Missile complex "Iskander. "Iskander-M" will receive new, terrible for the enemy, missiles & nbsp Iskander Chief Designer

DATA FOR 2017 (standard replenishment, v.2)

SPU 9P78-1 with 9M723 ballistic missiles of the 9K720 Iskander-M missile system of the first serial brigade set on the day of transfer of equipment from the 107th RBR. Kapustin Yar, June 28, 2013 (http://i-korotchenko.livejournal.com).

The composition and staff structure of the Iskander-M complex:
The complex includes:
- SPU 9P78-1 for 2 missiles;

SPU 9P78-1 complex "Iskander-M" on display military equipment within the framework of the Ural exhibition of weapons, Nizhny Tagil, 2000 (http://militaryphotos.net).

SPU 9P78-1 with a model of the 9M723 rocket. 26th Neman Red Banner Rocket Brigade. October 20, 2011 (http://www.mil.ru).

TZM 9T250 / 9T250E for 2 missiles, equipped with a jib crane; according to some unconfirmed reports, in an extreme situation, the TZM of the complex can launch missiles - probably, we are talking about launching from some kind of launch pad in the back of the TZM.
Chassis - MZKT-7930
Calculation - 2 people
Weight - 40000 kg
Crane lifting capacity - 5800 kg
Highway speed - 70 km / h
Fuel range - 1000 km
Reload time of one rocket - 16 min

TZM 9T250 (photo and drawing "KBM", drawing - photo from MVVS-2010 from Denis KA, http://forums.airbase.ru)

Loading SPU complex "Iskander-M" 9P78-1 with TZM 9T250 training missile 9M723. On the first photo TZM 9T250. Demonstration exercises of the 26th Neman Red Banner Rocket Brigade. October 20, 2011 (http://www.mil.ru).

Rigging equipment TZM 9T250 of the Iskander-M complex. Kubinka, forum "Army-2015", 06/17/2015 (photo - Sergey Karpukhin, Reuters).

Command and staff vehicle 9S552 / 9S552E on the KamAZ chassis - provides control of the firepower of the battery, division; provides communication between divisions, receiving target designation from external and higher structures;

Calculation - 4 people
Automated workplaces - 4

Radio communication range - 50 km (on the march), 350 km (in the parking lot).

Number of communication channels - up to 16

Data reception and transmission speed - up to 16 kbps (radio modem, radio stations)

Time limit for calculating a combat mission - 10 s

The time limit for transmitting commands to the PPI is 15 s

The time limit for full deployment-collapse, taking into account external antennas - 30 min

Information preparation point 9S920 / 9S920E on the KamAZ-43101 chassis - provides information preparation for strikes, prepares information for the correlation-type seeker;

Calculation - 4 people
Automated workplaces - 2
Number of communication channels - up to 16
Information transfer-reception rate - up to 16 kbps (radio modem, radio stations R-168-100KAE "Aqueduct" manufactured by the Yaroslavl Radio Plant )
The time limit for determining the coordinates of the target point is 30-120 s

The time limit for issuing target designation commands to the SPU is 60 s

Time of continuous work - 48 hours

Machine information preparation point 9S920 on the KamAZ-43101 chassis (photo "KBM")

The machine of regulations and maintenance on the KamAZ-43101 chassis is used to carry out routine and verification work with missiles with and without removing them from the container. The study of the missile design shows that routine maintenance with missiles of the 9M723 type can be carried out in any of their positions - on the launcher, in the TZM, on carts of arsenal equipment. Rocket test plugs are located on the front bondage ring.

Calculation - 2 people

Weight - 13500 kg

Deployment time from the move - 20 min

Rocket check time - 18 min

Vehicle regulations and maintenance on the chassis KamAZ-43101 (photo "KBM")

Life support vehicle 9T248 on the KamAZ-5350 chassis

Life support vehicle 2T248 (photo "KBM")

Life support vehicle 2T248 (photo by Melnikov A.E., 2015,)

A set of arsenal equipment - containers for the transportation and storage of warheads and rocket blocks, traverses, carts and lodgements.

The staffing structure of units with Iskander-M complexes:
The Iskander complexes were consolidated into missile brigades of 2-3 divisional composition. it is possible to form a separate missile division. The division includes 2-3 missile batteries, KShM and PPI. The missile battery includes 2-3 complexes (2-3 SPU + 1 TZM), KShM. As of 2009, a 2-battery composition of divisions in the Russian Armed Forces was announced. According to our assessment, the most probable is the 2-divisional composition of RBRs - in this case, one RBR should include 8 SPUs of the complex, which allows you to deploy the desired number of RBRs as quickly as possible in conditions of minimal growth in the production of missiles and systems of the complex.

The first military missile brigade was fully equipped with complexes in 2010. According to the equipment program new technology and armament of the Russian Armed Forces until 2020, it is planned to equip missile brigades with 12 Iskander-M complexes. This means that a full-fledged brigade includes three missile divisions with 2 batteries of 2 complexes each ().

Brigade kit sample 2014-2015 includes:
- 12 launchers
- 12 transport-loading vehicles
- 11 command and staff vehicles
- 14 life support vehicles
- 1 car of regulations and maintenance
- 1 information preparation point.
A total of 51 pieces of equipment. The brigade is also equipped with missile ammunition, an arsenal kit, training equipment (,).

Status: Russia:

May 10, 1996 - the rocket and SPU of the complex were shown to the President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin during his visit to the 4th State Central Training Ground of the Russian Ministry of Defense Kapustin Yar.

December 25, 1998 - The FSB arrested two private entrepreneurs from the city of Kolomna and an employee of the KBM for attempting to transfer secret documentation on the 9M723 product to Western intelligence services.

July 11, 2000 - the Iskander-E complex (on the MZKT-7930 chassis) was presented at the Ural Expo ARMZ-2000 exhibition in Nizhny Tagil. At the exhibition, information was announced that a total of 2 Iskander complexes have been produced by industry and are being tested.

2004 - a contract was signed for the supply of 18 Iskander-E complexes to Syria, later canceled under pressure from the United States and Israel. It was assumed that the delivery would be made in 2007-2008. Plan for the supply of Iskander complexes to the Russian Armed Forces for 2004 - 4 units (division, no confirmation of completion). A plan for 2005 has been announced - it is planned to put into service 2 Iskander-M complexes.

March 2005 - the first 9K720 complexes entered service with the 630th separate missile division of the 60th Combat Use Center (Kapustin Yar, apparently 2 units, according to media reports, it was planned to deliver 3 units in 2005). The complete equipment of a separate missile battalion was completed by January 2007. It is planned to start arming with complexes of missile brigades: composition - 3 missile battalions, each with three batteries - each with 3 SPUs and means of support - a total of 27 complexes and 100 missiles for them . Incl. it is planned to equip the 103rd ORBR of the Siberian Military District and the 107th ORBR of the Far Eastern Military District with the complexes (as of 2009, the re-equipment of these brigades has not begun or this has not been reported).

