Energy drinks conclusion by composition. Research work "energy drinks"

MBOU secondary school No. 1, Pokrov

VIII school scientific and practical conference

"The Veil: A Step into the Future"

Research work

Energetic drinks

Completed:

Peshekhonov Igor and Biryukova Anna

9th grade students

Scientific adviser:

Ovchinnikova Tatyana Nikolaevna

chemistry teacher

Pokrov

2013

Table of contents

1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………3

1.2 Work progress………………………………………………………………………….3

2. Energy drinks………………………………………………………………..4

2.2. Components……………………………………………………….…………………….7

3. Practical part………………………………………………………………….8

4. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….11

5. Literature……………………………………..………………………………………12

6. Applications…………………………………………………………...…………….13

1. Introduction

AT modern conditions Many factors affect people's health.One of which is the consumption of energy drinks.. Energetic drinks- non-alcoholic or low-alcohol drinks, the advertising campaign of which focuses on their ability to stimulate the human central nervous system and / or anti-sedative effect. AT modern society drink is commonplace. In addition to adults, formed people, these drinks are also drunk by young people with an organism that has not yet been completely formed. The consumption of drinks can adversely affect the growth and development of a teenager, because energy drinks do not bring the benefits that a growing child needs. Despite this, manufacturers do not spare money on promotions to promote their product and claim that these products only bring benefits, and release new types of drinks. But is it? This is to be found out.

We put forwardhypothesis : energy drinks adversely affect the human body.

Target of this work is to find out what effect energy drinks have on the human body and show the results MBOU students Secondary School No. 1, Pokrov.

Relevance my work lies in the fact that in today's society a lot of people use energy drinks without thinking about the consequences.

1.2. Progress

We have set the followingtasks :

Familiarize yourself with the literature about these drinks.

Conduct experiments showing the interaction of power engineers with various components.

Show the results of the experiments to teenagers.

2. Energy drink

Energetic is a highly carbonated drink, it contains a large number of (H 2 CO 3 ) - as this contributes to faster absorption of the components and the rapid onset of the effect. Drinks contain tonic substances, most often (in some cases, instead of caffeine, extracts are claimed in the composition, or containing caffeine, or caffeine under other names: mateine, theine, although, in fact, all this is the same caffeine). Energy drinks often contain vitamins, as an easily digestible source of energy - carbohydrates ( , ), etc. In recent times added . One can of drink can contain about half to a full daily dose of vitamins. Therefore, the medical restriction on the use of energy drinks is no more than one can per day. The content in energy drinks is slightly lower than in the same volume of brewed.

Doctors warn that the use of energy drinks can cause problems with the cardiovascular system, insomnia, fatigue, and rapid depletion of the body's resources.Regular consumption of energy drinks can be addictive. Without them, a person after some time reaches the phase of exhaustion, experiences lethargy, weakness and is looking for a means to relieve this condition.If drinks do contain high doses of biologically active substances, then they can cause certain adverse effects: sleep disturbance, agitation, anxiety, increased, and short. Also, "energy" is contraindicated in hypertension, diseases of the cardiovascular system, sleep disturbance, increased excitability and sensitivity to caffeine. "Energy" can not be drunk, and lactating women, people with increased nervous excitability, insomnia, cardiac disorders, illness.

The emergence of energy drinks in different countries dated different periods. So, for Germany, the “century of the first power engineers” was the twelfth century, and the abbess Hildegard von Bingen is considered the discoverer here. The energy drink owes its “second life” to the Englishman Smith-Klein Bichamon, who in 1938 prepared his first energy drink Lukozade for the athletes of Foggy Albion, which almost led to their poisoning. Later, Bichamon made some changes to the recipe of his drink and re-launched it into the now mass sale. To the surprise of everyone, a bad reputation did not prevent the drink from gaining wild popularity among the British population. Moreover, in 1962, in Japan, a new drink was created on the model of this particular drink, called Lipovitan. To date, Japan is one of the most significant exporters in the global energy drink market, and the emergence of this “potion” is associated with this country by most. The energy drink came to Europe much later than to Japan. And the pioneer here was the Austrian businessman Dietrich Matesch, who in 1982, during his business trip to Hong Kong, for the first time tried one of the tonic drinks already widely produced there. Even then, he had the idea of founding the first enterprise in Europe for industrial production energy drinks, and in 1984 he brought this idea to life. The Austrian's drink was named RedBull and gained immense popularity among Europeans, which soon led to the emergence of dozens of drinks with similar properties.

