Electromagnetic waves and their harmful properties. Electromagnetic radiation - human impact, protection

Waves, passing through a living organism, excite electrons in various chemical substances, which begin to destroy body tissues.

In the human body there is constantly a lot of electrical chemical reactions, in which different chemicals interact with each other. Such processes also take place at the level of "cellular respiration", when the cells of the body extract energy from these processes. This energy is necessary for the healthy life of a living organism.

The same impact electromagnetic waves violates the mechanisms of such "cellular respiration" in the tissues of the body, irradiates them. First of all, from negative radiation, those tissues in which the most active cell division occurs begin to collapse. These are: the thyroid gland, red bone marrow, gonads, mucous membranes in the gastrointestinal tract, etc. These organs of the body, body tissues are the most vulnerable and you need to know how to protect them from destructive influences.

Characteristics of electromagnetic waves, their sources

Waves have different ranges and different sources:

• radar, radio navigation, etc.;
• devices in physiotherapy rooms;
• tube generators, transmitter units, antennas, especially in radio stations and television studios;
• microwave fields, especially affecting the reflex functions of the body;
• radio waves: decimeter waves affect the internal organs of the body, penetrating 10-15 cm deep;
• illogically affect the waves of the UHF range;
• waves of different frequencies: VHF, HF, HF, UHF, which propagate at almost the speed of light, create unwanted resonance.

Tension in any room electro magnetic field depends on the power of the devices, on the degree of their shielding and on the presence of protective metal coatings.

Human health and electromagnetic radiation

The effect of electromagnetic waves on humans is still being studied. However, much is already known about such a negative, destructive effect on the body:

• dysfunction of the thyroid gland leads to improper metabolism and the destruction of the hormonal background, which is especially dangerous for pregnant women, children and adolescents;
• damage to the red bone marrow leads to the formation of cancerous brain tumors, leukemia. Anemiam;
• damage to the sex glands leads to incurable infertility;
• damage to the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract causes chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, even oncology.

Studies on the effect of electromagnetic waves on living organisms have shown that the destructive effect of these waves provokes the development of diseases, such as:

• mammary cancer;
• tumors in the brain;
• Alzheimer's disease;
• various leukemias;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• destruction nervous system;
• hormonal imbalance;
• decrease in the level of immunity, etc.

Typical symptoms of the influence of electromagnetic waves on the human body:

• permanent. frequent headaches;
• high blood pressure;
• various sleep disorders;
• severe severe allergic reactions;
• frequent colds and viral diseases;
• obesity, excess weight with normal nutrition;
• anorexia with normal nutrition;
• heartburn, nausea, vomiting, etc.

Research into the effects of electromagnetic fields, the search for effective protection against their damaging effects continues.

Low frequency waves and human health

Low-frequency waves (infrasound) cause various kinds of vibrations in the body. The symptoms of exposure are as follows:

• worried about nausea;
• visual acuity decreases;
• ringing in the ears;
• upset digestion;
• impaired brain function;
• the work of the internal organs of a person is disrupted;
• possible cardiac arrest, rupture of blood vessels, which leads to death.

Man does not hear these waves. The lower limit of the low-frequency range has not yet been determined. Infrasound in nature is found everywhere to a greater or lesser extent: in the noise of forests, in the surf, the rustle of waves, in a thunderstorm atmosphere, etc.

It is noteworthy that infrasound propagates even over very long distances and penetrates through the earth's crust. This ability of infrasound is used in predicting natural Disasters– earthquakes, tsunamis, etc.

The influence of low-frequency waves on a person

Under the influence of infrasound, a person begins to show incomprehensible anxiety, seemingly groundless anxiety. Headaches begin to torment him, the level of attention, working capacity decreases, the vestibular apparatus does not work well.

Sources of low frequency radiation

These sources are:

• public transport: trams, cars, buses, trolleybuses;
• railway transport;
• ventilation devices in industrial enterprises, in the subway;
• aerodynamic, percussion installations in industry;
• aircraft, especially jets.

This is only a part of infrasound sources of one or another power.

Infrasound and the human psyche

A person perceives these waves with almost his entire body. Science deals with the study of the possibility of influencing thoughts and feelings, emotions and behavior of a person. Some laboratories are trying to work with universal psychotronic weapons. Although medicine is already using devices that act on electromagnetic low-frequency waves: electric shock, ultrasound, infrasound, microwave radiation, lower threshold audiovisual stimulation, etc.

The most dangerous range for human health and psyche is 6-9 Hz, which includes a frequency of 7 Hz, which is absolutely consonant with the natural vibrations of the brain. By exposure to infrasound of these frequencies of different power, you can completely cripple a person, make him a clinical idiot, even kill him.

Ways to protect against infrasound

Even Julius Caesar fought against the noise, forbidding night travel through the streets in rumbling chariots. Since then, calls have been constantly made not to make noise or to make less noise, especially at night. Noise pollution environment in the development of new machine engines, in the construction of roads and residential areas, they try to reduce or completely eliminate them; special screens are installed along busy highways; protective forest belts are planted, etc.

Methods and means of protection against electromagnetic radiation

Harmful radiation, electromagnetic fields that negatively affect the human body are practically everywhere in the modern world.

Tips for parents and children:

• it is better not to give a mobile phone to a child under 10 years old;
• older children are allowed to use only in the most necessary cases;
• it is better for pregnant women not to use a computer or use it for a very short time and rarely, because radiation is the cause of the birth of children with congenital damage to the central nervous system;
• It is advisable for people of reproductive age to use devices and equipment that actively and powerfully emit electromagnetic waves as little as possible - this leads to incurable infertility.

Protection methods

Is it possible to protect yourself and your loved ones, if not completely, then at least minimize the degree of negative influence of electromagnetic fields? The answer is yes.

• You should always try to be at a sufficiently safe distance from working various electrical equipment, electrical appliances;
• it is necessary to reduce or minimize contacts with electrical engineering: do not leave the computer turned on in sleep mode, do not stand next to a working printer, microwave, etc.;
• as little as possible to use a mobile phone or at least talk on the speakerphone;
• stay away from TV, copiers, printers, etc. closer than one and a half meters;

Important for health, keep the necessary distance between yourself and electrical appliances, electrical engineering!

• bed, resting place should not be near wires or appliances, even if they are behind the wall. The wall does not protect against electromagnetic fields.

If it is not possible to protect yourself and your loved ones completely from the influence of electromagnetic radiation, then it is quite possible to try to minimize this impact.

In order not to suffer from the negative effects of electromagnetic fields, it is quite realistic and within our power to take preventive security measures, try to comply with them, and protect the health of oneself and one's relatives. And then everything will be all right. It should be remembered: health is easier and cheaper to maintain than to treat it later, and the outcome of treatment can be unpredictable. Health is much more valuable. Than endless sitting at the computer and constant negotiations on a mobile phone and other modern gadgets.

Every organ in our body vibrates, creating an electromagnetic field around it. Any living organism on earth has such an invisible shell that contributes to the harmonious work of the entire system of the body. It does not matter what it is called - a biofield, an aura - this phenomenon has to be reckoned with.

When our biofield is exposed to electromagnetic fields from artificial sources, it causes changes in it. Sometimes the body successfully copes with such an influence, and sometimes not, resulting in a serious deterioration in well-being.

EMR (electromagnetic radiation) can be emitted by office equipment, household appliances, smartphones, telephones, vehicles. Even a large crowd of people creates a certain charge in the atmosphere. It is impossible to completely isolate yourself from the electromagnetic background; in one intensity or another, it is present literally in every corner of the planet Earth. It just doesn't always work.

EMP sources are:

• microwaves,
• mobile devices,
• TVs,
• transport,
• sociopathogenic factors - large crowds of people,
• power lines,
• geopathogenic zones,
• solar storms,
• rocks,
• psychotropic weapon.

Scientists can not decide how harmful EMR is and what exactly is the problem. Some argue that the danger is the electromagnetic waves themselves. Others say that this phenomenon is natural in itself and does not pose a threat, but what information this radiation transmits to the body often turns out to be destructive for it.

In favor latest version give the results of experiments, indicating that electromagnetic waves have an information, or torsion, component. Some scientists from Europe, Russia and Ukraine argue that it is torsion fields that, by transmitting any negative information to the human body, harm it.

However, in order to check how much the information component destroys health and to what extent our body can resist it, we need to conduct more than one experiment. One thing is clear - to deny the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the human body, at least, carelessly.

EMR standards for humans

Since the earth is full of sources of natural and artificial magnetic radiation, there is such a frequency that either has a good effect on health, or our body successfully copes with it.

Here are the norms of frequency ranges that are safe for health:

• 30-300 kHz, occurring at a field strength of 25 volts per meter (V/m),
• 0.3-3 MHz, at 15 V/m,
• 3-30 MHz - tension 10 V / m,
• 30-300 MHz - intensity 3 V / m,
• 300 MHz-300 GHz - intensity 10 μW / cm 2.

