How to pronounce the letter c. Speech therapy exercises, pronunciation classes

A child's speech develops over time. school age. You have to follow her early age so that by the first grade the child is fully entrenched correct pronunciation letters. But it happens that children of school age have impure speech.

Reasons why a child may not pronounce letters

Wrong pronunciation of letters can be explained by wrong education. If parents, communicating with their child, change their voice, lisp or babble, then the baby gets used to such communication and the incorrect pronunciation of letters is fixed in him.

Therefore, you need to speak with the child in the right and clear language. Immediately stop the slightest flaws in your baby's speech, because with age it will be several times more difficult to correct them.

Wrong attitude towards colloquial speech. There is an opinion that the learning of colloquial speech occurs without the intervention of adults. But if the parents do not participate in the process of the formation of the child's speech, then over time the baby's lag in speech development will begin to appear.

Teaching a child to pronounce sounds

There are many different methods for correct staging baby's speech. But many parents do not know how to teach a child to pronounce letters at home, and therefore immediately turn to speech therapists for help. Although often this problem can be solved at home. It is only necessary to correctly approach the organization of classes. Parents should remember that you can not overload the baby, the duration of each lesson should not exceed 15 minutes. If the child shows reluctance to study, postpone classes for a while. By forcing the baby to pronounce letters by force, you can forever discourage him from speaking correctly, and indeed learning in general.

Before each lesson, it is necessary to seat the child, making sure that he sits straight. All distracting objects are removed, the TV is turned off. An excellent option would be classes in front of a mirror so that the child sees not only the articulation of the adult sitting in front of him, but also his own.

Exercises for pronunciation of sounds

Initially, it is recommended to prepare cards on which animals and objects will be depicted, at the beginning, middle or end of which there are problematic letters. It is necessary to observe whether the pronunciation of a complex letter always turns out to be problematic, or in some positions.

• "Rails" (when the tongue should "ride" along the inside of the upper teeth).
• “Silence” (repeat the sound “t-sss” several times, stretching the letter “C”).

As a fixing of the letter, you need to choose pictures or words where the letter “C” is present: sleigh, sieve, belt, sun, light. You can use sentences: Sasha sows seeds or poems:

"It's dark in the forest,

Everyone has been sleeping for a long time.

One owl does not sleep

She sits on a bitch."

2. Letter "Z" is a colleague of "C", only voiced. Therefore, in order to teach a child to pronounce the letter “Z”, you need to pronounce “s” only by raising your voice. Show the baby, by bringing your hand to his neck, how the muscles tense up, making sonorous sounds. We fix the letter with the words: hare, beast, tooth, star, as well as sentences: A bunny in winter is like a small animal.

3. The letter "C" can be mastered by resorting to the Silence exercise, only you need to pronounce not “t-sss”, but “ts-ts-ts”. We fix with the words: heron, chicken, chain, pizza, and sentences: What color is the bird?

4. Pronounce the letter "Sh" you can use a small trick: ask the child to pronounce the letter “c”, and with a spoon, lift the baby’s tongue to the sky. Get the sound "sh". The letter is fixed with the words: awl, whisper, ears, noise; sentences: Our Masha rustles; as well as verses:

"Dear bear,
nice bear,
All plush
Our bear is sewn.

5. The same trick can be done with the letters "z" and "g". Pin the letter "J" you need the words: beetle, hedgehog, toad. And also with suggestions: Zhanna is expecting a book.

6. To master the letter "Ch", ask the baby to say "t-t-t", while pressing the baby's cheeks with your fingers. Then you will hear the coveted "h". And to fix the letter, ask the baby to say the words: tea, turtle, daughter, ball; Suggestions: Clean the siskin bath.

7. The most common problem for parents is the problem of the letters "R" and "L". tricks and exercises to solve this problem are aimed at teaching the child to growl without swallowing complex letters and without replacing the complex "r" with an easier "l":

"Horse" - together with the child, depict the clatter and clatter of the horse's hooves.

“Toothbrush” - ask your baby to smile widely. Then you need to hold the tongue along inner surface upper teeth. Make sure that the child's lower jaw remains motionless.

"Teaser" - the child is invited to tease. To do this, a relaxed tongue protrudes and dangles up and down. Accompanied by a teaser growl.

Special attention in teaching the letters "P" or "L" is given to tongue twisters:

• Grek rode across the river, he sees Grek: there is cancer in the river.
• There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one, two, three, there is firewood.
• The brave man ate thirty-three pies, and all of them with cottage cheese.
• You can't repeat all the tongue twisters.

Secrets to quickly teach a child to pronounce letters

In addition to direct training with the speech muscles of the child and exercises for teaching a complex letter, it is necessary to pay attention to the development fine motor skills. Together with your child, sort through the cereals, string the beads on a string, sculpt from plasticine or dough. And most importantly: while working, do not be silent. Tell your child stories, nursery rhymes or tongue twisters.

Another secret is to teach the child to repeat the letter "D" often. Saying this magic letter, the muscles of the tongue are trained, it is correctly located in the mouth, and with constant training, the child will learn to pronounce the complex letter “p”.

When should parents "sound the alarm" and contact a speech therapist?

If a child cannot master the pronunciation of sounds for a long time, it is necessary to seek help from a speech therapist. Since there are cases when the inability to pronounce certain letters is explained physiological features child. So, an incorrect bite can cause burr or lisp. In such situations, the doctor may prescribe special exercises or surgical operation, depending on the causes of speech difficulties. Also, a speech therapist as a professional can find other causes of poor pronunciation and work with them on a more serious level than parents.

C, c (called: tse) - one of the letters that is available in all Cyrillic Slavic alphabets (in Bulgarian - 23rd, 24th - in Russian, in Belarusian - 25th, in Ukrainian and Serbian - 27th, in Macedonian - 28th); It is also used in the writings of a number of non-Slavic peoples.

In the Church and Old Slavonic alphabets, it is called “tsy” (ts.-s.) or “qi” (s.-s.), the meaning of which is not entirely clear. It is referred to as the form of names. pad. pl. h. male"tsii" - from "kyi" - a relative and interrogative pronoun (which, which); to the old Russian union "qi" ("or", "is it true that", "is it"), corresponding to the Ukrainian modern "chi"; there are other versions.

In Cyrillic, it is usually considered in the order of the 26th (in the s.-s. alphabet) or the 25th (in the c.s. alphabet) and has the form; 27th in a row in the Glagolitic, has the form. Numeric value in both alphabets - 900.

Origin of the letter

It is impossible to unequivocally establish the origin of the Cyrillic style of the letter q, since letters of this form were included in many alphabets of those times: in Ethiopian writing, in Aramaic writing and descended from it, for example, in Hebrew צ (at the ends of words ץ), in Coptic - ϥ .

Pronunciation options

In modern Russian

According to some sources, the pronunciation of the letter C coincides exactly with the affricate [t̑s], i.e., a continuous (without vowels and pauses between sounds) sound combination [t] and [s]. In other sources, it is believed that there is a certain difference between the affricate [t̑s], which is denoted by the letter “c” (kid), and the combination [t + s] (to put down) by ear. In Russian, the letter “ts” is almost always pronounced firmly before the sounds [a], [y], [o] and a little softer before [i] and [e].