Manufacturers in advertising claim that drinks increase efficiency by stimulating the body's internal reserves. For example, it is known that glucose, like other carbohydrates, is quickly absorbed into the blood, is included in oxidative processes and delivers energy (carbohydrates) to and other vital organs. Like any stimulants, they act according to a simple scheme - to take a lot of energy from the body at once, which leads to the inevitable depletion of the nervous system, metabolic disorders. Sometimes the advertisement indicates that it is present in pure form and is not associated, as in and, with other substances that soften its effect. This statement has no basis. Manufacturers may also claim that the energizing effect lasts 3-4 hours (coffee only 1-2 hours), but no references are given.

Energy drinks are sometimes mixed with. Energy drinks perform a stimulating function, while they depress. The harm of such a combination lies in the ability of energy drinks to mask the influence, as a result of which a person will not be able to take his influence into account, weakening control over the amount of alcohol consumed. in large doses, it causes natural fatigue, but the stimulating effect of energy drinks can interrupt it. The widespread mixing of energy drinks with vodka and others has led to the emergence of pre-made cocktails.

There are cases of deaths from the use of energy drinks. For example, in February 2011, a young man died in a fight in a nightclub. The cause of death was acute coronary insufficiency. It was found that before that the guy drank "energy drink". In 2010, in the Nizhny Novgorod region, a 20-year-old young man died during a party in an entertainment complex, who had previously drunk half a liter of an energy drink. She could not save the young man and arrived at the scene Ambulance. In 2009 in Penza region the party also ended tragically. A 17-year-old girl died from an overdose of an energy drink that caused a liver hemorrhage.In July 2012, inNizhnevartovsk, a 15-year-old teenager died. The official reason is not named, the preliminary one is that the power engineers have drunk too much. According to various sources, he drank from three to six cans of the drink. Moreover, the guy did not just get poisoned by alcohol, but died a completely “adult” death: from a myocardial infarction. Heart diseases, which used to overtake people at the age of 50-60, are now rapidly "getting younger". And the energy companies are also to blame. KMnews

2.2. Components

First of all, each energy drink contains caffeine and taurine. Taurine is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine. One of the main components of bile, found in small amounts in various tissues of animals and humans, mainly in muscle.Taurine takes part in lipid metabolism, improves energy and metabolic processes. In the central nervous system, it acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and has some anticonvulsant activity. It is used as one of the components of biologically active additives to food products, not only energy drinks, but also juices, as well as animal feed. It is part of dry milk formulas for feeding children from 0 months.As for caffeine, it is a common psychostimulant found in tea, coffee, mate, guarana, kola nuts and some other plants. Reduces the feeling of fatigue and drowsiness, increases mental performance, speeds up the pulse. The period of stimulation is replaced by fatigue, requiring adequate rest. The caffeine content of energy drinks ranges from 150 to 320 mg/l, with a recommended upper tolerable intake of 150 mg per day. Also present in energy drinks: ascorbic acid (vitamin C), nicotinic acid, c sodium nitrate, potassium phosphate, D-ribose, L-carnitine, gum arabic, uh guarana extract, uhginseng extract, with sodium orbate, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, Piridoxine, theobromine.

Also taurine - is a drug, inhibits synaptic transmission, caffeine - causes addiction caffeinism, increases blood pressure, accelerates cardiac activity, Nicotinic acid - E-3754 - since August 1, 2008, is excluded from the list of permitted in Russia, theobromine - poisonous, used to treat broncho - pulmonary diseases. The list of substances that make up energy drinks includes many substances, including vitamins, but is their effect positive if they are simultaneously in the same drink?

3. Practical part

In order to see how energy drinks affect a living organism, we conducted a series of experiments. Namely:

Acidity test.

Interaction of energy drinks with raw egg white.

Interaction with milk.

Interaction with raw chicken meat.

response to carbohydrate content.

Reaction to the content of dyes.

Interaction with blood.

Interaction with a human tooth.

The reaction of plants to the strait with an energy drink.

Impact on the pulse and blood pressure of a person.

Impact on the human body as a whole.

For experiments, we took water (6) (as a reference) and 5 energy drinks:

Burn

Monster

Adrenalin Rush

red bull

Jaguar

Experience #1 . For the experiment, we took 10 mg 3 each reagent and lowered litmus strips into them. Then we compared the color of the indicator strips, it turned out that all energy drinks have acid environment(Appendix No. 1).

Experience #2 . At 10 mg 3 protein we poured 10 mg 3 energy drink, in all cases, except for the case with water, the protein coagulated. This suggests that energy drinks have a detrimental effect on the proteins in our body (Appendix No. 2).