At such frequencies, mobile phones, radio and television equipment operate. The limit for high voltage lines is set at 160 kV/m, however real life they give out EMP radiation 5-6 times less than this indicator.

If the intensity of EMP differs from the given indicators, such radiation can be harmful to health.

When EMR is harmful to health

Weak electromagnetic radiation with low power / intensity and high frequency is dangerous for a person because its intensity coincides with the frequency of his biofield. Because of this, a resonance is obtained and the systems, the organs begin to work incorrectly, which provokes the development of various diseases, especially in those parts of the body that have already been weakened by something.

EMR also has the ability to accumulate in the body, this is its greatest danger to health. Such accumulations gradually worsen the state of health, decreases:

• immunity,
• stress tolerance,
• sexual activity,
• endurance,
• performance.

The danger is that these symptoms can be attributed to a large number of diseases. At the same time, doctors in our hospitals are not yet in a hurry to take seriously the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the human body, and therefore the probability of a correct diagnosis is very small.

The danger of EMR is invisible and difficult to measure, it is easier to look at bacteria under a microscope than to see the relationship between the source of radiation and poor health. Intense EMR has the most destructive effect on the circulatory, immune, reproductive systems, brain, eyes, and gastrointestinal tract. Also, a person can develop radio wave disease. Let's talk about all this in more detail.

Radio wave disease as a diagnosis

The effect of electromagnetic radiation on the human body was studied back in the 1960s. Then pundits found that EMR provokes processes in the body that lead to malfunctions in its critical systems. At the same time, the medical definition of "radio wave disease" was introduced. Researchers say that the symptoms of this disease to one degree or another are observed in a third of the world's population.

On the initial stage the disease manifests itself as:

• dizziness,
• headaches,
• insomnia,
• fatigue,
• deterioration in concentration,
• depressive states.

Agree, similar symptoms can be observed in a number of other diseases, more "tangible" nature. And if you make a wrong diagnosis, then radio wave disease makes itself felt with more serious manifestations, such as:

• cardiac arrhythmia,
• drop or increase in blood sugar levels,
• persistent respiratory diseases.

This is what the overall picture looks like. Now consider the effect of EMR on various body systems.

EMR and the nervous system

Scientists consider the nervous system to be one of the most vulnerable to EMR. The mechanism of its influence is simple - the electromagnetic field violates the permeability of the cell membrane for calcium ions, which has long been proven by scientists. Because of this, the nervous system fails, functions in the wrong mode. Also, an alternating electromagnetic field (EMF) affects the state of the liquid components of nerve tissues. This produces such deviations in the body as:

• slow reaction,
• changes in the EEG of the brain,
• memory impairment,
• depression of varying severity.

EMR and the immune system

The influence of EMR on the immune system was studied by experimenting on animals. When individuals suffering from various infections were irradiated with EMF, the course of their disease, its nature, was aggravated. Therefore, scientists came to the theory that EMR disrupts the production of immune cells, up to the onset of autoimmunity.

EMR and the endocrine system

The researchers found that under the influence of EMR, the pituitary-adrenaline system was stimulated, resulting in an increase in the level of adrenaline in the blood, and an increase in the processes of its coagulation. This entailed the involvement of another system - the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex. The latter are responsible, in particular, for the production of cortisol, another stress hormone. Their incorrect work leads to the following consequences:

• increased excitability,
• irritability,
• sleep disorders, insomnia,
• sudden mood swings,
• strong jumps in blood pressure,
• dizziness, weakness.

EMR and the cardiovascular system

The state of health determines to some extent the quality of the blood circulating through the body. All elements of this liquid have their own electrical potential, charge. Magnetic and electrical components are able to provoke either destruction or adhesion of platelets, erythrocytes and block the permeability of cell membranes. EMR also affects the hematopoietic organs, disabling the entire system for the formation of blood components.

The body reacts to such violations by throwing out an additional portion of adrenaline. However, this does not help, and the body continues to produce high doses of the stress hormone. This "behavior" results in the following:

• disruption of the heart muscle
• deterioration of myocardial conduction,
• an arrhythmia occurs
• BP jumps.

EMR and the reproductive system

It was found that the female reproductive organs - the ovaries - are more susceptible to the effects of electromagnetic radiation. However, men are not immune from this kind of influence. In general, this gives a decrease in sperm motility, their genetic weakness, therefore X chromosomes dominate, and more girls are born. It is also very likely that EMR will cause genetic pathologies leading to deformities and birth defects.

Effect of EMR on children and pregnant women

EMF affects the brain of children in a special way due to the fact that they have a larger body-to-head ratio than an adult. This explains the higher conductivity of the medulla. Therefore, electromagnetic waves penetrate deeper into the child's brain. The older the baby becomes, the thicker the bones of his skull, the content of water and ions decreases, therefore, the conductivity also decreases.

Developing, growing tissues are most affected by EMR. A child under the age of 16 is just actively growing, so the risk of pathologies from strong magnetic exposure during this period of a person’s life is the highest.

As for pregnant women, EMF poses a threat to both their fetus and their health. Therefore, it is desirable to minimize the influence of the electromagnetic field on the body, even in acceptable "portions". For example, when pregnant, her entire body, including the fetus, is exposed to a slight EMR. How all this will affect later, whether it will accumulate and give consequences, no one can say for sure. But why test scientific theories on yourself? Isn't it easier to meet people in person and have long conversations than to chat on a mobile phone incessantly?

Let us add to this that the embryo is much more sensitive than the mother's body to various kinds of influences. Therefore, EMT can make pathological "adjustments" to its development at any stage.

The period of increased risk refers to the early stages of fetal development, when stem cells "decide" what they will be in adulthood.

Can EMP exposure be reduced?

The danger of the influence of the electromagnetic field on the human body lies in the invisibility of this process. Therefore, the negative effect long time accumulate, and then it is also difficult to diagnose. However, there are some simple steps you can take to protect yourself and your family from the damaging effects of EMFs.

Completely "turning off" electromagnetic radiation is not an option, and it will not work. But you can do the following:

• identify devices that create this or that EMF,
• purchase a special dosimeter,
• turn on electrical appliances in turn, and not all at once: mobile phone, computer, microwave oven, TV should work at different times,
• do not group electrical appliances in one place, distribute them so that they do not amplify each other's EMF,
• do not place these devices near the dining room, work table, places of rest, sleep,
• children's room should be carefully monitored for sources of EMP, do not allow radio-controlled or electric toys, tablet, smartphone, laptop,
• the socket to which the computer is connected must be grounded,
• the radiotelephone base creates a stable magnetic field around itself within a radius of 10 meters, remove it from the bedroom and desktop.

It is difficult to refuse the blessings of civilization, and it is not necessary. To avoid the destructive influence of EMR, it is enough to be thoughtful about what electrical appliances you surround yourself with and how to place them at home. The leaders in terms of EMF intensity are microwave ovens, electric grills, devices with mobile communications - this just needs to be taken into account.

And finally one more useful advice- when purchasing household appliances, give preference to those with a steel case. The latter is able to shield the radiation coming from the device, minimizing its impact on the body.

Kraft Evgeny, Dyachkova Elena

Since the 60s of the last century, the scientific and technological revolution began. It was at that time that the first computers, radiotelephones were invented, the first satellite communications were developed and launched. In parallel with these innovations, the number of sources of electromagnetic radiation common at that time increased: radar stations; radio relay stations; television towers. Around the same time, advanced industrial countries began to be interested in the effects of electromagnetic radiation on human health. Now electronics, without which we can no longer do, accompanies us around the clock both at work and on vacation. Televisions, microwave ovens, mobile phones, computers, on the one hand, help us, and on the other hand, they carry an invisible but certain threat to our health - electromagnetic smog - a set of EM radiation from man-made instruments and devices. Most people are exposed to EMFs of varying levels and frequencies on a daily basis. The greatest danger to humans is the influence of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 40 - 70 GHz, due to the commensurability of the length of EM waves with the size of human cells. Now it is no secret to anyone that a person is able to absorb the energy of electromagnetic waves of a large frequency range, which subsequently leads to heating of living structures and cell death. Scientists propose to recognize the impact of the electromagnetic field on human health as one of the most dangerous factors and take tough measures to protect the population of the Earth.

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MBOU Matyshevskaya secondary school

Research work in physics

on the topic

"Influence of electromagnetic radiation

on the human body"

Completed by: Evgeny Kraft, 11th grade student,

Dyachkova Elena, 10th grade student

Head: Kalinina N.V.

2011/2012 academic year Year

Objective:

To study the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the human body.

Tasks :

1. Learn how electromagnetic radiation interacts with the human body.

2. To study how electromagnetic radiation affects the human body.

3. To identify the main harmful factors influencing the computer, mobile phone and microwave oven on the human body.

4. Do your research:

a) Find out the availability of computers for secondary school students educational school,

b) Determine the impact of PC on the attention, memory, and vision of students.