July 2006 - Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov announced that in 2007-1015. The Russian Armed Forces will receive 60 Iskander-M complexes and 120 missiles for them (5 missile brigades). Consequently, the composition of the brigade is 2-3 divisions of 2 batteries of 2 SPUs in a battery = most likely 12 SPUs in the RBR.

2006 - the Iskander-M complex was adopted by the Russian Armed Forces. By 2015, it is planned to arm 5 RBRs (individual missile brigades) with the complex and complete the deployment of the group (60 SPUs). According to media reports, 4 complexes were delivered to the Russian Armed Forces during the year. Total - maximum, 7 complexes in the Russian Armed Forces (doubtful).

January 2007 - the 630th ORDN was completed with the Iskander-M complexes manufactured by the Barrikady software - 2 batteries, 2 complexes each (total - 4 complexes in the ORDN and, probably, in the Russian Armed Forces).

May 29, 2007 - Iskander and R-500 missiles were launched at the Kapustin Yar test site (the last - the first launch). Information appeared in the media about the completion of tests of the Iskander-K complex with cruise missile P-500 at the Kapustin Yar training ground. Range - 500 km, cruising speed - 230-260 m / s, flight duration - 24 minutes, warhead weight 500 kg, KVO - about 1 m, engine - economical turbofan engine, adoption is expected in 2009. State tests of R- missiles 500 is planned to start in 2008.

SPU 9P78-1 complex 9K720 "Iskander-M" of the 630th missile division. Probably SPU with 9M723K5 missile, Kapustin Yar test site, 08/22/2007 (photo by Vadim Savitsky, http://twower.livejournal.com).

2007 - the media announced that the 92nd separate missile brigade of the Volga-Ural Military District and the 107th separate missile brigade of the Far Eastern Military District began to arm with 9K720 complexes. The staffing of the brigades is planned to be completed by 2011. According to media reports, 4 complexes were delivered to the Russian Armed Forces during the year (there is also a figure of 3 pieces). Total - probably, 7-8 complexes in the Russian Armed Forces.

May 9, 2008 - the missile division of the SPU and TZM of the Iskander complexes, probably the 630th ORND of the North Caucasian Military District, took part in the parade on Red Square in Moscow.

SPU of the Iskander-M complex at the parade on May 9, 2008 in Moscow (photo by Andrey Kuzmin, taken from the site http://militaryparitet.com)

November 5, 2008 - Russian President Dmitry Medvedev announced that it was planned to deploy a missile brigade of Iskander complexes in the Kaliningrad region to neutralize US missile defense systems that were supposed to be deployed in Poland.

2008 December - production plans for 2009-2011 were announced. - it is planned to supply 30 Iskander missiles to the Russian Armed Forces (and, probably, 4 complexes per year).

2008 - according to media reports, 4 complexes were delivered to the Russian Armed Forces during the year (there is also a figure of 3 pieces). Total - probably, 10-12 complexes in the Russian Armed Forces (630th ORDN, and probably ORDN of district training centers and 1-2 incomplete RBRs).

May 9, 2009 - the 630th ORDN of the North Caucasian Military District took part in the parade on Red Square in Moscow with complete set SPU and TZM complexes "Iskander-M".

June 17, 2009 - Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces Nikolai Makarov announced that the rearmament of parts of the North Caucasus Military District and the Kaliningrad Special Region would be completed before 2012.

2009 September 19 - Deputy Minister of Defense of Russia Vladimir Popovkin, in an interview with the Ekho Moskvy radio station, said that after the US refused to deploy missile defense systems in Europe, a decision was made not to deploy Iskander missile systems in the Kaliningrad region.

September 29, 2009 - Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces, General of the Army Vladimir Boldyrev, announced that missile brigades of the Iskander complexes would go to all military districts of Russia. The first brigade will be fully staffed in 2010.

October 20, 2009 - notice of open competition for the right to conclude an agreement for the development of design documentation: "Reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Votkinsky Zavod", Votkinsk, Udmurt Republic, to ensure the mass production of Iskander-M products. Estimated cost of re-equipment of production - 308 million rubles ., the completion date for the rearmament according to the plan is 2012.

November 6, 2009 - Lieutenant-General Sergei Bogatinov, head of the Missile Forces and Artillery of the Russian Armed Forces, announced that by the end of 2010 one of the missile brigades of the Russian ground forces would be completely re-equipped with Iskander-M operational-tactical missile systems.

November 12, 2009 - President Dmitry Medvedev announced in his annual message to the Federal Assembly that in 2010 the Russian Armed Forces would receive 5 Iskander systems. Earlier, officials said that in 2010 it is planned to purchase 3 complexes and 13 missiles for them.

2009 end of the year - according to media reports, 4 complexes were delivered to the Russian Armed Forces during the year (at least 3 units, according to our estimate). In total - probably 8-9-16 complexes in the Russian Armed Forces (taking into account possible non-fulfillment of plans in previous years).

- 2010 February 25 - Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces, Colonel General Alexander Postnikov said that during 2010 the Iskander complexes would be armed with a missile brigade of the Leningrad Military District (meaning the 26th RBR).

July 17, 2010 - Commander-in-Chief of the Land Forces, Colonel-General Alexander Postnikov, announced that the missile brigade of the Leningrad military district received the first Iskander OTR complex.

December 14, 2010 - the commander of the Western Military District, Arkady Bakhin, announced that the Western Military District had adopted the Iskander missile systems. Later () information appeared that in 2010 the armament of the first military missile brigade with 12 Iskander-M complexes was completed.

Probably the 630th ORDN is preparing for a parade on Red Square in Moscow, 05/09/2011 (photo editing by Renat Dunyashov, http://taek.livejournal.com).

2011 August 4 - signing of the contract Z / 3 / 1 / 24-11-DGOZ for the supply of Iskander-M missile systems with brigade sets of two sets per year ()

September 22, 2011 - during the command and staff exercises "Center-2011", conducted, among other things, at the 4th Main Central Interspecific Range Kapustin Yar, group launches of the Iskander-M, "" and MLRS "Smerch" were made. In total, two missiles similar to 9M723K5 missiles were launched.

The operation of the SPU 9P78-1 battery during a group launch of OTP type 9M723K5 or similar complex 9K720 "Iskander-M" during the exercises "Center-2011", Kapustin YAR training ground, 09/22/2011 (http://www.mil.ru ).

Launches from SPU 9P78-1 of the 9K720 Iskander-M complex, Kapustin Yar training ground, 08/22/2011 (photo by Vadim Savitsky, http://twower.livejournal.com).

Group launch of OTR type 9M723K5 or similar complex 9K720 "Iskander-M" and OTR 9M79 complexes 9K79-1 "Tochka-U" during the exercises "Tsentr-2011", Kapustin Yar training ground, 22.08.2011 (http://www .mil.ru).