Experience #3 . Some milk was poured into the Petri dish, then reagents were poured into it. In all cases, except for the case with water, the milk curdled almost immediately, it is worth noting that in the case ofAdrenalinRushmilk immediately formed a substance similar to porridge, but in the case ofBurnmilk almost did not curdle (Appendix No. 3).

Experience No. 4 . At 10 mg 3 we put a piece of meat for each reagent and left it for 4 days. After that, we found that the meat took on the color of an energy drink and noticeably exfoliated without absorbing the energy drink, unlike the case with water (Appendix No. 4).

Experience No. 5 . For the experience wereceived copper hydroxide (Cu ( Oh) 2 by combining copper chloride and sodium hydroxide),mixed with energy drinks and heated. If carbohydrates are contained in drinks, then the solutions will turn orange. Looking at what is written on the cans/bottles (carbs:Burn- 13.2 g,Monster- 11.1 g,AdrenalinRush- 12.5g,Redbull- 11 g,Jaguar–11.5 g), it follows that more carbohydrates should be contained in the drinkBern, but having carried out the reaction on carbohydrates, it turned out that inAdrenalinRushthere are more carbohydrates than in other drinks, although the composition suggests otherwise. Then is it worth believing what they write on cans and bottles? (Appendix No. 5)

Experience No. 6 . For this experience we are at 10mg 3 Each energy drinker was given a tablet of activated charcoal, then the solutions were boiled and filtered. If the filtrate is transparent, then the energy drink contains a dye that adsorbed coal. And so it happened, all the filtrates became transparent after the experiment, which means that they contain dyes (Appendix No. 6).

Experience No. 7 . We added a drop of energy drinks to a drop of blood. The blood coagulated almost instantly (Appendix No. 7.2), it was visible to the naked eye, but in order to obtain a reliable result, we used an electron microscope. Also, for comparison, through an electron microscope, we looked at how blood coagulates into vivo(Appendix No. 7.1). The result of the experiment suggests that the energy drink adversely affects the body.

Experience No. 8 . In 10 mg3 drinks with the nameJaguar, RedbullandBurn, we placed one tooth (in each), they stood for two days. On a tooth from a drinkJaguarthere was a yellow plaque, and the dentin darkened. AfterBurnthe tooth became red, and the dentin turned red. AfterRedBull, the tooth just turned yellow. Experience has shown exactly how drinks affect our teeth (Appendix No. 8).

Experience No. 9 . For this experiment, we planted 6 pumpkin seeds (2 per pot) and watered them with water (C), non-alcoholic energy drink (B), and alcohol energy drink (A). 5 days after the start, it was recorded that mold appeared in pot A, in pot B the seeds had just begun to germinate, in pot C they sprouted. After 10 days: in pot A, mold also remained (apparently the seeds died), in pot B, the grains sprouted quite a bit, in pot C, a young plant. This experience shows a detrimental effect not only on the human body, but also on plants (Appendix No. 9).

Experience No. 10 . For case study impact of energy drinks on the human body I drank a glass of energy drink. We measured my blood pressure and pulse before the experiment and after 20 minutes. after drinking. The results are as follows: pulse before/after - 65/91, blood pressure before-after 110/63 - 144/94. This once again shows that energy drinks affect cardiovascular activity.

Experience No. 11 . For this experience, I had to drink a glass of energy drink. 25 minutes after taking the drink, I really felt a lift in mood, but this lasted only a few minutes, and I did not experience any surge of strength. And by the evening of the same day, I was very weak and before going to bed I even contracted the muscles in my legs and arms. Are these minutes worth it?

After the experiments, we showed the students what effect energy drinks have on the human body. They said that before they had not even thought about what the results of the experiments showed (Appendix No. 10).

4. Conclusion

Thus, by experience, we learned exactly how energy drinks affect the human body, namely, they do not bring anything good, despite their advertising and taste qualities. In addition, we were able to share this with our friends and I hope that this will somehow affect their lives.

If you really want to increase your energy tone, then use other really high-energy substances for this, which will not have a negative effect on your body, but will only bring benefits. Here is one recipe for a really high-energy drink:

two teaspoons of honey

a couple of squeezed lemon slices

a tablespoon of rosehip syrup

glass of warm water

And before you is a real treasure trove of vitamins and nutrients.