The double letter "c" (which occurs in borrowings) is pronounced single, slightly additionally lingering on [t], for example, in the word pizza, the pronunciation [pit̑ːsa] will be correct, and not [pit̑st̑sa]; the combination "tc" (father) is similarly pronounced.

In other languages

In others Slavic languages, for example, in Ukrainian or Bulgarian, Ts can be pronounced both “softly” and “firmly”. For example, Ukrainian language characteristically soft [ts`]: pasyuk, pepper, Tsyurupa, bird; given sound is considered one of the most difficult in the Ukrainian language when studying its phonetics by Russian-speaking students.

Spelling C with vowels

TsA / TsYa, TsE / TsE, TsU / TsYu, TsO / TsYo

In some cases, the alternative between the spelling tsa/tsya, tse/tse, tsu/tsyu, tso/tsyo may be dictated by the pronunciation, in others, by the etymology of the words. So, in the words of native Russians, there are no combinations of tse, tsia, tse, tsiu, but in foreign languages ​​they are permissible: Zurich, huaqiao, Tsetserleg, Patserkovsky; the same in compound words, usually after ts with separation of syllables: special effect.

The letter s is written after c:

In the roots of a number of words: gypsies, tsyts / tsytskat / tsykat, tsyplyonok / tsypki / tsypytska tsyryt, still (non-cl.) mtsyri and in other words with the same roots (until 1956 also tsynovka, tsyfir, scurvy, barber, armor and others); in primary school to memorize words with tsy, a mnemonic method is used - a gypsy tiptoed a chicken to a chicken - which contains almost all words, with this affricate having the letter s in the roots of words;

In suffixes -yn possessive adjectives after the letter base c: sisters, birds (in surnames both -yn and -in are used - it depends on the time and place the documents were received by the ancestors this person, for example: Solzhenitsyn, Vitsin);

In the endings on the -th adjectives after the letter stem c, for example: short, white-faced, -s, -s, -y, -s, -y;

In the endings of nouns -s after the letter stem c: fathers, streets, foxes, brothers;

In the conjugation forms of the verb stsat: stsyt, stsysh;

In all other cases, it is also written after c, for example: figure, circus, civilization.

In the 1960s of the twentieth century. there was a spelling reform project, where, among other things, it was proposed to write qi in general in all similar cases. This project was widely discussed by the public and left in the memory of the then generation writing cucumber through and and hare through e.

Difficult, but possible. You can learn to pronounce the correct sound quickly enough. The difficulty lies in the fact that for quite a long time you will have to constantly control yourself during a conversation. You will have to change the automatic skill that has been established for years.

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Difficult consonants: b;p | w;w | h;s | g;k | s;c | w;f | r;l | p;l | r;p;l | s;s;ts | h;zh;sh;shch;ts;x |

All speech therapy exercises on the site () are divided into classes. For example, you can find exercises for a specific letter. Teach your child poems, sayings, reading books. Correctional work must be comprehensive and systematic. Online exercises on speech therapy () can serve as a useful tool for speech therapists working with preschoolers. For certain reasons, the number of children with speech development disorders is increasing every year. The correct speech of the child is good. On our site, we have tried to provide you with everything you need for the development of your baby's speech. It is better to study often and in short portions than to arrange long lessons, but with long breaks. Speech therapy online classes allow children to develop communication skills.

Techniques for setting the sound C.

This sound can be tried when the child is already pronouncing the letters T and S. Ask the baby to quickly repeat T-C, T-C, T-C. As a result of the fusion of these sounds, the sound Ts is formed.

· Exercise "Don't wake the baby." Bring your index finger to your lips: "Ts-ts-ts, be careful, don't wake the baby in the crib, be quiet!"

How to teach a child to pronounce the sound [C] correctly?

1. Insidious sound C

If the problems with the sounds [С], [СЫ], [З], [Зб] are behind, it is worth listening to another whistling - [Ц]. For many kids, it becomes a real stumbling block!

For some reason, parents do not always notice problems in the pronunciation of this sound. Perhaps they seem to them not as significant as the defects [L] or [R]. The insidious sound [C] will not forgive such neglect of one's person! Funny substitutions in the baby’s speech, such as “tvety” (flowers), “chiplyonok” (chicken), “saly” (whole) will smoothly migrate from oral speech to written. Therefore, do not be surprised if, after a couple of years, a primary school teacher, tired of correcting such mistakes of your child, will refer him to a speech therapist. Dysgraphia among modern schoolchildren is a big problem! And this specialist will deal with it.

2. How to check if the child pronounces the sound C correctly?

To understand what kind of "stone" when pronouncing the sound Ts your baby stumbled, ask him to repeat the phrase: " Chicken Chick has a chain».

Perhaps it will turn out: "At the rash of Syp - sep." Well, the child has learned to speak [C] so well that it replaces the difficult sound [C]. This whistling consists of two components: [T] and [C]. If you pronounce them quickly and smoothly, you get the desired sound. But at the same time, the tongue must do such somersaults! First, rest the tip against the lower incisors, arch the back and push it off the hard palate (sound [T]). Then - go down a little and depict a hill with a groove in the middle (sound [C]). Agree, not every child will do all this flawlessly. Here someone is limited to one of the components, in particular, the sound [C].

3. We put the sound C ourselves!

Let's try to put the sound [C] in imitation. Sit in front of a mirror. Take the baby's hand and bring it to your mouth. Say exaggeratedly on a strong exhalation: “Ts-ts-ts - ...”. At the same time, the child should feel the blows of cold air on the palm. Pay attention to the crumbs on the correct position of the tongue and lips (they are slightly open in a smile). Let him copy all your actions and repeat: “Ts-ts-ts - ...”. It may take a few repetitions, or sessions, to get it right. Fix the result by repeating the syllables: tsa-tsa-tsa, tso-tso-tso, tsu-tsu-tsu, tsi-tsy-tsy, tse-tse-tse. When pronouncing these direct syllables, the lips should take the position of the vowel that follows it. At the first stage, the pronunciation is still exaggerated and tense. But gradually everything will fall into place, and articulation will become relaxed.

4. Let's play hide and seek with the sound C!

For some babies, the control phrase will sound like this: “Tip’s type has a warm.” The most common option! Let's take advantage of it. Let the baby say [T] with a strong exhalation (demonstrate this for clarity). Two sounds [ts] will be heard. Moreover, the whistling element [C] will be more drawn out. To achieve a close fusion of sounds, play with the child the reverse syllable [ats] with a strong exhalation at the moment of transition from [a] to [ts]. You should get a reverse syllable [ac]. In the same way, work with the reverse syllables [ots], [uts], [its], [ets].

And so that at school the child does not appear to replace the letter C with C, or T, play with him the game "Blind Man's Blinds with Sound". You slowly, with an arrangement, pronounce the syllables: SA - TSU - OS - SY - TSY - SE - ATs - SO - TSE - ... etc., TA - TSY - OTs - TE - YOU - TSU - TO - TSE - ... etc. The kid closes his eyes and claps his hands when he hears a syllable with the sound [C]. For each “correct” clap, one candy or nut is placed on the baby’s plate; for a mistake, it is removed. At the end of the game, the result is evaluated. The more sweets (nuts) on the plate, the better baby completed the task.