- 2011 October 11 - at the Kapustin Yar test site with one of the experimental SPU 9P78-1 of the 9K720 Iskander-M complex, a test launch of a rocket with a new type of combat equipment was carried out. From this SPU for the entire period of its operation, 27 missile launches were made.

October 21, 2011 - Information appeared in the media that the 26th missile brigade (Luga, Western Military District) was re-equipped with 9K720 Iskander-M systems. Some media reports say that the first brigade of the Russian Armed Forces is armed with Iskander-M complexes.

November 14, 2011 - the media reported on the successful test of the 9M723 missile with a correlation optical seeker. KVO is called at the level of 5 meters. In 2012, the tested complex with a new type of missile will be transferred from the 60th combat use center in Kapustin Yar to the 26th Neman missile brigade (Luga).

July 3, 2012 - RIA Novosti, citing the President of Russia, reports that by 2020, within the framework of the State Armaments Program, 10 Iskander-M "brigade missile systems" will be delivered to the ground forces. Probably we are talking about brigade kits. According to media reports, one brigade set includes 12 SPUs of the complex.

September 17-23, 2012 - at the training grounds Prudboy, Kapustin Yar, Ashuluk and Raevskoye, it is planned to carry out maneuvers "Kavkaz-2012" within which it is supposed, incl. firing live missiles of the Iskander complex ().

November 22, 2012 - on the official website of the Ministry of Defense it is reported that in part of the Southern Military District in Volgograd region and the Krasnodar Territory during 2012 were supplied by the Iskander missile system.

February 09, 2013 - Major General Alexander Lapin, commander of the 20th Army of the Western Military District, told the media that in the near future the Iskander-M complexes () would enter service with the army.

February 12, 2013 - Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces of the Russian Federation, Colonel-General Vladimir Chirkin, inspected the Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, where specialists are trained to work on the Iskander missile systems ().

SPU 9P78-1 of the Iskander-M missile system, Moscow, preparation for the parade, May 07, 2013 (photo - pfc-joker, http://pfc-joker.livejournal.com).

June 24, 2013 - Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Yuri Borisov announced that in 2013 the delivery of "the first brigade sets of complexes" will begin. Previously, manufacturers of various elements of the Iskander complex supplied their products to the troops on their own: command and staff vehicles, launchers, as well as missile warheads and carriers were supplied separately. "In 2013, it is planned to supply the first brigade sets (OTRK Iskander)", Borisov told RIA Novosti.

RK "Iskander-M" on firing in Luga, Leningrad region. In the second frame, you can see cloudy from the shooting of the drag clip. 09/22/2013 (frames of the Zvezda TV channel, http://function.mil.ru).

November 14, 2013 - at the Kapustin Yar training ground, a brigade set of Iskander-M missile systems () was handed over to the personnel of one of the missile brigades of the Russian ground forces (). The brigade set was handed over to the brigade of the Southern Military District. In general, starting from 2013, it is planned to transfer to the armed forces two brigade sets per year ().

SPU 9P78-1 with 9M723 ballistic missiles and R-500 cruise missiles of the 9K720 Iskander-M missile system of the second serial brigade set on the day of transfer of equipment from the 1st RBR. Kapustin Yar, November 14, 2013 (http://vk34.ru/).

SPU 9P78-1 with R-500 cruise missiles of the 9K720 Iskander-M missile system of the second serial brigade set on the day of transfer of equipment from the 1st RBR. Kapustin Yar, November 14, 2013 (http://vk34.ru/, video report).

2013 December 15 - German weekly Bild with reference to satellite imagery announces the deployment of at least 10 Iskander-M missile launchers in the Kaliningrad region - in Kaliningrad, as well as along the borders with the Baltic states (). On December 16, a statement from the Russian Ministry of Defense says: "The areas of deployment of the Iskander missile battalions on the territory of the Western Military District (ZVO) do not contradict international agreements" (). Thus, the fact of the deployment of missiles has not been refuted, but not confirmed either.

December 18, 2013 - the first division of the brigade set of Iskander-M complexes entered Krasnodar at the location of the 1st Guards. Missile Orsha Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Brigade (former 114th RBR,).

December 19, 2013 - it was announced at a press conference that the decision to deploy the Iskander-M missile systems in Kaliningrad had not yet been made. Thus, probably, there were either no missile systems at all or they were temporarily located in the Kaliningrad region.

February 11, 2014 - The media report on the ongoing development of KBM new rocket for the Iskander-M complex without specifying the rocket specification ().

July 8, 2014 - a brigade set of Iskander-M missile systems (12 SPU, ) was handed over to the missilemen of the Western Military District in Kapustin Yar.

May 20, 2015 - the leadership of Ukraine declares in the media that 10 Iskander-M missile systems have been deployed in Crimea (the area of ​​the village of Schelkovo - Cape Kazantip and the city of Krasnoperekopsk). The first mention of deployment in the Ukrainian media refers to December 2014. According to media reports, a total of 3 missile divisions are planned to be deployed. Additional deployment points - the city of Dzhankoy and the village of Chernomorskoye ().

2015 end of July - a missile brigade stationed in the Krasnodar Territory (probably the 1st Guards Missile Brigade) will conduct exercises at the Karustin Yar training ground with combat launches of Iskander-M missiles at a distance of up to 300 km ().

September 15, 2015 - at the Kapustin Yar training ground, the calculation of the missile formation of the Southern Military District carried out combat launches of missiles of the Iskander-M complex at targets 300 km away ().

October 30, 2015 - the R-500 cruise missile of the Iskander-M complex was launched at the Kapustin Yar training ground. The launch was carried out as part of the exercises of the strategic forces control system of the Russian Armed Forces (http://mil.ru).

Launch of the R-500 cruise missile of the Iskander-M complex from the Kapustin Yar training ground as part of the exercises of the strategic forces control system of the Russian Armed Forces, 10/30/2015 (video footage of the Russian Ministry of Defense, http://mil.ru).

A frame from the TV program "Serving Russia!" TV channel "Zvezda" dated March 27, 2016, which depicts an object similar to the SPU 9P78-1 of the 9K720 "Iskander-M" complex on the territory of the Khmeimim airbase, Syria.

June 28, 2016 - another brigade set of Iskander-M complexes (51 vehicles) was transferred missile forces ground forces of the Eastern District (5th combined arms army) at the Kapustin Yar training ground ().

Receipt of complexes"Iskander" / "Iskander-M" in the Russian Armed Forces * (version dated 06/28/2016):

As part of the Russian Armed Forces according to our data, they are armed with Iskander / Iskander-M complexes (data as of 11/09/2016, not complete):

The complex is designed to engage combat units in conventional equipment of small-sized and area targets in the depth of the operational formation of enemy troops. Supposed to be a tactical delivery vehicle nuclear weapons.

