At the end, conclusions are drawn. How to write it

We set a goal and outlined tasks, designed a title page and a list of references. It would seem that you can relax and enjoy life. But no, in any work the results must be summed up and conclusions drawn. So hands to feet - and write a conclusion. And we will help you.

The conclusion is an indispensable part in the structure of the work. How to write a conclusion in an abstract? Many students want to know the answer to this question. After all, GOST and teaching aids do not provide rules for the design and content of the conclusion. And by the way, the conclusion is the most main part abstract, because it summarizes and structures the entire material.

The conclusion is the conclusions that are based on the tasks and objectives of the study.

The result (conclusion) of the abstract is the conclusions correlated with the goal and objectives with a personal assessment and their own conclusions. main feature conclusion is as follows: the conclusions are formulated in their own words, and not quoted by phrases from parts of the work. The results in the conclusion should be substantiated and supported by facts from each section of the abstract.

How to write a conclusion? Strict and scientific. The conclusion is stated scientific style: without personal pronouns and "water" words - only facts and own conclusions.

The conclusion should:

disclose the purpose and objectives of the study;
provide statistics and analytics;
articulate clearly and unambiguously.

The conclusion should contain only conclusions on the work. No tables, graphs and links to third-party sources.

If a student "became attached" to the subject of the work, then when summing up, there is a personal attitude to the problem or prospects for further research.

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Please note that the conclusion should correspond to the tasks of the work that are set in the introduction. A bad conclusion is a summary of the sources on the topic, a good one is the author's thoughts about the topic's problems.

Phrase templates for the conclusion to the abstract

To avoid tautologies in the conclusion and to formulate conclusions clearly and clearly, we recommend using speech patterns and clichés:

based on the analysis of the studied literature...;
but summing up the above... ;
thus, it can be argued... ;
the work done allows ... ;
in conclusion, it should be noted ... ;
summarizing the above... ;
based on analysis... ;
research has shown... ;
the material presented in the work allows us to conclude ...;
on the basis of the work carried out, it can be assumed ...;
determined that... ;
research authors come to... ;
we researched (received) ...;
we succeeded...

If logic is not your forte, then do not suffer in vain, trying to sum up the abstract. Let the professionals do it. You only need to contact

Diploma defense is the most important stage of education in any university, which will require high dedication.

During the student's speech, the members of the commission do not have time to read the entire work. The subject of their close attention are two sections - introduction and conclusion. It is in the conclusion that the whole concept of the study is briefly presented and significant results are collected. The preparation of this part of the project must be taken very responsibly.

What should be in the conclusions of the chapters thesis:

Conclusions on the 1st (theoretical) chapter are formulated on the basis of a study of various thematic sources. Studying the materials, you can notice their inconsistency. Therefore, the primary task of the student is to reflect his vision of the subject. It is necessary to emphasize the relevance of the topic, its significance in scientific world and express your own opinion.
Conclusions to Chapter 2 (analytical) usually have the character of advisory developments. Since the calculations are often very voluminous, it is recommended to sum up a little for each paragraph considered.
The conclusion on the 3rd (practical) chapter should emphasize the novelty of the conducted research. It should be indicated that the proposed measures can be applied in practice in relation to the object of study. All voiced proposals must be supported by the actual material and the data received.

How to write conclusions for a chapter in a thesis?

Most students believe that they can write in their own words, giving each question a few sentences. However, this approach is erroneous. Conclusions should be concise, but, at the same time, relate directly to the results of the study. We offer you the following instructions:

Your work will consist of approximately two or three chapters, and each of them should have at least two paragraphs. To make it easier to draw a conclusion at the end of the chapter, write intermediate paragraphs for each paragraph.
The volume is 0.5-1 page. It should be formulated very clearly and clearly, reflect the main aspects of the study and the results obtained.
The best way to write conclusions is to summarize them in key points. The number of points themselves can be from three to ten.
The reader should get an idea of the directions of your work and its specific results.

What if you can't draw your own conclusions? - Please contact our Training Center! Our competent specialists will prepare for you quality work on any topic and in the shortest possible time! Always happy to help you!

Examples of conclusions for chapters in the thesis:

1 chapter (theoretical)

Based on the considered theoretical material on profit and profitability management construction organization the following was established.

The key category that underlies economic development, is the profit. Integrity economic system, which unites all subsystems into one whole, is held due to its focus on making a profit. And it is thanks to this landmark that the market system does not fall apart, as happened with the Soviet economy, where profit was an artificial category without real market content. Profit arises only in non-equilibrium conditions, in other words, it is the potential for non-equilibrium, and this, in turn, stimulates entrepreneurial activity.

Chapter 2 (economic)

Based on the assessment of profit and profitability management construction company the following conclusions can be drawn.
Analysis results economic activity LLC "" for 2011 - 2013 indicate the expansion of the scale of the enterprise, which is expressed by an increase in the volume construction work for 19123 million rubles. or 7.52% in relative terms.
As can be seen from the analysis of profit dynamics in Table 2.11, the gross profit of the enterprise in 2013 increased by 12294 million rubles, which was caused by a higher growth rate of sales proceeds than production costs.

