Games for the development of syllabic analysis. Didactic games for the formation of the skill of language analysis and synthesis
Games for the development of syllabic analysis and synthesis
speech therapist - defectologist
Kirsanova Natalya Stanislavovna
The audience: 1st grade students with speech disorders (FFN, ONR)
Purpose of the game: development phonemic processes(analysis, synthesis, representations)
No. 1. Sea battle game
Target: to teach children to navigate on a plane, to improve the ability to reproduce the syllable as an integral unit of reading, to develop syllabic analysis and synthesis of words, to form an active and passive vocabulary of students.
Game description: children are offered a playing field on which cells are depicted, with syllables written in them. The speech therapist names a place on the field, and the children look for it and write down the syllable written in the cage. If the ships are named in a certain sequence, then words can be made from syllables. To do this, the named syllables are written out, and then synthesized to make words.
No. 2. The game "Gifts from Dunno"
Target: development of the skill of syllabic analysis and synthesis of words in students primary school, improving reading skills and the psychological base of speech, expanding vocabulary.
Description: Dunno went to visit us with various goodies - goodies, but on the way he met a "slogoed" and bit off one syllable in words. Determine which syllable is missing in the word, name it, and then name the whole word and count the number of syllables in the word.
AT recent times there has been a significant increase in the number of children speech disorders. Unfortunately, not always children with speech disorders are engaged in speech group kindergarten or at speech therapy center(on different reasons). At school, these children find it much more difficult than their peers, whose speech development proceeded without pathology. Of course, at speech therapy examination at the beginning school year, a number of problems are identified that can later lead to errors in writing and reading. One of the most diverse and numerous group of errors is errors at the syllable level. Many first-graders have difficulty pronouncing words with a complex syllabic structure, while making various mistakes. To avoid a number of difficulties that may arise in the process of teaching writing and reading, I always include exercises, tasks and games to develop syllabic analysis and word synthesis in preventive work with first grade students. These games are quite simple, do not require special training (every speech therapist has visual material used for this) and are effective. They allow you to achieve attention to the sounding word, its sound-syllabic composition, form speech skills, develop thought processes.
The speech therapist offers pictures or cards with words. You need to put words (pictures) in the train cars, depending on the number of syllables:
hide and seek
The speech therapist shows the children pictures (names words), then removes the typesetting canvas with pictures, offers to remember and name words with a certain number of syllables
Flower
The speech therapist suggests making words from the syllables that are printed on the petals of the flower.
A beautiful flower bloomed in the garden
He had a red and blue petal,
On each of them was written a syllable,
So that everyone can make a word.
FOR-, IOK-, RO-, TA-, VA-. (castle, vase, rose, cotton wool, etc.)
Kaleidoscope of words
The game is played in the form of a competition between teams or children. The speech therapist shows pictures on a sheet with a different number of syllables. (from 1 to 4), after that the teams take turns throwing a die, where the dots (from 1 to 4) indicate the number of syllables, the children name words with that many syllables. Each correctly named word is marked with a chip. The team with the most chips wins.
Find a syllable
The speech therapist invites children to find the lost syllable. For children who do not have reading skills, words are spoken out.
Example:
Ma…na, ig…ka, those..visor, ka…dash, feast…yes, in…ta.
Lost a syllable somewhere.
The word has changed - waiting.
Maybe the guys will find a syllable
Who will save us the word?
Snowflakes
Children are invited to make a word from "snowflakes".
Snowflakes are falling from the sky
Slowly, they fly.
You catch a snowflake in your hands
Make up a word for the guys.
Ro-za, ig-ra, zi-ma, ig-la, la-pa, etc.
enchanted words
“Enchanted” words are written on the board or on cards, you need to “disenchant” the word by reading it correctly (without an extra syllable). Preschoolers can show pictures by pronouncing the words.
Sapohar, vasurene, baliranki, pie, crackers, etc.
Find the word
The speech therapist offers to consider the plot picture and name words with a certain number of syllables.
It's time to harvest
Don't yawn, kids
Name the word correctly
And choose pictures!
Each participant in the game must choose a picture with a certain number of syllables (1, 2, 3). Pictures can be offered on the topic of vegetables, etc.
