A single lesson on the topic "reserves of the Crimea" a class hour on ecology on the topic. Crimea reserved Presentation on the theme of the Crimean reserve

state reserve, the largest nature reserve Crimea was founded in 1991. Area ha. It is under the jurisdiction of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation.

The reserve includes 5 forestries and the Razdolnensky ornithological branch "Lebyazhy Islands", as well as the Karkinitsky ornithological reserve of wetlands of national importance with a water area of ​​​​ha.

The main goal is to preserve the biological and landscape diversity of Opuk and its coastal zone. The area has a great environmental and historical value for studying natural processes and phenomena in them, developing scientific foundations nature conservation. The region is rich in flora and fauna.

Natural reserve in the Crimea. Area ha. It is under the jurisdiction of the State Committee for Forestry and hunting economy Republic of Crimea. The territory of the reserve is permanently withdrawn from economic exploitation, its use is allowed only with scientific purposes or to ensure the preservation, enhancement of the wealth of the reserve. The territory of the reserve is part of the specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Crimea.

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Reserves of Crimea

The presentation was prepared by the teacher primary school MBOU "Rodnikovskaya school-gymnasium" Mashakova A.Sh.

• Reserve- a piece of territory in which all of its territory is preserved in a natural state natural complex. Hunting and any human economic activity is prohibited here. Reserves are usually closed to tourists. it strictly guarded territory!
• In the Crimea 7 .

CRIMEAN NATURAL RESERVE

It was organized in 1928. More than 200 species of vertebrates live (half of those found in the Crimea). Red deer, Crimean roe deer, mouflon, black vulture, griffon vulture and other rare animals live in the forests.

More than 1200 species of plants grow on the territory (almost half of the entire flora of Crimea). Oak, beech and hornbeam forests are of particular value.

One of the largest in the Crimea. Created in 1973

Any economic activity is prohibited on the territory of the reserve, except for scientific and research developments.

In the mountainous part of the reserve there is Mount Ai-Petri, the famous Devil's Staircase, the Three-Eyed (Ice) Cave, and the Wuchang-Su waterfall.

Devil's Ladder Pass

Three-Eyed Cave

mountain slopes

• Forests occupy 75% of the entire territory. On the slopes - pine forests(57%), beech and hornbeam.

Cape Martyan

It is located to the east of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, the area is 240 hectares. Created in 1973 and designed to preserve the area of ​​Mediterranean nature in the Crimea. A relic Mediterranean forest is protected here, in which more than 500 plant species grow.

Of particular value are the communities of the rarest relic - the red strawberry tree, listed in the International Red Book.

"Red Books"

pistachio

Juniper high

Swan Islands- branch of the Crimean natural reserve.

Here is one of the largest Eastern Europe clusters waterfowl: more than 230 species, 18 of them are listed in the Red Book.

Every year up to 5,000 people arrive here from the south. swans.

Colony of gulls

It has more than 30 thousand individuals. During the summer, seagulls destroy almost 2 million birds. ground squirrels and up to 8 million mice.

Karadag Reserve

The youngest on the peninsula (1979), located in the southeast of Crimea.

Flora includes about 1050 plant species.

Only here lives Poyarkova's hawthorn

Tulip Koktebel

Yaskolka (Crimean edelweiss)

Area 450 ha. It is located on the northwestern coast of the Kerch Peninsula (Leninsky district, Shelkino).

Founded in 1998 Represents virgin areas of the feather grass steppe.

Among the plants growing here are white violet, tulips, 5 species of feather grass, Galiev's cornflower, fine-leaved peony, etc.

225 species of plants are listed in the Red Book.

35 species of animals are included in the Red Book (yellow-bellied, snakes, steppe viper, steppe harrier, kestrel, ferret, ground squirrel, etc.)

Ferret steppe

• The Opuk Nature Reserve was established in 1998 in the south of the Kerch Peninsula for the conservation and reproduction of steppe natural complexes of the Crimean plains and aquatic complexes of the Black Sea.
• Area of ​​the Opuk Reserve is 1592.3 hectares, of which 62 hectares are the waters of the Black Sea with the islands of Rock-Ships, towering in the sea 4 km from the coast.

In addition to the reserves in the Crimea formed:

32 state reserves,

73 protected monuments of nature,

25 protected botanical gardens and monument parks,

11 reserved areas.

natural resources needed save and multiply !

