Central Chernozem Reserve presentation. Presentation on the topic: Central Black Earth State Natural Biosphere Reserve named after

Prepared by the primary school teacher MBOU "Field Lyceum" Shestopalova T.S. year 2014

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Sections of the reserve Streletsky section Cossack section Bukreeva Barmy Barkalovka Zorinsky section Floodplain Psla Here is the steppe! You have been sung many times, Dressed in former glory. Feather grass, where you can’t look into the distance, Spreads like old wind in the wind ... Curly oak forests are all around ... Well, you better need it, right! And in this reserve of mine I invite everyone with me ... Professor V.V. Alekhine

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Streltsy area Cossack area Bukreeva Barma area Barkalovka area Zorinsky area Psla floodplain area

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All six sections of the Central Chernozem Reserve are located within middle lane forest-steppes, where natural natural (primary) communities in the conditions of flat watershed surfaces, called plakors, are meadow steppes and broad-leaved forests mainly of English oak. Significantly smaller area certain forms The relief is occupied by other types of plant communities (true and steppe meadows, petrophytic steppes, wetland vegetation, thickets of shrubs, small-leaved forests, etc.). According to the data for the entire period of flora studies, in the modern territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve (5287.4 ha), until the end of 2010, 1287 species of vascular plants, including adventitious (adventive) ones, were noted (published and typewritten materials). herbaceous plants and woody introducers.

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Mushrooms

The kingdom of mushrooms in the Central Black Earth Reserve has about a thousand species. 12 species of mushrooms living in the CCR are poisonous and can cause not only poisoning, but also death. First of all, this group should include the deadly poisonous toadstool. Mushrooms entered human life not only as a source of tasty food, but also as natural healers for a variety of diseases. More than 40 species of mushrooms inhabit the Central Chernobyl medicinal properties. The use of red fly agaric for rheumatism, neuralgia, tuberculosis, atherosclerosis, vasospasms and epilepsy is well known. false mushrooms used as a laxative and emetic, and even cholera was treated with pale toadstool. 2 species of mushrooms of the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Russia: branched tinder fungus or sheep mushroom /Polyporusumbellatus/ is found in the Streltsy area, its fruiting body can reach more than 10 kg of weight and varnished tinder fungus / Ganodermalucidum /, which is registered only in the Streletsky and Cossack areas.

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Polypore lacquered Dubovik common Judas ear Veselka common Common boletus Chlorosplenium blue-green

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Steppe vegetation The steppe is the main value for which the reserve was created. The steppes presented on its territory belong to the northern, or meadow. The Central Black Earth Reserve includes the largest of them - the Streletskaya (730 ha) and Cossack (720 ha) steppes. Relic vegetation ("Country of Living Fossils") Of particular value is the vegetation of the southeast of the Kursk region (the upper reaches of the Oskol River basin), where peculiar calcephytic-petrophytic steppes are located, located on slopes and hills with close underlying Cretaceous deposits. For their protection, in 1969, sections of the Barkalovka Reserve and Bukreevy Barmy were organized here. The plant communities growing in these habitats are known as "lowered alps". They are stable over time, are characterized by a dense herbage of small average height, a noticeable participation of shrubs and semi-shrubs, a rich floristic composition and a significant concentration rare species.

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Meadow vegetation Meadows are usually divided into floodplain and continental (located on watershed spaces). Their vegetation is represented by rather poor communities with a predominance of trivial meadow or weed-meadow species, among which couch grass, narrow-leaved and marsh bluegrass, yarrow and common dandelion predominate. Bog and aquatic vegetation On the territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve, the bog type of vegetation has a relatively small distribution. In the areas of Barkalovka, Zorinsky, Poyma Psla, grassy swamps are represented, occupying a total of about 260 hectares. Floodplain grass bogs are mainly widespread: reed, mannic, sedge, cattail. The most abundant in these communities are cereals (common reed, large manna, graying reed grass, marsh bluegrass), sedges (sharp, soddy, swollen, fox, coastal, pseudo-synthetic, vesiculate, etc.), cattails (narrow-leaved and broad-leaved), river horsetail, forbs. Forest vegetation The forests of the reserve are located in the southwestern part of the Central Russian Upland within the central strip of the forest-steppe zone and are part of the Kursk forest-steppe district. Due to the increased human colonization of the forest-steppe landscape, they are represented by separate forest tracts or larger tracts, and, as a rule, are surrounded by agricultural land.