Most Likely Targets:

- means of fire damage (missile systems, jet systems salvo fire, long-range artillery);

- means of anti-missile and air defense;

- airplanes and helicopters at airfields;

- command posts and communication centers;

— the most important objects of civil infrastructure.

The main features of the Iskander OTRK are:

- high-precision effective defeat of various types of targets;

- the possibility of covert combat duty, preparation for combat use and launching missile strikes;

- automatic calculation and input of the flight task for missiles when they are placed on the launcher;

- high probability of performing a combat mission in the face of active opposition from the enemy;

- high operational reliability of the rocket and its non-failure operation in preparation for launch and in flight;

- high tactical maneuverability due to the placement of combat vehicles on automobile all-wheel drive chassis of high cross-country ability;

- high strategic mobility, which is ensured by the possibility of transporting combat vehicles by all modes of transport, including aviation;

— high degree process automation combat control missile divisions;

- fast processing and timely delivery of intelligence information to the necessary levels of command and control;

- long service life and ease of use.

Combat characteristics:

- circular probable deviation: 1 ... 30 m;
— launch weight of the rocket 3 800 kg;
- length 7.2 m;
— diameter 920 mm;
— weight of the warhead 480 kg;
- rocket speed after the initial part of the trajectory 2100 m / s;
- the minimum range of hitting a target is 50 km;
- the maximum range of hitting the target:
500 km Iskander-K
280 km Iskander-E
- time before the launch of the first rocket 4 ... 16 minutes;
- interval between launches: 1 minute
— service life: 10 years, including 3 years in the field.

The main elements that make up the Iskander OTRK are:

- rocket,
— self-propelled launcher,
- transport and loading machine,
- routine maintenance machine,
- command and control vehicle
- point of information preparation,
- a set of arsenal equipment,
- training aids.

Self-propelled launcher(SPU) - designed to store, transport, prepare and launch two missiles at a target (in the export version 1 missile). SPU can be implemented on the basis of a special wheeled chassis MZKT-7930 manufactured by the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant. GVW 42 t, payload 19 t, highway/dirt road speed 70/40 km/h, fuel range 1000 km. Calculation 3 people.

Transport-loading vehicle(TZM) - designed to transport an additional two missiles. TZM is implemented on the MZKT-7930 chassis, equipped with a loading crane. Full combat weight 40 tons. Calculation of 2 people.

Command vehicle(KShM) - designed to control the entire Iskander complex. Implemented on the KamAZ-43101 wheeled chassis. Calculation 4 people. KShM CHARACTERISTICS:
- maximum radio communication range in the parking lot / on the march: 350/50 km
— task calculation time for missiles: up to 10 s
- command transmission time: up to 15 s
— number of communication channels: up to 16
- unfolding (clotting) time: up to 30 minutes
– continuous work time: 48 hours

Machine regulations and maintenance(MRTO) - designed to check the on-board equipment of missiles and instruments, for current repairs. Implemented on a KamAZ wheeled chassis. The mass is 13.5 tons, the deployment time does not exceed 20 minutes, the time of the automated routine check cycle of the on-board equipment of the rocket is 18 minutes, the calculation is 2 people.

Information preparation point(PPI) - designed to determine the coordinates of the target and prepare flight missions for missiles with their subsequent transfer to the SPU. PPI is integrated with reconnaissance means and can receive tasks and assigned targets from all necessary sources, including from a satellite, aircraft or drone. Calculation 2 people.

life support machine(MJO) - designed to accommodate, rest and eat combat crews. Implemented on a KamAZ-43118 wheeled chassis. The machine includes: a rest compartment and a household supply compartment. The rest compartment has 6 wagon-type beds with folding upper deck chairs, 2 lockers, built-in lockers, an opening window. The household supply compartment has 2 lockers with seats, a folding lifting table, a water supply system with a 300-liter tank, a tank for heating water, a pump for pumping water, a drain system, a sink, a dryer for clothes and shoes.

ROCKET complex "Iskander" is a solid-propellant, single-stage, with an inseparable warhead in flight, controlled and energetically maneuverable rocket throughout the flight path that is difficult to predict. It maneuvers especially actively on the starting and final stages of the flight, on which it approaches the target with a high (20-30 units) overload.
This necessitates the flight of an anti-missile to intercept the Iskander OTRK missile with an overload 2-3 times greater, which is currently almost impossible.

Most of the trajectory of the Iskander missile, made using stealth technology with a small reflective surface, passes at an altitude of 50 km, which also significantly reduces the likelihood of it being hit by the enemy. The effect of "invisibility" is provided by the combination design features missiles and surface treatment with special coatings.

To bring the missile to the target is used inertial control system, which is subsequently captured by an autonomous correlation-extreme optical homing head (GOS). The principle of operation of the missile homing system is based on the formation by the optical equipment of the GOS of the image of the terrain in the target area, which the on-board computer compares with the standard introduced into it when preparing the missile for launch.

Optical homing head is characterized by increased sensitivity and resistance to existing electronic warfare equipment, which allows missile launches on moonless nights without additional natural illumination and hit a moving target with an error of plus or minus two meters. At present, no other similar missile system in the world, except for the Iskander OTRK, can solve such a problem.

It is characteristic that the optical homing system used in the rocket does not need corrective signals from space radio navigation systems, which in a crisis situation can be disabled by radio interference or simply turned off. The integrated use of an inertial control system with satellite navigation equipment and an optical seeker made it possible to create a missile that hits a given target in almost any possible conditions. The homing head installed on the Iskander OTRK missile can be installed on ballistic and cruise missiles of various classes and types.

Types of combat units
- cassette with fragmentation submunitions of non-contact detonation (work at a height of about 10 m above the ground)
- cassette with cumulative fragmentation submunitions
- cassette with self-aiming submunitions
- cassette volumetric detonating action
- high-explosive fragmentation (OFBCH)
- high-explosive incendiary
- penetrating (PrBCh)
The cluster warhead contains 54 combat elements.

The Iskander complex is integrated with various intelligence and control systems. It is capable of receiving information about a target assigned to hit from a satellite, reconnaissance aircraft or an unmanned aerial vehicle (of the Reis-D type) to an information preparation point (PPI). It calculates the flight task for the rocket and prepares the reference information for the rockets.

This information is transmitted via radio channels to the command and staff vehicles of the battalion commanders and batteries, and from there to the launchers. Commands to launch missiles can come from the KShM or from the command posts of senior artillery commanders.

The placement of two missiles on each SPU and TZM significantly increases the firepower of missile battalions, and a one-minute interval between missile launches at different targets ensures high fire performance. In terms of its effectiveness, taking into account the total combat capabilities, operational-tactical the Iskander missile system is equivalent to a nuclear weapon.

/Alex Varlamik, based on materials from arms-expo.ru and wikipedia.org/

A modern strike weapon system capable of using various types of guided missiles with trajectories that hinder the operation of missile defense systems.

