The fate of the children of F. Scholz after his death. Illegitimate children of Stalin: how was their fate? "Father of Nations" was looking for relatives

Hello dear!
Let's finish today the topic about Vasily Stalin. The previous post can be seen here:
If you follow the official version, on March 14, 1962, Vasily was visited by a certain guest - Major of the Soviet Army Sergei Kakhishvili, one of the teachers of the Ulyanovsk Tank School. After the feast, the guest left, allegedly leaving 6 bottles of red wine and champagne. Vasily Iosifovich allegedly drank alone for another 3 days, after which he died on March 19 at one in the afternoon. Doctors diagnosed him with alcohol poisoning, more precisely "acute heart failure, which developed as a result of pronounced atherosclerosis against the background of alcohol intoxication." There is really one BUT - apparently, there was no autopsy ...
Further it will be interesting to cite the memoirs of Kapitalina Vasilyeva:« I planned to come to Kazan for Vasily's birthday. I thought I'd stay at a hotel, bring something delicious. And suddenly a call: come to bury Vasily Iosifovich Stalin. Came with Sasha and Nadia. Nusberg asked what he died of. He says, they say, the Georgians arrived, they brought a barrel of wine. It was, they say, bad - they gave an injection, then a second one. It twisted, twisted. But this happens with blood clotting. Toxicosis is not corrected with injections, but the stomach is washed. The man lay and suffered for 12 hours - " ambulance“They didn’t even call. I ask why so? Nusberg says that she herself is a doctor and gave him an injection».
Draw your own conclusions...

Vasily shortly before the fall.

In general, many people said that in the last few weeks everyone says that Vasily has passed very badly. Suddenly and abruptly. The son of Alexander and Kapitalina Vasilyeva recalled that Vasily himself complained to his last mistress, the same student Maria, that he was constantly injected with some kind of sleeping pill, which the attending physician prescribed for him. The source, of course, is so-so, but the question arises - why and for what purpose was this sleeping pill injected to him? From ulcers, leg difficulties and a diseased liver, this definitely does not help, but it can cause a bunch of side effects. And in general, what kind of "sleeping pill" was there - a big question.

The photo that was hung on the grave

Vasily Iosifovich was buried on March 21, 1962 at the Arsk cemetery in Kazan. He was several days short of his 41st birthday. In 2002, his coffin was reburied at Troekurovsky cemetery. We can find another interesting evidence of the funeral in the memoirs of Alexander Burdonsky, son of Vasily: "Father was buried without military honors. A lot of people have gathered. The news of the death of Stalin's son quickly spread throughout Kazan. In the crowd at the cemetery, at first I did not see a single military man. Even surprised. And suddenly I noticed such a detail: many men, approaching the coffin, bent low and parted the flaps of their coats. I realized that they were officers, pilots. So they paid tribute to their general... "They say that such a tradition still exists. Officers in orders come to his grave and pay tribute to Vasily Iosifovich, opening their coats on their chests so that they can see shoulder straps and orders, and ask him for a career - in life he almost never and no one did not refuse.
He was a man with a lot of weaknesses, and far from always behaved in a dignified manner. But let's pay tribute to many of his positive qualities - he was true friend, a generous person, the soul of the company, a fair and honest commander and a good organizer. And he was a kind person.

And once again Gela Meskhi in the film "Son of the Leader".

For what he was imprisoned (his sentence was canceled, by the way, by the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office back in 1999) and for what, presumably, he was killed - I do not understand. It is very similar to the petty revenge of sycophants who could not say a word across the Leader of the peoples.
Finally, a few words must be said about Vasily's large family. After all, he had 4 wives and as many as 7 (!) Children.
Galina Burdonskaya lived quite happily in her second marriage, but there were no more children. She died in 1990. Since her marriage with Vasily was not officially terminated, de jure Galina is Stalin's only wife.

Galina Burdonskaya

Yekaterina Timoshenko has never seen happiness in her life. She had a very tense relationship with her daughter, and after the death of her son (I will write about this below), she was left alone in a huge 4-room apartment on Gorky Street, which she was allocated after her divorce from Vasily, instead of a house on Rublevka. In this apartment, Catherine died in 1988. The only people who communicated with her are her half-brother and sister. At death, the apartment was cleaned literally to the bare walls.

As a matter of fact...

Kapitalina Vasilyeva never married again. Until the end of her life, she lived in a small apartment, which she received through the efforts of Bulganin in 1947, when she turned to him. Died in 2006 in the arms of her daughter
Maria Nusberg died in 2002 and was buried at Troekurovsky. Vasily was also laid next to him, having transferred his ashes from Kazan.
Now about children.
Son Alexander Burdonsky is still alive. He changed his surname at the insistence of his mother at the age of 13. After graduating from the Suvorov School, where his father sent him (against his will, to be honest), he entered and graduated with honors from the directing department of GITIS. For a long time already serving in CAT Russian Army. Honored Art Worker, and in 1996 he was awarded the title of People's Artist. He was married and happily. But there are no children. A worthy man, but this burden of power hung on him too. His words are known: Being a grandson of Stalin is a heavy cross. Never for any money will I go to play Stalin in the cinema, although they promised huge profits».