5. Literature

Application No. 1

Application №2

Application №3

Application No. 4

Application No. 5

Application No. 6

Appendix No. 7.1

Appendix No. 7.2

Application No. 8

Application No. 9

5 days

10 days

Application No. 10

Kazmina D, Kharitonenko Yana

Project Manager:

Ananko Kristina Sergeevna

Institution:

State Educational Institution Gymnasium No. 71, Gomel

In the presented research work in chemistry "The influence of energy drinks on the human body" the author proposes to find out what an energy drink is for us - salvation in case of significant psycho-emotional and physical stress or a synthetic drink that is dangerous to health.

The research project in chemistry "Effect of energy drinks on the human body" contains theoretical part, where the author explores the composition of energy drinks and the effect of these components on the human body.

In the practical part chemistry project "Effect of energy drinks on the human body" 8th grade students survey the effect of energy drinks on animal tissues: raw chicken protein, pork liver, as well as the presence of substances capable of cleaning the metal from corrosion and the development of bean seeds.

Introduction
1 Literature review
1.1. History of energy drinks.
1.2. Composition of energy drinks.
1.3. The effect of the components of energy drinks on the human body.
2 Practical part
2.1. Determination of the pH of the investigated energy drinks.
2.2. Determination of carbon dioxide.
2.3. Determination of dyes.
2.4. Definition of caffeine
2.5. Determination of glucose
2.6. Definition of taurine
2.7. Determination of vitamin C
2.8. Quantitative determination of vitamin C.
2.9. Study of the influence of energy drinks on the organism of plants and animals.
2.9.1 Seed germination of bean plants.
2.9.2 Reaction with porcine liver (muscle tissue).
2.9.3 Reaction with chicken protein.
2.9.4 Reaction with rust.
Conclusion

Introduction

Not so long ago, energy drinks appeared on the Belarusian market, which are becoming popular among young people and schoolchildren. Their promotion is facilitated by advertising in the media mass media, outdoor street advertising, as well as numerous public promotions.

This is a product for persons exposed to significant psycho-emotional and physical stress. Increases efficiency, improves concentration and reaction speed, improves vigilance, improves metabolism. Efficiency appreciated the best athletes, business people, active students and drivers on long trips.

Since these products appeared on our market not so long ago, large-scale research their impact on human health is not yet known.

Object of study - energetic drinks.

Subject of study - substances that are part of energy drinks.

Hypothesis - we are researching energy drinks and suggest that they have a negative impact on human health.

Target - to investigate the qualitative composition of energy drinks and to study the effect of energy drinks on the human body.

Tasks :

To study the literature on the origin and composition of energy drinks;
Conduct a sociological survey of school students;
Investigate the qualitative composition of energy drinks;
To analyze the effect of the components of energy drinks on the human body;
Investigate the effect of energy drinks on tissues of animal origin: raw chicken protein, pork liver, as well as on the presence of substances that can clean metal from corrosion and on the development of bean seeds.

The qualitative composition of energy drinks and its effect on the body Research work The presentation was prepared by: Khokhlova Victoria, Korovina Natalia, Vakula Timofey and Gusev Anton students of the chemical and biological group 10 a of the MBOU "Maksatikhinskaya secondary school 1": Head: Sukhareva Svetlana Aleksandrovna Chemistry teacher

Job description: Determine the effect of energy drinks on the human body. Determine the composition of drinks based on experience, and prove its negative effect on a person. Based on a sociological survey, the popularity of power engineers. Make an analysis of the results and propose practical advice on this topic.

Equipment and instruments: test tubes, flasks, spirit lamp, stand, holders for test tubes, a device for the iodometric method of determination. Reagents: indicators, iodine solution, Fehling's solution (an alkaline solution of Rochelle's salt copper alkoxide, nitric acid (concern.), iron chloride (+3), ferrous sulfate solution (+2).

Introduction Relevance: Energy drinks are gaining popularity at an unprecedented rate, especially among young people and schoolchildren. Today, energy drinks are sold in any kiosks, clubs, they can often be seen in gyms and on sports fields. Advertising positions them as a means of combating fatigue.

But is everything so good and cloudless in the use of energy drinks? Where does miraculous energy come from? Doctors again question the safety of energy drinks and assure them of the dangers of health: studies have found that energy drinks with high concentrations of caffeine increase heart rate, blood pressure and are fraught with the risk of blood clots in the arteries.

Tasks to determine the effect of energy drinks on the human body; determine the composition of drinks based on experience, and prove its negative effect on a person; popularity of power engineers based on a sociological survey; analyze the results and offer practical advice on the topic

The history of the appearance of power engineers In 1984, Herr Mateschitz founded the company Red Bull GmbH developed the recipe and marketing concept for the drink and three years later began selling Red Bull Energy Drink in Australia. In 1992, the new energy drink was first exported to Hungary. Ger Mateschitz currently sells over 1 billion cans annually in 70 countries.