Ex: onions, garlic, carrots, potatoes, beets, radishes, tomatoes, cabbage, eggplant, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber.
Themed Marathon
The speech therapist invites children to name words with a certain number of syllables on a given topic:
“dishes”, “clothes”, “toys”, “transport”, “home”, etc. If you have difficulties, you can put pictures on the topic. Example: "Toys": 1 syllable-gnome, ball; 2 syllables - doll, house; 3 syllables - wheelchair, car; 4 syllables - pyramid, bicycle.
Sweet Nothing
You need to change the word so that each has 2 syllables.
Example: house-house, gnome-gnome.
Garden, leaf, bush, poppy, rain, bridge, etc.
The speech therapist exposes pictures (cards with words) with a different number of syllables. Students take turns rolling the die, saying a number, and choosing a word that has the same number of syllables.
Find a couple
Each student says his or her name clearly. Then they disperse. On a signal, each player must stand next to the one whose name has the same number of syllables.
Pyramid
A number of pictures are placed on the typesetting canvas. Children are invited to build a pyramid, where in the first row there will be words consisting of one syllable, in the second - from two syllables, in the third - from three, in the fourth - from four.
Words: cotton wool, house, bullfinches, Pinocchio, cat, fly, car.
Children line up, they are invited to remember or come up with words with a different number of syllables. At step 1, you need to name a word consisting of one syllable, at the second - from two, etc.
finish the word
The speech therapist asks to finish the word he started. You can divide the children into 2 teams and play the game in the form of a competition.
ra - ma
- chum salmon
- bot
- arc
- dost, etc.
Help the word
Think of the beginning of a word. The speech therapist says the end of the word. Child
adds the first syllable and names the word:
revo,
... - lyana,
...-ha,
... - zhama,
...- daughter,
...- ka,
midor,
... - lina,
catch the ball
The speech therapist tosses the ball with the children, calling the first part of the child's name, and the child finishes. Kolya; Pe-;Le-; Ka-.
Guess the name
The speech therapist tells the children that a name is conceived, which consists of 2 or 3, 4 syllables. Children must guess what name is intended.
Children are invited to say their name in parts:
Find a toy
The speech therapist puts up cards - word schemes (1,2,3 syllables). Children are invited in a group to choose toys whose name contains such a number of syllables.
Guess
On the type-setting canvas, pictures are displayed - riddles. The speech therapist offers a riddle and shows the scheme of the word - riddles. The child must choose a guess from the proposed pictures, put it next to the diagram and name the syllables.
Puzzles:
It curls out of the pipe, but is not given in the hands.
/ smoke/
When they wash my face, tears appear.
/soap/
We always walk together, alike, like brothers.
We are at dinner - under the table, and at night - under the bed.
/boots/
small, remote
Passed through the earth
I found the red cap.
/mushroom/
think of a name
The speech therapist offers pictures of children. You need to come up with names consisting of a certain number of syllables (2, 3). Word schemes are replaced on the board.
The material is aimed at speech therapists, teachers, teachers and parents. The article touches upon the problem of the predominant type of dysgraphia among schoolchildren and mentions the relevance of work on syllabic synthesis and analysis. The publication presents examples of exercises and tasks for the prevention and correction of omissions in writing and errors syllabic structure words.
The development of language synthesis at the level of syllables. Types of exercises on syllabic synthesis in the correction and prevention of dysgraphia in schoolchildren.
By the end preschool age the analytical-synthetic function of the child's speech, verbal-logical thinking is actively developing, figurative-schematic representations are being formed. AT primary school mental operations are already being improved: synthesis, analysis, comparison, classification.
Development language synthesis as well as analysis is relevant in the concept of modern speech therapy lesson at school. One of the predominant types of dysgraphia is dysgraphia on the basis of a violation of language analysis and synthesis. The distortion of the structure of the sentence and the word is manifested in the writing of many children accepted into speech classes.
A characteristic mistake is the omission of vowels, which, when whispered or internally pronounced, are perceived as shades of consonant sounds.
Syllabic synthesis: stages of work.