Slide #1

The purpose of the lesson: explore the protected natural areas of Crimea; get acquainted with the types of specially protected natural areas, their function; study the development of the reserve fund in the Crimea.

Subject results. To teach to highlight the essential features of specially protected areas of Crimea; show the role of PAs (Specially Protected Areas) for conservation biodiversity biosphere; to form the ability to compare the PAs of the Crimea, to draw conclusions and conclusions based on comparison.

Personal results: formation ecological culture based on the recognition of the value of life in all its manifestations and the need for a responsible, careful attitude to environment;

Metasubject results: ability to work with different sources biological information: find biological information in various sources (textbook text, popular science and reference literature), analyze and evaluate information; the ability to classify - to determine the belonging of biological objects to a certain systematic group; the ability to compare biological objects and processes, to be able to draw conclusions and conclusions based on comparison.

Basic concepts and terms: protected areas, world heritage sites, nature reserves, sanctuaries, National parks, natural monuments, arboretums, botanical gardens.

Equipment and materials : computer, screen, lesson presentation, printouts didactic material for students.

Lesson type: discovering new knowledge, acquiring new skills and abilities.

Teaching methods : explanatory-illustrative, problem-search, brainstorming, work in groups.

During the classes

Organization of the class (3 minutes)

Poems about the responsibility of man for the preservation of nature against the background of music

Good afternoon guys, today we have an unusual lesson, a lesson that makes you think, change your view of nature. I would like to start the lesson with a wonderful poem by the poet Alexander Smirnov.

Slides №2,3

There is just a temple, there is a temple of science,

(slides №4,5)
And there is also a temple of nature, with forests stretching their arms towards the sun and winds.

(Slide 6.7)

It is holy at any time of the year, open to us in the heat and cold. Come in here, be a sensitive heart,

(Slide number 8)
Don't desecrate his shrines.

Slide #9

Teacher questions:

To whom is the poet addressing?

What is the purpose of writing this poem?

Updating the basic knowledge of students (4 minutes)

Slides №9,10

What unites the organisms shown on the slide? (endemic)

Slides №11,12

What unites the organisms shown on the slide? (relics)

Slides №13,14

What unites the organisms on the slide? (rare and endangered species of Crimea)

Problem situation (2 minutes)

Slide #15

Facts about the daily extinction of species (graph)

Slides №16,17

Biodiversity and its role in the conservation of the biosphere

What to do in similar situation?

Searching for a way out problem situation brainstorming (2 minutes)

Assumption : protect biodiversity at all levels: global, state, regional, local.

The key word is guard!

Mini-lecture (15 minutes)

Slide #18

Specially protected natural areas - territories within which they are protected from traditional economic use and maintained in their natural state to maintain ecological balance, as well as for scientific, educational, cultural and aesthetic purposes.

Slide #19

Currently in the world total protected natural areas exceeded 2600 with a total area of ​​over 4 million km2, which is 3% of the land area.

Slide #20

Reserves - areas of natural areas within which (permanently or temporarily) certain types and forms economic activity person.

Reserves - specially protected territories (and water areas) completely excluded from any economic activity for the sake of preserving rare and endangered species.

Reserve-hunting economy - a piece of territory set aside for intensive reproduction of game and intended for strictly regulated hunting.

national park - usually a vast piece of territory allocated for the conservation of nature for recreational and aesthetic purposes, as well as in the interests of science, culture and education.

natural monument - individual natural objects(waterfalls, caves, geysers, unique gorges, centuries-old trees, etc.) that have scientific, historical, cultural and aesthetic significance.

Slide #21

world heritage monument - in 1972, in the face of a growing threat to the natural and cultural heritage of mankind, UNESCO adopted the World Heritage Convention, establishing a Fund, the funds of which are used to protect monuments of world culture, unique natural areas or objects, as a rule, of national importance. Currently, 337 natural and cultural sites are included in the International World Heritage List.

Slide #22

Analyze the table. Select the top three.Determine in which country the conservation business is most developed, and which country practically does not deal with issues of nature protection.

Slide #23

1. The top three are:

1st place - New Zealand, 2nd place - Austria, 3rd place - Russia and Costa Rica

2. The maximum reserve business is developed in New Zealand (16% of the country - OO)

3. Practically does not deal with environmental issues Nicaragua (0.12% of the country - OO)

Slide #24

Reserves of Crimea

Slides #25 -32

Crimean state reserve

Slides #33-35

Cape Martyan

Slides #36 -39

Karadag

Slides #40-44

Opuksky

Slides #45-47

Kazantip

Consolidation of the studied (17 minutes)

Slide #48

Working with a table. The teacher explains the conditions for working in groups. He asks to find task number 1 on the tables. The students complete the task. Self-test.