Ingredients of energy drinks IngredientsBurn AdrenalineGorilla MonsterDrive Energetic. Value (Kcal) 61, Carbohydrates (g) 14,311,312,51011 Taurine (mg) 42+34.03010 Caffeine (mg) Vitamin C----8.4

The composition of energy drinks Substance Formula Effect on the body Caffeine Acts as a stimulant of mental activity. Diseases accompanied by depression of the central nervous system, functions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems spasms of cerebral vessels Contraindications: Severe arterial hypertension, organic diseases of the cardiovascular system, irritability, glaucoma, sleep disturbances, old age. Side effects: Anxiety, agitation, insomnia, tachycardia, arrhythmias, increased blood pressure, nausea.

Taurine This is an amino acid stored in muscle tissue. It is believed that it improves the functioning of the heart muscle. Recently, however, opinions have appeared among physicians that taurine does not have any effect on the human body at all. Vitamin SAcorbic acid is essential for the functioning of the nervous system and the brain. The body can feel the lack of it, but increasing the dose does not improve your performance, mental abilities or anything else, as the manufacturers of energy drinks try to convince.

Citric acid These acids form the taste of plant foods. In some cases, the amount of acids in plants reaches very high values. citric acid in lemons at 9%, malic acid in apples at 6%, etc. The main function of organic acids that make up food is associated with participation in the processes of digestion. They reduce the pH of the environment, contributing to the creation of a certain composition of microflora, are actively involved in energy exchange substances (Krebs cycle), in gastrointestinal tract, improve digestion, activate intestinal motility. The most important function of organic acids is alkalization of the body.

GUARANA A tropical plant Its berries have various health benefits. Guarana has a chemical structure similar to that of caffeine, and the seeds provide even more high effect than coffee beans. Taking guarana increases physical activity and stamina, and may also help speed up weight loss. Tannin Tannins Berries. The high content of tannin in berries such as cranberries, strawberries, blueberries and grapes endows these berries with bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties, thus neutralizing the infection and preventing it from lingering in the body.

D-RIBOSE D-ribose is a carbohydrate naturally present in the human body, which is vital for the synthesis of ATP, the main energy molecule of the cell. After intense training and stress, the level of ATP in cells decreases significantly. The additional use of ribose significantly helps to restore the concentration of ATP in the heart muscle and skeletal muscles and, accordingly, the energy reserves lost during severe physical work and intense workouts.

Glucose In the human body is the main and most versatile source of energy for metabolic processes. Carnitine In the human body is present in the tissues of striated muscles and liver. It is a factor in metabolic processes that maintain the activity of coenzyme A. It has an anabolic effect, activates fat metabolism, stimulates regeneration, and increases appetite.

Harm of energy drinks Energy drinks can be consumed in strict accordance with the dosage: the maximum dose is 1 can per day. Vitamins found in drinks cannot replace a multivitamin complex. People suffering from heart disease should not consume energy drinks. The caffeine found in energy drinks depletes the nervous system. Caffeine is addictive.

An energy drink containing a combination of glucose and caffeine is very harmful for a young organism. A large amount of vitamin B causes a rapid heartbeat and trembling in the limbs. Caffeine is a diuretic, so drinks should not be consumed after exercise. With fatigue, the use of energy drinks can cause hallucinations.

Determination of caffeine Place 5 ml of an energy drink in a porcelain cup, add 2-3 drops nitric acid con. The mixture was dried to dryness. As a result of the oxidation of caffeine, amalic acid (tetramethylalloxanthin) is orange in color. When reacted with a concentrated solution of ammonia, this substance turns into ammonium purpurate.

Determination of vitamin C in drinks by the iodometric method Pour 2 ml into a flask. energy drink, then some starch solution. Next, add iodine solution dropwise until a stable blue color appears, which does not disappear within s. The determination technique is based on the fact that the ascorbic acid molecule is easily oxidized by iodine. As soon as iodine oxidizes all ascorbic acid, the next drop will turn the solution blue.

Determination of glucose Placed in a test tube 1 ml. An energy drink and 1 drop of Fehling's reagent (an alkaline solution of Rochelle's salt copper alkoxide). In this case, the heated part of the solution turns orange-yellow due to the formation of copper (I) hydroxide, which subsequently turns into a red precipitate of copper (I).

