing in parachute devices are constantly trained and trained. Seminars for the retraining of commanders of paratrooper units are also held there. They study the issues of landing and training military equipment. AT summer period, which has favorable weather conditions, in the plans of Russian paratroopers, the implementation of more than 35 thousand airborne parachute jumps.

It is categorically impossible to force people who do not know how to control themselves in the sky to make parachute jumps. To prevent a random fall, the D-5 and D-6 parachutes are equipped with a stabilizing exhaust dome. Due to the presence of the dome, the parachutist cannot be carried away into a random fall. To an inexperienced person, it seems that the earth is everywhere from him. The function of the stabilizing dome is that the lines do not interfere with the skydiver to go into the sky. The dome comes out first, after which the PPK-u device is activated within five seconds, opening the satchel. The knapsack is equipped with a two-cone lock, which can be opened either with a ring or with a device. The parachutist can pull the ring without waiting for the expiration of five seconds of free fall. With the help of a stabilizing parachute, the canopy is completely pulled out of the parachute bag.

Jumping Airborne Forces with IL-76

Speaking about the training of paratroopers, one cannot fail to mention the role of military transport aviation. Airborne jumps from IL-76 can be called the most effective today. The main military transport aircraft Il-76 easily copes with the following tasks:

• parachute landing of l / s units;
• parachute landing of regular military equipment and cargo;
• landing landing l / s parts of the Airborne Forces;
• landing landing of military equipment and cargoes of the established dimensions;
• transportation and evacuation of the wounded to the rear.

Each of the above options provides for the use of specialized equipment.

When landing from the IL-76, they use:

• two streams into the side doors, to minimize the possibility of convergence of paratroopers in the air;
• three streams, one of which goes to the ramp, and the other two - to the side doors;
• four streams - two into the ramp and side doors (in the presence of combat conditions).

During the landing of personnel, the speed of the aircraft reaches 300 km / h. Note the tightness of the cargo compartment of the IL-76. If it is necessary to make long-distance flights at high altitude, the pressure in the aircraft cabin is equal to the pressure at an altitude of 2.5 km. Airborne jumps from IL-76 have been considered one of the safest and most effective types landing. In emergency cases, all seats are equipped with oxygen masks, so all paratroopers have the opportunity to receive oxygen nutrition individually.

Pre-jump training in the Airborne Forces

Before you prepare a real paratrooper, you need to go through a serious combat training. Pre-jump training in the Airborne Forces is set at the most modern level. Not a single paratrooper is allowed to actually jump with a parachute without thorough special training.

IL-76 is an aircraft that fully corresponds to the tasks that are set before the paratroopers. In the cabin of the aircraft, all the nuances are provided, thanks to which the safety of skydiving is achieved. Traffic lights are installed at all exits from the aircraft. There are traffic lights on both sides of the ramp. The green light lights up with the inscription "Go", yellow - with the command "Get ready", red - with the command "Hang up". When the yellow traffic light is turned on, a short siren is turned on simultaneously, and when the green traffic light is turned on, a long roaring siren is turned on. She continues to roar until there is not a single paratrooper left on the plane.

Every paratrooper who performed parachute jumps in the Airborne Forces will never be able to forget this siren. During a long-haul flight, the engine hums smoothly and calmly, which encourages sleep, but because of the sound of a siren, nothing remains of sleep. After the command "Ready" and a short warning siren, each paratrooper jumps, waiting for the command to jump into the sky.

Photo and video of airborne jumps

Photos of airborne jumps are particularly spectacular. You can admire the parachutists flying in the sky, the second suspended deck of the Il-76MD transport, the cargo compartment of the Il-76. Due to the increased capacity, the cargo compartment of the Il-76 transport can accommodate three BMD-1s, and can parachute them by parachute or landing method.

Among the capabilities of the aircraft is the landing of four cargoes weighing 10 tons each, or two cargoes weighing 21 tons each. The IL-76MD is produced in a two-deck version and is capable of carrying up to 225 fighters, and not more than 145 fighters, as in a single-deck version.

Watching the landing of equipment from the Il-76 aircraft is always delightful. Jumping Airborne Forces video, thanks to the Internet today everyone can watch. An interesting fact is the establishment of high-altitude world records by Soviet paratroopers. These jumps of our paratroopers were made in 1975, and then in 1977. Girls jumped with parachutes from an Il-76 aircraft flying at an altitude of over fifteen thousand meters. And no one has managed to break the records set then.

Video airborne jumping with a parachute can convey the external impression of this unique and exciting process. And the skydivers themselves consider this the most exciting moments of their lives. Each jump is different from the previous one. Especially a lot of emotions delivers the first jump.

To jump with a parachute D-5 requires an altitude of 800 to 1000 meters. With a minimum throw height of 600 meters. The period from the moment you get off the plane to the moment when the parachute should open is 200 meters. The parachutist has to fly under the dome for about six hundred meters.