Slide #49

The teacher explains the conditions of task number 2, asks to find it on the tables. semantic reading, detection of errors in texts. Mutual verification.

Correspondence of terms and their interpretations (task No. 3).

The teacher passes between the tables and checks the correct execution.

scoring groups.

Slide #50

Reflection (2 minutes)

Did you learn something new today?

What seemed the most interesting?

What do you think is the most important thing from what you learned?

What conclusion did you come to?

Slide #51

Take care of the Crimean nature for future generations! Goodbye!

Class hour in 7th grade

"Reserved places of Crimea"

Target: get to know the reserves Crimean peninsula- the beauty of nature, which must be protected in order to preserve the unique natural heritage for future generations.

Tasks:

• fostering love for the nature of their country, a sense of patriotism;
• fostering a culture of behavior in reserves and sanctuaries;
• expanding the range of environmental knowledge.

Lesson progress

1. Teacher's word:

K.G. Paustovsky (1892-1968) wrote:

“There are corners of our earth so beautiful that every visit to them causes a feeling of happiness, vitality, tunes our whole being to an unusually simple and fruitful lyrical sound. This is the Crimea... Everyone who has visited the Crimea takes with him... regret and slight sadness, which memories of childhood evoke, and the hope to see this midday land again.

The great Chilean poet Pablo Neruda called Crimea an order on the chest of planet Earth. Not only him, but many others creative people I was fascinated by the beauty of this region, which the gods created for themselves, but then presented to people.

Crimea - amazing place which was admired by all who visited here. He did not leave indifferent many writers, poets and artists who visited here. The delightful nature of Crimea, its turbulent history, multinational culture inspired many generations of creative people.

Today we will talk about the wealth that is inexhaustible on this fertile land, but at the same time, which requires careful attitude, preservation - we will talk about protected areas Crimea.

Let's turn to explanatory dictionary and see what a reserve is?
- The dictionary of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov saysThe reserve is a protected area where rare and valuable plants, animals.

Several students in our class found, studied and prepared material for the topic of our class hour in advance.

2. Performances of children.

Crimean reserve.

Crimean reserve is the largest on the Crimean peninsula.

It is among the highest mountain peaks, including such peaks as Chatyr-Dag, Demir-Kapu, Kemal-Egerek and the highest point of Crimea - Mount Roman-kosh.

Through reserve passes the Nikitsky pass - the highest pass in the Crimea.

The vegetation of the reserve is very rich and diverse, with more than 1200 species. Oak, beech and pine forests occupy the main area of ​​the reserve.

The fauna is represented by more than 200 species of vertebrates. Many of them are included in various environmental books and red lists. But the king of the reserve is a noble Crimean deer.

About 70 species of birds nest in the reserve. In more remote places, rare birds such as griffon vulture and black vulture nest.

There are 300 springs on the territory of the reserve. The most famous is Savlukh-su, whose water is rich in trace elements, especially silver, which allows the water to be usable for a very long time.

The territory abounds with cultural and historical monuments, there are about 80 of them. There are valuable archaeological excavations here.

Magnificent trout ponds are located not far from mountain river Alma.

Crimean reserve engages not only in environmental protection and research activities. It is open for sightseeing and educational tourism.

Yalta reserve.

Yalta reserve located on the southern slopeCrimean mountains and stretched from Foros to Gurzuf for more than 40 km.

The climate in the lower part is predominantly Mediterranean, but becomes more moderate with increasing altitude. Due to this, the plant world is very diverse. Coniferous, oak and beech forests occupy large areas, but special attention is paid to the Crimean pine. In the reserve you can also find juniper and pistachio trees.

More than 35 species of mammals and about 150 species of birds, more than 20 species of reptiles and amphibians live here. The most common are red deer, roe deer, mouflon, Crimean fox, Crimean weasel, hare.

Reserve open to visitors all year round, except for very hot weather summer months when the risk of fire increases. Special routes for tourists have been developed here, which pass through interesting natural objects: Ai-Petri teeth, Uchan-Su waterfall, Alimushka, Shishko, Stavri-Kaya rocks.