Alexander Burdonsky

Nadezhda Stalina entered the Moscow Art Theater School to Oleg Efremov, but did not graduate. She left for her grandfather's homeland in Gori, where she was in great respect, but then moved to Moscow. Married toactor of the Moscow Art Theater Mikhail Fadeev, adopted son of the writer A. Fadeev. The marriage was not very successful, although in 1977 the couple had a daughter, Anastasia.Hope died in 1999.
Svetlana Stalina was born a sick person - she had Graves' disease. In her youth, she was declared mentally incompetent, and her mother, Yekaterina Timoshenko, did not want to become her guardian. Mother Svetlana did not forgive and no longer communicated with her until the end of her life. She died in 1990

Vasily Vasilyevich has always been a very problematic boy. Highly. His mother sent him to study at Tbilisi University at the Faculty of Law, and it turned out fatal mistake. Stalin's grandson in Tbilisi, can you imagine what it was? In the end, everything ended very badly. His mother pulled him back to Moscow - but it was too late - he was a chronic alcoholic and drug addict. He died of a heroin overdose in 1972 at the age of 23.
But Lina (from Kapitolina), Tatyana and Lyudmila (from Maria) adopted by him are quite worthy people. Live right and seriously. And everyone has the last name Dzhugashvili.
That, in fact, is all that I wanted to tell you about Vasily Stalin.
But with the children of the Leader of the peoples, we have not finished yet ....
To be continued...
Have a nice day!

The family tragedy of Joseph Stalin, according to researchers, was the reason that the character of an already tough and suspicious person finally turned to the dark side.

Stalin had three children, to whom he treated differently. Yakov Iosifovich Dzhugashvili was the son of Ekaterina Svanidze, he was born in 1908, a month later his mother died. Yakov did not evoke special paternal feelings in Stalin. Nadezhda Alliluyeva, Stalin's second wife, treated Yakov with warmth. Perceiving her location in his own way, he seems to have fallen in love with his stepmother, who was only 7 years older than him, and then tried to shoot himself. Iosif Vissarionovich sneered: “Ha! Missed". Stalin did not like literally everything in his son: his character, his wife, his studies ...

In agreement with his father, Yakov graduated from the Institute of Railway Engineers, worked at the power plant. Stalin, then entered the Artillery Academy, where he was one of the best, went into the army when the war began, received the rank of captain. Contemporaries remember him as modest, laconic, smart person, a chess lover who found it extremely difficult to find friends - everyone was afraid to get involved with Stalin's son.

Jacob was at the front almost immediately. During the fighting, part of it was surrounded three times. For the third time, Yakov, the battery commander, was unable to withdraw his soldiers from the encirclement and was taken prisoner. Before that, he tried to get through to his own, burned documents, changed into peasant clothes, but this did not save him. During interrogation, he honestly admitted that “the division in which he was enrolled and which was considered good, in reality turned out to be completely unprepared for war, a complete mess, the command is no good (stupid actions - units were sent directly under fire).” He did not want the Germans to use even his photographs for their own purposes, as he was well aware that his captivity could be used in agitation against Soviet power. During interrogations, he never spoke badly about the Soviet system and homeland. He even admitted: “I am ashamed in front of my father that I survived.”

Yakov was placed in a concentration camp for officers. There he worked as a bone carver, cut chess, tobacco pipes ... Svetlana Alliluyeva, Stalin's daughter, says that the Germans offered Stalin to exchange Yakov for one of the major German officials, but he refused. “I don’t change field marshals for privates,” Stalin snapped about the German proposal to exchange his son Yakov, who was captured, for Field Marshal Paulus.

However, according to Dolores Ibarruri, in 1942 a special group was transferred across the front line with the task of releasing Yakov Dzhugashvili from the concentration camp. Obviously, leading role it was not paternal feelings that played here, but considerations of a different nature. The son of Stalin in the hands of the Germans turned into a strong propaganda trump card. The sent group perished.

During the years of captivity, Yakov went through the camps of Hammelburg, Lübeck, Sachsenhausen. The Germans tried to disguise the fact of the execution of Yakov Stalin under a nervous attack: he allegedly threw himself on high-voltage wires, and they shot at him later. At the end of 1943, Yakov was shot in the head. Perhaps he was trying to escape, or accidentally wandered over the barrier line. He hung on the wire for a day, until Himmler ordered the body to be taken to the crematorium.

Vasily, the son of Joseph Stalin and Nadezhda Alliluyeva, was born on March 21, 1921. He grew up as a mischievous boy, for him there was only one authority - his father, who, however, had little time to educate and communicate with children. He wrote to the teachers more than once: “Do not give free rein to Vasya and be strict with him. If Vasya does not obey the nanny or offends her, put him in blinkers.