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Rare plant species Currently, 13 species of vascular plants from the Red Book are known to grow on the territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve Russian Federation(2008), which is 65% of the "Red Book Russian species”, reliably noted in the Kursk region. Basically, these are species located near the borders of their range: in the north - thin-leaved peony, Zalessky's feather grass, the most beautiful, pubescent and pinnate, leafless iris (iris); in the south - lozel's elk forest; as well as species with a fragmented range - a real lady's slipper, Russian and chess hazel grouses, upland wolfberry (Yulia's wolfberry), Alaunian cotoneaster and Kozo-Polyansky's prolomnik

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Lady's slipper real Cotoneaster Alaunian Hazel grouse chess Peony thin-leaved Prolomnik Kozo-Polyansky backache Feather pinnate

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Animals The combination of steppe spaces and forests, fertile soils, highly productive vegetation with an optimal regime of heat and moisture create the most favorable conditions for the existence in the forest-steppe of many species of animals of different ecologies. The group of invertebrates is the most numerous. Insects Steppe insects account for 4 to 16% of species. About a thousand species of beetles have been identified. Representatives of all the main families of this order are found in abundance: ground beetles, beetles, dark beetles, click beetles, soft beetles, weevils, barbels, etc. Ground beetles are the best studied in the reserve. There are especially many wild single bees and bumblebees. About 20 species of bumblebees live on the territory of the Streltsy site alone. Extremely diverse world predatory insects. There are many predators among centipedes, bugs, ants, wasps, some flies.

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Stag beetle Bug-soldier Bronzovka Swallowtail Peacock eye

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Spiders In the Streltsy steppe, according to our calculations, 191 species of spiders live: 96 in the steppe, 105 in the forest and on the edges. The most notable of these are perhaps the orb-weaving spiders of the Araneidae family. Their large wheel-shaped webs can often be found in grass, trees and shrubs. The largest of them is the Brünnich spider, or wasp spider, so named because of the yellow-black striped pattern of the abdomen. Amphibians 10 species of amphibians live on the territory of the reserve. These are almost all representatives of the amphibian fauna of the Kursk region, with the exception of the common frog and the common tree frog. Reptiles There are 5 species of reptiles on the territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve (fast and viviparous lizards, spindle, common snake and steppe viper), which makes up 50% of the reptile fauna of the Kursk region. Birds Birds are the most numerous group of vertebrates in the reserve. According to the latest data, there are 226 species of birds in the fauna of the CCR and its buffer zone, which is about 80% of all birds in the Kursk region, of which more than 90 species nest in the reserve. Mammals Fifty species of mammals have been recorded in the relatively small area of ​​the Central Chernozem Reserve. 4 species are noted in the Central Chernozem Reserve bats, which make up the order Bats. There are 13 species in the CCR predatory mammals. The largest of them is the wolf

Kiseleva Ludmila Leonidovna

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Since 1979, the reserve has been a member of the international network of UNESCO biosphere reserves, since 1998 it has been the holder of the Diploma of the Council of Europe, and in 2012 it entered the Emerald Network of Europe. Among the inhabited places of the Kursk region, six "patchworks of paradise" with virgin northern steppes, reference black soils, pre-glacial vegetation on chalk hills, relic sphagnum bogs and the purest floodplain complexes have been preserved.