1. Problem.

2. Effect of electromagnetic radiation on the human body.

4. Harm of microwaves, mobile phones and computers.

5. Consequences of working on the computer.

6. Our research.

7. How to protect yourself from electromagnetic radiation.

8. Conclusion.

9. Applications.

1. Problem

Since the 60s of the last century, the scientific and technological revolution began. It was at that time that the first computers, radiotelephones were invented (the first mobile phones weighed about 50 kg and were carried in cars), the first satellite communications were developed and launched. In parallel with these innovations, the number of sources of electromagnetic radiation that were common at that time increased: radar stations; radio relay stations; television towers. Around the same time, advanced industrial countries began to be interested in the effects of electromagnetic radiation on human health.

The greatest danger to humans is the influence of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 40 - 70 GHz, due to the commensurability of the length of EM waves with the size of human cells.

At the beginning of the 21st century, the most high-frequency communication was communication with satellites (11 GHz) and although the power of the transmitted signal was high, only microwatts reached the Earth's surface. In 2009, mobile operators presented another surprise to city residents - by increasing the frequency of communication between base stations up to 25 GHz (to increase the amount of transmitted data and provide better mobile communications). Thus, the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the human body at frequencies of 40 - 70 GHz has once again increased dramatically and one can only hope that the results will not be very sad. The widespread use of electronic devices in the national economy began around the middle of the last century, but after 10 years, leading scientists realized that it would not be possible to use their advantages with impunity. After all, everything that is plugged into an outlet and conducts electric current is a source of an electromagnetic field, which is not harmless to the body. Over the past 20 years, the number of devices and devices using electricity in the world has increased thousands of times. Now electronics, without which we can no longer do, accompanies us around the clock both at work and on vacation. Televisions, microwave ovens, mobile phones, computers, on the one hand, help us, and on the other hand, they carry an invisible but certain threat to our health - electromagnetic smog - a set of EM radiation from man-made instruments and devices. Most people are exposed to various levels and frequencies of EMF on a daily basis, for example:

1. all day you work with a personal computer that irradiates you at frequencies of 10 - 70 GHz with a very weak electromagnetic field;
2. in the evening at home you are in an EMF created household appliances etc.

As a result of experiments in the 60s, it was found that electromagnetic waves are able to interact with living organisms and transfer their energy to them. Now it is no secret to anyone that a person is able to absorb the energy of electromagnetic waves of a large frequency range, which subsequently leads to heating of living structures and cell death. Scientists propose to recognize the impact of the electromagnetic field on human health as one of the most dangerous factors and take tough measures to protect the population of the Earth.

That is why the problem of the impact of electromagnetic fields on the human body is relevant today.

1. The influence of electromagnetic radiation on the human body

We are all full citizens modern world, and notice the accelerated pace of development of the electronic industry. First of all, this is due to the rapid technical and scientific progress all over the world. For ordinary people, such changes have resulted in the emergence of a large number of electronic equipment in everyday life. For example, every person at home can find a microwave, refrigerator, TV, washing machine and other useful devices, not to mention such trifles as a hair dryer, an electric razor, even a shoe dryer consumes electricity. In just a short time, our apartments have turned from a zone of peace and comfort into concrete chambers with an increased level of electromagnetic radiation. But it is hardly possible to escape from an overabundance of EMR in the workplace, because according to statistics, about 30% of the population most working hours are spent at the computer. It has been established that the electromagnetic radiation of all devices on the planet, created by man, exceeds the level of the natural geomagnetic field of the Earth millions of times! The field strength increases especially sharply near power lines, radio and television stations, radar and radio communications (including mobile and satellite), various energy and energy-intensive installations, and urban electric transport. At the moment, all over the world, advanced research centers are conducting research on the influence of electromagnetic fields on the human body. The facts obtained have forced the World Health Organization to recognize the threat of the influence of electromagnetic fields as the main one for human health and life. Here are some of them: studies conducted by scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm showed that children under the age of 15 are 2.7 times more likely to develop leukemia when in a magnetic field stronger than 0.2 μT. And if the field is more than 0.3 μT, children get sick already 3.8 times more often. The results of their research were confirmed by scientists from the Swedish national institute occupational diseases, proving that the influence of electromagnetic fields of power lines leads to an increase in the number of cases of blood and brain cancer in children and adults. Statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO) show that when working on a computer, children's vision deteriorates at a rate of 1 diopter per year. In a 10-year-old child, negative changes in blood and urine appear 15-20 minutes after the start of working on a computer, in a 16-year-old child - after 30-40 minutes, and in an adult - after 2 hours, bringing the composition of their blood closer to that of cancer patients . At the same time, negative changes also occur in the immune, endocrine and central nervous systems. A strong negative influence of electromagnetic fields of the computer is noted on the reproductive function of both women and men. Swedish scientists have found that pregnant women working on a computer are 1.5 times more likely to have miscarriages and 2.5 times more likely to have children with congenital disorders of the central nervous system and heart disease. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden for pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers to work on computers, and women who are about to become pregnant are recommended to minimize the time of working with a computer or completely abandon it 2-3 months before the proposed date of conception of a child. There is a direct relationship in the development of malignant tumors in those people who constantly work with video display terminals, radiotelephones or radio transmitters. So, among the American policemen, a high number of brain cancer cases was recorded and the reason for this was the harmful effect of the electromagnetic fields of radio transmitters, which they constantly used.According to the experts of the World Health Organization, the result of prolonged exposure to electromagnetic fields, even a relatively weak level, which has been proven by studies conducted in a number of countries, can be: cancer diseases, behavior change, memory loss, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, syndrome sudden death externally healthy person(more often this is observed in the subway, trains or near powerful electric power plants), inhibition of sexual function, an increase in the number of suicides in large cities and many other negative conditions. The most dangerous effect of electromagnetic fields for a developing organism in the womb, children, as well as people susceptible to allergic diseases.

1. Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the human body.

Questions often asked when talking to people are:

1. Is electromagnetic radiation really harmful?
2. how exactly the process of exposure to electromagnetic radiation on the human body occurs;
3. why exactly over the past three to four years, electromagnetic smog has become the number 1 threat in the world.

Let's take a look at how electromagnetic energy can interact with the human body. Scientists have identified several types of exposure to electromagnetic radiation on humans.

First, the human body is sensitive to the electric current flowing through the body. Such an effect is exerted on a person by any electrical device that creates a powerful magnetic field (hair dryer, power lines, Appliances). For example, being in a subway car, a person is inside a strong magnetic field, which causes electric currents in the body, which pose a serious danger to human health. It is against this type of exposure to electromagnetic radiation that they fight public organizations that protect human health, tactfully silent about other, much more harmful, types of effects of electromagnetic radiation on the human body.

Secondly, certain trace elements in the human body are able to absorb electromagnetic energy of certain frequencies from the external environment. We can observe this effect when food is heated in a microwave oven - electromagnetic radiation of high frequencies (2.4 GHz) resonates with water molecules in food, transferring energy to it and heating it. In the same way, various structures in the human body absorb electromagnetic energy from EMP in a huge range of frequencies. It turns out that all human-made electronic devices in one way or another interfere with the human body to perform its functions.

But the most dangerous is the third type of influence of electromagnetic radiation. Everyone knows that a person consists of the smallest living structures - cells. Inside each cell, chemical processes take place that determine the emotions and thoughts of a person at any given moment in time. As a result of certain chemical reactions, human cells produce an electrical current necessary for communication between cells and the nervous system and the proper performance of the functions of the human body. Electric currents, in turn, create an electromagnetic field around each cell, and merging from all cells together form an electromagnetic field (aura) around a person at certain frequencies (40-70 GHz). And if a person is exposed to external electromagnetic radiation at these frequencies, the power of which is above a certain level, then the person's own electromagnetic field is destroyed, as a result of which disturbances occur in chemical processes in human cells. As a result, it turns out that even a small electromagnetic radiation leads to serious disorders in the human body, weakens the immune system and is the cause of all kinds of diseases.

1. Health risks of the microwave oven.

In the process of life, a person is constantly in the zone of action of the electromagnetic field (EMF) of the Earth. This field, called the background, has a certain level at each frequency that does not harm human health and is considered normal. The natural electromagnetic spectrum covers waves with frequencies ranging from hundredths and tenths of Hz to thousands of GHz. Power lines, strong radio transmitting devices create an electromagnetic field many times higher than the permissible level. To protect humans, special sanitary standards have been developed (GOST 12.1.006-84 regulates the impact of electromagnetic radiation on humans), including those that prohibit the construction of residential and other facilities near strong sources of electromagnetic radiation. Often more dangerous are sources of weak electromagnetic radiation, which acts for a long period of time. These sources include mainly audio-video and household appliances. Mobile phones, microwave ovens, computers and televisions have the most significant impact on the human body.