5. How to achieve a clear sounding of the sound C with an ordinary spoon?

If the baby's tongue at the sound [C] stubbornly does not want to hold on to the teeth and strives to slip out, we can talk about interdental sigmatism. Hold the "fidget" with the handle of a teaspoon. Do it carefully. Fix the tip of the tongue near the lower incisors (on the inside). At the moment of pronouncing [Ts], lightly press the tongue, giving it the shape of a hillock, its middle part should connect with the hard palate. If the experiment succeeds, you will hear a clear sound [C]. Repeat this trick several times. Now ask the child, following you, as you exhale, pronounce direct syllables: TsA, TsO, TsU, TSE, TSY. The handle of the spoon still plays the role of an assistant (but only on the sound [C]!). On vowels, the spoon is removed. For a while, the baby will have to endure the presence of this support in the mouth. It is necessary to refuse her help gradually, each time reducing the pressure on the tongue. It is finally removed when the child learns to independently hold his tongue behind his teeth.

6. Statement of the sound C with labial-tooth sigmatism.

And one more version of the phrase performed by the baby: “At the chick, Fypa fep.” There is labial-tooth sigmatism. This time, the lower lip shows disobedience. It is necessary to remove the lip articulation. You may be able to do this with your index finger. Press the baby's lower lip to the base of the lower teeth (finger should be placed horizontally). Hold the capricious while the child pronounces straight and reverse syllables with sound [C]. After a while, your help will no longer be needed.

There is another way to deal with this sigmatism. The baby shows a dazzling smile (upper and lower teeth are visible). You fix the corners of your mouth with your thumb and forefinger: the Hollywood glow must be kept for as long as possible! Without changing the position of the lips, the child, following you, pronounces syllables : ts-ts-tsy, tsy-tsy-tsy, tsy-tsy-tsy, tsy-tsy-tsy, ts-ts-ts, ts-ts-ts, ts-ts-ts. As soon as the lower sponge learns to behave decently, and the sound [C] sounds clear, the "props" are removed.

7. We fix the sound C in speech.

The above methods of setting [C] are used not only for dyslalia. They are effective for other speech disorders: rhinolalia, dysarthria (CP), alalia, hearing loss and deafness. How long will the classes last? Hard to say! For each child, this process is individual.

After setting the sound [C], it must be fixed on the material of words, phrases, texts (in that order).

So words. Pick up with your child those that begin with familiar syllables:

Tsa: king, queen, tsap-scratch, scratch, prince, etc.

Tso: tsok-tsok, tsokot, tsokotukha.

Tse: purpose, chain, price, whole, cement, workshop, etc.

Tsy: gypsy, gypsy, chick-chick, chick, chick, chick.

Qi: digit, zinnia, cyclone, cyclops, circus, etc.

For training, you can use any free minute. For example, while in the kitchen, instruct your child to find dishes with the sound [C]. If you have any difficulties, ask leading questions:

-Where is sugar (bread, sweets, crackers, fruits)?

-Where do they put the salad?

-What is roast duck (goose) cooked in?

- What is the sauce served in? etc.

Among the household utensils, there are many more words with [C]: a shoebox, a powder box, a soap box, a needle case, an ashtray, etc.

Visiting the zoo, remember the names of birds and animals: heron, titmouse, lizard, hare, arctic fox. Play with the baby in the game "He-she". You say: “He is a wolf, and she is ...?”. Child: "Wolf!" In the same way, with the words: bear, tiger, lion, camel, eagle, rooster, buffalo, etc. Isn't it a great chance not only to practice pronunciation difficult sound, but also the opportunity to enrich the vocabulary of the crumbs?

The game "Guess the profession" is also useful in the selection of words with the sound [C]. Adult: "This woman is raising kids (teaches children, writes books, trains animals, operates a crane, cleans the room, etc.)" The child guesses who is being talked about.

You can characterize a person using words with [C]. For example, what do we call a girl (girl)? A beauty, a clever woman, a princess, a modest woman, a fashionista, an assistant, an intercessor, a disputer, a craftswoman, an expert, etc. What about a man (youth)? Well done, daring, fighter, wrestler, brave man, etc.

The game "Affectionate words" will give a lot of opportunities to consolidate the sound [C] in speech. “Let's say it kindly, and now, [C] will come to us in a word!”: cookies - cookies, jam - jam (blanket, mirror, dress, awl, chair, letter, lard, bottom, business, knee, soap, awl , letter, window, coat, gun, lake, etc.). Naturally, the “gentle words” should be chosen by the child.

From the selection of words, go to pure words (work with sentences), which you can come up with yourself:

Tse-tse-tse, tse-tse-tse: the chicken is napping on the porch.

Tso-tso-tso, tso-tso-tso: Tsarapych went out onto the porch.

Tsu-tsu-tsu, tsu-tsu-tsu: Tsarapych walks along the porch.

Tsa-tsa-tsa, tsa-tsa-tsa: do not touch, Tsarapych, well done!

Tsa-tsa-tsa, tsa-tsa-tsa: we drove the cat off the porch.

Ets-ets-ets, ets-ets-ets: the chicken is just great!

Continue in the same spirit!

8. Rhymes and jokes are great helpers!

As texts, it is best to use easy-to-remember folk rhymes and jokes:

Chick-chick-chick, chicks

There is water in a tub.

Who is afraid of me

I will not give them water!

Here come the chickens

Do not be afraid of tubs.

Near the tub of a saucer:

They all get drunk!

-Girl, girl

Get off the water!

-I'm afraid of a rabbit

I'm afraid of foxes!

- Hare in the swamp,

Fox on the hunt:

The heron is chasing

Zaitsev is scared.

Click, click, click, click!

I am a horse - a gray side!

I will knock with a hoof,

If you want, I will!

Look how beautiful I am

Nice tail and mane.

Click, click, click, click!

I am a horse - a gray side!

Manya went to the market,

Brought home the goods:

Mother's handkerchief.

A flower in the middle.

Falcon brothers -

On goat boots

Swan sisters -

With white mittens.

The duck went to the water,

Met a girl.

The girl has a pigtail

And a chintz sundress.

Aiming at the target,

Yes, the sight on the gun is shot down.

Whole target. All day

Sagittarius fixes the sight.

So, step by step, the baby is on the path of speech improvement, and adults are glad that by common efforts they managed to remove speech road child another pebble.

SOUND SETTING C.

C - consonant, oral, occlusive-slit, anterior-lingual, deaf, hard.

The exercises of articulation gymnastics are the same as when staging the sounds C, Z.

Sound staging c you can only start if you have a good pronunciation of sounds With and t.

Normal setting when pronouncing the sound c.

1) The tip of the tongue, as when pronouncing the sound with, rests on the front lower teeth. The tongue is raised and curved. The anterior part of the back of the tongue merges with the palate (at the alveoli). The tongue is widely flattened, the lateral edges are tense. At the moment of exhalation, the front of the back instantly opens with the palate. The tip of the tongue is slightly pulled away from the lower teeth, thereby increasing the push of the air stream.

2) The lips are stretched in a smile.

3) Teeth when pronouncing a sound are closed or close. When pronouncing a vowel sound in direct syllables, the teeth open.

4) The air is exhaled with a push at the moment the tongue opens with the palate. On the palm, raised to the mouth, a cold stream of air is felt.