Slide 4: The role of the reserve in the protection of nature in the Russian Federation

Currently, the CCR consists of 6 sections, with total area a little over 5 thousand hectares. In the Streletsky and Kazatsky sections of the CCR, a zonal type of vegetation, which has practically disappeared in the European forest-steppe, is preserved - upland meadow steppes, which are characterized by indicators of species saturation that are outstanding for extratropical vegetation (87 species per 1 sq. m), high productivity, colorfulness and richness of flora. Meadow-steppe vegetation grows on typical chernozems that have never been plowed, the thickness of the humus horizon of which reaches 1.5 m, and its content is up to 13%.

Slide 5: Meadow steppes with feather grass

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The Bukreevy Barmy and Barkalovka sites are characterized by petrophytic steppe communities on the slopes of chalk hills with pre-glacial (relict) plant species. The forest wolfberry (lat. Dáphne cneórum) grows here, which is listed in the Red Book of Russia and is not found in other reserves of the country. In the Zorinsky area, sphagnum bogs in suffusion basins are of the greatest interest. They are characterized by a high diversity of sphagnum mosses (within a small area. The Psla Floodplain area includes floodplain alder and oak forests, as well as swamps and oxbow lakes, where the smallest flowering plant in the world lives - wolffia rootless (lat. Wolffia arrhiza) not known in other areas of the Kursk region, here is also the largest colony of the gray heron.

Slide 7: Boron wolfberry (relic)

The Central Black Earth Reserve preserves the typical landscapes of the Kursk region, its biodiversity represented by 7200 species of living organisms. To date, some taxa of living organisms in the Kursk region have practically not been studied, and data on them are given only on the basis of their study in the Central Chernozem Reserve. The biodiversity of the CCR includes more than 90% of all studied species of living organisms in the Kursk region. 55 species of animals, plants and fungi included in the Red Book of Russia and 227 species included in the Red Book of the Kursk region were noted. The potential of the CCR is actively used to substantiate and plan the development of a regional network of specially protected natural areas, conduct design and survey work and prepare decisions on the creation of various categories of regional protected areas in the Kursk region.

Slide 9: Location.

Miraculously preserved islands of the most beautiful forest-steppe landscape of the Central Black Earth Biosphere State Nature Reserve named after Professor V.V. Alekhin are located on the territory of the European part of Russia within the Central Russian Upland. 4 areas of the reserve are located in its southwestern part and belong to the Dnieper river basin: Streletsky and Cossack areas (51°34´ N 36°06´ E) are located at an altitude of 178-262 m above sea level, Zorinsky (51°11´ N 36°24´ E) - at an altitude of 169-200 m, and the Psla floodplain (51°11´ N 36°19´ E) - 155 -167 m above sea level on the watershed of the Seima and Psla rivers. 2 sites of the reserve are located in the southeastern part of the Central Russian Upland and belong to the Don river basin: Barkalovka (51°33´ N 37°39´ E) and Bukreevy Barmy (51°30´ N 37°18´ E) at an altitude of 163-238 m above sea level on the watershed of the Oskol and Ksheni rivers.

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slide 10: geology

The territory of the reserve is located within the Voronezh crystalline shield - an ancient massif composed of granite-gneisses, crystalline schists, ferruginous quartz. These rocks do not come to the surface in the reserve, but serve as a foundation for sedimentary rocks, represented mainly by clays with rare interlayers of marls, limestones, sandstones and sands, occurring at a depth of 70-120 m. Above are deposits of the Cretaceous system, represented by clay, sand, chalk, marl.

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Slide 11: Relief

The relief of the reserve is typically erosional. The difference in height marks of the bottoms of the beams and watersheds reaches 100 meters. The most common forms of microrelief are saucers and oval tubercles, 50 cm to 1 m deep and 20-30 meters in diameter. The space between the saucers has a tuberculous surface, which continues to form at the present time as a result of the vital activity of rodents: mole rats and voles. In places with a close occurrence of Cretaceous deposits, karst phenomena are noted in the form of funnels, pits, and failures. On Barkalovka and Bukreevy Barmakh, chalk is often exposed along the slopes of the ravines, forming picturesque "white mountains". In the Zorinsky area, suffosion-karst and subsidence depressions in the relief (hollows and basins) are observed.

