What is the difference between champignon and pale grebe characteristic. The similarity of pale grebe and champignon, how champignon differs from pale grebe

Kira Stoletova

The similarity of the pale toadstool and champignon leads to bad consequences for inattentive or novice lovers of "silent hunting". Going to the forest, you should carefully study edible mushrooms and their differences from poisonous ones.

Differences

Comparison of pale grebe and champignon - important aspect in mushroom science.

The edible mushroom is characterized by white small fruiting bodies, and the toadstool in different ages has a peculiar structure and smell. At first glance, the representatives of these species are similar to each other.

Mushroom and pale grebe are distinguished in several ways:

1. Appearance.
2. Smell, structure, change in the pulp at the break.
3. Spreading.

Pale toadstool poisoning is one of the most dangerous. Therefore, when collecting similar fruiting bodies, you need to carefully monitor all the indicated parameters, notice minimal differences. If in doubt, the mushroom is best left in the forest.

Champignon differs from pale grebe and a number of other signs:

1. It is often wormy, insects sit on it. Poisonous fruit bodies they avoid.
2. The pulp is dirty, non-uniform shade. Dangerous mushrooms are beautiful, have practically no external flaws.

Exists folk method security checks harvested mushrooms. A suspicious look is boiled together with a whole onion, only white is suitable. If it turns blue, you can't eat it. But the method does not give a 100% guarantee that this particular fruiting body is safe. You should not pick mushrooms near inedible specimens - they have spores that are dangerous for people with individual intolerance.

In the people, a decoction of milk thistle is considered an antidote. But in case of poisoning, it is better to call a doctor and not self-medicate.

Description of mushrooms

Death cap and champignon are very similar.

Description of edible mushroom:

• fruiting body from 3 to 20 cm;
• the hat is rounded, convex, dense to the touch;
• the skin is pressed through with a fingernail, usually the dent is not restored;
• body color varies from white to brownish;
• frequent plates darken with age;
• the leg is even, loose and soft inside, sometimes there are 2 rings.

The view is used in Food Industry. Antibiotics are obtained from it. There are also inedible representatives:

• reddish;
• flat cap;
• false.

They are classified as conditionally edible, consumed after a long boil. With insufficient processing, moderate poisoning occurs.

The toxic twin looks like this:

• fruiting body ovoid, covered with a film;
• hat up to 15 cm in the form of a flat dish with a slight bulge in the center;
• the leg is in the form of a cylinder, at the base there is a noticeably tuberous thickening;
• the plates are white, free.

Severe poisoning causes already 30 g of the fungus. Heat treatment does not reduce the level of danger - fungal toxins are resistant to prolonged exposure high temperatures. The first signs of poisoning appear 6-24 hours after ingestion.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

Although many people are used to "disinfecting" the body in case of an infection or other problem, in the case of pale grebe, things are completely different. In case of poisoning with this fungus, in no case should you use alcoholic beverages to “disinfect” the internal organs. Alcohol will not only not destroy toxins, but vice versa, it will help them penetrate the bloodstream even faster and spread throughout the body, which can accelerate irreversible processes.

External similarities and comparison of grebe and champignon:

1. At edible type the plates are colored (with the exception of young individuals). In a dangerous specimen, they remain white or cream throughout their lives.
2. The pale grebe at the bottom of the leg has a characteristic membranous ring - Volvo. It is necessary to cut off any species at the very base in order to reveal features that say that we have an inedible mushroom in front of us. Champignon has 1 or 2 rings under the cap, in young individuals they are fused with it.
3. The main difference is the presence of poisonous mushroom clearly expressed tuberous thickening at the base of the stem. The edible ones don't have it.

The smell and texture of the pulp

Differences between pale grebe and champignon are determined by smell and structure. The edible specimen has a mild smell. It is called almond or anise. Pulp of average density, uniform color. The kink becomes yellow or reddish in air forest species, in ordinary whites it darkens slightly.