At the first stage of work, it is advisable to do syllabic analysis. In syllabic analysis, emphasis is placed on vowels ( they are the foundation syllable). The division into syllables contributes to the isolation of vowels.
As a preliminary work, it can be proposed to connect a motor (kinesthetic) component.
The speech therapist offers with his palm, holding the lower jaw, to feel and count the number of mouth openings in vowels (because their pronunciation is accompanied by a large lowering of the jaw).
The next way is to clap or tap the word syllable by syllable (you can accompany the pronunciation of each syllable by touching your knees).
In these ways, students determine the number of syllables; can match and raise the corresponding figure.
Language representations at the syllable level are worked out in exercises where it is proposed to arrange pictures in two or three rows depending on the number of syllables in their name; invent and name objects and concepts consisting of a given number of syllables.
The development of syllabic synthesis at the level of words contributes to visual-spatial coordination, switching the distribution of attention, and the tempo-rhythmic organization of speech.
Syllabic synthesis: exercises, task games.
1. "Halves".
Find parts of words, connect syllables and write:
2. "Sea battle".
According to the given cipher, compose words, read and write the sentence.
B1 C2 A2 B2 A3 C3 B2 C1 A1
3. "Abracadabra".
Rearrange the syllables in each word to make sentences. Write it down.
rishPli nyesil zyrozy. chkiPti leteuli into yotlyep raki. Reviade Lirapote is almost all tvulist.
4. "Collect the word."
Make up words from syllables written in different order.
ta, in, ro - ...
you, be, ge - ...
ve, ka, shal - ...
lol, ho-…
tu, ar, tro - ...
sha, ta, we are ...
mo, gra, ta - ...
bi, army, for - ...
pi, kra, wa - ...
chik, boron, for - ...
before, about, in, water - ...
linen, gift, ka - ...
5. Find a syllable, insert the missing syllables.
Sa__gi
co __ co
up to __ha
mana
6. "Put the words."
Make one word out of two picture material: ox, wasps, gender, scheme of the preposition POD, ears, feed, poppy): feed + ears; poppy + ears; ox + wasps; sex + wasps; under + ears
7. "Examples".
Solve a syllable example, read the resulting words, make up and write down a sentence with them.
Propo-pro+it-oh
Juice-to + night-but + nya + no
Brushes-ki + choirs + art-ry + re + canopy + e-se
8. "Syllabic zigzag."
Read the sentence by the arrows.
9. Add according to the given syllables.
Add the 1st syllables:
road car
rich shovel stoke
leaf goods stepdaughter
Peck spend the night come out
Think the shoe will come out
Add 2 syllables:
food candle
wet grief
blanket garden luck
caught up got depth
patterns pricked blank
Add 3 syllables:
cocks floors gray hair
waist bad weather parades
lingonberry locust treated
2 syllable 1 syllable 3 syllable
Thunderstorm shawl hint
2 syllable 3 syllable 3 syllable
scare birch gave
Games for the development of sound-syllabic analysis and synthesis of words.
1. "Name it in order!" name in given word all sounds in order.
2. "How are words similar?" Poppy, cancer, so, juice, onion - at the end of the words sound K; sleigh, catfish, bough - at the beginning of words sound C; goats, roses, carts - in the middle of the words sound Z.
3. "Listen and count!"
Pronounce words of one, two or three syllables, children count them.
4. "Name and divide!". Children call the picture by syllables and determine their number:
a) when naming a word, place a hand under the chin;
b) with folded palms of the hands for each syllable make movements from side to side;
c) bend the fingers on the hand;
d) put a stick on each syllable.
5. "Tap it right." The child knocks or claps his hands as many times as there are syllables in the named word.
6. "Listen carefully." The child selects a picture whose name has as many syllables as the driver tapped.
7. "Whoever comes up with the end, he will be done!". The first syllable is given, the children finish the word differently: RA - frame, joy, work ...
8. "Find and finish." Five pictures are offered, the first syllable of one of the words is called, and the child finishes. For example, FOR-boron, SA-ni, LU-on.