He gave this characterization to his son (not every father would dare to admit this): “Vasily is a spoiled young man of average ability, a savage (like a Scythian!), Not always truthful, likes to blackmail weak “leaders”, often impudent, with a weak, or rather - disorganized will. He was spoiled by all sorts of "gossips" and "gossips" who kept emphasizing that he was "Stalin's son".

The habits of childhood were firmly entrenched in the character of Vasily, whom even his father called "barchuk". In 1938, he entered the Kachin Aviation School (he wanted to become an artilleryman, but his father said that one was enough in the family), there they immediately began to make indulgences for him: they settled him not in a hostel, but in a hotel, cooked food separately (Vasily used this and ordered such dishes that the local chef had no idea about).

Vasily Stalin received good performance, in which it was emphasized that he enjoys authority among the cadets, is accommodating, likes to fly, but argued with the foreman, restless.

At the age of twenty he went to the front with the rank of captain. During the war he made 27 sorties; shot down 1 plane and was awarded three Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov II degree and Alexander Nevsky. In 1942 he was promoted to the rank of colonel, in 1946 - major general, in 1947 - lieutenant general. Stalin “taught” his son more than once: he removed him from the post of regiment commander for drunkenness. He ended the war as commander of a fighter aviation division. In 1947, Vasily Stalin was appointed commander of the Air Force of the Moscow Military District. By that time, he was already ill with alcoholism and did not participate in flights himself. Vasily had a new hobby: he established teams of "pilots" in football and hockey, provided the Air Force athletes with a generous financial assistance. In the early 1950s, on his orders, the construction of a sports center began in the Leningradsky district of Moscow. Stalin himself removed him from his post after May 1, 1952, by order of Vasily, planes flew over Red Square and several of them crashed.

After the death of the “leader of the peoples”, he was summoned to the then Minister of Defense Bulganin and offered to leave Moscow to command one of the districts. Vasily Stalin did not obey the order and took off his shoulder straps. He was arrested on April 28, 1953 after a stormy feast with the British, to whom he allegedly told a lot of interesting Kremlin secrets. Son former leader accused of making slanderous statements aimed at discrediting party leaders. In addition, in the course of the investigation, facts of abuse of official position, assault, intrigues, as a result of which people died, surfaced. Vasily Stalin was sentenced to eight years in prison for anti-Soviet propaganda and abuse of power.

Vasily agreed with the accusation in the part that concerned abuses and embezzlement, but not for the purpose of personal enrichment. He did not attribute the maintenance of two horses and a barnyard at the state expense, the construction of a road to his dacha to this. On the other hand, he admitted that he spent several million rubles on re-equipping the building of the Central Airport for headquarters, in November 1951 he planned to build a 50-meter swimming pool on the same territory, supported the sports teams he created (football, hockey, equestrian, speed skating, cycling, basketball , gymnastics, swimming, etc.) The number of all teams was more than 300 people, their maintenance took more than 5 million rubles a year. The Park of Culture and Leisure on the Leningrad Highway was transferred to the Air Force, sports halls, an arena were built there, now it is a CSKA sports complex. At the trial, Vasily Stalin himself denied any opposition, while statements of a terrorist nature consisted in the fact that Stalin's son once said in his hearts: "Killing Bulganin is not enough."

From the memoirs of former employees of the Vladimir Central: “He was kept with us as Vasilyev Vasily Pavlovich. His registration card does not indicate either the time or place of birth, or profession, or article, or term. Only the date of arrest is April 28, 1953. He appeared in the Vladimir prison in January 1956, accompanied by two colonels. He was dressed in a flight leather jacket with fur. He walked with a beautiful wooden cane. The head of the prison himself arranged for his arrival, which was completely out of shape. He, of course, created special conditions of detention.

For example, a plank floor was laid in his solitary cell, a radio was placed there, and flowers were placed. The health of the newly arrived prisoner turned out to be unimportant, he even moved around the cell with his stick, complained about his eyes and liver. And therefore the head of the prison medical unit often came to him ...

Vasily Stalin was sure that he owed the arrest to Lavrenty Beria, whom he openly hated. As for Khrushchev, he only supported him, because he believed that Beria was guilty of all the crimes (“It was not revenge for something, someone, but it was a big act of political significance ...” (From a letter to Khrushchev). "Prison," wrote Vasily Stalin, "made me look into my own sins, knocked down my arrogance. I was able to soberly assess the life I had passed and think about the future. After all, I'm only 35 years old. 17 years in the army, 16 years in the party, and sunk to such a position ... Most of all, I am guilty before my father and the party." He justified Khrushchev, but could not forgive his sister, who "refused her father." Vasily swore to renounce his father. Khrushchev was informed of a critical state of health " iron mask and hinted that his death in prison could have unwanted political outcry. Nikita Sergeevich invited the descendant of the leader debunked by him to a reception, returned the title, awards, and pension. At the meeting, they say, both cried.