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Slide 12: Streltsy area

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slide 13: climate

The territory of the reserve is located in a zone of moderately cold climate with average annual temperature air + 5.7ºC. The coldest month is January (-7.9˚С). During all winter months thaws can be observed with an increase in air temperature above 0. They are especially common at the beginning and end of winter. The warmest is July (+ 18.9˚С). During the year, on average, 190 days are with precipitation. The sun shines for an average of 1800 hours a year. The longest season of the year is winter - 130 days, the shortest - spring - 63 days. The duration of the growing season is on average 185 days. Thermal regime generally stable.

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Slide 14: Streletskaya Steppe weather station

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The average long-term precipitation is 570 mm. Absolute fluctuations in the amount of precipitation - 404 mm (from 334 in 2010 to 744 in 1997). Precipitation fall very unevenly both over the years and throughout the year. Snow cover usually sets in the first decade of December. The final melting of the snow cover occurs in the first decade of April.

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slide 16: water

There are no open reservoirs on the Streletsky and Kazatsky sections of the reserve. Groundwater occurs at a depth of 12-14 meters. There are natural water sources on the Barkalovka site - these are several springs that gush from the chalk and feed a small swamp with water. The Zorinsky site consists of a group of individual swamps, lying close to each other, on the second terrace above the floodplain of the Psel and Zapselets rivers. Their diameter varies from 5 to 75 m. The surface on which they are located is hilly, in some places flat, the swamps lie in depressions. They were formed by leaching and settling of the Neogene sands underlying the loess layer. Forty of the studied swamps are sphagnum bogs, a rare phenomenon for the steppe zone; a small stream Gnilets flows. In the Psla floodplain, water bodies occupy 2% of the area, and swamps (Plavni, Lutovo and Zapseletskoe) occupy almost half of the area - 238.7 ha. There are oxbow lakes (Lake Fat).

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Slide 17: Psla floodplain

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Slide 18: Streltsy area

The Streltsy site is the largest (2046 ha). It is located 10 km south of the city of Kursk and stretches in a narrow ribbon (1.5-2.5 km) from the southwest to the northeast for almost 8 km, having 3 small forest tracts in its western part: Dubroshina, Solovyatnik and Dedov Vesely, and in the eastern part - Petrin forest (the largest forest tract - about 500 hectares). Forests occupy 40% of the territory - these are ravine oak forests, a few aspen forests, and other deciduous species are rare. In the forest tracts of Petrin Les and Dedov Vesely there are cordons where inspectors for the protection of the protected area live. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 868 hectares, which is 42.4% of the total area of ​​the site.

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Slide 19: Streltsy steppe

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The Streltsy steppe is located on the upland, on the northern side the border runs along the Petrin log. Slopes occupy 14%. The site is dominated by virgin typical chernozems, only in the Streletskaya steppe one can find soils with a meter thick fertile humus layer. The Streletskaya steppe is a colorful mixed herb steppe with broad-leaved grasses, a real laboratory in the open air. In a relatively small area, 860 species of various herbs, shrubs and trees grow! There are 7 species of plants listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (fine-leaved peony Paeonia tenuifolia, leafless iris Iris aphyll a, Russian hazel grouse Fritillaria ruthenica and chess Fritillaria meleágris, pinnate feather grass Stipa pennata). On one square meter– 87 plant species. Such a high species saturation is rare in the central regions of Russia. V.V. Alekhin called the Streltsy and Cossack steppes "Kursk botanical anomaly".

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Slide 21: Cossack area

The Cossack site - the second largest (1638 ha) was formed in 1935. It is located at a distance of 18 km southeast of the Streltsy site in the Medvensky district and consists of the Cossack steppe and forest. The area of ​​steppes and meadows is 1098 hectares, which is 67% of the total area of ​​the site. Virgin steppes occupy about 600 hectares. 739 species of vascular plants grow on the most fertile soils, of which 7 species are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (fine-leaved peony, leafless iris, Russian hazel grouse, Zalessky's feather grass, pinnate, pubescent and beautiful). The steppe is separated from the forest by a forest-steppe profile 500 m wide, where the relationship between the forest and the steppe has been studied for many years, and while the forest wins: this area is gradually overgrown with tree and shrub vegetation. On the steppe, in order to preserve the species diversity of plants, various conservation regimes are also used (mowing, hay rotation and non-mowing). About 4000 species of insects, 7 species of amphibians, 5 species of reptiles, 164 species of birds, 38 species of mammals live here. At the edge of the forest there is a cordon where two inspectors for the protection of the territory of the Cossack site and its three-kilometer protected zone, with an area of ​​7754 hectares, live.