Chapter 3 (suggestions)

Based on the analysis of the activities of OOO "" in the second chapter of the work, it was found that the company needs measures to increase profits and profitability. Taking this into account, measures were developed to improve the efficiency of using the available resources of the LLC. Based on the implementation of the proposed measures, the profit of the enterprise will be n-157023 million rubles, profitability will increase by 11.99%, which is a positive trend in the work of the enterprise, since those cash that remain at the disposal of the company after the payment of dividends, according to the proposed measures is 55%. These funds can be used to upgrade fixed assets and replenish the working capital of the enterprise.

Thus, according to the proposed measures to improve the capital structure through optimization, it has an economic effect of 280.21% and its application is appropriate.

In an abstract? If earlier such works were written only by students, then after the modernization of the domestic education system, schoolchildren were given a similar duty.

Feature of abstracts

Before talking about how to write a conclusion to an abstract, the template of which is given below, we note that an abstract is one of the forms of summarizing information on a specific problem.

Competently compiling a report on the work done is the key to obtaining a high score.

Instruction

When discussing how to write a conclusion in an abstract, let's talk about the structure. Among constituent parts, which must be in such work, we single out:

introduction;
main part;
conclusion.

There are certain design requirements title page. It provides full information about the author, title of work, volume educational institution on which the abstract is based.

Continuing the conversation about how to write a conclusion in an abstract, we highlight that after the title page, the content is supposed to be in the work. It is desirable to divide the main part into separate chapters, each of which also has its own subtitle.

Bibliography

First, it is important to list all literary sources, only after that you can draw up the conclusion of the abstract. We will present a sample below, first we will identify the requirements for textbooks.

They are listed in alphabetical order, with the obligatory indication of the authors, publisher, year of issue, number of pages.

Conclusion specifics

Let's find out how to write This part of the work can be considered as a summary of the author's theoretical and practical work.

How to write a conclusion in an abstract? An example of the end of the work is shown below. It indicates that this part should not exceed two pages of text.

Despite the minimum amount of text, in this section it is necessary to indicate the results that were obtained by the author in the course of his creative activity.

How to cope with this complex and responsible task? How to write a conclusion in an abstract? These questions are of interest to both schoolchildren and students of Russian educational institutions.

The final part should be filled with meaning, carry information about the main content of the work. You need to look at the main part, highlight the main idea from it. You can not limit yourself to copying sentences from work, it is important to rework them, arm yourself with synonyms.

With the correct interpretation of the idea that was taken for the abstract itself, in conclusion, a meaningful text with the results of the activity is obtained. There should be a relationship between the goals set in the first part of the work and the summed up results.

Let's continue the conversation about how to write a conclusion in an abstract. The examples offered to students and schoolchildren to get acquainted with the structure of such works indicate that certain semantic phrases and expressions should be present in the conclusion:

managed to come to a conclusion;
we have received;
we have analyzed.

We talked about how to write a conclusion in an abstract. We will present a sample of the finished work using the example of a chemical study. But first, let's give some useful tips, which will help to create a high-quality work that deserves the high appraisal of experts. So, how to write a conclusion in an abstract? The cliche of activity suggests a certain algorithm, which should be discussed in more detail:

Don't be lazy. Abstract work should be the result of a long-term independent activity of a schoolchild (student).
The conclusion is an important part of the work or work, therefore, the perception of the entire work directly depends on the literacy of its writing.
It is necessary to formulate the material presented in the main part in such a way that the conclusion contains only the main idea of the abstract.

You do not need to describe all the chapters and sections, you need to make brief conclusions from them that complement each other.

If there is no logical connection between the main and final parts, the abstract is considered incomplete, the teacher will return it for revision.

Try to arrange the last part of the work in such a way that it does not contradict the materials that were found during the study.

It is undesirable to stretch this part over several pages, this will create a negative attitude towards the thoughts presented.

First Example: Physics

To understand how you can complete the abstract work, several concrete examples. AT school curriculum in physics, abstract activity is given special attention. When considering the topic "Aggregate states of matter", schoolchildren are invited to self-study one of the natural phenomena.

If the purpose of the study is to explain precipitation, then the main part of the abstract deals with the transition from liquid state of aggregation into a solid.

What will the conclusion look like in such a work? It is proposed to complete such an essay as follows: "Based on the literary material, we managed to find out that snow falls as a result of the transition of water into hard look when the temperature drops."

Example for a Literature Abstract

Among those academic disciplines that are difficult to imagine without abstract activity, we note the humanitarian disciplines: history, social science, literature. If the theme of the activity was the study of the attitude of contemporaries to poetic heritage M. Yu. Lermontov, the final part of the abstract should contain the personal position of the author of the abstract.

For example: "After analyzing various literary sources, we managed to find out that the relevance of the poems written by M. Yu. Lermontov has not been lost. The patriotic theme of his poetry makes us overestimate people's attitude to their historical roots, the spiritual heritage of their ancestors."