Xantoprotein reaction to cyclic amino acids (taurine) Pour 1 ml of an energy drink into a test tube, add 2-3 drops of concentrated nitric acid and heat. In the presence of taurine, the liquid will turn lemon yellow. After cooling, 10 drops of sodium hydroxide are added. The color changes to orange.

definition of tannin. Pour 2 ml of an energy drink into a test tube and add 5 ml of ferric chloride solution (+3). In the presence of tannin, the content of the test tube will turn green-black. 2 ml of the drink and 5 ml of a freshly prepared solution of ferrous sulfate (+2) are poured into another test tube. A violet color appears. Conclusion 1. When studying various sources of information, we found that the composition of energy drinks includes ingredients that have not only harmful, but often dangerous effects on the human body. 2. All energy drinks have an acidic environment, a large amount of dyes and sugar, which, if consumed in excess, adversely affects health. Bibliography. Program e-courses. Chemistry classes. Profile training (Author-editor G. A. Shipareva M. Bustard, 2005) Chemical bases life; Textbook - method. Benefit. (Compiled by D.D. Nekrasov, L.D. Orlova. 2nd ed. Add. - Perm; ed. Pnrm. University 2008. Scientific and methodological journal - Chemistry at school. 8 Tsenrhimpress Publishing House 2011

More recently, energy drinks have appeared on the markets, which are beginning to gain popularity at an unprecedented rate, especially among young people and schoolchildren. A jar of drink at first removes sleep like a hand, without it it is no longer possible to imagine preparing for an exam or a noisy night party.

Today, energy drinks are sold in any kiosk, in bars, clubs, they can often be seen in gyms and sports fields. Advertising positions them as means of combating fatigue, helping an active lifestyle, mental activity, club dancing and sports.

But is everything so good and cloudless in the use of energy drinks? Where does miraculous energy come from?

Goals, objectives, hypothesis, object and subject of research

Purpose of the study:

Show that the use of energy drinks is not an effective means of raising vitality, prove that energy drinks have Negative influence on the physiological processes of the human body.

Tasks:

1. Studying various sources of information about the origin and composition of energy drinks.
2. Study of the effect of energy drink ingredients on tissues of plant and animal origin: raw and boiled (denatured) chicken protein, potatoes and meat.
3. Conducting a survey to study the attitude of adolescents to energy drinks.

Hypothesis:

If teenagers have scientifically based information about the effect of energy drinks on biological tissues and, as a result, on the human body, then a meaningful attitude to the process of using energy drinks will arise.

Theoretical part

From the history

Natural psychostimulants have been known to people all over the world since ancient times.

The most common of these was caffeine. Its source in India and the Middle East was coffee; in China, India and Southeast Asia - tea; in America, yerba mate and kola nuts, etc. In addition, history knows examples of the use of more powerful stimulants, such as coca bush in South America, ephedra and kata - in Asia. The inhabitants of Mongolia and Siberia used ginseng, eleutherococcus, aralia and other stimulating plants.

In 1982, the Austrian Dietrich Mateschitz, while in Hong Kong, tried a local tonic drink and brought this idea to Western countries. In 1984, he founded the first industrial production of an energy drink - the still popular "Red Bull". The product was so successful that dozens of drinks with similar properties soon appeared on the market. The giants of the "drinking" industry "Coca-Cola" and "Pepsi-Cola" also did not stand aside, releasing "Burn" and "Adrenaline Rush" respectively.

In Norway, Denmark and France, energy drinks are considered dietary supplements and are only allowed to be sold in pharmacies. In Russia, there are also restrictions associated with them: a drink cannot contain more than two tonic components, restrictions on use must be indicated on the can, and their sale in schools is prohibited, as stated in the Decree of the Chief State sanitary doctor Russian Federation “On strengthening the supervision of drinks containing tonic components”, dated 19.01. 2005

Recently, the noise around the “power engineers” has intensified due to litigation about several deaths allegedly related to their use. In Sweden, three people died at a disco after drinking a mixture of an energy drink with hard alcohol, and 18-year-old Irish basketball player Ross Cooney died right on the court after three cans of the drink.

Compound

Energy drinks (energy, energy tonics) are non-alcoholic or low-alcohol drinks, the advertising campaign of which focuses on their ability to stimulate the central nervous system of a person and / or increase efficiency, as well as the fact that they do not allow a person to fall asleep.

Drinks contain tonic substances, most often caffeine (in some cases, instead of caffeine, extracts of guarana, tea or mate containing caffeine, or caffeine under other names: mateine, theine) and other stimulants: theobromine and theophylline (cocoa alkaloids), and also often vitamins, as an easily digestible source of energy - carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose), adaptogens, etc. Recently, taurine has been added.