Over 90% of homes have Microwave Ovens (MW). Cooking in them is very convenient, fast, they are economical in terms of energy consumption. Most people do not even think about the safety of food cooked in a microwave oven for human health. Now there are studies that prove that cooking in microwave ovens is not natural, not healthy, not healthy and much more dangerous than we can imagine. Each microwave oven contains a magnetron that generates an electromagnetic field with a wavelength of approximately 2450 MHz (or 2.45 GHz). These waves, in contact with food molecules, change their polarity from + to - and back for each wave cycle, i.e. millions of times per second. As a result of the action of electromagnetic radiation on a substance, ionization of molecules is possible, i.e. an atom can gain or lose an electron - the structure of matter changes. Molecules are deformed, destroyed. However, microwave ovens are being manufactured, sold, and politicians ignore all the facts and evidence that microwaves are harmful. And people continue to use microwave ovens, unaware of their negative effects and health hazards. And given the fact that such a useful device can easily fit into any kitchen, the popularity of microwave ovens is only increasing every day. And official government agencies do not investigate the safety of microwave ovens.

Mobile phone damage.

Compared to any other household or office equipment, the mobile phone is more harmful, tk. creates at the moment of conversation a powerful stream of electromagnetic radiation directed directly to the head. Therefore, in the United States, which was the first to acquire mobile phones, a record surge in brain cancer has been recorded today. The electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range generated by the tube is absorbed by the tissues of the head, in particular, the tissues of the brain, the retina of the eye, the structures of the visual, vestibular and auditory analyzers, and the radiation acts both directly on individual organs and structures, and indirectly, through a conductor, on the nervous system ". Scientists have proven that, penetrating into tissues, electromagnetic waves cause them to heat up. Over time, this adversely affects the functioning of the whole organism, in particular, the work of the nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems, electromagnetic waves have a detrimental effect on vision. Studies conducted in Russia have shown Negative influence electromagnetic fields of a working mobile phone on the lens of the eye, blood composition and sexual function mice and rats. Moreover, these changes were irreversible even after more than 2 weeks of exposure to them. If you use your mobile phone like a regular home phone, that is, for unlimited time, your immunity is seriously compromised.

Scientists warn: children who use mobile phones are at increased risk of memory and sleep disorders.

The effect of harmful electromagnetic radiation is similar to radio interference, the radiation disrupts the stability of body cells, disrupts the nervous system, causing headaches, memory loss and sleep disorders. Even the most ordinary non-working mobile phone, if it's just lying next to your bed, can prevent you from getting enough sleep. The fact is that the electromagnetic radiation of a mobile phone, even in standby mode, negatively affects the central nervous system, disrupting the normal alternation of sleep phases. As it turned out, not only the electromagnetic radiation of the phone can pose a danger to human health. More recently, a new round of disputes on this topic was caused by events in China, where several people were injured by a lightning strike on a cell phone. In France, the meteorological service also warned all residents of the country that it is dangerous to use a mobile phone during a thunderstorm, because "they are conductors of an electrical discharge and can provoke a person to be struck by lightning." At the same time, you can not call on it, it is enough that it is turned on. In Sweden, they officially recognized the fact of the existence of an allergy to mobile phones and took an unprecedented step: all mobile allergy sufferers can receive a substantial amount from the budget (about 250 thousand dollars) and move to remote areas of the country where there is no cellular communication and television. In Russia, a national program to study the harmful effects of mobile phones on human health is to be adopted in September. However, “it must be understood that the study of long-term consequences will take more than one year. We will be able to put an end to the discussion about the degree of harmful effects of cellular communications only in a couple of decades.” Indeed, in the immediate vicinity of the most important human organs, when talking on a mobile phone, electromagnetic energy is emitted, the power of which is greatest in the near zone. It radiates energy of the same nature that rotates electric motors and cooks chicken in the microwave. Naturally, this energy penetrates the head, affects the brain and other human organs. Therefore, one should expect some kind of response from them to this impact. Moreover, this reaction can be either immediate, simultaneous with the impact, or delayed and manifest itself later, maybe after hours, days and years. In this case, it is necessary to take into account many factors: the age of a person, the presence of pathologies in him, his heredity, the physiological state in general and, especially, at the time of using a mobile phone, time of day, seasonal phenomena, temperature, atmospheric pressure, phases of the moon, the presence of drugs and alcohol in the blood, the type and brand of mobile phone, the standard of cellular communication, the duration of the conversation, the frequency of calls, the number of calls per day, per month, etc., etc. It is also necessary to add: the size and shape of the ears, the shape and material of the earrings, the presence and composition of dust on the ears and behind the ears, ....

Believe me, this is not a joke ....

To date, mobile phone manufacturers on the devices themselves or in passports warn users about possible harmful effects (they were finally forced!) And be sure to indicate relative level power of electromagnetic radiation SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) measured in watts per kilogram of human brain mass. In most countries, the value of 1.6 W/kg is taken as the maximum permissible level. And now you will not meet cell phones with a SAR level of more than 2 W / kg. About 5 years ago, the first cell phones of the old standards had more powerful transmitters and significantly exceeded these levels, but now these values ​​​​are usually less than 1.5 W / kg, and the most advanced of them have this value below 0.5 W / kg. Expert of the Committee on Ecology of the State Duma Russian Federation, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences A.Yu.Somov scientifically proved that out of 32 cell phones tested by him, not one meets the stated criteria security.

Useful effects of a mobile phone. It is a myth?

Over the past few years, information has been floating on the Internet about the benefits of a mobile phone for people who are sick with certain diseases. Israeli scientists from Ben-Gurion University suggest that electromagnetic radiation from cell phones can be beneficial to health. Laboratory experiments have shown that in some cases it slows down the development of cancers. During the experiment, scientists transplanted cancer cells into laboratory mice, and then controlled the rate of development of the tumor node. Some animals were exposed to electromagnetic fields similar to cell phone radiation. An analysis of the results obtained showed that in animals exposed to electromagnetic radiation, tumors developed much more slowly than in those individuals that were not exposed to any effects. After the end of the experiment, the scientists concluded that prolonged exposure to electromagnetic fields had the same effect on the body of the experimental subjects as the vaccines used to prevent infectious diseases. Electromagnetic radiation causes damage to cells, which leads to the activation of the body's defense systems. And if at this moment the body begins to develop malignant tumor, then it is subjected to a powerful effect from the immune system, which slows down its growth. The study is good, but either something is left out, or the conclusions are drawn incorrectly. First, electromagnetic radiation damages ALL cells in the body, especially those located close to the source of radiation, so cancer cells die. Secondly, and most importantly, the immune system is also damaged. Therefore, as soon as the radiation ends, the cancerous tumor will grow even faster.

It can be concluded -electromagnetic radiation of a mobile phone affects the human body so strongly that even healthy cells die
For a full answer to questions about the dangers of EMR for human health, it will be necessary to conduct research for 15-20 years. During this time, the results of all experiments, of which several hundred are already planned, will be collected, the data will be combined into a common picture, in order to say with 100% accuracy exactly how electromagnetic radiation affects (or does not affect) human health.

The influence of a personal computer on the human body

Microwave ovens operate mostly for a short time (on average from 1 to 7 minutes), TVs cause significant harm only when located at a close distance from the audience. Against this background, the problem of PC electromagnetic radiation, that is, the influence of computers on the human body, is quite acute due to several reasons. The computer has two sources of electromagnetic radiation at once (monitor and system unit).

In addition, there are several secondary factors that exacerbate the situation, these include working in a cramped unventilated room and the concentration of many PCs in one place. The monitor, especially its side and rear walls, is a very powerful source of EMP. And although every year more and more stringent standards are adopted that limit the radiation power of the monitor, this only leads to better quality protective coating on the front of the screen, while the side and back panels still remain powerful sources of radiation. According to recent studies, the human body is most sensitive to the electromagnetic field located at frequencies of 40 - 70 GHz, since the wavelengths at these frequencies are commensurate with the size of cells and an insignificant level of the electromagnetic field is sufficient to cause significant damage to human health. A distinctive feature of modern computers is an increase in the operating frequencies of the central processor and peripheral devices, as well as an increase in power consumption up to 400 - 500W. As a result, the radiation level of the system unit at frequencies of 40 - 70 GHz has increased thousands of times over the past 2 - 3 years and has become a much more serious problem than monitor radiation.

1. The consequences of working for a PC

The increased electromagnetic background largely ensures the impact of PC on people's health. As a result of prolonged work at the computer for several days, a person feels tired, becomes extremely irritable, often answers questions with unambiguous answers, he wants to lie down. Such a phenomenon in modern society is called chronic fatigue syndrome and, according to official medicine, is not treatable.

To date, at least 3 main types of computer impact on humans are known.

1. The first of them is a violation of the functioning of some body systems due to sedentary work. This significantly affected the musculoskeletal, muscular, circulatory systems etc.
2. The next type of impact is the user's concentration on the monitor screen for a long period of time, that is, the damage to the computer can manifest itself in various problems with the visual system.
3. The third and last type of interaction between computers and humans is harmful electromagnetic radiation, which, according to the latest research in this area, can be one of the most dangerous factors for human health.