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Slide 22: Map-scheme of the Cossack area

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Slide 23: Bukreeva Barma

The site of Bukreeva Barma (259 hectares) became part of the reserve in 1969, is located 100 km southeast of Kursk in the Timsky district near the village. Bolshiye Butyrki and, in turn, consists of two separate tracts. The first tract covers the oak forests of Bukreevo and Borki, connected by a hollow leading to the river Repetskaya Plota, the second tract - Pokosnevo - a canyon-like log covered with tree growth. The distance between the sites reaches up to 1.5 km. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 112 hectares, which is 43.2% of the total area of ​​the site. On the tops of the chalk hills and slopes there are forests descending in the form of green semicircles - barm (barm - decoration of princes in the form of a mantle or necklace). Bukreev is the surname of the landowner who owned these lands before the revolution. Hence the name Bukreeva Barma.

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slide 24: chalk hills

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Bukreevy Barmy is one of the places where dry “shelters” of periglacial alpine-tundra vegetation survived. They are widely known to botanists due to interesting plant communities under the name "reduced Alps". There is an unusual hilly terrain here. 524 species of vascular plants grow on the Bukreeva Barma site, of which 8 species (upland wolfberry Dáphne cneórum, Andrósace koso-poljanskii, Kozo-Polyansky's slipper, Cypripedium calceolus, leafless iris Iris aphylla, Alaunian cotoneaster Cotoneaster alaunicus, Russian hazel grouse Fritillaria ruthénica, feathery feather grass Stípa pennáta and the most beautiful Stípa pulcherríma) are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.

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Slide 26: Barkalovka

The Barkalovka site (365 ha) became part of the reserve in 1969, located on the territory of the Gorshechensky district, 120 km southeast of the city of Kursk. The site consists of two tracts - treeless Barkalovka and wooded Gorodnoy on the watershed of the Oskol and Ksheni rivers - the Don river system. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 88 hectares, which is 24% of the total area of ​​the site. 652 species of vascular plants grow on the Barkalovka site, of which 5 species (upland wolfberry (in Yulia), leafless iris, Russian hazel grouse, feathery and beautiful feather grass) are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. Professor B.P. Kozo-Polyansky called Barkalovka and Bukreevy Barmy, among several other sites, a "land of living fossils", releasing his book under this title. Living fossils are of great scientific interest. Their study allows us to understand the laws of evolution modern vegetation, provides material for solving major botanical and geographical issues.

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In total, 794 species of vascular plants grow on the Zorinsky site. For the first time for the Kursk region, lash-like sedge and oak mannik were found here. The moss flora of the Zorinsky site is very diverse, more than 100 species have been recorded here, 9 of which are listed in the Red Book of the Kursk Region. A large variety of rare sphagnum mosses is concentrated in a very small area - 15 species. About 250 species of mushrooms have been registered, a rare species is often found - a giant puffball (Lycoperdon giganteum); 47 species of freshwater algae.

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Slide 31: Psla floodplain

The Psla floodplain (481.3 ha) is located 60 km from the estate in the Oboyan district, half a kilometer from the Zorinsky site and is a floodplain complex of the Psel River. It consists of three tracts (Plavni, Lutov forest and Zapseletsky swamps) and was formed in 1998. Reservoirs occupy 2% of the area, and swamps - almost half of the site. In r. Psyol inhabits about 24 species of fish: bream, silver bream, chub, asp, ide, roach, rudd, carp, tench, golden crucian carp, silver crucian carp, etc. About 600 species of vascular plants grow on the site, 15 species of them are listed in the Red books of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region.