9. "Add a start." An adult pronounces the last syllable of the name of one of the proposed pictures, and the children name the beginning of the word or the whole word: SY - clock, BA - fish, BUT - window.
10. "Make it your own!":
a) children name any words with a given number of syllables;
b) the guys call the objects surrounding them in the group at home.
11. "Let's add sounds!"
What happens if you add K to the beginning of the word MOUTH? (mole)
How do the words ROT - KROT differ in meaning? (mouth - body part, mole - animal).
How do words differ in sound composition? (in the word KROT - 4 sounds, in the word MOT - 3).
12. "The sound is lost!". An adult names the pictures, deliberately skipping the sound when consonants converge: zot - umbrella, tig - tiger, bat - brother .... The child adds the missing sound.
13. "Most long word". Among 5-6 pictures, you need to find the one whose name contains the largest number sounds.
14. "The word crumbled." Three sounds are pronounced, for example, K, S, O. You need to make a word (SOK) from them.
15. "What will happen?"
What happens if in the word "juice" C is replaced by B ?; then - on T ...; if the sound O is replaced by A? ...
16. "What shall we replace?"
What needs to be changed to get the word SUK instead of the word JUICE?
Words for this task:
Senya - Sonya - Tolya - Kolya - Fields - will;
needle - game - caviar; kara - fara - farce - leopard; brush - bone - guest;
onion - beetle - bough - juice - cat - that - sweat - floor - count - ox; cabin - viburnum - raspberry - Marina;
cat - midge - mouse - bear - bowl - mask - brand;
himself - catfish - litter - bough - court - garden - glad - clan - cat - whale.
17. "We change in one place."
The sound is replaced only in one of the given positions:
tank - bull - beech - side, bow - tuk - bough - beetle - beech
mountain - bark - time - hole, goal - count - floor - pier - dol
house - tom - catfish - com - scrap, day - shadow - stump - laziness
18. "Find the mistake!"
The bug did not finish the booth: reluctance, tired. (bun)
The snow is melting, the stream is flowing, the branches are full of doctors. (rooks)
There are no roads in the swamp; (bumps)
They say that one fisherman in the river caught a shoe,
But then he got hooked on the house. (som)
Having dropped the doll from her hands, Masha rushes to her mother:
"There creeps green onion with long mustaches! (beetle)
The goalkeeper has a big catch - five oxen flew into the net. (goals)
Uncle rode without a vest, he paid a fine for it! (ticket)
The poet finished the line, at the end he put a barrel (dot)
Mom with barrels went along the road along the village. (daughters)
A young tooth grew in a clearing in the spring! (oak)
In front of the kids, painters paint the rat! (roof)
Look, guys, crayfish have grown in the garden! (poppies)
19. "Find the word in the word." Prick - stake, screens - cranes - wounds, pipes - fishing rods - daughters - glasses, oak - oak, drama - frame, shelter - ditch, nettle - willow, maple - flax, fly - ear, plow - meadow).
20. "Take away the syllable." Beans - salt, reeds - mouse, T-shirt - May, seagull - tea, often - hour, rainbow - arc, skating rink - current, exit - move, call - call, look - cabbage soup).
21. "Add sound!" Lion - barn, meadow - plow, laziness - deer, fur - laughter, wasp - scythe, ear - dry, cheers - Shura, table - pillar, steam - park, floor - regiment, foam - pencil case).
22. "Add a syllable!" Arc - rainbow, under-nose, pie-horn, re-bag, fire, gri-barrels, dragon-goat, ka-tok, ho-bot, sand-juice, fox-points, ka-tea, tea- ka, mu-litter, machine.
23. "Magic chain". The final sound of the first word becomes the beginning of the second: cat - shoes - needle - orange ...
24. "Start with a syllable!" The last syllable becomes the first in the next word: pump - nipple - porridge - balls - fish - grandmother ...
25. "Rearrange the syllables." Pine - a pump, a wild boar - a bank, reeds - a mouse ...
26. "Ladder". A sound is given, words are invented with it, each of which is one sound more than the previous one: M - MA - poppy - Masha - brand - car.
27. "Confusion". We compose a word from disparate syllables: BASH, RU, KA - a shirt.