And although over the past 10 years, manufacturers have significantly reduced the level of radiation from the front of the monitor, but there are still side and rear panels, as well as a system unit, the power and operating frequencies of which are constantly increasing, and therefore the level of dangerous high-frequency electromagnetic radiation is increasing. Although manufacturers make statements such as: harm to a computer is unfounded fiction, you must be careful with this electronic device, otherwise it may be at risk To your health .

Electromagnetic radiation has the greatest impact on the immune, nervous, endocrine and reproductive systems. The immune system reduces the release into the blood of special enzymes that perform a protective function, the system of cellular immunity is weakened. The endocrine system begins to release more adrenaline into the blood, as a result, the load on the cardiovascular system of the body increases. There is a thickening of the blood, as a result of which the cells receive less oxygen. A person who has been exposed to electromagnetic radiation for a long time has a reduced sexual desire for opposite sex(this is partly a consequence of fatigue, partly caused by changes in the activity of the endocrine system), potency decreases. Changes in the nervous system are visible to the naked eye. As noted above, the signs of the disorder are irritability, fatigue, memory loss, sleep disturbance, general tension, people become fussy. Under the influence of electromagnetic radiation, very serious diseases can occur. These are cases of blood clotting disorders, hypotension, dysfunction of the spinal cord, etc. Not a single scientist or doctor is now able to name all the consequences and symptoms. At the moment, this threat is considered much more dangerous than the impact of half-life products and heavy metals after the Chernobyl accident.

These are the consequences of the influence of electromagnetic radiation from a computer on human health.

As a protective measure, regular walks on fresh air, airing the room, playing sports, exercising for the eyes (Appendix 4), observing the rules for working at a computer (Appendix 1), working with good equipment that meets existing safety and sanitary standards. It is important to know the rules of working at a computer (Appendix 3)

1. Our research

1. Studying the influence of PC on attention and memory

In our time, life without a computer has become impossible, and it has become necessary in work and study. Not so long ago it was believed that since the impact of the computer is not visible, it means that the computer does not affect the body at all.

Our own research observations indicate that, most likely, the computer brings significant harm to health.

this work was carried out in two stages

Stage 1: questioning and analysis of questionnaires.

Object of study: secondary school students (from the fifth to the eleventh grade).

Subject of study:the provision of schoolchildren with computers, work at computers and the well-being of schoolchildren after working on a computer.

Methodical research procedure: this sociological study is not continuous, but selective, since not all children have a computer at home. It makes sense to interview several people from different classes in order to get a general detailed idea of ​​​​the issue under study.

Sample:

General population - students (from 5th to 11th grade) of a secondary general education school

The sample is 10 people: students of the 10th and 11th grades.

The age of the respondents is from 10 to 16 years.

Social groups - schoolchildren high school.

Education - incomplete secondary.

Survey instrument: questionnaire.

Stage 2:

A study of attention in 10 schoolchildren before working on a computer, after one hour of work, after three hours of work according to the methods described in more detail in the relevant chapters.

Equipment and materials: attention research tables, stopwatch.

Discussion of the results of the survey(Annex 5)

79 people took part in the survey. 53 students (67%) have home computers. In addition, another 23 people use computers with friends or relatives (29%).

Total availability of computers in school is 67%!!!

22% of respondents answered - 2-3 times a week. 8.9% - occasionally, 69% - every day.

The answers to this question were very diverse: from 1 hour to look at the Internet to 8 hours.

The vast majority of respondents (96.2%) named all three answers, and only 3.8% of respondents said that they were not connected to the Internet. 30 hours - are fond of games, 51 hours - are engaged in educational activities, 50 hours - "sit" on the Internet

6. Do you know the rules of working with a computer

2 people, and this is 2.5%, do not know the rules for working with a computer. The rest answered that they knew, but they could not answer all our questions about these rules. Only 1 person correctly named the basic requirements for working at a computer.

60 people (76%) of the respondents answered that sometimes a computer helps (for example, in writing essays), and sometimes interferes with their studies.

Only 73% confidently answered that the computer affects health, 14% of children found it difficult to answer this question, and 13% believe that the computer does not affect health at all.

56% of students are concerned about their own health.

The sum of the specified percentages is not equal to 100, since it was allowed to mark several options.

Thus, in a small school, where children of not very wealthy parents mainly live, the number of computer users is 67%.

In addition, we conducted an additional study of the vision of students in grades 5-11. Of the 79 people, 22 people have poor eyesight (of which 15 are high school students), which is 27.8%. Approximately a third of them (16 people) associate visual impairment with long sitting at computer.

2) Studying the influence of a computer on the stability of attention in schoolchildren in grades 10 and 11.

To perform this part of the work, we used the Landolt technique. It allows you to quickly and quickly enough, in conditions that provide increased interest of students in the content of tasks performed, to evaluate such indicators of attention as its distribution and stability at the same time. The last circumstance is important in the event that psychodiagnostics is carried out for adolescents who are extremely mobile and, as a rule, are not able to perform relatively uninteresting test tasks for a long time without distraction.

Stage 1 - control.

Methodology for assessing the distribution and stability of attention

using 25-digit one-color numerical tables

The stimulus material for this technique is 5 black-and-white 25-digit tables presented in fig. Numbers are randomly placed in the cells of these tables - from 1 to 25.

The procedure for applying the technique is as follows. The subject looks through the first table and finds it, indicating in it all the numbers from 1 to 25. Then, he does the same with all the other tables. The speed of work is taken into account, i.e. the time taken to look up all the digits in each table. The average time of work with one table is determined. To do this, the sum of the time required for all five tables is calculated, which is then divided by 5. The result is an average of work with one table. It is the numerical index of the child's attention distribution.

In order to assess the stability of attention using the same method, it is necessary to compare the time spent on viewing each table. If this time varies insignificantly from the first to the fifth table and the difference in the time spent on viewing individual tables does not exceed 10 seconds, then attention is considered stable. In the opposite case, a conclusion is made about insufficient stability of attention.

A, B, C, D, E - Matrices for the method of assessing the distribution and stability of attention.

Stage 1 - control:

The results obtained are within the age norm. Attention retention is good.

Stage 2 - after one hour of work at the computer:

The time spent on working with each cell has increased quite significantly. Attention retention is good.

Stage 3 - after three hours of working with a computer:

The time spent working with each cell has increased significantly. In addition, the difference in time when working with each subsequent cell is 11 seconds or more, which indicates a very strong fatigue. Of the 10 examined, all had a deviation from the norm after 3 hours of work on the computer.Thus, work on the computer affects the stability of attention in schoolchildren.

1. Studying the influence of the computer on attention span

for students in grades 10 and 11.

To perform this part of the work, we used the Munstenberg technique. The technique is aimed at determining the selectivity of attention; it can also be used to diagnose attention concentration and noise immunity.

Instruction.

Among the set of letters there are words. The task is to find and underline these words as quickly as possible.

The study group consisted of 10 people. The study was carried out in three stages.

Stage 1 - control.

Stage 2 - after one hour of work at the computer.

Stage 3 - after three hours of work at the computer.

Form of the Munstenberg technique

First option

Бсолнцеюьвлаоугкщрайондлсмшклаьбкновостьщизщшкуцисмфактукгнэкзаменфыльшщггкпрокурордлждлжлабетеориялждлачашщшщуахоккейитроицалодоыэвшкщетелевизорлэзнпппвававпавгнгняпамятьдвщакшенгшгфтышщщийштцчлэвосприбюерадостьжидвшкгншщсчмнародлжфлыждвлшйгцшутдилудлждлждлрепортажэшвшггншэщгшнеконкурсдлждпшфщшгщшфличностьшггнгвнцерпуофгфышнвшфнышгэпрплаваниеоыдловдоадыолдечьсюябкомедиявлжалживдалотчаниедылжвэлорждвлащчшатукетмдлывлабораториялждалждлукшэщшшгщшгащыоснованиелыолдфллвжыдфлаэжыдлважэпсихиатриялэвдэллжфылдвжддажыопроалопршгрпйхйзшщц

Second option

бзеркаловтргщоцэномерзгучтелефонъхэьгчяпланьустуденттрочягщшгцкпклиникагурсеабестадияемтоджебъамфутболсуждениефцуйгахтйфлабораторияболджщзхюэлгщъбвниманиешогхеюжипдргщхщнздмысльйцунендшизхъвафыпролдрадостьабфырплослдпоэтессаячсинтьппбюнбюегрустьвуфциеждлшррпдепутатшалдьхэшщгиернкуыфйщоператорэкцууждорлафывюфбьконцертйфнячыувскаприндивидзжэьеюдшщглоджшзюпрводолаздтлжэзбьтрдшжнпркывтрагедияшлдкуйфвоодушевлениейфрлчвтлжэхьгфтасенфакультетгшдщнруцтргшчтлрвершинанлэщцъфезхжьбэркентаопрукгвсмтрхирургияцлкбщтбплмстчьйфясмтщзайэъягнтзхтм

Discussion of the results

Stage 1 - control.