5) The sound q is formed when sounds merge t and With. When pronouncing the sound q, the exhaled stream of air is strong with an explosive character, as when pronouncing the sound t, and pronouncing the sound c gives the affricate q a whistling tone.

However, good pronunciation of sounds t and With taken separately does not yet guarantee the staging of the sound q by imitation.

PREPARATORY EXERCISES

Exercise for the development of the pressure of exhaled air.

Insert the tip of your tongue between your teeth. Press the tip with your teeth. Quickly unclench your teeth and forcefully pull the tip of your tongue inward (not too far) at the same time as exhaling air with a push. Hard interdental sound heard t.

Language exercises.

1) open your mouth. with the tip of the tongue rest against the lower front teeth, and lift and bend the tongue so that the front part is pressed against the palate. the tongue touches the upper teeth with the back. without turning on the voice, pronounce a sound that imitates the sound t. (when pronouncing an isolated normal sound t, the tip of the tongue rests on the front upper teeth.) The pronunciation of the sound occurs at the moment of opening, when the tip of the tongue bounces off the lower front teeth under the pressure of a strong jet of exhaled air. lips are tense, stretched in a smile. palm control.

The exercise is useful in that it accustoms the tongue to the position that is performed when pronouncing the sound c.

Note. When pronouncing a sound imitating the sound t, the tip of the tongue rests on the upper front teeth (as when pronouncing solid sound m), and the goal of the exercise is not achieved.

2) Open your mouth. Press the tip of the tongue against the lower front teeth. The back of the tongue is curved and touches the upper front teeth. To make the back of the tongue better in contact with the palate, the lateral edges of the tongue are clamped by the teeth and remain clamped both at the moment of inhalation and at the moment of exhalation. The tip of the tongue must remain free.

After inhaling, exhale the air with a short strong push while simultaneously rebounding the tip of the tongue from the lower front teeth. The position of the teeth does not change. Lips are tense and stretched in a smile. A short sound is heard c.

Note. At the moment of exhalation, with a fixed tip of the tongue, the teeth open, and therefore a short sound is heard With.

3) Repeat the previous exercise without clamping the lateral edges of the tongue with your teeth.

Note. sometimes instead of sound c a dull syllable is heard ce(or sometimes ca) if the mouth is wide open.

It is necessary that he remember how his tongue is located when pronouncing this sound, help him and, if it works out, be sure to praise him, encourage him.

If separately your child has learned to pronounce the sound Ц, then start introducing the sound q into syllables, then into words, sentences. Only after that in free speech.

When you learn to pronounce syllables, you first need to use the sound Ts with vowels - tsa, tsi, tso, ats, uts, then between vowels, itsy, itso. Only after that already with consonants - stsy, tsy.

My advice to you, consult a speech therapist, he will definitely prescribe you special exercises in order to quickly learn how to pronounce this letter. You can go once, and you will study at home.

Only by repeated repetitions until the child succeeds. But it is not the letter itself that needs to be pronounced, but the words containing it. For example, heron, gems, chicken and others. To the distant Soviet times there were no speech therapists, they managed with educators in kindergartens. And nothing, somehow everyone learned to speak correctly. Mom said that, trying to pronounce the sound "r", I kept repeating "plinz" (prince) at home. And learned. Only if the child has some kind of physical defect, then you need to go to a specialist and bring him your money.

Take me to a speech pathologist! He will teach. Here the son did not say the letter P, he went to a speech therapist - he says.

How to teach a child to pronounce sounds at home? Exercises for training complex sounds

The child celebrated his fifth birthday. He chirps a lot for a long time, but still cannot pronounce many letters, and distorts the words in such a way that only close people can understand him. This problem is familiar to many parents and they all ask one question: how to teach a child to pronounce letters?

The speech of the child is formed during preschool age. You need to follow it from an early age, so that by the first grade the correct pronunciation of letters is fully fixed in the child. But it happens that children of school age have impure speech.

Reasons why a child may not pronounce letters

Wrong pronunciation of letters can be explained by wrong education. If parents, communicating with their child, change their voice, lisp or babble, then the baby gets used to such communication and the incorrect pronunciation of letters is fixed in him.

Therefore, you need to speak with the child in the right and clear language. Immediately stop the slightest flaws in your baby's speech, because with age it will be several times more difficult to correct them.

Wrong attitude to colloquial speech. There is an opinion that the learning of colloquial speech occurs without the intervention of adults. But if the parents do not participate in the process of the formation of the child's speech, then over time the baby's lag in speech development will begin to appear.

Teaching a child to pronounce sounds

There are many different techniques for the correct formulation of the speech of the baby. But many parents do not know how to teach a child to pronounce letters at home, and therefore immediately turn to speech therapists for help. Although often this problem can be solved at home. It is only necessary to correctly approach the organization of classes. Parents should remember that you can not overload the baby, the duration of each lesson should not exceed 15 minutes. If the child shows reluctance to study, postpone classes for a while. By forcing the baby to pronounce letters by force, you can forever discourage him from speaking correctly, and indeed learning in general.

Before each lesson, it is necessary to seat the child, making sure that he sits straight. All distracting objects are removed, the TV is turned off. An excellent option would be classes in front of a mirror so that the child sees not only the articulation of the adult sitting in front of him, but also his own.

Exercises for pronunciation of sounds

Initially, it is recommended to prepare cards on which animals and objects will be depicted, at the beginning, middle or end of which there are problematic letters. It is necessary to observe whether the pronunciation of a complex letter always turns out to be problematic, or in some positions.

• "Rails" (when the tongue should "ride" along the inside of the upper teeth).
• “Silence” (repeat the sound “t-sss” several times, stretching the letter “C”).

As a fixing of the letter, you need to choose pictures or words where the letter “C” is present: sleigh, sieve, belt, sun, light. You can use sentences: Sasha sows seeds or poems:

One owl does not sleep

She sits on a bitch."

2. The letter "Z" is a colleague of "C", only voiced. Therefore, in order to teach a child to pronounce the letter “Z”, you need to pronounce “s” only by raising your voice. Show the baby, by bringing your hand to his neck, how the muscles tense up, making sonorous sounds. We fix the letter with the words: hare, beast, tooth, star, as well as sentences: A bunny in winter is like a small animal.

3. The letter “C” can be mastered by resorting to the “Silence” exercise, only you need to pronounce not “t-sss”, but “ts-ts-ts”. We fix with the words: heron, chicken, chain, pizza, and sentences: What color is the bird?

4. You can pronounce the letter "Sh" with the help of a small trick: ask the child to pronounce the letter "c", and with a spoon, lift the baby's tongue to the sky. Get the sound "sh". The letter is fixed with the words: awl, whisper, ears, noise; sentences: Our Masha rustles; as well as verses:

5. The same trick can be done with the letters "z" and "g". You need to fix the letter "Zh" with the words: beetle, hedgehog, toad. And also with suggestions: Zhanna is expecting a book.

6. To master the letter "H", ask the baby to say "t-t-t", while pressing the baby's cheeks with your fingers. Then you will hear the coveted "h". And to fix the letter, ask the baby to say the words: tea, turtle, daughter, ball; Suggestions: Clean the siskin bath.