Pale grebe has a peculiar taste and smell. Young individuals are characterized by a light sweetish aroma, old ones are cloying. Despite the sweetness, it is unpleasant. Sometimes specimens have no smell at all. Surviving victims note the pleasant taste of the pulp. The flesh on the break is white or cream.

Places of distribution

Species grow in the same places:

1. Champignon prefers moist, humus-rich soil. Different types choose forest and meadow humus, the bark of dead trees, anthills, tall grass, desert and steppe (more often in Europe). It begins to grow from the end of spring, some species bear fruit until the end of autumn.
2. Toadstool loves deciduous trees and bushes - beech, hazel, oak. Happens in mixed forests. Fruiting from late summer to late autumn.

To avoid danger, it is worth collecting ripe edible fruits that already have hallmarks.

Death cap. Beginner mushroom picker

How not to confuse champignon with pale grebe.

Death cap. What does it look like.

Conclusion

The similarity of dangerous and safe specimens can lead to poisoning. But in appearance and the structure is fundamental differences. They also pay attention to the world- edible fruits near factories and roads are unsafe.

1. Carefully read the memo in the textbook (p. 27). On your own or with the help of a textbook, fill in the gaps in the text.

So that there is no trouble near the water

1. Swim only under supervision adults
2. Don't swim in unfamiliar place . There may be dangerous undercurrents.
3. Do not swim in very cold water. The cold can make the leg cramp.
4. It is better not to swim alone, but with friends to be in front of each other.
5. You can only swim in pure reservoirs. Swimming in polluted water is dangerous to health.
6. Do not swim in the sea for buoys .
7. Don't swim in storm .

Remember these rules and always follow them!

2. "That's how they swam!" - Parrot exclaimed when he saw these guys on the shore

Think and write which of the guys dived and who did not. Who can't swim?

Petya dived, Yulia can't swim

3. Wise Turtle asks if you know poisonous berries and mushrooms. Cut out the drawings from the Appendix and arrange them in the appropriate frames. Test yourself with the textbook. After checking, paste the drawings.

4. Using text and drawing from the book " Green Pages”(story“ Insidious doubles ”), write down how the pale grebe and champignon are similar and how they differ.

Comparison of pale grebe and champignon

Similarity: Young mushrooms of pale toadstool are very similar in appearance to champignons. The legs of these mushrooms are also very similar.
Differences: The color of the plates: in champignons - from pink in young to brown in old ones, in pale grebe - always white.

5. Write at least three names for each item (pp. 19-20). To select examples, use the atlas-determinant "From Earth to Sky".

a) forest plants with edible fruits:
wild rose, chokeberry, irga, blackberry, blueberry, viburnum, blueberry, cranberry.
b) Forest plants with inedible fruits:
euonymus, privet, elderberry, buckthorn, wolf's bast, snowberry
c) Edible mushrooms:
porcini mushroom, chanterelle, flywheel, butterdish, dubovik, honey agaric, russula.
d) Inedible mushrooms:
fly agaric, toadstool, gall fungus, false honey agaric, waxy talker

6. Review the safety rules learned in the lesson at home. Ask an adult to check on you.

Think and draw conventional signs to some rules of the memo “So that there is no trouble near the water” (of your choice)

In class, compare your signs with those suggested by other children. Choose the most successful ones.

7. If you are interested, prepare a message about bees, wasps and bumblebees using the identification atlas “From Earth to Sky”, as well as additional literature, the Internet. Here you can write a message plan or some important information about these insects.

The honey bee is a domesticated insect. Bees live in hives big families. They collect nectar from flowers and then process it into honey, which we eat with pleasure.

Bees are smaller than wasps and bumblebees. They have a slightly furry back, and the color of the abdomen is painted with soft black and yellow stripes. The flight of the bee is smooth and calm, like the bees themselves. They sting only as a last resort, because during the bite the bee breaks the sting and soon dies.

The forest wasp lives in families in nests suspended on tree branches, under the roofs of houses and other buildings. It is distinguished by a very thin "aspen" waist - the interception between the chest and abdomen, as well as color - yellow spots on the black back and very contrasting stripes on the abdomen.