The average time spent on this job is 116.8 seconds. There were no missing words.

Stage 2 - after one hour of work on the computer.

The average time spent on this job is 136.5 seconds. Among the ten subjects, there were 3 words not found.

Stage 3 - after three hours of work on the computer.

The average time spent on this job is 185 seconds, i.e. over three minutes!

Thus, work at the computer significantly affects the mental processes of the student, in particular, the distribution and stability of attention.

4. Conclusions

1. Provision with computers even at school, where families usually have a small income - 67%.

2. The main harmful factors when working at a computer include: sitting position for a long time, exposure to electromagnetic radiation from the monitor, strain on eyesight, spine, overload of the joints of the hands, respiratory diseases, allergies, mental disorders.

3. 27.8% of students in grades 5-11 have poor eyesight, about half of them name the cause of visual impairment - prolonged "sitting" at the computer.

4. Work at the computer significantly affects the mental processes of the student, in particular, the distribution and stability of attention.

1. Conclusion

In conclusion, we can say that many hypotheses are now being built about the impact of PC on health. It is even suggested that radiation causes cancerous tumors. But this has not yet been proven. BYE... But if this is proved in 5-10 years, then those who neglected the simple rules of their own safety will no longer be able to be helped. So many people need to think about the future.

Another hypothesis, also not yet proven, is that the computer affects the structure of the chromosome apparatus and leads to mutations. If this is so, then in 50-100 years there will not be a single healthy person left on Earth.

All this makes you think about what will happen next. And should you sit behind a glowing screen extra hours?

You can replace, repair a computer that has become unusable, but this does not happen to the body. Therefore, when buying another PC, think about what is more expensive for you and, in addition to the performance of your electronic assistant, take care of yourself. We need to take care of our health now so that it is not excruciatingly painful in the future.

This work aroused extreme interest among all the students of our school. Maybe someone in front of their classmates was cunning, saying that he had a computer. But, anyway, we did not expect such a supply of computers for a modern student at all.

The children of the whole school showed interest in this work, and in the process of research they themselves became convinced of the harm that the computer causes to the health and psyche of the child.

In addition, many have finally learned the rules of working at a computer, which makes our work even more valuable and relevant.

Attachment 1

Rules for working for a PC

1. Install an optical filter on the screen (if there is no built-in one).

2. The top edge of the monitor should be at eye level, and the bottom edge of the screen should be approximately 20 degrees below eye level.

3. The computer screen should be at a distance of 40-75 cm from the eyes.

4. The illumination of the screen should be equal to the illumination of the room.

5. When using the keyboard, the elbow joint should be at a 90 degree angle.

6. Every 10 minutes look away from the screen for 5-10 seconds (for example, towards the window).

7. Do not use the keyboard continuously for more than 30 minutes.

8. At the first sign of pain in the hands, immediately consult a doctor.

9. Organize work in such a way that the nature of the operations performed changes during the working day.

10. The duration of direct work with a computer depends on the availability of skills and the severity of the work and is: for schoolchildren - 1 hour with a break of 15-20 minutes; for adults - 4 hours with a break of 20 minutes every 2 hours.

Appendix 2

Here are some helpful tips:

1. Correct posture.When working at a computer, you need to sit directly in front of the screen, so that the top of the screen is at eye level. In no case should you work at the computer while lying down. You can not work at the computer while eating, and also sit stooped, otherwise the normal functioning of the internal organs will be disrupted.

2. Distance from eyes to monitorshould be 45-60 cm. If you play on a TV box, the distance from your eyes to the TV screen should be at least 3 m.

3. Protective equipment.If you or your child wear glasses, they should also be worn while using the computer. You can also use special protective glasses with lenses-filters.

4. Proper lighting.The room where the computer is located should be well lit. AT sunny weather cover the windows with curtains so that the monitor does not reflect.

5. Feeling good. You can not work at the computer in a painful or weakened state. This will further tire the body and slow down the healing process.

6. Observe the regime of work and rest.From time to time it is necessary to look at foreign objects in the room, and every half hour take a break for 10-15 minutes. When we watch TV or work at a computer, our eyes blink 6 times less than in normal conditions, and therefore are less often washed with tear fluid. This is fraught with drying of the cornea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe eye.

7. Special gymnastics.During the break, it is recommended to do gymnastics for the eyes. You need to stand at the window, look into the distance, and then quickly focus on the tip of the nose. And so 10 times in a row. Then you need to blink quickly for 20-30 seconds. There is another exercise: look sharply first up, then to the left, down and to the right. Repeat the procedure 10 times, then close your eyes and let them rest.

8. Nutrition. It is very useful to take vitamin A. It is responsible for the sensitivity of the eyes to bright light and sudden changes in the image. Just follow the instructions exactly: an excess of vitamin. And it doesn't lead to anything good.

Annex 3

Norms of work at the computer for children

Option 1 - these are standard norms developed by the Ministry of Health based on computer labs equipped with ordinary school furniture and computers manufactured before 1997 - with outdated displays, simple software and lack of dynamic games.

Option 2 - it's more modern norms, focused on lyceums and approximately corresponding to a specialized home workplace. They suggest a high-contrast display, special furniture, air conditioning and dust collection systems.

Option 3 - This is an extra-class option that provides for work on a computer with a liquid crystal display.

Children under three years of age are not recommended to work at a computer and play computer games.

A preschool child is allowed to spend at the computer no more than 30 minutes a day.

Appendix 4

Gymnastics for the eyes when working on a PC

After each exercise, it is advisable to close and relax your eyes (for one minute).

1) Frequent blinking of the eyes. Blink quickly and lightly for 2 minutes.Helps improve blood circulation.

2) Close your eyes tightly for 3-5 seconds, and then open your eyes for 3-5 seconds. Repeat 7 times.Strengthens the muscles of the eyelids, improves blood circulation, helps to relax the muscles of the eyes.

3) Exercise "trainer for the eyes": move your eyes in different directions (in a circle - clockwise and counterclockwise, right - left, up - down, figure eight). The eyes can be opened or closed as desired. If your eyes are open, then when moving your eyes, pay attention to the surrounding objects.Strengthens the muscles of the eyes.

4) With three fingers of each hand, lightly press the upper eyelids, after 1-2 seconds, remove the fingers from the eyelids. Repeat 3 times.Improves the circulation of intraocular fluid.

5) Exercise "close - far": attach a small picture or a coin on the window (or find any point on the window), look at the picture for 4-5 seconds, then the same amount at a distant object outside the window. Repeat 10 times.Relieves fatigue, facilitates visual work at close range.

Appendix 5

Questionnaire for students

Dear respondent!

In order to find out the availability of computers for secondary school students and the impact of a computer on your health, we ask you to answer the questions presented in this questionnaire.

Thank you in advance for participating in the survey!

1. Provision of computers for school students

a) have their own

b) I use my friends computer

c) I use my parents' computer at work

d) in an Internet cafe

e) other options

2. How often do you sit at the computer

a) every day

b) 2-3 times a week

c) occasionally

d) other options

3. How much time do you spend on the computer

a) 1 hour b) 2 hours c) 3 hours d) more

4. What kind of work do you do at the computer

a) for educational purposes

b) play

c) surf the Internet

d) other options

5. Do you know the rules of working with a computer

a) yes b) no

6. Do you follow these rules

a) yes b) no

6. Do you think that sitting at the computer affects school performance

a) yes b) no

7. How does the computer affect academic performance

a) better grades

b) grades are worse

c) sometimes the computer helps, sometimes it interferes with learning

8. Do you think that sitting at the computer affects your health

a) yes b) no

c) hard to answer

9. If yes, are you worried about the deterioration of your health after working at the computer

a) yes b) no

10. What do you feel after working at the computer

a) headache

b) eyes hurt or see worse

c) dizziness

d) back pain

e) sore or numb hands

g) other options

Thank you very much for your assistance in conducting this sociological study!

The work was completed by: Evgeny Kraft, Elena Dyachkova Supervisor: physics teacher MBOU Matyshevskaya secondary school Kalinina N.V.

Research work in physics "The influence of electromagnetic radiation on human health"

Purpose: To find out what effect electromagnetic radiation has on the human body. Or should we not be afraid of anything?

Tasks: 1. The influence of electromagnetic radiation on the human body. 2. Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the human body. 3. Harm of microwaves, mobile phones and computers. 4. The consequences of working on a computer and how to protect yourself from EMR? 5. Conduct your own research.

The main sources of EMP 1 . Electric transport (trams, trolleybuses, trains,…). 2. Power lines (city lighting, high voltage, ...). 3. Wiring (inside buildings, telecommunications,…). 4. Household electrical appliances 5. Television and radio stations (transmitting antennas). 6. Satellite and cellular communications (transmitting antennas). 7. Radars. 8. Personal computers.