But Vasily did not have long to be free. Someone at the top did not like the behavior of the former general in the wild, and they decided there - let him sit some more. His daughter Nadezhda Vasilievna, in connection with the new arrest of her father, said: “Two and a half months after the prison on the Arbat, Vasily Stalin had a road accident. She was empty. Only cars were damaged. But he was taken to Lefortovo. And then they were exiled to Kazan.

After his release, Vasily was forbidden to live in Moscow and Georgia. He chose Kazan as his place of residence, where he died on March 19, 1962, according to doctors, from alcohol poisoning. He suffered from a stomach ulcer, vasoconstriction of the legs and complete exhaustion.

In 1999, the Main Military Prosecutor's Office sent a protest to the Supreme Court of Russia against the verdict passed in 1955 on Vasily Stalin. Having studied the judicial and investigative materials, the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office came to the conclusion that the verdict of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR should be changed, removing all political charges from Vasily Stalin under the "anti-Soviet" article.

The military collegium, having rehabilitated Stalin's son for a political crime, nevertheless found him guilty of a military crime, reclassifying Art. 193-17 from paragraph "b" to paragraph "a", that is, recognizing it as less serious. The military collegium ruled that Vasily Stalin's accusations of negligence and abuse of office were not unfounded. This, as well as the fact that Stalin himself removed Vasily from his post three times and put him in a guardhouse, is confirmed by many witnesses.

“Stop slinging mud at our family. All charges must be dropped,” said Yevgeny Dzhugashvili, grandson of Joseph Stalin. In his opinion, Vasily Stalin is absolutely innocent. However, the son of Anastas Mikoyan did not agree with him and suggested that today they are trying to present Vasily Stalin in exceptionally rosy colors, while in life he was far from an impeccable person and committed many vile deeds.

Stalin's favorite was his daughter - Svetlana Alliluyeva. In letters, she called her father nothing more than "dear daddy." She is the only one who at first justified her father's hopes - she always studied well, received an excellent certificate. But he was annoyed by the way she dressed, he forbade her to wear socks and short skirts.

Svetlana's first romance happened at school - with Alexei Kapler, who was then 40 years old. He brought up her artistic taste, introduced her to good poetry and literature. Stalin did not approve of this novel. Soon Kapler left as a special correspondent for Stalingrad (it was 1942). In Pravda, his article was published under the title “Letter from Lieutenant L. from Stalingrad,” in which the hero addresses his beloved girl. When he returned to Moscow, Svetlana asked him not to look for meetings with her anymore. However, the first one called him, and they started dating again: going to the cinema, theaters. In the end, on the orders of Vlasik Kapler, they arrested him, accusing him of having connections with foreigners. Stalin tried to convince Svetlana that Alexei Yakovlevich was an English spy, which, of course, she did not believe. Then he said that it was impossible to love her because of her high birth.

A year later, Svetlana married a friend of her brother Vasily - Grigory Morozov. Stalin allowed this marriage to take place, although he also did not approve of it, and it soon broke up. But of the eight grandchildren, Stalin knew and saw only three - Svetlana's children and Yakov's daughter (Gul's granddaughter evoked tenderness in him, and Svetlana's first son, half Jewish, - love).

The second husband of Svetlana was the son of Andrei Zhdanov, Yuri. Svetlana ended up in a house where "formal, sanctimonious party spirit was combined with the most terrifying womanish philistinism." Soon, according to her expression, she could not breathe, and she left with two children in her arms. Then she had an affair with her second cousin Dzhonik Svanidze.

Svetlana's third husband was an elderly Indian, an aristocrat Raj Bridge Singh. They met in the Kremlin hospital, he soon died in Russia. Alliluyeva began to fight to be allowed to take her husband's ashes home, then asked for permission to stay in India for more long term, and then asked for asylum in the English embassy. In the West, she published several books of memoirs about her father. Having settled in the USA, she married the architect Peters, gave birth to a daughter, Olga, divorced him and left for England, and then returned to the USSR, but was not forgiven either by her neighbors or distant relatives, did not feel the gratitude of her former compatriots and again went to live in England, but already in a municipal nursing home.

Konstantin Stepanovich Kuzakov was the most modest and probably the happiest son of Stalin, because he never sought to take advantage of his position. He grew up without the participation of his father and found out about his relationship with the leader only when he matured. His mother was a petty-bourgeois Maria Prokopievna, with whom Stalin lodged in Solvychegodsk in tsarist exile. The father hardly remembered his illegitimate son, but Kuzakov was always lucky in his career. His modest behavior and unwillingness to draw attention to himself as the son of Stalin, probably helped him live to an advanced age without poverty.