"State reserves" - Voronezh reserve. Zyuratkul. Ilmensky state reserve. Fizkultminutka. Taganay. Draw a food chain according to the drawing. State natural reserves and parks Southern Urals. Barguzinsky Reserve. Man is a protector of nature. Astrakhan nature reserve. Set up for the lesson. Arkaim.

"Khekhtsirsky Reserve" - ​​Relief. The ridges of the watersheds are narrow and stony in places, and there are sheer rocky ledges. There are 755 species of higher vascular plants in the flora of the reserve. The sable population, previously destroyed, has now been restored. Khekhtsirsky reserve. Vegetable world. Korean Iptima. The foothills of Khekhtsir are hilly and ridged.

"Alakolsky Reserve" - ​​Onagash, Zhalykol, Pelikanya and Cormorant chickens, and in the western part - between the lake. modern landscapes. The island is 1.5 km long and 0.5 km wide. Major bird nests. Dostyk) up to 279 mm (st. Dense thickets of blackberries are characteristic. National parks. Kazakhstan, carrying out reforms, is confidently among the developed countries peace.

"Wrangel Island" - Founded in 1976. The firebird of the north is the pink gull. Every year there are up to 250 lairs on the island, where bear babies are born in the midst of the Arctic winter. Bears come to Wrangel Island from different corners Arctic. White arctic geese. Reserve "Wrangel Island". Musk ox.

"Natural reserves of Russia" - Barguzinsky. Big Arctic. Kronotsky Reserve. Big arctic reserve. In Russia there are 101 nature reserve. In 1898, F. E. FalzFein created a private reserve in the south of Ukraine. Kronotsky. Story. Russian reserves. The most important nature reserves of the world are included in the list world heritage UNESCO.

"Specially Protected Territories" - Individuals are obliged to 1) comply with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of specially protected natural territories. Responsibility for violation of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of protected areas. Article 82. Compensation for damage caused by violation of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of protected areas. On the territory of the environmental institution, it is not allowed:

In total there are 28 presentations in the topic

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MBOU "Gridasovskaya secondary school" scientific society school students scientific and practical conference schoolchildren "Day of Ecology of Consciousness". Preservation terrestrial ecosystems. CENTRAL BLACK EARTH STATE RESERVE NAMED AFTER PROFESSOR V.V. ALEKHINA ( research work). Author of the work: Motorina Violetta, 6th grade. Head: Obukhova Nina Fedorovna, teacher of biology and chemistry.

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The purpose of the work: to study the state natural biosphere reserve named after Professor V. V. Alekhin. Tasks: * Learn the history of the reserve and the biography of its founder. * To study the role of the reserve in the protection of nature in the Russian Federation and the Kursk region. * Consider sections of the Central Chernozem Reserve. * To study the flora and fauna of the TsChZ im. Alekhine.

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Monuments of nature. Monuments nature - unique, irreplaceable, valuable in ecological, scientific, cultural and aesthetic terms, natural complexes and objects of natural and artificial origin. The main purpose of natural monuments is to preserve rare and unique objects of nature. The real pearl of the Kursk region is the State Natural Biosphere Reserve named after Professor V. V. Alekhin. One of the oldest nature reserves in Russia long years his active work has made a significant contribution to the treasury of scientific and practical knowledge about the nature of forest-steppe ecosystems in Europe.

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CENTRAL BLACK EARTH STATE RESERVE NAMED AFTER PROFESSOR V.V. ALEKHINA

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Vasily Alekhin was born on January 17, 1882 in Kursk on Pastukhovskaya (now Belinsky) Street in the family of the merchant Vasily Vasilyevich Alekhin, who had six daughters and one son. All of them were given higher education by their father. From childhood, Vasily was drawn to the natural world. After graduating from Moscow University, Alekhine remained to teach there. In 1919 he headed the botanical part of the expedition to survey the Kursk province. In 1935 V.V. Alekhin was awarded the degree of Doctor of Biological Sciences, and in the same year, together with Voronezh botanists, he initiated the creation of a steppe reserve in the Kursk province. In the summer of 1945, after the end of the war, he again visited the Central Black Earth Reserve and began to restore it, devoting the rest of his life to this. April 3, 1946 V.V. Alekhine died suddenly and was buried on Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.