The wasps fly with jerky, jerky movements. And they are able to hover in one place like helicopters. Unlike bees, wasps eat not only nectar, but also vegetables, fruits, insects, and can even drag a small piece of meat into their nest.

A wasp sting is always very painful for a person and can cause allergies. They sting at any opportunity: with sudden movements of a person, an unpleasant smell for wasps, from fear, etc. Moreover, they can do this many times, since the wasp sting does not break like that of bees and the wasp remains alive and healthy after the bite.

Hairy bumblebees are easy to distinguish from most bees and wasps. it is much larger than both bees and wasps. Their paws are thick, and the breast and abdomen are hairy. They fly like heavy bombers—heavy, slow, and with a loud, low hum.

With the first rays of the sun, bumblebees fly out to collect nectar and circle over the flowers with calm dignity. They are much more peaceful than wasps, but if you anger a bumblebee, then it can sting, and even more painfully than a wasp.

In summer and autumn, when there are a lot of mushrooms in the forests, you want to collect as many forest gifts as possible. However, experienced mushroom pickers warn: carefully inspect the gifts of the forest so as not to accidentally take a poisonous one. Pale grebe is especially dangerous and insidious, it is often confused with russula or champignons. So that a quiet hunt does not end in poisoning, carefully study and remember the features of each mushroom. Let's make a detailed comparison.

What is the similarity

Outwardly, the mushrooms are very similar, so it is easy to confuse them even for an experienced mushroom picker.

• Pale grebe and champignon have a cap with a diameter of 5 to 15 cm. young age it is round, becoming more and more flat as it grows. Color can be from white to light brown.
• The leg is cylindrical, white or the color of the cap, has a white “ring” (the remains of the protective shell of the young mushroom). Leg length 7-16 cm.
• The pulp is white, fleshy.

Experienced mushroom pickers advise: if there is even the slightest doubt, do not take a suspicious mushroom.

What are the differences

If you look closely, you can notice the characteristic features that distinguish an edible mushroom from its dangerous counterpart.

1. The cap of the pale toadstool is white, but it can be olive or green, which cannot be said about champignons.
2. pay attention to reverse side hats: in toadstool it remains white at any age, and in champignon it is pinkish or with a purple tint (very dark in old age).
3. Break the mushroom: the pulp of the poisonous one does not change color in the air, while that of the champignon becomes reddish or yellowish.
4. Twins differ in smell: champignon has a characteristic mushroom aroma, pale grebe does not smell of anything (or a very slight unpleasant smell).
5. The toadstool leg is thin, at the base it has an extension in the form of a tuber and, as it were, “stands in a pouch” - a cup-shaped vagina (Volva), and in the second one it is thick and fleshy, without the presence of Volvo residues at the base.
6. The ring of the pale grebe outside is often slightly striped, white, slightly colored inside. But champignon is characterized by a one- or two-layer ring
7. The white membranous ring on the leg of the pale grebe decreases and disappears with age. In champignon, it remains quite large, it can cover almost the entire back side of the cap.
8. A poisonous mushroom is never wormy.

Danger of the pale toadstool

The similarity of a pale toadstool with champignon is dangerous because the first is a deadly poisonous mushroom from the genus of fly agaric. Even the kids know about it. school lessons nature or the environment. However, poisoning occurs quite often.

It is found in deciduous and mixed forests from mid-July to late autumn. It grows most often under birches, oaks, beeches and hazel. Likes fertile soils. She was noticed even in the city and in summer cottages.

Pale grebe is a very moisture-loving fungus, which is most “productive” in years characterized by sufficient humidity or in places with high humidity. In relatively arid places, pale grebe is rare.

Grebe grows in families or singly. Wide distribution increases the likelihood of accidental collection.