"Iskander" is sometimes referred to as the "family of missile systems" due to variety of possible equipment. It was developed by the Kolomna "KB Mashinostroeniya" according to the terms of reference from the end 1980s , first shown in 1999, adopted in 2006. It is the heir to the missile systems of the ground forces "Tochka" ("Point-U" ) and "Oka", but significantly surpasses them in performance and tactical capabilities.

Since 2007 he has been in the army. From 2013, Iskander purchases will not be carried out in parts, as before, but immediately by brigade sets of equipment. According to the plans of the State Armament Program until 2020, the ground forces will receive at least 120 complexes (ten brigade sets).

The Iskander is mounted on an autonomous self-propelled launcher. Two missiles are placed on a single wheeled chassis in a closed case. The type of missiles is different, depending on the modification of the complex. Iskander has three of them (in fact, these are separate missile systems): Iskander-M, Iskander-E and Iskander-K.

Self-propelled launcher "Iskander-M" carries two tactical ballistic missiles 9 M723-1. Solid propellant engine. The equipment of missiles at the complexes of the ground forces is traditionally the most diverse. These are cluster warheads with fragmentation and cumulative elements, including self-aiming ones (they open at an altitude of 900-1400 meters and fire a cloud of damaging elements over the target). These are conventional high-explosive fragmentation warheads. These are high-explosive incendiary parts. These are penetrating warheads for destroying buried targets such as bunkers. And, finally, these are “special” (nuclear) warheads.

According to a number of reports, it is possible to equip missiles with correction systems in the final flight segment (radar or optical), which increases its accuracy in the final segment literally up to a circle with a radius of 1-2 meters from the aiming point, and also, if necessary, allows you to work on the target autonomously (without the participation of external target designation and space navigation systems - the use of satellite correction, by the way, is also provided on the rocket). Not a single operational-tactical missile system in the world has such capabilities.

The firing range is 400-500 km (up to the upper limit limited by the 1987 treaty on intermediate and shorter range missiles), the mass of the rocket is 3800 kg, of which 480 kg is the warhead.

The fundamental difference between the 9 M723-1 rocket and its predecessors is the so-called “quasi-ballistic” trajectory. The missile is controlled throughout the flight (and not in the upper stage, like a conventional ballistic missile) through the use of aero- and gas-dynamic rudders. This not only provides high-precision targeting, but also does not make it possible to "predict" it. ballistic trajectory falling on radar notches, which makes it difficult to intercept the missile by means of tactical missile defense.

The export version of Iskander-E is a tactical ballistic missile system 9M723E with coarse characteristics. In particular, the missile range is limited to 280 km according to international regimes control over the spread of missile technologies.

The most interesting is the most secret version of the complex - "Iskander-K" (tested in May 2007). Here the complex is used as a launch platform for the latest R-500 cruise missiles. In principle, the use of such land-based cruise missiles with a range of more than 500 km is also prohibited by the INF Treaty. So the range of the Iskander in this version is 500 km.

The index of the complex is 9K720, according to the classification of the US Defense Ministry and NATO - SS-26 Stone, eng. Stone

Family of operational-tactical missile systems (OTRK): Iskander, Iskander-E, Iskander-K, Iskander-M. The complex was created in the Kolomna Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering (KBM). For the first time, the Iskander was shown publicly in August 1999 at the MAKS aerospace show.

Story

The development of the Iskander OTRK was started in accordance with the Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated December 21, 1988 No. 1452-294 “on the start of development work on the creation of the Iskander OTRK”, as a result, including the personal efforts of the chief KBM designer S. P. Invincible, who proved Military Industrial Commission Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the need to create a missile system instead of the Oka OTRK, which does not fall under the provisions of the treaty with the United States on the INF Treaty.

On October 11, 2011, the first stage of testing the updated Iskander-M missile system with new combat equipment was completed. The 9M723 missile of the Iskander-M complex is equipped with a new, correlation guidance system.

Ammunition

The Iskander complex includes two types of missiles: ballistic 9M723 and cruise missiles bearing the index 9M728.

The rocket of the 9M723 complex has one stage with a solid propellant engine.

The trajectory of movement is quasi-ballistic (not ballistic, maneuvering), the rocket is controlled throughout the flight using aerodynamic and gas-dynamic rudders. Made with the use of technologies for reducing radar visibility (the so-called "stealth technologies"): small scattering surface, special coatings, small size of protruding parts. Most of the flight takes place at an altitude of about 50 km. The rocket conducts intensive maneuvering with overloads of the order of 20-30 units in the initial and final sections of the flight. The guidance system is mixed: inertial in the initial and middle sections of the flight and optical (using the GOS developed by TsNIIAG) in the final section of the flight, which achieves a high hit accuracy of 5-7 m. It is possible to use GPS / GLONASS in addition to the inertial guidance system. There are several modifications of the rocket that differ in warhead and telemetry.

On September 20, 2014, during the Vostok-2014 command-and-staff exercises, the Iskander-M missile system was fired for the first time with a 9M728 type cruise missile. The launches were made by the 107th separate missile brigade (Birobidzhan). Developer and manufacturer - OKB "Novator". Chief designer - P.I. Kamenev. Rocket tests took place from 05/30/2007. Firing range: maximum - up to 500 km.

Since 2013, it is planned to supply missiles equipped with an electronic warfare system to the Russian Armed Forces, which provides cover for the missile in the final flight segment. This system includes means of setting passive and active jamming to surveillance and firing radars of anti-aircraft and missile defense the enemy, with the help of noise and the release of decoys.

Options

Option for Russian armed forces, 2 missiles on launchers, the firing range in various sources varies from that declared for Iskander-E - 280 km - up to 500 km (it is not indicated with what type of warhead (warhead mass) the corresponding range is achieved). The flight altitude is 6-50 km, most of them usually pass at maximum altitude. Controllable throughout the flight. The flight path is not ballistic, difficult to predict. The missile is made using the technology of low radar visibility and also has a radar absorbing coating and is a relatively small target in its natural physical size. Predicting a target in an early interception attempt is further complicated by heavy maneuvering during takeoff and descent to the target. When descending to the target, the missile maneuvers with an overload of 20-30 units, descending at a speed of 700-800 m / s (these figures exceed or are on the verge of the capabilities of the best medium-range missile defense / air defense systems), at an angle of about 90 degrees (in some cases only the angle of attack is sufficient for the complete defenselessness of the attacked missile defense system, and even more so for air defense, especially short-range ones), so Iskander-M has a number of advantages over analogues, and high capabilities not only of hitting a target, but even of means of protection in the form modern systems PRO.

The missile carries a complex set of passive and active interference; when approaching the target, false targets and jammers are additionally fired. Sample M is additionally equipped with an electronic warfare system to disrupt the operation of the enemy radar. All this also provides the missile with high combat effectiveness in comparison with simpler similar missiles.