28. "What do you know about sound?" Ability to characterize initial sound in the word. For example, at the beginning of the word COM, the sound C is a consonant, hard, deaf.
Games and game exercises to develop the skills of sound-letter and syllabic analysis and synthesis
Speech at the Moscow Region by Primary School Teachers
The formation of the skills of sound-letter and syllabic analysis and synthesis is the first step in teaching literacy, which every student has to step over. For children with normal speech development this stage presents no particular difficulty. For first graders with speech defects- this is a difficult test, which they sometimes cannot do without special corrective help. Learning activities junior schoolchildren is most productive when carried out in the form of a game with alternation various kinds work and competition.
A sufficient level of formation of sound-letter and syllabic analysis and synthesis is the prevention of writing and reading disorders, which can be manifested by substitutions, permutations, omissions of letters and syllables.
In speech therapy classes, I use various multifunctional gaming methods and techniques that not only contribute to the formation of sound-syllabic analysis and synthesis skills, but also develop students' cognitive activity (attention, memory, mental operations, self-control skills, hand-eye coordination), as well as stimulating cognitive interest and increase the speech activity of children. Didactic games and game exercises combine a common lexical topic classes (complex game method), I use it with the system, which is necessary to consolidate the acquired skills in children with speech problems.
It should be noted that the game techniques presented by me, visual didactic material can be successfully used by primary school teachers in reading and writing lessons as a means of forming sound-letter and syllabic analysis and synthesis.
I. Games and game exercises that contribute to the formation of skills
Sound-letter analysis and synthesis, reading syllabic and whole words.
1. Purpose of the game "Words - nesting dolls" -
expansion of the visual field
perception, development of attention,
the formation of reading skills,
activating and enriching the vocabulary.
and find other words that
"hide" in them. Simple option -
with picture hints, more
difficult without them. Next stage -
find words in a solid set of letters,
Can be offered to students
determine if words are
nesting dolls related in each
case and why. For example, meth spruce,
snow ir, fio summer out.
2. Inserting letters into words – known species tasks, allowing you to solve a range of
correctional and developmental tasks:
ü Develop reading skills
ü development sound analysis
ü the formation of the concept of meaning-
the distinctive role of the letter (st about l - st at l -
inserting different letters, we get different
I offer tasks for inserting letters
children, grouping words by topic,
which, on the one hand, is
a hint, and on the other hand it contributes
the use of words in active speech
generalizations. Didactic material
put in files for multiple
use. Inserting letters through
marker file helps
child to avoid fear
error: it can be made at any time
fix and replay the game.
Options for this type of task can be as follows:
¨ Insert different vowels so that the words do not repeat: L__PA, L__PA, L__PA.
¨ Insert different consonants so that the words do not repeat: __ ODA, __ ODA, __ ODA.
¨ Add a letter to get a new word: cat (r) - mole, table (in) - trunk.
¨ Replace the underlined letter to get a new word: With t (lift), to orona (crow), goro d (peas), etc.
¨ Find in the sentence words that differ in one letter: “Vanya did not hide that he opened the letter”, “Wasps do not like dew”. Underline this letter.
Rug d_ozd _venit _meeting _construction
d_ug dr_zd zenith sun_recha construction
dr_g dr_d link_t vst_echa construction
other
¨ Find an error in the word (the place where the letter is skipped is not indicated): tomato, red, pgoda. Record without error. In case of difficulty, either the missing letter is called, or the word is pronounced.
¨ Restore the word by adding one or more vowels: lst, grz, grd, brbn.
¨ Find errors (omissions of letters) in a phrase, sentence, text. In case of difficulty, it is necessary to indicate the number of errors or limit the field of perception by indicating the sentence (line) with the error. Finding errors in sentences and texts contributes to the formation of self-control skills in any lesson. The task becomes more difficult by increasing the number of errors and adding new types of them.
3. Alphabet" href="/text/category/alfavit/" rel="bookmark">alphabet. Then a word or phrase of 2-3 words is thought up.
at a signal, the children begin to “type”: the first “letter” in the word claps their hands, then
the second, and so on. When the whole word is printed, all the children clap their hands.