The main components of the "energy":

Taurine- a derivative of the amino acid cysteine (contrary to popular belief, it is not an amino acid itself). One of the main components of bile, found in small amounts in various tissues of animals and humans, mainly in muscle.

Caffeine- a common psychostimulant found in tea, coffee, mate, guarana, kola nuts and some other plants. Reduces the feeling of fatigue and drowsiness, increases mental performance, speeds up the pulse, has a slight diuretic effect. The period of stimulation is replaced by fatigue, requiring adequate rest. The caffeine content of energy drinks ranges from 150 to 320 mg/l, with a recommended upper tolerable intake of 150 mg per day.

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) - organic compound, related to glucose, is one of the main nutrients in the human diet, necessary for the normal functioning of the connective and bone tissue. Performs the biological functions of a reducing agent and coenzyme of some metabolic processes, is considered as an antioxidant.

A nicotinic acid - medicine, a vitamin involved in many oxidative reactions of living cells.

White crystalline powder, odorless, slightly acidic taste. Difficult to dissolve in cold water, better in hot, slightly soluble in ethanol, very little in ether.

Calcium pantothenate- medicine, vitamin B5, calcium salt of pantothenic acid. Pantothenic acid is chemically a dipeptide.

Pyridoxine- one of the forms of vitamin B6. It is colorless crystals, soluble in water.

B food products Vitamin B6 is found in three forms: pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, which are approximately the same in their biological activity.

Folic acid- water-soluble vitamin B9 is necessary for the growth and development of the circulatory and immune systems.

Pros and cons of energy drinks from a health point of view -and-cons of energy drinks from a health point of view">

What can unite such seemingly diverse and distant groups of people as students, drivers, sportsmen, club frequenters, etc.? All these people periodically experience colossal physical, moral-volitional and mental stress. These people, most likely, do not even realize that they are the so-called target audience of potential buyers of energy drinks, or, more simply, energy drinks.

The main idea of positioning such products is “doping” before exhausting labor, both physical and mental, and recovery after. It is no accident that energy drink companies invest millions in sports events, competitions; enter into mutually beneficial contracts with the largest sports clubs for the production of personalized club drinks; buy the "stables" of the most prestigious class of racing "Formula 1" (Red Bull F1 Team). Even the athletes themselves, who were able to achieve great success in sports, produce energy drinks under their own name - a prime example: boxer Kostya Tszyu, who recently released Tszyu cranberry energy drink according to his own recipe. Do not do without the sponsorship of manufacturers of energy drinks and a variety of music festivals.

Energy drinks are sometimes mixed with alcohol. Energy drinks are stimulating, while alcohol is depressing. The harm of such a combination lies in the ability of energy drinks to mask the influence of alcohol, in which case a person will not be able to take its influence into account. Alcohol in large doses causes natural fatigue, but the stimulating effect of energy drinks can kill it. The widespread mixing of energy drinks with vodka and other alcohol has led to the emergence of pre-made cocktails known as “alcopops”, often including taurine; or guarana extract to give the drink a specific flavor.

pros

Energy drinks are great elevate mood and stimulate mental activity.

Everyone can find an energy drink according to their needs. In accordance with their purpose, energy drinks are conventionally divided into groups: some contain more caffeine, others contain vitamins and carbohydrates. “Coffee” drinks are suitable for complete, incorrigible workaholics and students who have to work and study at night, and “vitamin-carbohydrate” drinks are for active people who prefer to spend their free time in the gym.

Energy drinks contain a complex of vitamins and glucose. Everyone knows about the benefits of vitamins. Glucose quickly penetrates into the blood, participates in oxidative processes and provides energy to the muscles, brain and other vital organs.

The effect of a cup of coffee lasts 1 - 2 hours, the effect of an energy drink - 3 - 4 hours. In addition, almost all energy drinks are carbonated, which speeds up their action - this is their third difference from coffee.

With convenient packaging, energy drinks can be carried with you and used in any situation(on the dance floor, in the car), which cannot be said about coffee or tea.

Minuses

Energy drinks can be consumed in strict accordance with the dosage. The maximum dose is 1 can of drink per day. Exceeding the dose may lead to an increase in blood pressure or blood sugar levels.

The vitamins found in energy drinks cannot replace a multivitamin.

People suffering from heart disease, hypo- or hypertension should not consume energy drinks.

The claim that an energy drink provides the body with energy is unfounded. The contents of the cherished jar only open the way to the body's internal reserves, that is, it performs the function of a key, or rather, a master key. In other words, the drink itself contains no energy but only uses our own. Thus, we use our own energy resources, in other words, we borrow energy from ourselves. However, sooner or later this debt will have to be repaid with interest in the form of fatigue, insomnia, irritability and depression.