7. The most common problem for parents is the problem of the letters "R" and "L". Techniques and exercises for solving this problem are aimed at teaching the child to growl without swallowing complex letters and without replacing the complex “r” with an easier “l”:

"Horse" - depict the clatter and clatter of the horse's hooves with your child.

“Toothbrush” - ask the baby to smile broadly. Then you need to run your tongue along the inner surface of the upper teeth. Make sure that the child's lower jaw remains motionless.

"Teaser" - the child is invited to tease. To do this, a relaxed tongue protrudes and dangles up and down. Accompanied by a teaser growl.

Special attention in teaching the letters "P" or "L" is given to tongue twisters:

• Grek rode across the river, he sees Grek: there is cancer in the river.
• There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one, two, three firewood lies.
• The brave man ate thirty-three pies, and all of them with cottage cheese.
• You can't repeat all the tongue twisters.

Secrets to quickly teach a child to pronounce letters

In addition to direct exercises with the speech muscles of the child and exercises for teaching a complex letter, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of fine motor skills. Together with your child, sort through the cereals, string the beads on a string, sculpt from plasticine or dough. And most importantly: while working, do not be silent. Tell your child stories, nursery rhymes or tongue twisters.

Another secret is to teach the child to repeat the letter "D" often. By pronouncing this magic letter, the muscles of the tongue are trained, it is correctly positioned in the mouth, and with constant training, the child will learn to pronounce the complex letter “r”.

When should parents "sound the alarm" and contact a speech therapist?

If a child cannot master the pronunciation of sounds for a long time, it is necessary to seek help from a speech therapist. Since there are cases when the inability to pronounce certain letters is explained by the physiological characteristics of the child. So, an incorrect bite can cause burr or lisp. In such situations, the doctor may prescribe special exercises or surgery, depending on the causes of speech difficulties. Also, a speech therapist as a professional can find other causes of poor pronunciation and work with them on a more serious level than parents.

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How to teach a child to pronounce the sound [C] correctly?

1. Insidious sound C

If the problems with the sounds [С], [СЫ], [З], [Зб] are behind, it is worth listening to another whistling - [Ц]. For many kids, it becomes a real stumbling block!

For some reason, parents do not always notice problems in the pronunciation of this sound. Perhaps they seem to them not as significant as the defects [L] or [R]. The insidious sound [C] will not forgive such neglect of one's person! Funny substitutions in the baby’s speech, such as “tvet” (flowers), “chiplyonok” (chicken), “salii” (whole) will smoothly migrate from oral speech into writing. Therefore, do not be surprised if in a couple of years the teacher primary school, tired of correcting such mistakes of your child, will refer him to a speech therapist. Dysgraphia among modern schoolchildren is a big problem! And this specialist will deal with it.

2. How to check if the child pronounces the sound C correctly?

To understand what kind of “stone” your baby stumbled when pronouncing the sound Ts, ask him to repeat the phrase: “Chicken Chick has a chain.”

Perhaps it will turn out: "At the rash of Syp - sep." Well, the child has learned to speak [C] so well that it replaces the difficult sound [C]. This whistling consists of two components: [T] and [C]. If you pronounce them quickly and smoothly, you get the desired sound. But at the same time, the tongue must do such somersaults! First, rest the tip against the lower incisors, arch the back and push it off the hard palate (sound [T]). Then - go down a little and depict a hill with a groove in the middle (sound [C]). Agree, not every child will do all this flawlessly. Here someone is limited to one of the components, in particular, the sound [C].

3. We put the sound C ourselves!

Let's try to put the sound [C] in imitation. Sit in front of a mirror. Take the baby's hand and bring it to your mouth. Say exaggeratedly on a strong exhalation: “Ts-ts-ts - ...”. At the same time, the child should feel the blows of cold air on the palm. Pay attention to the crumbs on the correct position of the tongue and lips (they are slightly open in a smile). Let him copy all your actions and repeat: “Ts-ts-ts - ...”. It may take a few repetitions, or sessions, to get it right. Fix the result by repeating the syllables: tsa-tsa-tsa, tso-tso-tso, tsu-tsu-tsu, tsi-tsy-tsy, tse-tse-tse. When pronouncing these direct syllables, the lips should take the position of the vowel that follows it. At the first stage, the pronunciation is still exaggerated and tense. But gradually everything will fall into place, and articulation will become relaxed.

4. Let's play hide and seek with the sound C!

For some babies, the control phrase will sound like this: “Tip’s type has a warm.” The most common option! Let's take advantage of it. Let the baby say [T] with a strong exhalation (demonstrate this for clarity). Two sounds [ts] will be heard. Moreover, the whistling element [C] will be more drawn out. To achieve a close fusion of sounds, play with the child the reverse syllable [ats] with a strong exhalation at the moment of transition from [a] to [ts]. You should get a reverse syllable [ac]. In the same way, work with the reverse syllables [ots], [uts], [its], [ets].

And so that at school the child does not appear to replace the letter C with C, or T, play with him the game "Blind Man's Blinds with Sound". You slowly, with an arrangement, pronounce the syllables: SA - TSU - OS - SY - TSY - SE - ATs - SO - TSE - ... etc., TA - TSY - OTs - TE - YOU - TSU - TO - TSE - ... etc. The kid closes his eyes and claps his hands when he hears a syllable with the sound [C]. For each “correct” clap, one candy or nut is placed on the baby’s plate; for a mistake, it is removed. At the end of the game, the result is evaluated. The more sweets (nuts) on the plate, the better the child coped with the task.

5. How to achieve a clear sounding of the sound C with an ordinary spoon?

If the tongue of the baby on the sound [C] stubbornly does not want to hold on to the teeth and strives to slip out, we can talk about interdental sigmatism. Hold the "fidget" with the handle of a teaspoon. Do it carefully. Fix the tip of the tongue near the lower incisors (on the inside). At the moment of pronouncing [Ts], lightly press the tongue, giving it the shape of a hillock, its middle part should connect with the hard palate. If the experiment succeeds, you will hear a clear sound [C]. Repeat this trick several times. Now ask the child, following you, as you exhale, pronounce direct syllables: TsA, TsO, TsU, TSE, TSY. The handle of the spoon still plays the role of an assistant (but only on the sound [C]!). On vowels, the spoon is removed. For a while, the baby will have to endure the presence of this support in the mouth. It is necessary to refuse her help gradually, each time reducing the pressure on the tongue. It is finally removed when the child learns to independently hold his tongue behind his teeth.

6. Statement of the sound C with labial-tooth sigmatism.

And one more version of the phrase performed by the baby: “At the chick, Fypa fep.” There is labial-tooth sigmatism. This time, the lower lip shows disobedience. It is necessary to remove the lip articulation. You may be able to do this with your index finger. Press the baby's lower lip to the base of the lower teeth (finger should be placed horizontally). Hold the capricious while the child pronounces direct and reverse syllables with the sound [Ts]. After a while, your help will no longer be needed.

There is another way to deal with this sigmatism. The baby shows a dazzling smile (upper and lower teeth are visible). You fix the corners of your mouth with your thumb and forefinger: the Hollywood glow must be kept for as long as possible! Without changing the position of the lips, the child, following you, pronounces syllables : ts-ts-tsy, tsy-tsy-tsy, tsy-tsy-tsy, tsy-tsy-tsy, ts-ts-ts, ts-ts-ts, ts-ts-ts. As soon as the lower sponge learns to behave decently, and the sound [C] sounds clear, the "props" are removed.