It is so poisonous that it poisons edible mushrooms lying with it in the same basket. Therefore, even one single copy that was identified and thrown out at home can be dangerous. To protect yourself and loved ones, do not spare the collected forest gifts: found a pale grebe - throw out the entire contents of the basket.

Some use a folk method for determining inedibility: during cooking, a peeled onion is placed in a saucepan with mushrooms. If it turns blue, it indicates the presence of poison. However, this method is very unreliable and has no scientific justification.

Poisonous is not only the body, but also spores and mycelium. Next to it you can not pick berries, herbs and other mushrooms. Even if the clearing is rich in forest gifts, when you see a grebe, bypass it.

The poison causes severe poisoning even in small quantities: a lethal dose is contained in 30 g of the fungus. No processing (cooking, frying, freezing, drying) destroys the poison.

The biggest danger is that the signs of poisoning do not appear immediately, but after 6-8 hours or more - after 30 hours, when it is no longer possible to save the victim. Sometimes for several days a person does not notice anxiety symptoms, however, at this time, the poison is actively spreading throughout internal organs and destroys them.

When eating pale grebe, death occurs in more than 90% of cases.

Action of the poison

The fruiting body of the fungus contains 2 groups of toxins:

• amanitins (α-, ꞵ-and γ-amatoxins) - slow, but more poisonous;
• phalloidins (phallotoxins) are less poisonous, but act faster.

They mainly affect the liver, but also the kidneys and heart.

• The toxic compounds of the pale grebe are polypeptides.
• Interestingly, α- and ꞵ-amanitins are also present in the pulp of the white toadstool (stinky fly agaric). The same toxins are characteristic of 2 more species of the genus Amanita from North America, as well as for some fungi of the genus Galerina.
• Amanita smelly ( white toadstool) - a kind of substitute for pale grebe in those places where it is not. Probably because it is more resistant to lack of moisture.

The period of poisoning can be conditionally divided into 4 stages.

1. incubation period. Lasts from 8 to 30 hours after eating the mushroom. There are no signs of poisoning, the person feels fine. At this time, the poison enters the bloodstream, spreads through the body of the victim and already begins its destructive effect.
2. period of acute gastroenteritis. Against the background of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, indomitable vomiting appears (sometimes with an admixture of blood or mucus), cramping pains in the abdomen, and diarrhea. The patient is thirsty headache, weakness. Dehydration of the body may occur, tk. a person loses a lot of fluid with vomit and loose stools. Continues 1-2 days.
3. The period of "false well-being" when the symptoms disappear, the patient feels better. It seems that he managed to endure an acute intestinal infection. However, the poison in the body continues its destructive effect. This stage lasts from 1 to 3 days, then the signs of intoxication return with renewed vigor.
4. Acute hepatic and kidney failure (severe damage to the liver and kidneys) - the last stage of poisoning. The person experiences severe pain in the right side. Jaundice develops: the skin, whites of the eyes, visible mucous membranes acquire a yellow tint. Toxins destroy the liver and kidneys, and kidney failure occurs. The patient's blood pressure decreases, the pulse becomes superficial. Often there are problems with the heart. By the way. This period is often called the period of damage to parenchymal organs, i.e. those based on parenchyma tissue.

Clinicians classify toadstool poisoning into mild, moderate, and severe (according to severity).

Death occurs 10-12 days after poisoning. However, if you seek qualified medical help in time, the patient can be saved.

After eating any mushrooms, carefully monitor your well-being. Remember that the venom of the pale toadstool may not manifest itself for several days.

At the first sign of poisoning, call immediately ambulance. Treatment at home is unacceptable and often leads to death. Timely treatment to the hospital significantly increases the chances of staying alive.

Not only beginners, but also experienced mushroom pickers can confuse champignon and pale grebe. These doubles look almost the same, so it is very important to be able to distinguish one from the other.

In order not to become a victim of a pale toadstool, you should not buy mushrooms in spontaneous markets. Very often, not completely fruiting bodies are sold here, but only hats. According to them, it is extremely difficult to distinguish an edible mushroom from a poisonous one.