Maneuvering at high altitude is provided by speed and aerodynamic rudders. Such maneuvering is not intensive, but imposes ultra-high demands on the reaction time for the interceptor (in a hundredth of a second, the missiles approach by tens of meters, the reaction time of one of the fastest missile defense systems is more than 5 seconds, as well as air defense systems from open sources). If the interceptor is kinetic, this also requires successful trajectory prediction with high accuracy. In order to successfully intercept a ballistic target with a high probability, previously created before the non-ballistic Iskander complexes, it was early enough to detect a target of the appropriate size and speed, and, having predicted the trajectory, ensure interception. However, Iskander changes his trajectory. The Oka complex, the predecessor of Iskander, could change the target while maintaining a stable trajectory before and after the maneuver, thereby moving away from the interceptor, or at least reduced the effective protection zone, requiring time to recalculate the meeting point.

Export version, firing range 280 km, warhead weight 480 kg. It is a simplified version of the Iskander-M. Rocket maneuvering at high altitude is provided by aerodynamic rudders and a flight speed of 2100 meters per second throughout the high-altitude flight. Satisfies the conditions of the missile technology control regime.

Variant using cruise missiles, firing range 500 km, warhead weight 480 kg. The flight altitude of the rocket is about 7 meters when reaching the target, and not higher than 6 km, the rocket is automatically corrected all the time of the flight and automatically goes around the terrain. For the Iskander-K OTRK, R-500 cruise missiles with a range of 2000 km are also being assembled.

Combat use

There is no reliable information about the combat use of the Iskander complexes, however, there were reports refuted by the Russian military that the complex was used during the Georgian-South Ossetian armed conflict 2008.

According to Shota Utiashvili, head of the Analytical Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia, Russia used Iskander missile systems at facilities in Poti, Gori and the Baku-Supsa pipeline.

In blogs, Utiashvili's statement was widely discussed and was perceived ambiguously, since some of the photographs of several march stages presented as evidence do not refer to the Iskander, but to the 9M79 missiles of the Tochka-U complexes, while the other part of the photographs really shows fragments with applied code 9M723, corresponding to the designation of the missiles of the Iskander complex.

Mikhail Barabanov, an expert in the Moscow Defense Brief, points out that the Iskander complex was used at the base of a separate tank battalion in Gori. As a result of a direct hit of the warhead in the weapons depot of the Georgian battalion, it was blown up. The author notes that this information is based on unverified sources. A Dutch commission investigating the death of RTL Nieuws cameraman Stan Storimans in Gori on August 12, 2008 determined that the journalist had been killed by a single 5mm steel ball. According to the BBC, the Dutch commission expressed an expert opinion that the Iskander was the carrier of the cluster munition, but the report did not indicate on what grounds such a conclusion was made. The Russian Foreign Ministry said that the data provided by the Dutch side is not enough to determine the type of carrier. Earlier, Human Rights Watch put forward another version, according to which the cause of the death of the Dutch journalist was RBC-250 aviation cluster bombs.

Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, Colonel-General Anatoly Nogovitsyn denied all reports of the use of Iskanders in Georgia, saying that the Iskander complex during the fighting in South Ossetia not used.

A little about politics

The Iskander operational-tactical missile system is a weapon that can affect the military-political situation in some regions of the world if the states located in them do not have an extended territory. Therefore, the issues of the location of the Iskander complexes, as well as their export supplies, are the subject of political consultations between the countries.

On November 5, 2008, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, addressing the Federal Assembly, said that the response to the American missile defense system in Poland would be the deployment of Iskander missile systems in the Kaliningrad region. But after the US refused to deploy missile defense in Eastern Europe Medvedev said that in response, Russia would not place this complex in the Kaliningrad region. Due to the escalation of tension between Russia and the United States, at the end of 2011, the issue of deploying the Iskander OTRK in the Kaliningrad region remained open. On November 23, 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev again announced that the Russian Federation was ready to deploy the Iskander complex if NATO countries continue to deploy a missile defense system in Europe.

On January 25, 2012, it became known that the first division of the Iskander tactical missile systems in the Kaliningrad region would be deployed and put on combat duty by Russia in the second half of 2012. However, on the same day, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation denied this information, stating that there was no decision on the approval of the staff of the military unit Baltic Fleet, armed with Iskander missile systems, was not accepted by the General Staff. December 15, 2013 German media, citing sources in the security structures, reported that Russia had deployed Iskander missile systems in the Kaliningrad region. This is evidenced by satellite images showing at least ten Iskander-M complexes deployed in Kaliningrad, as well as along the border with the Baltic countries. The deployment may have taken place during 2013.

The complexes were transferred to the Kaliningrad region during military exercises and a sudden check of the combat readiness of the Western Military District and the Northern Fleet in December 2014 and March 2015.

In 2005, it became known about plans to supply Iskander complexes to Syria. This caused a sharp negative reaction from Israel and the United States. During a visit to Israel, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a ban on such supplies to prevent upsetting the balance of power in the region. In August 2008, during a visit to Moscow, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad expressed his readiness to deploy complexes in Syria.

On February 15, 2010, the President of the unrecognized Transnistria, Igor Smirnov, spoke in favor of deploying Iskanders in the republic in response to plans to deploy US missile defense systems in Romania and Bulgaria.

In service

Russia (as of February 2016): 6 brigades (72 SPU)

26th missile brigade of the Western Military District (Luga) - the re-equipment of the brigade began in 2010 with the delivery of 6 complexes (PU), in 2011 the formation of the first brigade (12 launchers) was completed;
-107th missile brigade of the Air Defense Forces (Birobidzhan) - completely re-equipped on June 28, 2013 (12 launchers);
-1st missile brigade of the Southern Military District (Krasnodar) - the transfer of equipment took place on November 14, 2013 (12 launchers);
-112th separate guards missile brigade of the Western Military District (Shuya) - the transfer of equipment took place on July 8, 2014 (12 launchers);

92nd separate missile brigade (Orenburg) of the Central Military District - the transfer of equipment took place on November 19, 2014 (12 launchers);
-103rd separate missile brigade (Ulan-Ude) VVO - the transfer of equipment took place on July 17, 2015 (12 launchers);
By 2018, it is planned to re-equip all missile brigades on the Iskander OTRK

Main characteristics

Purpose of the complex

Designed to engage combat units in conventional equipment of small and area targets in the depth of the operational formation of enemy troops. It is assumed that it can be a means of delivery of tactical nuclear weapons.

Most likely targets:

Means of fire damage (missile systems, multiple launch rocket systems, long-range artillery)
- means of anti-missile and air defense
-airplanes and helicopters at airfields
- command posts and communication centers
- the most important objects of civil infrastructure

The composition of the complex

The complex includes six types of vehicles (51 units per missile brigade):

-Self-propelled launcher (SPU) (9P78-1)

12 pcs. - designed for storage, transportation, preparation and launch of two missiles at the target. Iskander can be made on the basis of a special wheeled chassis manufactured by the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (MZKT-7930). GVW 42 t, payload 19 t, highway/dirt road speed 70/40 km/h, fuel range 1000 km. Calculation 3 people.