Kuzakov graduated from the Leningrad Financial and Economic Institute, worked there as a teacher, lecturer at the Leningrad Regional Party Committee, then in Moscow, and after joining the CPSU in 1939, he rose to the head of the Propaganda and Agitation Department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Kuzakov was treated well by Stalin's assistant Poskrebyshev, who gave him his father's personal instructions. Once he literally overslept the meeting organized by Poskrebyshev with Stalin. Kuzakov was tired, fell asleep after work, and did not hear either the turntable or the telephone. Stalin no longer needed to meet with his son. As Kuzakov himself believed, Iosif Vissarionovich did not want to make a tool out of his son in the hands of intriguers.

In 1947, Kuzakov was expelled from the party: this was a punishment for the fact that he once vouched for his deputy Boris Suchkov, who was declared a spy. Subsequently, Suchkov was rehabilitated. Kuzakov got off with little bloodshed - he was removed from all posts. This was an episode of the struggle between Beria and Zhdanov, who was in charge of Agitprop. It turns out that Stalin himself stood up for Kuzakov, Beria sought his arrest in the case of atomic espionage.

The crown of Konstantin Stepanovich's career was the post of Deputy Minister of Cinematography of the USSR, then there was work in senior positions on television. Under him, the Main Editorial Board of the literary and dramatic programs of the Central Television became elitist, his subordinates loved him, he was a smart and intelligent leader.

There is also a rumor about a certain teacher from Turukhansk who wrote a letter to Lenin's secretariat demanding payment of an allowance for her son, born of Stalin. Perhaps this is confirmation of the existence of another child of the exiled Dzhugashvili, or this letter was sent to Kuzakova.

Artem Fedorovich Sergeev - the son of the famous revolutionary Artem - after the death of his father was adopted by Stalin. In fact, his father's name was Fedor Andreevich Sergeev, Artem is his party nickname. In 1905, he led an armed uprising of workers in Kharkov, was in hard labor in Siberia, from where he fled to Australia, and in 1917 returned to Russia. He headed the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Republic, the Moscow party organization. He died in the year of his son's birth (1921) in a railway accident.

Artyom became an artilleryman, graduated from the Mikhailovsky Artillery School in 1940, and ended the war as a brigade commander. He was in captivity (1941), from where he managed to escape. In 1954 he graduated from the Academy of the General Staff, became a major general, since 1981 retired.

Iosif Vissarionovich treated Artyom very warmly. For example, in 1928, on the book Robinson Crusoe, he wrote: “To my friend Tomik. With a wish for him to grow up as a Conscious, Persistent and fearless Bolshevik. I. Stalin.

Perhaps Stalin still had children. The Moscow correspondent of The Sunday Times newspaper was able to find three people who claim that their father is Joseph Stalin. However, this information needs verification and proof.

Stalin's children did not choose their father, but they were part of this family - and lived under the control and cold cruelty of the most odious tyrant in the history of the USSR.

Stalin's son - Yakov Stalin

Stalin changed after the death of his first wife Ekaterina. At her funeral, he said: "My last warm feelings for humanity died with her." He became colder, more irritable, and moved away from Jacob. Stalin did not become softer even after his marriage to Nadezhda Alliluyeva. At times, life with a tyrant became so unbearable that Nadezhda left for her parents. She took the children with her, but left Ekaterina's son Yakov alone with his father's drunken anger.

Life with Stalin was so unbearable that in 1930, left alone in an apartment, Yakov shot himself in the chest. He was taken to the hospital, where doctors saved his life. Stalin was called to look at his son, whom he drove to suicide. The father said, "He can't even shoot accurately." When the Great Patriotic War began, Yakov was sent to the front. In the forty-first year he was taken prisoner. To torture Stalin, the Germans sent him a photograph of his captured son. However, Stalin had already issued a decree by that time, according to which everyone who surrendered was accused of malicious desertion, and his family was to be arrested - and did not provide for exceptions for his own family.

When the second World War came to an end, Hitler tried to negotiate the exchange of Jacob for the German Marshal Friedrich Paulus. Stalin had the opportunity to save his son, but he did not. “I will not change the marshal for a lieutenant,” he replied. Jacob's father left him to die in a German concentration camp. There, his only friends were other prisoners, many of whom were Poles. Jacob's situation in the camp worsened after it was revealed that his father had killed 15,000 Polish officers at Katyn. Yakov was hounded by the guards and despised by the prisoners. Deprived of hope, he approached a live barbed wire fence, caught hold of it and died.

While Yakov was a prisoner of the Germans, Stalin arrested his wife Yulia, who was then sent to the Gulag. He finally said goodbye to Yakov: intelligence confirmed the fact of death and even sent a protocol of interrogation of the Frenchman, who toiled with Yakov in the camp. He reported that Stalin's son did not lose his honor and spoke to the eyes of the enemies that the Soviet Union would win. This was the only act of Jacob that made his father proud of him.

Stalin's daughter Svetlana was seventeen years old when she met the 38-year-old director Alexei Kapler. Stalin did not like Kapler at all, he was angry. Telephone conversations Svetlana and Alexei were auditioned, and then Kapler was exiled to the Gulag, where he spent ten years. The second lover of Svetlana was her classmate at Moscow State University Grigory Morozov. Young people got married, Svetlana gave birth to a child, but Stalin never met his son-in-law. Over time, the marriage of Svetlana and Gregory broke up. This time, in an effort to please her father, she married the son of one of his confidants, but there was no difference in the reaction. He still did not notice his daughter.