Like any other stimulant, the caffeine found in energy drinks leads to exhaustion of the nervous system. Its action lasts an average of 3-5 hours, after which the body needs rest. Plus, caffeine is addictive.

An energy drink containing a combination of glucose and caffeine is very harmful to a young body.

Many energy drinks contain large amounts of vitamin B, which causes palpitations and tremors in the limbs.

Fitness fans should remember the outstanding diuretic properties caffeine. This means that after a workout, you can’t drink an energy drink, because in the process of training we already lose a lot of fluid.

In case of exceeding allowable dose side effects are not excluded: tachycardia, psychomotor agitation, increased nervousness, depression.

Energy drinks contain taurine and glucuronolactone. The content of taurine is several times higher than the permissible level, and the amount of glucuronolactone contained in 2 cans of the drink exceeds daily allowance almost 500 times (!). Even scientists do not know how these ingredients act on the body, and how they interact with caffeine. Therefore, experts state that the safety of using such high doses of taurine and glucuronolactone has not yet been determined, which requires further research.

There is a common opinion that energy tonics are not at all as effective as they are presented by advertising and that they do not have a special effect on the human body, there are stubborn facts that testify to the opposite.

The Swedish National Commission is investigating the deaths of three people provoked by drinking.

One of the victims, a girl dancing at a disco, drank two cans of energy tonic along with alcohol and suddenly died of cardiac arrest.

Irish basketball player Ross Cooney drank three cans of an energy drink and died a few hours later during training. The investigation into this case is ongoing.

Many drivers who used energy drinks in a state of increased fatigue, in order to continue driving, talk about hallucinations that occur after that, which indicates the psychotropic effect of these drinks.

In many countries (France, Denmark and Norway), energy drinks are considered medicines, they can only be bought at a pharmacy or their production is prohibited (Germany).

Practical part: research

Experiments were carried out, the purpose of which was to study the effect of energy drinks on tissues of plant and animal origin.

Five varieties of energy drinks were taken for the study, which are sold in shops and supermarkets of the microdistrict, “Red Bull sugafree”, “Red Bull cola”, “Bulit”, “Burn”, “Jaguar”. Water was also taken as a neutral medium to control the conduct of experiments.

(photo with the results of experiments - in the presentation)

Conclusion: The ingredients of the reviewed energy drinks have different influence on tissues of plant and animal origin. A more unfavorable picture develops under the influence of "Jaguar" and "Burn" on the fabric; on the basis of which it can be concluded that the tissues of the digestive tract in the first place, and other organ systems, will be subject to their negative effects.

An analysis of various sources of information allows us to conclude that the effect of an energy boost is short-lived, since there are violations of physiological processes due to a certain chemical composition. And all promotions around energy drinks have no confirmation, that is, they are unfounded, they present an illusory effect.

In order to study the relationship modern teenagers to power engineers, a sociological survey of students of the school was conducted:

AT sociological survey Students from 7th to 11th grade participated. A total of 143 people were interviewed. As a result, it turned out: 35% - used, 65% - did not try. More popular is (of the researched) "Burn". Active consumers are teenagers aged 15–16. But the worst thing is that 13% of the guys drink energy drinks every day.

Conclusion

Teenagers are active consumers of energy drinks without thinking about the consequences for their health.

Many people who drink "energy" think that their action is completely harmless, and continue to increase the dose of invigorating drinks. Physicians call the passion for invigorating soda a new type of addiction. Therefore, energy drinks can be called psychostimulants that cause the body to become excitable for a short period of time, but since the body receives it from the outside, it remembers it very quickly and strives to get more of it.

Practical significance of the study

The practical part of the study is that the results were brought to the attention of adolescents. It is planned to post materials on the school website. This will allow each student to form an active, conscious point of view on the trendy youth phenomenon presented in the study - the use of energy drinks.

List of sources used

1. www.wikipedia.org
2. www.jagaman.ru
3. www.gezelst.ru
4. www.ladytoday.ru
5. www.ladyshine.ru
6. www.moikompas.ru
7. “Energy on loan”; author Veronica Barabash; Newspaper “TELESEMS” January 25–31, 2010
8. T. S. Krupina. Nutritional supplements M “Sirin prema” 2006

Mulin Maxim
9A class

Leaders:

Sashchenko L. G. biology teacher
Ignatushina G. L. Chemistry teacher.

MOU "Secondary School No. 64"
Novokuznetsk