How not to confuse champignon with pale grebe.

How to distinguish champignon mushroom from pale toadstool.

Comparison of pale grebe and green russula (Amanita phalloides vs Russula aeruginea)

Differences edible mushrooms from poisonous ones can also be found on the pages of mushroom picker guides. Carefully inspect each copy before picking it up and putting it in the basket: the price of a mistake is too high. Take care of your health!

Champignon is considered one of the most common mushrooms. Buying it in the vegetable departments of supermarkets, you can not worry about the quality of the product. But, if it should appear on the dining table not from the store shelf, but from the forest, then it is very important to know how champignon differs from pale grebe.

Ядовитые грибы can cause irreparable harm to health, up to fatality. The same goes for the pale grebe. She is the most dangerous and poisonous species among all known species. A person who has eaten false champignon does not immediately understand about the poisoning. The first signs of intoxication appear after 5-7 (and sometimes 36) hours. But during the absence of symptoms, the poison is already active, and sometimes it is too late to take action, since the effects of toxins are already irreversible. This is what makes this mushroom so dangerous.

A poisonous mushroom can cause irreparable harm to health, even death.

Similarities and differences

Inedible look-alike mushrooms are found in almost all edible species. A detailed comparison of the pale grebe and champignon will help to detect significant differences and similarities.

• The similarity can be seen in size - the stem is from 7 to 16 cm in length, and the hat can reach 15 cm in diameter.
• Both representatives have a ring-shaped formation on the trunk. At the beginning of life, poisonous mushrooms have a ring, which gradually disappears as they age. An edible mushroom has a ring that almost completely covers the underside of the cap.

Differences

• One difference is the size of the base. At inedible mushroom the trunk is thin and not very fleshy, while the useful one is much thicker and denser.
• Twins differ from each other in the shade of hats. In a toadstool, the cap both above and below has the same white color, while in champignon under the hat pink shade. The toadstool can change the whitish shade of the hat to greenish, but this is not necessary. Her leg is light, the flesh is dense.
• Pale grebe has dense and light flesh.
• Differences can be found not only in appearance - twin mushrooms have a different smell. The pale toadstool does not smell at all, while its edible relative has a characteristic mushroom aroma, slightly reminiscent of almond
• Inedible mushrooms are not spoiled by worms, unlike edible ones. Poisonous representatives always have clean pulp.

The difference between a young grebe and a young forest champignon

Pale grebe and champignon are very similar twins

When collecting, you can easily make a mistake, and the basket will not contain champignon at all, but a pale grebe is very similar in appearance to it. Most the right way to protect yourself - do not pick mushrooms, in which there is even the slightest doubt.

You can understand how safe the crop harvested in the forest is with the help of one folk way. It is boiled in separate containers, after throwing an onion into the water. If poisonous representatives are caught in some pan, then the onion will turn blue, while in dishes with normal ones it will not change color. This method is not always valid.

It is very important to remember that the pale grebe is dangerous not only if it is eaten, it also scatters toxic spores around it. Therefore, if you have already found one such poisonous mushroom, then you should not collect any forest gifts near it - the risk of poisoning is too high.

Differences and similarities

Mushroom lookalikes are normal, almost every species has them, but some are easy to identify, and many have to be tinkered with.

Similarities:

• Both types of mushrooms are similar in size. The average size of the cap is about fifteen centimeters, and the leg is from seven to sixteen centimeters.
• On the trunk of each type of mushroom there are characteristic rings. In poisonous individuals, such a ring fades over time, while in edible individuals it remains complete and covers the lower part of the cap almost entirely.

Differences:

Any poisonous mushrooms are unsuitable for consumption due to their chemical composition- they cause intoxication of the body, accompanied by unpleasant symptoms and posing a danger to human health and life.

Mushroom twins often grow next to edible representatives of their world, so it is necessary to know not only the differences, but also the likely consequences of collecting harmful mushrooms in order to responsibly treat the selection process.