After divorcing Grigory Morozov, Svetlana moved to the Kremlin. She was still lonely, somewhat repeating her father's loneliness. But this young woman wanted love. She really liked Beria's son, Sergo. Stalin saw her husband as her son Zhdanov, Yuri. The Zhdanovs came from a different cultural background. The great-grandfather of a member of the Politburo was the rector of the Theological Academy, his father was the master of the Theological Academy; There were several university professors in the Zhdanov family. Andrey Alexandrovich himself was widely an educated person who believed in the ideals of communism. Stalin treated him very cordially.

In the spring of 1949, Svetlana married thirty-year-old Yuri Zhdanov, head of the science sector of the Central Committee, and moved into his family against Stalin's desire for the children to live with him in the Middle Dacha. Svetlana, unlike Vasily, has not yet lost her emotional attachment to her father, but all the time she balanced in the dangerous proximity of a gap. Later, Svetlana confessed to her friend: "My father completely lost interest in me."

Svetlana called her father a "moral and spiritual monster" and hated him. She did not accept the path along which the country was moving. In 1967, Svetlana decided to escape, and chose the United States for emigration. In front of the New York crowd, Svetlana declared: "I came here in search of self-expression, which was not available to me for many years in Russia." The main source of income during emigration for Svetlana was literary activity. The status of the daughter of the “Leader of the Peoples” ensured her memoirs a colossal success behind the “Iron Curtain”. According to some reports, her first book, Twenty Letters to a Friend, brought her about two and a half million dollars.

She was unable to take her children with her, but in 1984 she visited the Soviet Union to see them. She then returned to the US and died there in 2011 at the age of 85. As the last living member of the Stalin family, living in a country that was the enemy of the Soviet leader, Svetlana found in America the freedom she had been waiting for all her life. A year before her death, she told a reporter, "I'm so happy here."

Stalin's favorite son, according to Svetlana, was Vasily. Here he was given special attention. After Yakov was captured, Vasily was returned home to save Stalin from losing another son. Vasily became an object of hunting for the Germans. On the one hand, as the son of a rival leader, he could not but become an important “target” for the German troops. On the other hand, Vasily caused considerable problems for the enemy, having made 26 sorties and shot down several aircraft.

Vasily married early. In 1941, a boy, Sasha, was born to him, and in 1943, a girl, Nadya. His job description states that he is a good pilot, a brave man, but unrestrained, he can even afford a fight with NKVD workers. In early 1946, Vasily married again, the daughter of Marshal Timoshenko.

Vasily Stalin was one of the symbols of the Stalin era. The era will end - symbols will be thrown out. The rebellious, generous, extravagant, loving young man, even after becoming the commander of the aviation of the Moscow Military District, did not calm down. It remains only to guess when he will grow up. In the meantime, Stalin tolerated his son's art, especially since there were no complaints against Vasily in the service, on the contrary, the MVO aviation became the best in the army.

Growing up, Vasily began to use his status. He used his position to gain additional privileges. Stalin ordered his subordinates not to show special treatment for Vasily, but his son was still in a special position. In 1950, when Vasily was in charge of the Soviet hockey team, the plane with all the hockey players crashed. The accident killed all eleven players and eight people accompanying them. Vasily was horrified, imagining what his father could do to him. He instantly replaced the entire team, banned public funds mass media talk about the crash and tried to pretend that nothing happened.

But still, to some extent, Vasily realized the expectation a better life characteristic of post-war society. In Stalin's relationship with his son, this circumstance must be taken into account, otherwise how to explain the fact that in 1949 Vasily became a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, headed the USSR Equestrian Federation. The leader expected his son to live up to his expectations. Is it possible to say that Vasily, breaking out of the general outline, rebelled? Exactly. Deviation from generally accepted norms - this is a rebellion. Major General Stalin was outside the system, opposed himself to society not at the level of ideas, but at the level of everyday life, love relationships, sports.

From time to time, the leader seemed to look back and notice his children somewhere on the outskirts of the empire, send them some kind of sign, and they were again lost behind his global problems and wars. Only once in 1952, when the USSR first participated in Olympic Games, which took place in Helsinki, he entrusted his son with a serious political task. But Vasily did not cope with it. The Soviet team did not overtake the American team, as expected, but only shared the first and second places with it, and the football team, composed mainly of the players from the VVS club, lost to the Yugoslav team. Stalin took this as a personal insult. "The army that lost the banner should be disbanded," he said, and Vasily's team was disbanded.