- Transport-loading vehicle (TZM) (9T250 (9T250E))

12 pcs. - designed to transport an additional two missiles. Made on the MZKT-7930 chassis, equipped with a loading crane. Full combat weight 40 tons. Calculation of 2 people.

- Command and staff vehicle (KShM) (9S552)

11 pcs. - designed to control the entire Iskander complex. Assembled on a KAMAZ 43101 wheeled chassis. R-168-100KAE "Aqueduct" radio station. Calculation 4 people. Characteristics of KShM:
-maximum range of radio communication in the parking lot / on the march: 350/50 km
- task calculation time for missiles: up to 10 s
- command transmission time: up to 15 s
- number of communication channels: up to 16
- Deployment (clotting) time: up to 30 minutes
- continuous work time: 48 hours

-Machine regulations and maintenance (MRTO)

Designed to check the on-board equipment of missiles and instruments, to carry out current repairs. Made on a KamAZ wheeled chassis. The mass is 13.5 tons, the deployment time does not exceed 20 minutes, the time of the automated routine check cycle of the on-board equipment of the rocket is 18 minutes, the calculation is 2 people.

- Information preparation point (PPI) (9S920, KAMAZ 43101)

Designed to determine the coordinates of the target and prepare flight missions for missiles with their subsequent transfer to the SPU. PPI is interfaced with reconnaissance means and can receive tasks and assigned targets from all necessary sources, including from a satellite, aircraft or UAV. Calculation 2 people.

- Life support machine (LJO)

14 pcs. - designed to accommodate, rest and eat combat crews. Made on a wheeled chassis KAMAZ 43118. The machine includes: a rest compartment and a household supply compartment. The rest compartment has 6 wagon-type beds with folding upper deck chairs, 2 lockers, built-in lockers, an opening window. The household supply compartment has 2 lockers with seats, a folding lifting table, a water supply system with a 300-liter tank, a tank for heating water, a pump for pumping water, a drain system, a sink, a dryer for clothes and shoes.

-A set of arsenal equipment and training aids

Combat characteristics

Circular error probable: 10-30 m (depending on the guidance system used); 5-7 m ("Iskander-M" using a missile with a correlation seeker)
- Launch weight of the rocket: 3 800 kg
-Warhead weight: 480 kg
- Length: 7.2m
- Diameter: 920mm
-Rocket speed after the initial part of the trajectory: 2,100 m/s. Maximum overloads during the flight - 20-30G (the rocket maneuvers in flight both in height and in the direction of flight). The maximum height of the trajectory is 50 km.

Minimum target engagement range: 50 km
-Maximum target range:
-500 km Iskander-K (2000 km with R-500 cruise missile)
-280 km Iskander-E (export)
- Guidance: INS, GLONASS, Optical seeker
-Time to launch the first rocket: 4-16 minutes
- Interval between launches: 1 minute (for 9P78 launcher with two missiles)
-Temperature operating range: ?50 deg.C to 50 deg.C
- Service life: 10 years, including 3 years in the field

Head types

In normal gear:
- cassette with 54 fragmentation submunitions of non-contact detonation (work at a height of about 10 m above the ground)
- cassette with cumulative fragmentation submunitions
- cassette with self-aiming submunitions
- cassette volumetric detonating action
- high-explosive fragmentation (OFBCH)
- high-explosive incendiary
- penetrating (PrBCh)
-special (nuclear)

Iskander (9K720) is a family of operational-tactical missile systems (OTRK) of the ground forces: Iskander, Iskander-E, Iskander-K, Iskander-M. Designed for covert preparation and delivery of effective missile strikes against especially important small-sized and area targets in the depth of the operational formation of enemy troops.

Iskander missile system - rocket launch video

OTRK "Iskander" (9K720) was created as a result of joint work a group of research institutes, design bureaus and factories under the leadership of the Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering (KBM Kolomna), known as the company that created the Tochka and Oka missile systems. The launcher was developed by the Central Design Bureau "Titan" (Volgograd), the homing system was developed by the Central Research Institute of Automation and Hydraulics (Moscow).

Under the conditions of the 1987 INF Treaty and the renunciation of the use of nuclear weapons in the theater of operations, a number of fundamentally new requirements are imposed on modern tactical systems:

• the use of only non-nuclear weapons;
• ensuring precision shooting accuracy;
• control over the entire flight path;
• a wide range of effective combat equipment;
• the presence in the complex of a combat control automation system and a system information support, including the preparation of reference information for correction systems and final guidance;
• the possibility of integration with global satellite navigation systems (GSSN - "Glonass", "NAVSTAR");
• the possibility of hitting heavily protected targets;
• increase in fire performance;
• the ability to effectively overcome the action of air defense and missile defense systems;
• the possibility of hitting moving targets.

Created to meet the above requirements export version OTRK 9K720, which received the designation "Iskander-E". "Iskander-E" incorporates the best scientific, technical and design achievements in the field of operational-tactical missile systems and, in terms of the totality of implemented technical solutions, high combat effectiveness, is a weapon of a completely new generation, superior to in their own way performance characteristics existing RK 9K72 Elbrus, Tochka-U, Lance, ATASMS, Pluton, etc.

The main features of the RK 9K720 "Iskander":

• high-precision and effective destruction of various types of targets;
• the possibility of covert training, combat duty and effective missile strikes;
• automatic calculation and input of the flight mission of missiles by means of the launcher;
• high probability of accomplishing a combat mission in the face of active opposition from the enemy;
• high probability of failure-free functioning of the rocket in preparation for launch, as well as in flight;
• high tactical maneuverability due to the high cross-country ability of combat vehicles mounted on all-wheel drive chassis,
• strategic mobility due to the transportability of vehicles by all modes of transport, including transport aviation;
• automation of combat control of missile units,
• prompt processing and dissemination of intelligence information to the relevant command and control levels;
• long service life and ease of use.

"Iskander-E" in terms of its tactical and technical characteristics fully complies with the position of the Regime of Control over the Non-Proliferation of Missile Technologies. This is a "weapon of deterrence" in local conflicts, and for countries with limited living space - a strategic weapon. The structure of the complex, its control system, automated combat control and information support make it possible to quickly respond to new requirements without significant refinement of its combat means and, as a result, guarantee it a long life cycle.

For the armament of the Russian army, a version of the Iskander-M missile system with an increased flight range (more than 450 km) was developed, as well as the Iskander-K, equipped with a high-precision R-500 cruise missile (range up to 2600 km) of the Caliber system developed by the Yekaterinburg OJSC "OKB" Novator ". The complex was successfully tested in 2007 at the Kapustin Yar test site.
In 2007, Iskander-M complexes (four combat vehicles) was equipped with a training division in Kapustin Yar, which took part in the war with Georgia in August 2008.