Relevance of the topic: We can no longer imagine our lives without cellular communications, microwave ovens, televisions, computers. Currently, the problem of the impact of electromagnetic waves on the human body is relevant.

A person is made up of the smallest living structures - cells. Chemical processes take place inside every cell. As a result of chemical reactions, cells produce current. Electric currents, in turn, create an electromagnetic field around each cell, and merging from all cells together form an electromagnetic field (aura) around a person. And if a person is exposed to external electromagnetic radiation, then the person's own electromagnetic field (aura) is destroyed, as a result of which disturbances occur in chemical processes in human cells. Aura of a healthy person. Aura of a sick person.

Cooking in microwave ovens is not natural, not healthy, not healthy and much more dangerous than we can imagine. Most people do not even think about the safety of food cooked in a microwave oven for human health. Is the microwave trendy?

There is a situation of global exposure to electromagnetic fields of the entire population.

Scientists warn: children who use mobile phones are at increased risk of memory and sleep disorders.

Cellular communications and children's health EmFs are especially dangerous for children. During the period of growth, the body is more sensitive to EMR than an already formed adult.

Harm to a computer Although manufacturers make statements such as: harm to a computer is an unfounded fiction, you must be careful with this electronic device, otherwise your health may be at risk. Under the influence of electromagnetic radiation, very serious diseases can occur. These are cases of blood clotting disorders, hypotension, dysfunction of the spinal cord, etc. At the moment, this threat is considered much more dangerous than the impact of half-life products and heavy metals after the Chernobyl accident.

Our research Studying the influence of the PC on attention and memory In our time, life without a computer has become impossible, and it has become necessary in work and study. Not so long ago it was believed that since the impact of the computer is not visible, it means that the computer does not affect the body at all. Our own research observations indicate that, most likely, the computer brings significant harm to health. Object of study: students of a secondary educational school Subject of study: provision of schoolchildren with computers, work at computers and the well-being of schoolchildren after working on a computer. Methodological research procedure: this sociological research is not continuous, but selective, since not all children have a computer at home. Survey instrument: questionnaire. This work was carried out in two stages

2) Studying the influence of a computer on the stability of attention in schoolchildren of grades 10 and 11. Stage 2: Study of attention in 10 schoolchildren before working on a computer, after one hour of work, after three hours of work according to the methods of Landolt and Munstenberg. Equipment and materials: attention research tables, stopwatch. .

Poll results: Among the students surveyed, boys have an average conversation time of 1 hour a day, girls - 2.5 hours.

A cell phone, a computer, and various household electrical appliances are like fire. As long as you use them carefully, follow all the rules, they bring benefits and joy. . Conclusion:

As protective measures, one can name: regular walks in the fresh air, airing the room, playing sports, exercising for the eyes, following the rules of working at a computer, good food, working with good machinery that meets existing safety and health standards. It is important to know the rules of working with a computer

Protection against e / m waves in the classroom.

Thank you for your attention!

Electromagnetic waves of various ranges are widely used in radar, radio meteorology, radio astronomy, radio navigation, space research, nuclear physics. In physiotherapy rooms, during the operation of medical equipment, electromagnetic fields arise, to which the personnel are exposed.

It is known that the sources of radiation of radio waves are tube generators that convert DC energy into energy alternating current high frequency. In the working premises of radio and television stations, sources of high-frequency fields can be insufficiently protected transmitter units, separation filters and radiating antenna systems. Microwave fields have the most pronounced biological effect. It has been established that centimeter and millimeter waves are absorbed by the skin and, acting on receptors, have a reflex effect on the body.

Radio waves - electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies - are part of a wide electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths ranging from a few millimeters to several kilometers. They arise as a result of fluctuations in electric charges. The higher the oscillation frequency, the shorter the wavelength. Decimeter waves, penetrating to a depth of 10-15 cm, can directly affect the internal organs. In all likelihood, waves and the UHF range have a similar effect. There are short, ultrashort (KB, VHF), as well as waves of high, ultra-high frequency (HF, UHF). Electromagnetic waves propagate at the speed of light waves. Like sound, they have a resonant property, causing coincident vibrations in an equally tuned oscillatory circuit. The magnitude of the field created by the generators is characterized as the intensity electric field, measured in volts per meter (V / m), and the strength of the magnetic field, which is expressed in amperes per meter (A / m). The unit of intensity of irradiation by centimeter waves is the intensity expressed in terms of power flux density (the value of wave energy in watts incident on 1 cm2 of the body surface per second). The intensity of electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the room depends on the power of the generator, the degree of shielding and the presence of metal coatings in the room.

Pathogenesis

It has now been proven that the electrical energy absorbed by the body can cause both thermal and specific biological effects. The intensity of the biological action increases with the increase in the power and duration of the EMF, and the severity of the reaction mainly depends on the range of radio frequencies, as well as on the individual characteristics of the organism. Intense irradiation first causes a thermal effect. The influence of high-intensity microwaves is associated with the release of heat in a biological object, which leads to undesirable consequences (heating of organs and tissues, thermal damage, etc.). At the same time, when EMF is below the permissible level, a peculiar specific (non-thermal) effect is observed, manifested by excitation of the vagus nerve and synapses. When exposed to high and ultra-high frequency currents, a cumulation of the biological effect is noted, resulting in functional disorders in the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

Clinical picture

Depending on the intensity and duration of exposure to radio waves, acute and chronic forms of damage to the body are distinguished. Acute defeat occurs only in case of accidents or gross violation of safety regulations, when the worker finds himself in a powerful EMF. There is a temperature reaction (39-40 °C); there is shortness of breath, a feeling of ache in the arms and legs, muscle weakness, headaches, palpitations. Bradycardia and hypertension are noted. Severe vegetative-vascular disorders, diencephalic crises, attacks of paroxysmal tachycardia, anxiety, repeated nosebleeds, leukocytosis are described.

With chronic exposure, patients most often complain of general weakness, fatigue, decreased performance, sleep disorders, irritability, sweating, headache of indeterminate localization. Some are concerned about pain in the region of the heart, sometimes of a compressive nature with irradiation to the left arm and shoulder blade, shortness of breath. Painful phenomena in the region of the heart are more often felt by the end of the working day, after nervous or physical stress. Individuals may complain of darkening in the eyes, dizziness, weakening of memory, attention. An objective examination of the nervous system in many patients shows vasomotor lability, increased pilomotor reflex, acrocyanosis, hyperhidrosis, persistent, often red, dermographism, tremor of the eyelids and fingers of outstretched hands, and revitalization of tendon reflexes.

All this manifests itself in the form of an astheno-vegetative syndrome of varying degrees of severity. Changes in the parasympathetic nervous system are among the most characteristic reactions of the body to the effects of microwave electromagnetic fields. They are expressed in arterial hypotension and a tendency to bradycardia, the frequency and severity of which depend on the intensity of exposure. In those working with microwave generators, violations of thermoregulation and other phenomena of vegetative-vascular or diencephalic pathology (subfebrile temperature, thermoasymmetry, two-humped or flat sugar curve) are possible, inhibition of skin sensitivity to ultraviolet rays. In rare cases, diencephalic syndrome is observed.

The clinical symptoms of pathological changes in the cardiovascular system resemble a picture of neurocirculatory dystonia, more often of a hypotonic type, changes in the myocardial dystrophic nature are found in the myocardium.

Endocrine-metabolic disorders also appear against the background of functional disorders of the central nervous system. Often there are shifts in the functional state of the thyroid gland in the direction of increasing its activity. In severe forms of pathology, the activity of the gonads is disrupted (dysmenorrhea in women, impotence in men).

Exposure to radio waves is accompanied by changes in peripheral blood parameters, and their instability and lability are often noted. There is a tendency to leukocytosis or, more often, to leukopenia, neutropenia, relative lymphocytosis. There are indications of an increase in the number of eosinophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood and a decrease in the number of platelets. On the part of the red blood, a slight reticulocytosis is detected. Microwaves under especially unfavorable working conditions have a damaging effect on the eyes, causing clouding of the lens - microwave cataract. Changes may progress over time. Turbidity, revealed during biomicroscopy, is noted in the form of white dots, fine dust, individual threads located in the anteroposterior layer of the lens, near the equator, in some cases - in the form of chains, plaques and spots. When diagnosing occupational diseases, the syndromic classification of lesions by the microwave field, proposed by E.A. Drogichina and M.N. Sadchikova, distinguish vegetative, asthenic, asthenovegetative, angiodystonic and diencephalic syndromes.