7. We fix the sound C in speech.

The above methods of setting [C] are used not only for dyslalia. They are also effective for other speech disorders: rhinolalia, dysarthria (CP), alalia, hearing loss and deafness. How long will the classes last? Hard to say! For each child, this process is individual.

After setting the sound [C], it must be fixed on the material of words, phrases, texts (in that order).

So words. Pick up with your child those that begin with familiar syllables:

Tsa: king, queen, tsap-scratch, scratch, prince, etc.

Tso: tsok-tsok, tsokot, tsokotukha.

Tse: purpose, chain, price, whole, cement, workshop, etc.

Tsy: gypsy, gypsy, chick-chick, chick, chick, chick.

Qi: digit, zinnia, cyclone, cyclops, circus, etc.

For training, you can use any free minute. For example, while in the kitchen, instruct your child to find dishes with the sound [C]. If you have any difficulties, ask leading questions:

-Where is sugar (bread, sweets, crackers, fruits)?

-Where do they put the salad?

-What is roast duck (goose) cooked in?

- What is the sauce served in? etc.

Among the household utensils, there are many more words with [C]: a shoebox, a powder box, a soap box, a needle case, an ashtray, etc.

Visiting the zoo, remember the names of birds and animals: heron, titmouse, lizard, hare, arctic fox. Play with the baby in the game "He-she". You say: “He is a wolf, and she is ...?”. Child: "Wolf!" In the same way, with the words: bear, tiger, lion, camel, eagle, rooster, buffalo, etc. Isn't it a great chance not only to practice pronouncing a difficult sound, but also the opportunity to enrich the crumbs' vocabulary?

The game "Guess the profession" is also useful in the selection of words with the sound [C]. Adult: "This woman is raising kids (teaches children, writes books, trains animals, operates a crane, cleans the room, etc.)" The child guesses who is being talked about.

You can characterize a person using words with [C]. For example, what do we call a girl (girl)? A beauty, a clever woman, a princess, a modest woman, a fashionista, an assistant, an intercessor, a disputer, a craftswoman, an expert, etc. What about a man (youth)? Well done, daring, fighter, wrestler, brave man, etc.

The game "Affectionate words" will give a lot of opportunities to consolidate the sound [C] in speech. “Let's say it kindly, and now, [C] will come to us in a word!”: cookies - cookies, jam - jam (blanket, mirror, dress, awl, chair, letter, lard, bottom, business, knee, soap, awl , letter, window, coat, gun, lake, etc.). Naturally, the “gentle words” should be chosen by the child.

From the selection of words, go to pure words (work with sentences), which you can come up with yourself:

Tse-tse-tse, tse-tse-tse: the chicken is napping on the porch.

Tso-tso-tso, tso-tso-tso: Tsarapych went out onto the porch.

Tsu-tsu-tsu, tsu-tsu-tsu: Tsarapych walks along the porch.

Tsa-tsa-tsa, tsa-tsa-tsa: do not touch, Tsarapych, well done!

Tsa-tsa-tsa, tsa-tsa-tsa: we drove the cat off the porch.

Ets-ets-ets, ets-ets-ets: the chicken is just great!

Continue in the same spirit!

8. Rhymes and jokes are great helpers!

It is best to use easy-to-remember texts as texts. folk rhymes and jokes:

There is water in a tub.

Who is afraid of me

I will not give them water!

Here come the chickens

Do not be afraid of tubs.

Near the tub of a saucer:

They all get drunk!

Get off the water!

Fox on the hunt:

I am a horse - a gray side!

I will knock with a hoof,

If you want, I will!

Look how beautiful I am

Nice tail and mane.

I am a horse - a gray side!

Manya went to the market,

Brought home the goods:

Mother's handkerchief.

On goat boots

With white mittens.

The duck went to the water,

The girl has a pigtail

And a chintz sundress.

Aiming at the target,

Yes, the sight on the gun is shot down.

Whole target. All day

Sagittarius fixes the sight.

So, step by step, the baby goes along the path of speech improvement, and adults are glad that by joint efforts they managed to remove one more pebble from the child’s speech path.

SOUND SETTING C.

C - consonant, oral, occlusive-slit, anterior-lingual, deaf, hard.

The exercises of articulation gymnastics are the same as when staging the sounds C, Z.

The staging of the sound ts can only be started if the sounds s, etc., are well pronounced.

Normal setting when pronouncing the sound c.

1) The tip of the tongue, as when pronouncing the sound with, rests on the front lower teeth. The tongue is raised and curved. The anterior part of the back of the tongue merges with the palate (at the alveoli). The tongue is widely flattened, the lateral edges are tense. At the moment of exhalation, the front of the back instantly opens with the palate. The tip of the tongue is slightly pulled away from the lower teeth, thereby increasing the push of the air stream.

2) The lips are stretched in a smile.

3) Teeth when pronouncing a sound are closed or close. When pronouncing a vowel sound in direct syllables, the teeth open.

4) The air is exhaled with a push at the moment the tongue opens with the palate. On the palm, raised to the mouth, a cold stream of air is felt.

5) The sound q is formed by the merger of the sounds t and s. When pronouncing the sound q, the exhaled stream of air is strong with an explosive character, as when pronouncing the sound t, and pronouncing the sound c gives the affricate q a whistling tone.

However, a good pronunciation of the sounds t and s separately does not guarantee the staging of the sound ts by imitation.

Exercise for the development of the pressure of exhaled air.

Insert the tip of your tongue between your teeth. Press the tip with your teeth. Quickly unclench your teeth and forcefully pull the tip of your tongue inward (not too far) at the same time as exhaling air with a push. An interdental hard sound is heard.

Language exercises.

1) open your mouth. with the tip of the tongue rest against the lower front teeth, and lift and bend the tongue so that the front part is pressed against the palate. the tongue touches the upper teeth with the back. without turning on the voice, pronounce a sound that imitates the sound t. (when pronouncing an isolated normal sound t, the tip of the tongue rests on the front upper teeth.) The pronunciation of the sound occurs at the moment of opening, when the tip of the tongue bounces off the lower front teeth under the pressure of a strong jet of exhaled air. lips are tense, stretched in a smile. palm control.

The exercise is useful in that it accustoms the tongue to the position that is performed when pronouncing the sound c.

Note. When pronouncing a sound imitating the sound t, the tip of the tongue rests on the upper front teeth (as when pronouncing a solid sound t), and the goal of the exercise is not achieved.

2) Open your mouth. Press the tip of the tongue against the lower front teeth. The back of the tongue is curved and touches the upper front teeth. To make the back of the tongue better in contact with the palate, the lateral edges of the tongue are clamped by the teeth and remain clamped both at the moment of inhalation and at the moment of exhalation. The tip of the tongue must remain free.

After inhaling, exhale the air with a short strong push while simultaneously rebounding the tip of the tongue from the lower front teeth. The position of the teeth does not change. Lips are tense and stretched in a smile. A short sound is heard.

Note. At the moment of exhalation, with a fixed tip of the tongue, the teeth open, and therefore a short sound s is heard.