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The role of the reserve in the protection of nature in the Russian Federation and the Kursk region. The Central Black Earth Reserve, located on the territory of the Kursk region, is the oldest and most famous both in our country and abroad. Currently, the CCR consists of 6 sites, with a total area of ​​just over 5 thousand hectares. The Central Black Earth Reserve preserves the typical landscapes of the Kursk region, its biological diversity is represented by 7200 species of living organisms. 55 species of animals, plants and fungi included in the Red Book of Russia and 227 species included in the Red Book of the Kursk region were noted. CCHZ - a kind of regional center environmental education. Of particular interest is the activity of the reserve in cooperation with the authorities public education and work with schoolchildren (excursions, scientific expeditions, environmental holidays, environmental campaigns) and in the matter of environmental information support for the population, including through mass media. The reserve maintains contacts with specialized universities of Kursk in terms of students passing educational, industrial and pre-qualification practices with the preparation of term papers and theses.

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Sites of the Central Chernozem Reserve. At present, the Central Black Earth Reserve includes 6 sites remote at a distance of 120 km from each other: Streletsky ( Kursk district), Cossack (Medvensky district), Bukreevy Barmy (Manturovsky district), Barkalovka (Gorshechensky district), Zorinsky (Oboyansky and Pristensky districts) and Psla floodplain (Oboyansky district) with a total area of ​​5287.4 ha territory of the Kursk region.

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Shooter area. The Streltsy site is the largest (2046 ha). It is located 10 km south of the city of Kursk and stretches in a narrow ribbon (1.5-2.5 km) from the southwest to the northeast for almost 8 km, having 3 small forest tracts in its western part. Forests occupy 40% of the territory. In the forest tracts of Petrin Les and Dedov Vesely there are cordons where inspectors for the protection of the protected area live. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 868 hectares, which is 42.4 of the total area of ​​the site.

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Cossack area. The Cossack site - the second largest (1638 ha) was formed in 1935. It is located at a distance of 18 km southeast of the Streltsy site in the Medvensky district and consists of the Cossack steppe and forest. The area of ​​steppes and meadows is 1098 hectares, which is 67% of the total area of ​​the site. Virgin steppes occupy about 600 hectares. From the 16th century, these steppes were owned by the Cossacks, who guarded the southern borders of the Russian state in the fortress of Kursk and received these lands for their faithful guard service. Communal use prevented plowing and virgin steppes have survived to this day.

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Bukreeva Barma site. The site of Bukreeva Barma (259 hectares) became part of the reserve in 1969, is located 100 km southeast of Kursk in the Timsky district near the village. Big Butyrki. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 112 hectares, which is 43.2% of the total area of ​​the site. There are forests on the tops of the chalk hills and slopes.

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Barkalovka area. The Barkalovka site (365 ha) became part of the Central Chernozem Reserve in 1969 and is located on the territory of the Gorshechensky district, 120 km southeast of the city of Kursk. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 88 hectares, which is 24% of the total area of ​​the site.

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Zorinsky area. The Zorinsky section of the reserve has an area of ​​495.1 hectares and is located 70 km south of the estate in the Oboyansky district. Zorin sphagnum bogs are located 8-9 km east of the city of Oboyan, near the village of Zorino, in the valley of the Pselets river. The Zorinsky site consists of open spaces with sphagnum bogs located on both sides of railway Oboyan-Rzhava. Scientists of the Central Black Earth Reserve began to conduct Scientific research on the Zorinsky swamps a few years before their entry into the reserve. In 1998, the Zorinsky swamps became one of the sections of the reserve called the Zorinsky section.