General strengthening therapy with the use of sedatives and hypnotics is recommended. Antihistamines, small tranquilizers, glucose with ascorbic acid are shown; biogenic stimulants- tincture of ginseng, Chinese lemongrass, eleutherococcus extract. With a combination of symptoms of autonomic dysfunction with asthenic syndrome, it is advisable to alternate intramuscular injections calcium gluconate and intravenous infusions of glucose with ascorbic acid. In the case of an increase in blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs are indicated. With a combination of functional disorders of the central nervous system (asthenic syndrome with autonomic dysfunction) with changes in peripheral blood, vitamin B6 is prescribed. With a combination of functional disorders of the central nervous system (asthenic syndrome and autonomic dysfunction) with changes in peripheral blood, vitamin B6 is prescribed.

Working capacity examination

In the absence of an explicit therapeutic effect, as well as in severe forms of the disease (sharp asthenia, pronounced neurocirculatory disorders, diencephalic insufficiency), after appropriate therapeutic and preventive measures, a transfer to a job not related to exposure to electromagnetic fields is indicated, a referral to a medical and social examination to determine the degree of disability.

In prevention importance has a systematic control over the level of radio emissions, shielding of installations in order to protect workers from radiation and the use of personal protective equipment, preliminary upon admission to work and periodic medical examinations with the participation of a therapist, neuropathologist, oculist, determination of the hemoglobin content in the blood, the number of leukocytes, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Persons employed at work with sources of electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies (millimeter, centimeter, decimeter) are examined once every 12 months; when working with sources of electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high, high, low and ultra-low frequencies - 1 time in 24 months. Additional medical contraindications for employment with currents of high and ultrahigh frequencies are severe autonomic dysfunction, cataracts, drug addiction, substance abuse, including chronic alcoholism, schizophrenia and other endogenous psychoses.

Electromagnetic waves - the inevitable companions of domestic comfort. They permeate the space around us and our bodies: sources of EM radiation warm and light houses, serve for cooking, provide instant communication with any corner of the world. The influence of electromagnetic waves on the human body today is the subject of heated debate. So, for example, in Sweden, "electromagnetic allergy" is considered a disease. Although World Organization Healthcare classifies such a reaction of the body as a "possible disease." Among its symptoms are headache, chronic fatigue, memory disorders.

“In my two decades of work, I have not seen any cases of electromagnetic allergy,” says Nina Rubtsova, a doctor, a member of the international expert commission of the WHO Electromagnetic Fields and Human Health program. “But phobias associated with electromagnetic waves have developed in society.” Do we have reasons for them? And how to minimize the likely harm from exposure to radiation?

How does electromagnetic radiation work?

All operating electrical appliances (and electrical wiring) create an electromagnetic field around them, which causes the movement of charged particles: electrons, protons, ions or dipole molecules. The cells of a living organism consist of charged molecules - proteins, phospholipids (molecules of cell membranes), water ions - and also have a weak electromagnetic field. Under the influence of a strong electromagnetic field, molecules with a charge make oscillatory movements. This gives rise to a number of processes, both positive (improvement of cellular metabolism) and negative (for example, destruction of cellular structures).

Everything is ambiguous. In our country, studies of the influence of electromagnetic fields on humans and animals have been conducted for more than 50 years. After hundreds of experiments, Russian scientists have found that most affected are growing tissues, embryos . “It turned out that electromagnetic fields also affect the nervous and muscle tissues, can provoke neurological disorders and insomnia, as well as malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract - explains Nina Rubtsova. - They are change both heart rate and blood pressure « .

The influence of the electromagnetic field cannot be characterized as unambiguously negative - electromagnetic radiation is used in physiotherapy for the treatment of many diseases: it can accelerate tissue healing and have an anti-inflammatory effect. How exactly the electromagnetic field from ordinary household appliances affects us and how harmful it is to a healthy person is a moot point, therefore it is prudent to shield sources of electromagnetic radiation wherever possible and try to minimize its impact.

So, all household electrical appliances are sources of electromagnetic radiation, and the higher the power, the more aggressive the field . It is most powerful in microwave ovens, refrigerators with a frost-free system, electric stoves and mobile phones. Relatively harmless is considered low-frequency radiation propagating from the mains of the house. The field radiates from the wires even when the circuit is open and no electricity flows through them, but is largely shielded by grounded conductive materials, such as the walls of a house. The magnetic component of electromagnetic fields is more difficult to shield, but it disappears when the appliance is turned off. The exception is electrical appliances with a transformer that are turned off but remain connected to the network (TV, video, etc.). More dangerous is considered high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, the sources of which are radio and television transmitters, as well as radars.

Electromagnetic radiation at home

“In residential premises, it is enough to correctly arrange household appliances: a bed and sofas, a dining table, that is, those places where we spend a lot of time, should not fall into their field,” explains Dmitry Davydov, an expert at Ecostandard, an independent environmental review company. - When moving away from the source of electrical radiation at a double distance, the field strength decreases by a factor of four. This is the easiest way to minimize exposure to radiation: for example, don't sit too close to the TV."

It is better to place a sleeping place no closer than 10 cm from the wall, especially in houses with reinforced concrete walls. Well, if the wiring has a third ground wire, you can also replace conventional wiring with shielded wiring. It is better if the wires and sockets are closer to the floor, and not at the level of the human belt, as is often the case. Electric heated floors generate a field of up to one meter above the surface, so it is best not to place them under the bed or in the nursery. However, this disadvantage can be compensated for with the help of shielding paints, wallpaper and fabric materials.

Induction cookers generate strong magnetic fields, metal-ceramic hobs are preferable. The most modern models of microwave ovens are relatively safe: now most manufacturers pay special attention to their high tightness. You can check it if you carry a sheet of aluminum foil in front of the door of a working microwave oven: the absence of crackling and sparks will confirm that everything is in order.

Electromagnetic radiation at work

For those who work a lot at the computer, there is a simple rule: there should be a distance of about a meter between the face and the screen. And of course, plasma or LCD screens are safer than cathode ray tubes. Radio and mobile phones are another source of radiation that we can't avoid. These are transmitter-receiver devices that we hold near our ears and allow the radiation to act directly on the brain. “The question of the degree of harmfulness of mobile phones is being discussed,” Ecostandard specialist Alexander Mikheev comments on the problem. – The power of electromagnetic radiation of a mobile phone is a variable value. It depends on the state of the communication channel "mobile phone - base station". The higher the signal level of the station in the place of reception, the lower the radiation power of the mobile phone. As a precaution, you can suggest the following: carry the phone in a bag or briefcase, and not on the belt or on the chest, use a handsfree headset, especially when long calls are needed, choose models of phones with the lowest radiation power, especially for children. Children under the age of 12 should not use a mobile phone at all.”

Electromagnetic radiation outdoors

High voltage power lines (HPL) are hazardous to health - it is forbidden to build housing under them, but you can pass under them. “There are many hypotheses that substantiate the harmful effects of power lines on our body,” explains Alexander Mikheev. “According to one of them, power lines ionize dust particles flying nearby, which, getting into the lungs, transfer their charges to cells, disrupting their functions.”

Many of us are frightened by the proximity of cellular antennas, which are sources of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves, with power lines. "According to existing rules, antennas of transmitting radio engineering objects are recommended to be placed on separate supports, but placement on the roofs of buildings, including residential ones, is also allowed, - Alexander Mikheev continues. - The main radiation energy (more than 90%) is concentrated in a rather narrow "beam", and it is always directed away from buildings and above adjacent buildings. This is a necessary condition for the normal functioning of the communication system.”

As Ecostandard told us, although in theory these antennas can have a harmful effect on health, in practice there are no grounds for alarm: studies of the electromagnetic environment in the area where the antennas were located were carried out by specialists different countries, including Sweden, Hungary and Russia. In 91% of cases, the recorded levels of the electromagnetic field were about 50 times less than the permissible level.

Electromagnetic waves that heal

A whole branch of medicine physiotherapy– successfully uses electromagnetic radiation for the treatment of various diseases. The PhD, head of the department of physiotherapy and rehabilitation treatment of the Research Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of Rosmedtekhnologii, physiotherapist Lev Ilyin tells how this happens.

“Let me remind you that many large molecules of our body are polar, therefore, as a result of exposure to a non-constant magnetic field, metabolism, enzymatic processes are activated, and cellular metabolism improves. This allows the use of magnetotherapy for edema, treatment of joints and for resorption of hemorrhages. The action of low-power direct current pulses on brain structures contributes to a deeper and more restful sleep. Such electrosleep is an important part of the treatment of hypertension, neurasthenia, sleepwalking and some vascular diseases. In acute inflammatory processes, the well-known UHF is used - a device that generates an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency with a short wavelength. The tissues of our body absorb these waves and convert them into thermal energy. As a result, the movement of blood and lymph is accelerated, tissues are freed from fluid stagnation (usual in inflammation), functions are activated. connective tissue. The apparatus for UHF therapy also allows you to relieve spasms of the smooth muscles of the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, accelerates the restoration of nervous tissue, reduces the sensitivity of terminal nerve receptors, that is, it contributes to pain relief. It also reduces the tone of capillaries and arterioles, lowers blood pressure and reduces the heart rate.