In general, unpleasant things happened among the youth. The boys and girls who grew up in the strict and sublime environment of the war years had special hopes and visions for the future. Real everyday life, with its economic difficulties and strict ideological control that touches their spiritual freedom, seemed, if not hostile, then accidental or erroneous. No, they were not anti-Soviet, they wanted improvement. Therefore, more than a dozen young people were in the field of view of both party organs and state security. The authorities fought, up to criminal prosecution, with any attempts to deviate from the "main path".

Vasily knew that he was not popular. He understood that, having lost the patronage of his father, he could be in trouble - and he was right. Stalin died in 1953, and immediately after his death, Vasily was imprisoned on charges of misappropriation of state property. Khrushchev released him in 1960, but a year later Vasily returned to jail again due to an incident on the road. When he left, he was immediately exiled to Kazan. Soon after, Vasily died - alone, despised by everyone in his country, consumed by illnesses caused by years of chronic alcoholism.

Biography of the adopted son Artem Sergeev

Stalin's adopted son Artem got his name in honor of the underground nickname of his father, the revolutionary Fyodor Sergeev. “Artem” died shortly after the birth of his son, and he was brought up in the Stalin family along with other children. The war left a lot of things for Artem Sergeev to remember, namely the traces of 24 wounds, as well as more than 20 awards and medals. Among the wounds there were two very serious ones, and among the medals - "For military merit", "For the defense of Stalingrad", "For the capture of Koenigsberg" and others.

Artyom was severely beaten by the war. Back in the winter of 1941, near Moscow, his right hand was almost torn off by an explosive bullet, but the great surgeon Alexander Nikolaevich Bakulev sewed it back on. After a bayonet blow to the stomach, he was saved by the surgeon Vishnevsky. Then Artyom fought again, was taken prisoner for several days, escaped from execution, partisans in Belarusian forests, then fought again in active army. Got three more wounds. In 1945, at the age of 24, he became a lieutenant colonel, commander of an artillery brigade.

Artem was much more serious than Vasily. He studied at the Artillery Academy, where, despite his best efforts, the professors were often dissatisfied with his knowledge. The young front-line soldier was very worried until it turned out that he was suffering because of Stalin: he ordered to be “stricter” with the pupil. Artyom became Major General only in 1957. Stalin had two illegitimate children.

In the winter of 1910, while in exile in Solvychegodsk, Koba stayed at the house of the widow Matryona Kuzakova. Solvychegodsk, this godforsaken little town, in those years was the "center of revolutionary life": there were 450 exiles for two thousand of its inhabitants. The young woman Matryona lost her husband on Japanese war and raised several children alone. To earn money for the needs of the family, she rented rooms to exiles.

Koba lodged with Matryona for six months. In the summer of 1910 he was transferred to Vologda, and he never saw Matryona again. And she soon allegedly had a black-haired boy. In metrics, he was recorded by Konstantin Kuzakov. The fate of the poor widow's son turned out like in a fairy tale. After school, on a Komsomol ticket, he easily entered the Leningrad Institute of Finance and Economics. Over time, he graduated from graduate school and became a teacher. And then he was transferred to work in Moscow, in the apparatus of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Konstantin Kuzakov occupied high positions all his life, corresponding to the rank of deputy minister, he was the director of the publishing house Art, the head of a department in the Ministry of Culture, and the deputy head of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company.

Konstantin never communicated with Stalin. But when in 1947 the threat of reprisals hung over him, the "father" saved him. Beria insisted on the arrest of Kuzakov (who was even temporarily expelled from the party and removed from work), but Stalin said: "I see no reason for Kuzakov's arrest." And Konstantin's career went uphill again, and it did not stop even after Stalin's death.

Konstantin Kuzakov revealed the secret of his origin only in 1996. He gave the only interview to the Arguments and Facts newspaper, where he said that since childhood he knew who his real father was ...

Alexander Davydov

Life did not indulge the second applicant for the sons of the leader. His name was Alexander Davydov, he was born in 1917 in the village of Kureika, Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Here, in a remote corner of the taiga, Iosif Dzhugashvili was sent in 1913, to the last - the sixth in a row - exile. There was no way to escape from here. In Kureika there were eight houses and several dozen inhabitants who hunted and fished. The climate here was harsh, and the inhabitants of Kureika did not engage in gardening.

Joseph was treated well in the village: after all, not a murderer, but a political one. Koba quickly fit into the simple life here. He lived in an apartment in the house of the Pereprygins - growing children left without parents. With one of the orphans - 14-year-old Lida Pereprygina - Joseph allegedly began a relationship. When it became clear that the sister was expecting a child, Lida's brothers nearly hacked Joseph to death with an axe.

Joseph returned to the village only when the gendarmes found him, hiding in the forest. The exile was pressed against the wall. They left him only after he promised to marry the girl. However, the wedding never happened: Joseph received a summons to the front (there was the First World War). In the meantime, he was getting to the front from his wilderness, a revolution took place in Russia, after which much changed in the fate of Koba.