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Psla floodplain. The Psla floodplain (481.3 ha) is located 60 km from the estate in the Oboyan district, half a kilometer from the Zorinsky site and is a floodplain complex of the Psel River. Reservoirs occupy 2% of the area, and swamps - almost half of the site. In r. Psyol inhabits about 24 species of fish: bream, silver bream, chub, asp, ide, roach, rudd, carp, tench, golden crucian carp, silver crucian carp, etc. About 600 species of vascular plants grow on the site, 15 species of them are listed in the Red books of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region. There are habitats for rare species of plants (meat-red and bloody palmate, snow-white water lily).

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Flora and fauna of the reserve. In a relatively small area of ​​the Central Black Earth Reserve, 50 species of mammals are registered: wolf, white-breasted hedgehog, hare, roe deer, fox, Strand mouse, American mink, common vole, common mole rat.

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Birds. Birds are the most numerous group of vertebrates in the reserve. According to the latest data, there are 226 species of birds in the fauna of the CCR and its buffer zone, which is about 80% of all birds in the Kursk region, of which more than 90 species nest in the reserve.

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Reptiles. On the territory of the Central Black Earth Reserve there are 5 species of reptiles (fast and viviparous lizards, spindles, common snake and steppe viper), which makes up 50% of the reptile fauna of the Kursk region.

The extra-curricular event is aimed at getting acquainted with the reserve named after Professor V.V. Alekhine. The virtual tour is conducted in the form of a journey through the stations (stops), as a result of which students learn from the history of the reserve and its founder, visit the “land of living fossils” in absentia, visit the Museum of Nature, and learn about the uniqueness of the plant diversity of the Streletskaya steppe.

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Virtual tour of the reserve named after V.V. Alekhin "KURSK PEARL"

Kursk pearl

Six "patchworks of paradise" Streletsky section Cossack section

Stop 1. "Historical" The Central Chernozem State Reserve named after Professor V. V. Alekhin (TsChZ) was established on February 10, 1935. On February 19, 1979, the Central Black Earth Reserve was one of the first in the USSR to become the owner of the international UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Certificate; On September 28, 1998, the Central Black Earth Reserve was awarded the European Diploma for the first time; 2012 The reserve entered the Emerald Network of Europe

Stop 2. "Pride of the land of Kursk" Vasily Vasilievich Alekhin (January 17, 1882 - April 3, 1946)

Stop 3. "Kursk botanical anomaly" V.V. Alekhine: “Imagine a boundless space covered with a motley carpet of various colors, either forming a complex mosaic of bizarre addition, or representing individual spots of blue, yellow, red, white shades ...”

Stop 4. “the country of living fossils” Relics - plants, witnesses of glaciation, that have survived to this day Shiverekia Podolskaya Boron wolfberry Kozo-Polyansky Dendrantem Zavadsky

Stop 5. “under special protection” The biodiversity of the CCR is represented by 7200 species of living organisms Listed in the Red Book of the Kursk region - 227 species In the Red Book of Russia - 55 species Red Book of Russia 55 species

Stop 6. "museum of nature"

Stop 7. "Intellectual" Quiz! Decipher the abbreviation of PA. How many reserves and national parks are there in Russia? In what year was the reserve named after Professor Alekhin? Name the scientific works of Professor VV Alekhin. What is depicted on the emblem of the reserve. prof. V.V. Alekhine? How many plots does the reserve named after V.V. Alekhine? Which of the sites is located on the territory of the Kursk region? Why did the steppe get the name "Streletskaya"? How many types of plants are there per square meter of the Streltsy steppe? Which relict plants are found in the areas of Bukreevy Barma and Barkalovka?

Through the pages of the red book

Central Black Earth Biosphere Reserve named after V.V. Alekhine is the wealth and pride of not only the people of Kursk, but of all Russians! How beautiful this world is, Where peace and bliss reigns, Where brooks murmur loudly, And no man's feet have set foot. The edges are like a fairy tale, The lakes are beautiful and pure, The land is virgin everywhere, You can’t take your eyes off it. Let's keep the Nature clean and beautiful then. BUT reserved places Give strength to our descendants.