Climbing up to the Ai-Petri plateau, you can see a magnificent view of the Crimean coast. You can also climb here by cable car, the lower landing platform of which is located in Miskhor.cave Three-eyes, where one hall is open for visiting.

You can ride a horse through the pine-oak forest above Gurzuf; a special tourist route for horseback riding is organized here.

Yalta reserve – this is another pearl of such a rich and unique Crimea.

Reserve Cape Martyan.

Reserve Cape Martyan is located in the south of Crimea, east of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

This is the smallestreserve Crimea. It is located on the cape of the same name.

The flora of the reserve includes more than 530 species of plants, 38 of which are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. The main task environmental protection measures– to preserve a unique corner of the Mediterranean nature (plants such as high juniper and small-fruited strawberry are of particular value).

The adjacent water area of ​​the Black Sea is also under protection. This is the only place where shipping and all types of underwater hunting and fishing are prohibited, due to which the number of underwater inhabitants has noticeably increased.

Black Sea dolphins often come here - common dolphin, bottlenose dolphin, azovka.

The fauna of the reserve is very rich: 150 species of birds, 18 species of mammals, 70 species of fish, 700 species of insects.

There is an ecological trail in the reserve, along which excursions are conducted.

In the summer season, you can swim on the beach of the reserve.

The tour desk offers excursions toreserve Cape Martyan with a simultaneous visit to the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden - the most popular excursion site in Crimea.

Karadag reserve.

Karadag reserve familiar to many travel lovers as the most beautiful corner of the Crimea.

The main attraction is the only extinct volcano in Europe, Karadag, which has preserved not only traces of weathering, but also traces of the eruption itself, which took place about 150 million years ago.

Since 1914, there have been scientific work, and in 1979, on the basis of the scientific station, the Karadagreserve , which occupies the territory between the villages of Kurortnoe, Shchebetovka and Koktebel.

The fauna and flora of the reserve is very rich, with more than 2,500 plants and 5,300 animal species. Wild boar, fox, roe deer, squirrel, hedgehog, hare, stone marten live here.

The water area is inhabited by typical Black Sea inhabitants. Off the coast of the reserve you can meet the Black Sea dolphins azovka, bottlenose dolphin, and white-barreled dolphin.

The coast was chosen by crested cormorants, which form numerous colonies here.

A visit to the reserve is organized along special ecological trails, accompanied by scientific staff.

The rock-island of the Golden Gate is calling card reserve.

Bizarre rocks from ancient times excited the imagination, as evidenced by the names, translated from Tatar meaning Devil's Mouth and Devil's Finger. Unique landscapes have always attracted travelers and creative people here.

3. Word to the teacher

Crimea is a wonderful corner of generous nature, an open-air museum. Complicated and whimsical are the paths of his history, When you try to trace them from today- it begins to seem as if someone almighty was amused by this small peninsula, like a precious toy: “But I will do something else with it ... And what will happen?” ....

Time changes, peoples change, but love for the Crimea remains unchanged ... Love for this amazing corner of the Earth.

4. Statements (along the chain) of class hour participants:

Crimea is a planet in miniature.
Crimea is a fragment of the ancient Oikumene at the very doors of Russia.
Crimea is halfway from the pole to the equator.
Crimea is a combination of all the healing forces of Nature and a reserve of her wonders,
Crimea is the land where all year round, something blooms every day.
Crimea is the arena of the game of all elements - sea, air and underground.
Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations.

Crimean reserve.

Nikitsky pass. memorial sign

Noble Crimean deer

Griffon Vulture Black Vulture

Spring Savluh-Su

Yalta reserve.

Teeth of Ai-Petri

Wuchang-su waterfall.

Three-Eyed Cave.

Reserve Cape Martyan.

Juniper High.

Dolphins of the Black Sea Belobochka bottlenose dolphin Azovka

Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Karadag reserve.

Volcano Karadag.

Rock-island Golden Gate.

Rock Devil's finger.

Crimea. Crimea is a planet in miniature. Crimea is a fragment of the ancient Oikumene at the very doors of Russia. Crimea is halfway from the pole to the equator. Crimea is a combination of all the healing forces of Nature and a reserve of its wonders, Crimea is a land where something blooms all year round, every day. Crimea is the arena of the game of all elements - sea, air and underground. Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations. Crimea is a hospitable home, always ready to receive guests.