Pale grebe is one of the most common, and therefore the most dangerous species poisonous mushrooms. When this fungus enters the body, intoxication does not occur immediately - several hours must pass for this, therefore it is often not possible to save the patient.

If the amount of the substance is small, there is a chance to relieve the symptoms of poisoning and rinse the stomach, but it is better to avoid such experiments and determine in advance whether the fungus is poisonous.

Action of the poison

Pale grebe is a rather insidious mushroom. The problem is not only that it is difficult to immediately recognize the poisoning.

Intoxication occurs in several stages, which can mislead the patient and doctors:

1. A few hours after poisoning, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting begin.
2. Next comes a false recovery - the patient feels better, but this does not mean that the effect of the poison has ceased.
3. After a period of waiting, sharp pains in the stomach, a noticeable change in skin color, and loss of consciousness occur.
4. Within ten days after eating a poisonous mushroom, death occurs.

Note! The poison contained in the pale grebe is not destroyed by thermal exposure, and remains even after boiling and frying the mushrooms at high temperatures.

Poisonous are not only the main parts of the fungus, but also spores. To poison the body, it is enough to consume thirty grams of mushrooms.

Similarities between pale grebe and champignon

Pale grebe and champignon are extremely similar at a young age: the caps of both mushrooms are whitish and covered with a veil, the legs are dense. When the mushrooms mature, the caps of both can change colors, the legs remain white color, they will have a ring under the hat.

If we compare the pale toadstool and champignon, the similarity is obvious. But this is only for an inexperienced mushroom picker. Connoisseurs mushroom hunting point to persistent differences between pale grebe and champignon:

• plates of poisonous mushroom white color, and in champignon at first they are pinkish, and with age they darken and turn brown;
• the pulp of the poisonous toadstool is white, while in champignon it darkens when cut;
• the old toadstool emits a sweet smell, and the champignon has a pleasant mushroom aroma with an almond note.

But the main difference between pale grebe and champignon is the presence of a pouch at the base of the leg. The fact is that the champignon is endowed with a partial veil attached to the leg under the hat, and the young pale grebe is completely covered by a common veil, called Volvo.

With the growth of the fungus, the Volvo bursts and its upper part remains on the stem, forming a ring, and the lower part forms a sac that goes into the ground. What is the difference between a pouch and a thickened leg? Because he never grows up with her. The leg is inserted into the bag, as if into a bowl. But when cutting off a young poisonous mushroom, immediately under the hat, this difference will no longer exist - only similarities will remain.

Signs and symptoms of poisoning

Pale toadstool poisoning is dangerous because the first symptoms appear after a rather long period - from 6 to 16, and in some cases up to 36 hours after poisoning, when the poison already affects human organs.

The first signs of poisoning:

• general weakness;
• vomit;
• diarrhea (possibly with blood);
• intestinal colic;
• muscle pain;
• lowering blood pressure;
• decrease in heart rate;
• loss of consciousness.

The manifestation of symptoms of poisoning is not the same: at first there may be only weakness, and then other signs: vomiting, diarrhea, a decrease in pressure to the point of loss of consciousness.

Poisoning with poisons of the pale toadstool is also characterized by a temporary (false) improvement in the condition, approximately on the third day, during which the poison continues to destroy the internal organs.

After a temporary improvement, a new stage begins - renal-hepatic, heart failure. Death can occur within 5-10 days.

Similarity to other mushrooms

Many people know what a pale grebe looks like. But not everyone takes into account the fact that the pale grebe mushroom often disguises itself as edible representatives of the mushroom kingdom. The color of her hat varies from off-white to grey-green. The remains of the Volvo on the stem, forming a ring, can dry out and become invisible. A Volvo bag can be sprinkled with leaves or pine needles. Therefore, the pale grebe can be confused not only with champignons, but also with green and greenish russula, with greenfinches and floats.

Coming out on " quiet hunting”, it is important to remember the differences between these mushrooms and a poisonous representative:

• russula and greenfinches have neither a ring nor a Volvo;
• Russula has brittle pulp;
• greenfinches have plates with a green tint;
• floats are smaller and without a ring.