An example of a conclusion in a chemistry paper

Although chemistry is more experimental academic discipline, in this scientific field, schoolchildren also often carry out serious abstract activities. Suppose that in the process of studying the topic “Finding metals in nature”, the teacher invites the children to prepare abstract papers on various minerals. If the child has set a goal - to study natural deposits aluminum compounds, in the final part of the work he should present the results:

"Analysis of literary sources showed that aluminum is found in nature in the form of ores. Their main component is aluminum oxide. Considering that such minerals are widespread in nature, we were able to confirm their importance for the modern chemical and engineering industries."

Essays on physical education lessons

In the domestic educational system, abstract activity is carried out even in the classroom. physical education. For example, the guys are offered an analysis of the history of the development of skiing. How can you complete finished work to make it attractive? When writing a conclusion, it is important to use cliches, that is, those phrases that will help formulate the main idea of the study:

"Literature analysis showed that skiing in our country has always been given increased attention. We managed to find out that the first stage in the formation of future athletes was the organization of children's and youth sports schools."

Conclusion

An abstract can be thought of as a publication that highlights a specific topic. That is why it is so important to choose the right phrases and expressions for its final part.

Thanks to the reform of the Russian educational system at all levels of education, new state standards. They involve a serious design and research activities not only in high school, but also in elementary school.

The child receives theoretical skills in drawing up an abstract (project) algorithm, learns to plan the goal of his research, and set tasks for himself. The main difference between abstract work and research is the qualitative literature review on the chosen issue.

It is on how accurately the goal of the essay is formulated that the choice of a sequence of actions, the possibility of writing a high-quality conclusion depends.

It should be understood that there must be a relationship between the main part of the abstract and its logical end.

At the same time, it is advisable to be careful with enumerations so that the total volume of the final part of the abstract does not exceed one page. Otherwise, the work will lose interest for experts, it will not be given a high rating.

A persuasive essay, literary analysis, or scientific article must contain a carefully thought-out introduction and conclusion. A well-written conclusion provides the reader with a brief summary and the gist of the reasons why this topic important for research. If you are preparing a report or presentation, they also need to have a good ending. In general, many similar principles can be applied to achieve the goal, but in any case, the conclusions must be developed very carefully.

Steps

How to write a conclusion to an essay or report

Start with a connecting sentence. If you are writing a conclusion to an essay or report for a school or college, it is important to understand what function it performs. Your conclusion should not be a simple repetition of the main points of your report, torn off from the rest of the text. There should be a smooth transition to this part so that readers are ready to listen to your conclusions by the time you get to them.

Avoid the phrase “in closing”. If you are summarizing an essay or scientific article, you should try to avoid using phrases like “to conclude” or “to summarize” when you want to start presenting your findings. These phrases are too hackneyed and prosaic to proceed to a discussion of the results. You must demonstrate that you are starting the final part without abruptly breaking the presentation of the material.

Consider the option of re-mentioning the original problem. One way to jump to a conclusion is to address the subject matter of the essay, or something you highlighted in the introduction. If you have a phrase or quote that is especially relevant, remember it again in the conclusion. This will help show that your essay is logically complete. Reiterating a key question or idea from the introduction will serve you well for this purpose.

For example, the essay asks: “To what extent did the Battle of Monte Cassino change the course of World War II”?
Here you can start with this sentence: “The Battle of Monte Cassino turned out to be a turning point, which displayed a change in the dynamics of the 2nd World War, but in itself did not change the course of the war yet.”

Go beyond simple debriefing. Although the final part Right place for summary the key points of your report, you should try to say a little more than that. It is important to show that your essay is consistent and to tie all the arguments together. The conclusion is the section where this can be demonstrated. Instead of just going through all important points, try to summarize your report in a way that shows how the different areas of your research relate to each other.

Talk about some broader meaning. In an essay or article, conclusions can perform a number of functions. A well-written conclusion can help emphasize importance your research, its exceptional relevance, and the uniqueness of the data you collect or the results you obtain. But in the final part, it is also possible to go beyond the essay and suggest that your research may have a wider meaning and application than the work presented to the public.

The final part of the presentation or report

We make it clear that we are moving to conclusions. Although there are many similarities between essay writing and presentation techniques, there are also some important differences. Because the presentation is oral rather than read, it may not always be clear that you have reached a conclusion. For this reason, it will be appropriate to emphasize that you begin the final part.

Return to the original question. Once you have drawn the audience's attention to your conclusion, you should show that your presentation has come full circle and returned to the original question or problem that you outlined in the introduction. This way your report will be coherent and comprehensive. To do this, you can use a simple trick: in the final part of the essay, try to return to the specific question that you are asking yourself, or to the key phrase or quote that you formulated earlier in the presentation.

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CONCLUSION ()- WITHDRAWAL (in mathematical logic) V. is usually called reasoning, in the course of which a series of sentences connected with each other, as well as the very sequence of these sentences, is sequentially obtained. Some of these proposals are not ... ... Philosophical Encyclopedia

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