In the west, the complex was designated SS-26.

The complex "Iskander" includes:

• rocket 9M723;
• self-propelled launcher 9P78 (SPU);
• transport-loading vehicle 9T250 (TZM);
• command and staff vehicle 9S552 (KShM);
• mobile information preparation station 9S920 (PPI);
• machine regulations and maintenance (MRTO);
• life support machine;
• sets of arsenal and training equipment.

Rocket 9M723 complex "Iskander"

Solid propellant, single-stage with a warhead that cannot be separated in flight. The rocket is controlled throughout the flight path using aerodynamic and gas-dynamic rudders. The flight path of 9M723 is not ballistic, but controlled. The rocket is constantly changing the plane of the trajectory. It maneuvers especially actively in the area of ​​its acceleration and approach to the target - with an overload from 20 to 30g. In order to intercept a 9M723 missile, an anti-missile must move along a trajectory with an overload two or three times higher, and this is practically impossible. Most of the flight trajectory of a missile made using the Stealth technology and having a small reflective surface passes at an altitude of 50 km, which also significantly reduces the likelihood of it being hit by an enemy. The effect of "invisibility" is achieved due to the combination of design features and the treatment of the rocket with special coatings.

The rocket is launched directly at the target using an inertial control system, and then it is captured by an autonomous correlation-extreme optical homing head (see photo). The principle of operation of the OTR 9M723 homing system is that the optical equipment forms an image of the terrain in the target area, which is compared by the on-board computer with the standard introduced during the preparation of the rocket for launch. The optical head has increased resistance to existing electronic warfare equipment and allows successful missile launches even on moonless nights, when there is no additional natural target illumination, hitting the target with an error of plus or minus two meters.

No tactical system in the world can solve such a problem, except for the Iskander. In addition, optical systems do not need signals from space radio navigation systems, which in crisis cases can be turned off or disabled by radio interference. Integration of inertial control with satellite navigation equipment and optical seeker allows you to create a missile that hits a given target in almost any conceivable conditions. The homing head can also be used on ballistic and cruise missiles of various classes and types.

The missile can be equipped with various warheads (10 types in total), including:

• cluster warhead with fragmentation submunitions of non-contact detonation;
• cluster warhead with cumulative fragmentation submunitions;
• cluster warhead with self-aiming submunitions;
• cluster warhead volumetric detonating action;
• high-explosive fragmentation warhead (OFBCH);
• high-explosive incendiary warhead;
• penetrating warhead (PrBCh).

The cassette warhead provides deployment at an altitude of 0.9-1.4 km with further separation and stabilization of the combat elements. The combat elements are equipped with radio sensors, the undermining of the combat elements is carried out at a height of 6-10 m above the target.

Thanks to the implementation of terminal control and guidance methods, control over the entire flight path, a wide range of powerful warheads and the integration of on-board control systems with various correction and homing systems, as well as a high probability of completing a combat mission in conditions of active enemy opposition, typical targets are hit by launching just 1- 2 Iskander-E missiles, which is equivalent in efficiency to the use of a nuclear weapon.

Self-propelled launcher 9P78-1 (SPU) RK 9K720 "Iskander-M"

The fully autonomous SPU is placed on an 8x8 off-road wheeled chassis (MZKT-7930) and is designed for storing and transporting missiles, preparing for launch and launching within the firing sector ±90° relative to the SPU arrival direction. The SPU provides: automatic determination of its coordinates, data exchange with all command and control units, combat duty and preparation for launch with the missile in a horizontal position, single and salvo launches of missiles, storage and testing of missiles. The most important feature the launcher was the placement on it of not one (as in "Tochka" and "Oka"), but two missiles.

The time spent by the launcher at the launch position is minimal and is up to 20 minutes, while the interval between launches of the 1st and 2nd missiles is not more than one minute. Missile launches do not require launching positions specially prepared in engineering and topographic and geodetic terms, which can lead to their disclosure by the enemy. Launches can be carried out from the so-called "readiness from the march", i.e. the launcher drives into any site (except for swampy terrain and loose sands) and its calculation in an automated cycle, without leaving the cockpit, prepares and launches the rocket. After that, the launcher moves to the reloading point and, after loading the missiles, is ready for re-applying missile attack from any starting position.

Transport-loading vehicle 9T250-1 (TZM) RK 9K720 "Iskander-M"

TZM is also placed on the MZKT-7930 chassis and is equipped with a jib crane. Full combat weight - 40000kg, calculation of TZM - 2 people.

Command and staff vehicle 9S552 (KShM) of the Iskander missile system

System automated control is built on the basis of a command and control vehicle unified for all levels of control, made on the chassis of the KAMAZ family. Adjustment to a certain level of control (brigade, division, starting battery) is carried out programmatically during operation. To ensure information exchange, the launcher is equipped with combat control and communications equipment. Information exchange can be carried out both through open and closed communication channels.

"Iskander" is integrated with various intelligence and control systems. Information about the target is transmitted from a satellite, a reconnaissance aircraft or an unmanned aerial vehicle (of the Reis-D type) to an information preparation point (IPP). It calculates the flight task for the missile and prepares reference information for missiles with OGSN. Then this information is transmitted via radio channels to the command and staff vehicles (KShM) of the battalion commanders and batteries, and from there to the launchers. Commands for launching missiles can be formed both in the KShM and come from the command posts of senior artillery commanders.

It is placed on the chassis of the Kamaz family and is intended for routine checks of on-board equipment of missiles placed on TZM (as well as in containers), checks of devices that are part of group sets of spare parts and accessories for the complex elements and current repairs of missiles by the MRTO crew. Vehicle weight - 13500 kg, deployment time - 20 minutes, time for an automated routine check of the missile's onboard equipment - 18 minutes, crew - 2 people.

Life support vehicle of the Iskander missile system

Designed to accommodate combat crews (up to 8 people) for recreation and meals.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the complex "Iskander" (9K720)

Circular probable deviation .......... 5-7 m ("Iskander-M" using a missile with a correlation seeker), up to 2 meters.
Starting mass of the rocket ............... 3 800 kg
Mass of the warhead .................... 480 kg
Length.................7.2 m
Diameter.................920 mm
Rocket speed after the initial part of the trajectory ........... 2 100 m / s
The maximum height of the trajectory .................... 50 km.
Minimum range of target destruction ........... 50 km
Maximum target engagement range ......... 500 km Iskander-K (2000 km with the R-500 cruise missile); 280 km Iskander-E (export)
Time to launch of the first rocket .............................. 4-16 minutes
Interval between launches......................1 minute (for 9P78 launcher with two missiles)

Photo of the Iskander missile system

Transfer of the brigade set of Iskander-M missile systems to the 112th missile brigade.
July 08, 2014 - at the Kaspustin Yar training ground