The pale grebe is also called the green fly agaric. it beautiful mushroom, which has no resemblance to grebes in popular opinion. It looks quite appetizing, which misleads mushroom pickers.

Pale toadstool toxins

The venom of the pale toadstool contains toxins that differ in the degree of impact on the human body. Some (amanitotoxins) act slowly but are more toxic, others (phallotoxins) are less toxic but act faster. Because of this, the first signs of intoxication manifest themselves differently.

A poisonous mushroom does not lose its toxic properties when heat treatment and includes so many toxins that 1.5 g of mushrooms is enough for the strongest poisoning.

It is also dangerous that edible mushrooms from environment collect harmful substances in themselves and can become poisonous, adjacent to pale grebes growing nearby. After poisoning in the cells of the body, all processes slow down, there is a rapid transformation of tissues.

Due to dehydration, potassium, magnesium, calcium and chlorides are lost. The composition of the blood changes and its coagulability decreases. All vital organs of a person are affected, including nervous system. A person can become uncontrollable. Therefore, in case of mushroom poisoning, it is vital to immediately consult a doctor. . The recovery period for survivors lasts about 45 days.

The mushroom world is very diverse. And the insidious twins of edible mushrooms are constantly changing, and more and more similar to them. If you are a novice mushroom picker, think about whether you need to risk your life for a little gastronomic joy.

Video

To avoid poisoning, it is important to learn how to distinguish the pale grebe from other mushrooms. This video will help you understand this issue in more detail.

Pale grebe is one of the most dangerous poisonous mushrooms. In case of poisoning with a pale toadstool, intestinal upset will not do - in most cases death occurs. Therefore, the mushroom picker has no right to make a mistake.

Most often, pale toadstool is confused with green russula. Young mushrooms of pale grebe are very similar to champignons.

However, it is quite easy to distinguish a pale grebe from edible mushrooms.

1. The leg of pale grebes is very characteristic: it has a tuberous thickening at the base and a well-defined volva - a membranous wrapper in the lower part of the leg. It is formed after the rupture of the cover that protects the young mushroom. In the upper part of the leg there is a membranous ring - the remnant of the same coverlet.

On this basis, a pale grebe is easy to distinguish from a russula: it does not have a tuber on a leg (although there may be a slight thickening) and Volvo.

2. The plates on the lower part of the cap of the pale grebe are always white.

On this basis, the pale grebe differs from the champignon: its plates are pink, and become brown with age. But do not forget that when determining the color of the plates, especially in young mushrooms, inexperience, lighting, subjectivity in determining the shade, mushroom excitement, and so on can play a cruel joke on you.

To eliminate unnecessary risk, do not collect small, separately growing champignons. The age of such mushrooms does not allow us to accurately determine the signs by which champignons differ from pale grebe.

Opinion of experienced mushroom pickers:

1. The genus Amanita (Amanita) is mystical, and not always in good sense. In particular, if we talk about pale grebe. In fact, strictly speaking, similar species does not exist. Amanita phalloides- the mushroom is very peculiar, it is difficult to confuse.
And yet loud poisonings follow one after another. In the Voronezh region, they say, mushrooms have already been banned by law, and they still poison themselves. I think that's the point here. Pale grebe is a very beautiful mushroom. Hardly the most beautiful. This is a real work of art. It is a masterpiece. No lopsided warty grebe. Solid aesthetics. Young radical green specimens are especially beautiful: a geometrically adjusted hemispherical hat, dark green with ingrown dark veins, correct thickness a leg with soft greenish patterns, a neat white ring ... Instinct squeaks: "Eat me!". And they do eat...

2. And my advice, no offense: if you ask: "How to distinguish a mushroom from a toadstool?" - it is better not to collect champignons and mushrooms similar to them at all. Be that as it may, there are many other mushrooms worthy of your attention in the forest that do not have such a dangerous double !!!