6. Isographs – multifunctional game aids aimed at
formation of the integrity of visual perception, sound-letter analysis
and synthesis, a generalized image of a letter. Isographs are objects
images of which consist of modified letters located in
space in a special way. Children must recognize this object, name it,
correctly determine the sound composition of the word - the name and find all the letters of this
writing dictionary words And How surprise moment lesson that improves
activity of students and helping to maintain their attention.
7.
Making words and sentences
by the first sounds of words-names
pictures often used as
organizational start point
lesson or its stage (learn the topic,
Such assignments include
operations of sound-letter analysis,
synthesis, as well as develop auditory
II . Games and game exercises that contribute to the formation of skills in syllabic analysis and synthesis, syllabic reading.
1. Work on syllable tables (options are presented in the appendix) contributes to the formation of syllabic reading skills, develops visual memory, expands the field visual perception. The child learns to read the whole syllable, to compose words from syllables according to schemes. I am doing this work in game form: children are divided into teams and compete in composing words for a while.
2. Building words from syllables using entertaining didactic
material allows you to practice the skill repeatedly, maintaining
student attention and interest.
In this version of the game, students
It is proposed to find and connect
Fish so that they get
the words. Additional tasks:
v How many fish swim to the left? How much to the right?
v Which fish can be swapped? (tea-ka, ka-tea).
3.
Selection of words for a given syllable
(or with this syllable) - assignment for
vocabulary activation and skill development
syllabic analysis. Kids like it very much
in the form of a competition (who is more?)
A more difficult version of the task:
come up with a word for this syllable, in
for which the number of syllables has already been determined.
For example, per… (2) - castle, fence;
ku… (3) - cuckoo, chicken, bathed.
4. Purpose of the game "Confusion" - composing a word from syllables presented by ear. For
To do this, it is necessary to keep the syllables in memory by swapping them, for example,
ki, ru (arms), you, sli (plums) no, damn (blacken). The game can be played
with throwing the ball.
Another version of the game requires retention in memory already more syllables and
elementary skills of syllabic analysis. Instruction: listen to the verses, highlighting
last syllable last word each line (there will be a pause); If you
connect all the syllables, you get the answer to the question:
Hey, hold on, grab it! Do they catch a redhead in the forest su.
Noise and din. The people are dark. Fo screams the loudest ma.
He has no jacket, no coat. Instead of a hat then.
From the ravine, where the alder is, the cries of the pet are heard Ha.
Catching a fox is not bad, but it interferes ... (turmoil).
5. Recently, many ready-made didactic games for the formation of
syllabic analysis and synthesis skills that I use in class. it series
q "Syllabic Domino" - a didactic game for making words from syllables, designed for different levels of preparedness of students. The game consists of several sets of cards, cut so that each card contains the last syllable of one word and the beginning of another. Having correctly laid out the cards according to the domino principle, we get a chain of words. A lighter version: in addition to syllables, there are pictures on the cards, as well as words cut in half. A more complicated version: without pictures, words are formed only by the correct selection of syllables.
q "Syllabic Cubes" - cubes, on the sides of which there are halves of pictures and syllables that make up the names of the pictures. At correct compilation words, whole images of objects are obtained, which are selected by thematic groups (animals, vegetables and fruits, toys, furniture, tools, utensils)
q "Syllabic Lotto" - didactic game including 3 options
1) Compilation of three-syllable words according to the first syllables of words-names of pictures
2) Compilation of three-syllable words according to the last syllables of words-names of pictures
3) Compilation of three-syllable words according to the middle syllables of words-names of pictures
The task of the players is to correctly close the pictures on individual cards with the corresponding syllables on small cards and read the received words.
The game is educational in nature, expands children's ideas about the world around them, enriches the vocabulary.
q "Making proposals" a game based on the principles of the previous one: words are formed from the initial or last syllables of words and sentences are read.
Thus, using the game method to form the skills of sound-syllabic analysis and synthesis, it is possible to prevent specific writing and reading errors of younger students, develop their cognitive abilities, create a positive motivation for learning, which is the key to successful development program material and allows the child to live each lesson brightly and interestingly.
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