3) Repeat the previous exercise without clamping the lateral edges of the tongue with your teeth.

Note. sometimes, instead of the sound ts, a voiceless syllable tse (or sometimes tsa) is heard if the mouth is wide open.

How to teach a child to pronounce the sounds "C" and "Z". Lesson 2

These classes are suitable for children 3-4 years old. If your child already knows how to pronounce the letter “t” correctly, then you can put the letter “c” from it. Ask the child to say the letter "t" as usual, and then stretch it out a little longer. You should get an indefinite whistle. In order for the whistle to become thinner and cleaner, more like the letter “c”, the baby at this moment needs to smile broadly. Then you need to straighten your teeth. After that, you should get a full-fledged "s" sound.

Also, the letter "c" can be put from the letter "c". The fact is that the sound "ts" actually consists of two sounds "t" and "s", quickly passing one to the other. Therefore, all we need here is to separate the sound "t" from "s". Let the child hold out the sound “shhh” for a long, long time, and for the second time let him pronounce this sound with an interruption of the exhalation “hhhhhhhh”, you can add eye “hhhhhhhh”, “hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh” to the last sound ". Then tell your child good news that he learned to say the letter "c". Then start automating in syllables and words.

The interdental pronunciation of the letter "s" is much easier to correct. To do this, the baby must clamp his teeth, put them on top of each other and say the usual letter "c". All you need to do this is to play a game of who can talk longer with clenched teeth. The letter "z" is paired in sonority with the letter "c". Therefore, all methods can be used to set it up. To get the correct sound "z", the baby needs to whistle loudly. You can put your hand on the neck and check if the sound “s” in the neck is quiet and quiet, and the bell rings there on the “z”. If you could not put these sounds on your own, then you should contact a speech therapist.

How to teach a child to pronounce sounds

Growing up, our children are increasingly replenishing their vocabulary. The need to talk is growing with each passing day. Unfortunately, most kids have problems with the pronunciation of individual sounds. Is it possible to teach a baby to pronounce sounds correctly at home, or will a speech therapist need help to eliminate speech defects?

What causes mispronunciation?

The most common mistake adults make when communicating with their child is imitating his speech. We lisp with a little man, often distorting the words. It turns out that our speech descends to the level of a baby. Instead of talking to young children as best as possible, pronouncing all the sounds and letters clearly, we deliberately make our speech obscure.

The reason for the incorrect reproduction of individual sounds may be a feature of the structure of the speech apparatus

• The ligament under the tongue is shorter than it should be, making it difficult for it to move.
• Normal speech is hindered by the size of the tongue (too small or, on the contrary, large).
• Very thin or, on the contrary, plump lips, which makes their articulation difficult.
• Deviations in the structure of the teeth or jaw.
• A defect in the hearing aid that does not allow you to hear some sounds, and, therefore, to pronounce them correctly.

Some speech defects can be easily corrected by parents. The main difficulties the baby experiences when pronouncing hissing sounds - Zh, Ch, Sh, Shch, the letters P, as well as Z, G, K, L, S and C.

How to help your child pronounce hissing sounds?

Teaching a baby to pronounce the letters Zh, Ch, Sh, and Sh is a little easier than, for example, the letter R. Most often, children have a problem with the pronunciation of hissing Zh and Sh. At the same time, the sound Ш still does not hurt the ear as much as the incorrectly pronounced Zh .

Usually the problem with hissing occurs due to the fact that the baby is unable to relax the tongue and stretch it so that the edges touch the upper side teeth.

Therefore, the baby must be taught a few simple exercises.

1. Let's relax the tongue. Put the tongue on the lower teeth, like a pancake, and tap on it with the upper ones, while saying “Ta-ta-ta”. After that, the tongue should lie down relaxed. Then you need to slap it with your upper lip and say "Pa-pa-pa."
2. Raise the tip of the tongue up. To complete the task, you need a chewing candy or gum (it will be a good motivation for the baby). It is necessary that he opens his mouth 2-3 cm, spread the tongue over the lower lip, sticking out its tip. Put a piece of candy on it and ask the child to stick it to the sky behind the upper teeth. Make sure that the baby only uses the tongue, and does not use the jaw.
3. We blow air through the middle of the tongue. Place a small piece of cotton on the table. Let the baby smile and position the tongue as in the previous task. The task of the baby is to blow off the fleece to the other end of the table without puffing out his cheeks. At the same time, he must pronounce a semblance of the letter F.
4. We blow cotton from the nose. The child opens his mouth, lays the tongue so that a groove is formed in the middle of it, and the edges almost converge. We put a piece of cotton wool on the nose, the Kid should take a deep breath in through the nose and exhale sharply through the mouth. At the same time, cotton wool should fly up.
5. We pronounce the sounds Zh and Sh. Ask the baby to pronounce the syllable SA, the tongue at this time should be behind the teeth. Then you need to move the tongue deeper into the mouth. As we move towards the alveoli, the sound from C turns into Sh. To get the sound Zh, we repeat the exercises, first pronouncing the syllable ZA.
6. More words with Zh and Sh. Remember or come up with rhymes or tongue twisters where the letters Zh and Sh are often found in words. Repeat them with your baby several times.
7. We pronounce the letter H. If the baby has an increased tone of the tongue, at first it will be more difficult for him to cope with the exercise. The sound CH consists of TH and SC. First, the tongue should hit the alveoli, pronouncing TH, and then relax, passing the sound SC through the crack. These two sounds, at first slowly and then faster, should merge into one H. After several trainings, the baby will succeed !

Practice your pronunciation with different little rhymes. For example:

• There were jackdaws visiting wolf cubs,
• There were wolf cubs visiting the jackdaws,
• Now the cubs are clamoring like jackdaws,
• And like wolf cubs, jackdaws are silent.

Learning to pronounce the letter R

The baby begins to pronounce the letter R well only by the age of 5-6 years. If your baby has not yet reached this age, do not panic ahead of time.

There are usually some problems associated with the letter R.

• The little man does not pronounce the growling sound at all, it simply falls out of his word. This happens when the letter R is located between vowels. For example, a garage sounds like "ga - already".
• The kid replaces the sound P with L, Y or Y. It turns out instead of a rose - “vine”, red - “red”, forty - “soyok”.
• The kid pronounces the sound R, but not the way it should sound in Russian. It either vibrates, like the English, or grasses, which is typical for the French.

So he can track how well he is doing the task.

• Sail. The child needs to open his mouth wide, and lift the tip of the tongue by the upper teeth. The lower part of the tongue is slightly bent forward, and the edges are pressed up to the molars. Repeat this 3 times in a row for 10 seconds.
• Horse. It is necessary to firmly press the tongue to the palate, and then abruptly release it. This will produce a sound reminiscent of the clatter of hooves. Repeat the task at least once.
• Turkey. Depict an angry turkey with a crumb. The child should throw the tongue out of the mouth, sticking it between the teeth. In this case, you need to pronounce sounds similar to “bl-bl”. The task is performed at a slow pace, gradually accelerating it.
• Let's bite the tongue. Stick the end of the tongue out, and stretch the mouth in a smile. Then slowly bite your tongue with your teeth.
• We brush our teeth. The baby needs to smile broadly and move the tip of the tongue along the inner wall of the upper teeth, without moving the lower jaw.
• Who is longer. Invite the baby to compare who has a longer tongue. Will he be able to reach his chin or the tip of his nose with it.
• Woodpecker. You need to open your mouth wide and tap your tongue hard on the inside of the gums near the upper teeth. At this time, you need to say "d-d-d."