Today, instead of the parachutes of the old systems, they use the D-10 landing parachute, with a dome area of ​​​​100 square meters, improved parameters and a shape resembling a squash. The D-12, Listik, recognized as excellent parachute system which has no analogues in the world.

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Cash reward for skydiving (landing with equipment)

170. To military personnel for parachute jumps (landing with equipment) from aircraft (helicopters), provided for by the approved combat (training) training plan, as well as experimental jumps performed on the instructions of the commander in chief Air force or, respectively, the commander Airborne troops, head of the Air Force and Air Defense Navy, the cash reward is paid in the following amounts:

171. Servicemen with the rank of master parachuting or master international class or an honored master of parachuting, a monetary reward is paid for each jump from an airplane, starting from 201 to 1000 jumps, in the amount of 12 percent, and for each jump, starting from 1001, in the amount of 13 percent of the salary for a military position for 10 tariff category (Appendix N 2 to this Procedure).
172. For each complicated parachute jump, but for no more than two complication factors, and for the graduate who has made a parachute jump, for no more than three complication factors, the amount of monetary reward increases by 2 percent of the salary for a military position in the 10th tariff category ( Appendix No. 2 to this Procedure).
Complicated jumps include:
for fulfilling the duties of a releaser (when making a jump);
with a parachute opening delay of at least 20 s, including with fall stabilization;
to a limited area;
in difficult weather conditions (when the height of the lower edge of the clouds is below the specified throw height);
when the wind speed near the ground is more than 5 m/s;
to landing sites (exceeding 500 m above sea level);
at night, on water (except for jumping in diving equipment) or forest;
with weapons (except for a pistol);
With cargo container weighing more than 4 kg, not counting the service equipment;
following the landing equipment;
from heights less than 500 m and more than 4000 m;
from an aircraft at a flight speed of over 200 km/h.
173. For parachute jumps made by the ejection method and on the water in diving equipment, the amount of monetary compensation calculated in the manner prescribed by paragraphs 171-172 of this Procedure is increased by the decision of the commander of the military unit to 4 percent of the salary for a military position for 10 tariff category ( Appendix N 2 to this Procedure) depending on the complexity of the jump.
For landing inside the equipment or together with it, a monetary reward is paid in the amount of 20 percent of the salary for a military position in the 10th tariff category (Appendix No. 2 to this Procedure) to each serviceman.
174. When making experimental jumps in excess of the monetary reward provided for in paragraphs 171 - 172 of this Procedure, an additional 3 to 10 percent of the salary for a military position in the 10th tariff category (Appendix No. 2 to this Procedure) is paid, depending on the complexity of the jump.
The amount of additional remuneration for each experimental jump is determined by the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force or, respectively, the commander of the Airborne Forces, the head of the Air Force and Air Defense of the Navy, upon approval of the report on the jump.
175. The monetary reward to the military personnel specified in subparagraphs "a" and "b" of paragraph 170 of this Procedure is paid for no more than two jumps, to the military personnel indicated in subparagraph "c" of the same paragraph - for no more than three jumps made one day. This restriction does not apply to experimental jumps.
Military personnel who have the title of master of parachuting or master of international class or honored master of parachuting are paid a monetary reward for all parachute jumps made within one day, but within the limits of paid jumps.
176. Monetary remuneration during the calendar year is paid for parachute jumps made according to the combat (training) training plan, but not more than within the annual norms of paid jumps established for certain categories of military personnel officials specified in paragraph 170 of this Procedure.
177. Military personnel who are members of sports parachute teams are paid monetary rewards for parachute jumps made according to the combat (training) training plan, but not more than:
for teams of formations, associations and military educational institutions vocational education- 150 jumps per year;
for teams of combined services of the Armed Forces and branches of the Armed Forces - 200 jumps per year;
for teams of national teams of the Armed Forces and servicemen of the 3rd Central Sports Parachute Club - 400 jumps per year.
Servicemen who are part of the combined sports parachute teams of the branches of the Armed Forces and branches of the Armed Forces, in addition to the specified norm, are allowed to make 50 paid parachute jumps in preparation for the championship of the Armed Forces and each international competition.
178. Cash reward paid military unit, in which the jumps were made, on the basis of the order of the commander of the military unit, indicating in it the date of each jump, complication factors and what the jump is in a row.
When determining the amount of monetary remuneration, all documented parachute jumps made by a serviceman, including in the period before conscription (entry) for military service, are taken into account.
179. Cash reward is not paid for parachute jumps made:
not according to the combat (training) training plan;
in excess of two or three jumps per day for the relevant categories of military personnel;
in excess of the annual rate of paid jumps established for a separate category of military personnel.
180. Citizens called up in accordance with the established procedure for training and verification camps, performing parachute jumps (landing with equipment) during these training camps, monetary rewards are subject to payment in the manner and amounts established by paragraphs 170 - 179 of this Procedure for the relevant categories of military personnel.