We pronounce the letters Z, C and C correctly

When a child does not pronounce the letter C, at the same time he cannot pronounce the other whistling letters and syllables - З, Ц, Зб, СЬ. The reason for this is an underdeveloped articulatory apparatus.

Special exercises will also help to correct the situation.

1. Get the ball into the goal. The purpose of this task is to learn how to release a long directed stream of air. Make a gate out of cubes or other toys on the table. Roll up a loose cotton ball. The kid should, having folded his lips with a tube, blow on the ball and drive it into the gate. When performing the exercise, you can not puff out your cheeks, and the blown air should go in one long stream, without interruptions.
2. Tongue song. Opening the mouth, it is necessary to place the tongue on the lower lip. Then you need to spank with sponges - “pya-pya-pya” (the tongue sings). At the same time, the air comes out in a smooth stream, without interruption. Then, with your mouth wide open, hold the soft tongue on the lower lip so that it does not tuck. It is necessary that the edges of the tongue touch the corners of the mouth.
3. Pancake. It is important to teach the baby to relax the tongue. To do this, he must smile, put the front edge of the tongue on the lower lip. The smile should not be tense, and the tongue should only hang slightly from the sponge.
4. We brush our teeth. The exercise is similar to the task for the letter P, only we will clean not the upper, but the lower teeth.

The letter Z is a pair for the letter C, so they are staging it in the same way as the sound C.

What about K and G?

The sounds K, G and X are posterior lingual, which implies a high rise of the tongue during their pronunciation. When a child does not pronounce these letters, most often his tongue is simply lazy (with the exception of congenital pathologies that only doctors can correct). To make the tongue work, you need to do exercises.

Rolling down the hill. Place a cotton ball on your baby's palm. The kid should slightly open his mouth, and hold the root of the tongue in an elevated position, and lower its tip. Then you need to quickly exhale so as to blow off the cotton wool from the palm of your hand. Get a K sound.

Spoon. Ask your child to slowly say “ta-ta-ta”. Take a teaspoon and carefully move your tongue away by pressing on the front of its back. Instead of “ta”, the crumbs will first get “cha”, and then “kya”. Continuing to put pressure on the tongue, catch the moment when the baby gets a clean “ka”. He needs to remember what position his tongue was in at that moment. Don't worry if it doesn't work right away.

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3 comments:

Not letters, but sounds :-/

they can’t pronounce the letters! It seems like a serious article .... but write this! We read and write letters and pronounce SOUNDS.

why did you two cuckoos come here to teach people or something, the meaning is clear, I think it helped many, nothing to say, go do it with the children

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Speech therapy exercises for children that will teach you to pronounce letters

Is your child having trouble pronouncing different sounds? In this article you will find effective tips and exercises that will help your baby speak correctly.

Reasons for mispronunciation

• One of the most common is the wrong approach of parents to communicate with a child. If dad and mom, grandparents, repeat his childish words after the child, lisp with him, then communication remains at the level of the child. He then does not see an example correct speech. He is not known Right words. Communicate clearly, correct incorrect pronunciation and do not use distorted words in your speech.
• The next reason is violations in the structure of the child's speech apparatus:

a) a short ligament under the tongue, which makes it difficult to move;

b) too big or small size language, which prevents good diction;

c) violations in the structure of the jaw and defects in the structure of the teeth;

d) too thick or thin lips, which makes it difficult to articulate lip sounds.

Doing a relaxing facial massage

In order for the muscles of the face to relax, to relieve tension, do a light facial massage. Do not forget that the child will be more interested when everything looks like an exciting game.

Practicing articulation exercises

Gymnastics must be done with the firstborn in front of the mirror so that he can see all his and your movements. With its help, a preschooler will be able to learn to control the movements of the tongue, lips, jaw. Here are examples of exercises:

• We inflate the cheeks like a balloon;
• We imagine that the tongue is a paint brush. And the mouth is an apartment where it is necessary to make repairs, opening the doors and windows wide (mouth and teeth). We paint with a brush all parts of the apartment (sky, teeth, cheeks, lips;
• We stretch the tongue, trying to reach the nose and beard;
• We stretch the mouth in a smile and hold it for a few seconds;
• We make lips like a fish, silently hitting them against each other.

Learning to pronounce the letter "r"

The biggest problems arise with the pronunciation of r. We give examples of exercises to improve the pronunciation of this sound.

• We make lips into a smile. We put the tongue behind the upper teeth and knock on the tubercles (alveoli), doing the drum exercise. After a few seconds of this exercise, ask the child to blow hard on the tip of the tongue, without stopping tapping the tongue behind the teeth, to make the sound "drrrr".
• Next, we learn to pronounce the sound “r” with a cotton swab or a child’s finger. At the same time, while performing the “drum” exercise, lift the child’s tongue with a cotton or special speech therapy stick to the upper palate, making vibrating movements up and down. Thus, artificially call the sound "r".
• Ask your child to tap his tongue like a horse. To do this, you need to smile broadly, stick the tongue to the upper palate, and then tear it off sharply.

How to pronounce the "l" sound correctly

Very often, children replace "r" with "l", pronouncing "liba" instead of "fish". But there are also curiosities with the wrong setting of the sound “l”, when the baby instead of “boat” pronounces “vodka”. How to teach to speak correctly "l".

• Ask to lightly bite the tip of the tongue between the front teeth and blow on it. Make sure that the air passes along the sides of the tongue, and not directed towards its center. This can be done with a feather. Further, with the tip of the tongue we knock between the front teeth, trying to pronounce the sound “l”.
• Very often it is difficult for children to pronounce the sound “l” separately. To do this, ask the child to bite the tongue and say at first the warehouse “la - la - la - la”, ending with a long “l-l-l”.

Learning to pronounce "s" and "z"

Less common, but still common, when a child does not pronounce the sounds "s", "z", "c". The position of the tongue on whistling sounds is similar to hissing. The lateral edges are pressed against the upper molars, only the tip of the tongue should be narrower and touch the base of the front teeth.

• For a good pronunciation of the sound “s”, do the “rails” exercise with your child. The tip of the tongue should be driven along the base of the teeth from left to right, making the sound "s". The mouth is in a smile. Also play sleeping beauty while saying "shh" all the time. Watch for the correct position of the tongue in the mouth.
• To learn how to pronounce the letter "z", you just need to perform exercises on the sound "s" to raise your voice. Bring the child's hand to the throat and let him feel how the position of the muscles changes when pronouncing the sounds "s" and "z".

Pronounce the letter "h"

It's funny to hear when a kid asks you for tsai instead of tea, as if he comes from China. But you don’t have to laugh for long, because correcting the pronunciation of this sound is very easy.

We reinforce with tongue twisters, poems and games

In order to consolidate the result, after performing articulation gymnastics and exercises, play with your son or daughter. Use words in the game where problematic sounds are needed.

For example, when playing shop, ask to buy you fish, crayfish, rice, rolls or spoons, lemon, etc. Learn special speech therapy verses and tongue twisters.