In Kureika, meanwhile, the failed wife Lida gave birth to a son, Sasha. He was soon adopted by a local fisherman, Yakov Davydov, whom Lydia married. Together they gave birth to more children. At first, according to Lydia, she received letters from Joseph. And then there was silence. There were rumors in the village that Dzhugashvili had died at the front. And only in the 20s someone brought a woman a newspaper with a photograph of her former boyfriend. So she knew that Joseph had become a great man.

According to rumors, in the 1920s, "people" from Stalin came to Lidia, who offered to take the child to Moscow, to her father, but she allegedly refused to give her son. Alexander graduated from a communications technical school and worked as a radio operator before the war. After the war, which he went from bell to bell, he was in charge of a canteen in Novokuznetsk. Passed away in 1987.

The fact that his father is Stalin, Alexander supposedly knew. And he told his children about it. Including the eldest son, Yuri Alexandrovich. "Stalin's grandson" came to Moscow on the TV show "Live", where he announced that he was a close relative of Stalin. DNA examination, which was carried out at the request of television people, showed that the engineer from Novokuznetsk is 99.99 percent a relative of the leader.

In Russian literature, Stalin's children have long turned into stilted characters. At the mention of Yakov, they immediately remember that he is the same soldier whom the stern father, according to legend, refused to exchange for the captured Field Marshal Paulus. And at the same time, every time he is portrayed as a gloomy and narrow-minded neurasthenic.

Vasily Stalin was more fortunate: most often he appears before readers in the role of a world guy who was ruined by vodka and sycophants. AT last years Konstantin Kuzakov also became a historical character. And people who never knew him write utter nonsense about him.

And what were they really like? Their lives were by no means fabulous. Just like in a fairy tale, Stalin had three of them ...

Senior: cloudy Yakov

Probably, Stalin's firstborn brought him the most worries. The fact that Yakov Dzhugashvili was not a very sociable person was said many times. And why, in fact, would he be a different person? Mother, the beautiful Ekaterina Svanidze, died when he was less than a month old. His revolutionary father had no time for him, and the boy was brought up by relatives. The son, who grew up far from him, could not find mutual understanding with his father.

“Yasha was good-looking, women really liked him. I myself was in love with him,” recalled the granddaughter of Maxim Gorky Marfa Peshkova. “A boy with a very gentle swarthy face, on which black eyes with a golden gleam attract attention. Thin, rather miniature, similar, as I heard, to my dead mother. Very gentle in manner. His father severely punishes him, beats him”

At 18, Yakov married 16-year-old Zoya Gunina, but Stalin forced him to dissolve the marriage. The son tried to shoot himself. His father did not even visit him in the hospital, but at the meeting he contemptuously threw: “He! Missed"…

But much more about his relationship with his father says a note that Stalin wrote to his second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva, after the suicide attempt: “Tell Yasha from me that he acted like a hooligan and blackmailer, with whom I have and cannot have anything more Let him live where he wants and with whom he wants." Save after such a mental health under the force of a few. But Jacob succeeded. He was not a pathologically closed person.

Then Yakov became close to a student from Uryupinsk, Olga Golysheva, who studied in Moscow at an aviation technical school. Stalin again objected, as a result, Golysheva went home, where on January 10, 1936 she gave birth to a son. Two years later, Yakov insisted that the boy be given the surname “Dzhugashvili” and given the relevant documents, but his father did not allow him to go to Uryupinsk.

Yakov to the right of Stalin

Some time ago, I tracked down people who were studying at the same time as Yakov at the Moscow Electromechanical Institute of Transport Engineers (MEMIIT). It was a miracle in itself to find people studying with the "cloudy man," as they called him, more than six decades ago.

“Yasha was very laconic,” Anatoly Vasilyevich Yegorov told me. “And it was understandable. Everyone just looked into his mouth. They were waiting for what he would say on any occasion. After all, it was Stalin’s son who spoke. "we can't reach us. So he tried to speak less. He tried with all his might not to stand out, but whatever you say, you can't cover a man with a hat. Everyone knew who he was and who his father was. Akhali, they compared him to portraits of Stalin. Calling him a copy of his father was difficult, but the resemblance was striking."

The institute authorities treated him accordingly. Everyone remembers the only performance of Yakov at the trade union activists in the large hall of MEMIIT. The meeting, as usual in those days, was stormy. Chairman student trade union committee in his hearts he told the director of the institute, Bocharov, that if he knew how Bocharov-associate professor (that is, the same director) lectures, he would certainly have kicked him out on the same day.

Serious passions flared up, and it almost came to political accusations. And suddenly Yakov Dzhugashvili asked for the floor. Witnesses recall that in his speech there was "great spiritual strength and persuasiveness, although he spoke calmly, quietly and briefly."

“He spoke about the low level of requirements for both students and teachers,” Yegorov said. “That the management does not listen to critical articles in our Dzerzhinets newspaper. He said that the cultural level of the institute’s graduates is insufficient for graduate engineers. students with free tickets to the theaters for their academic achievements, because after graduating from college, many people leave the capital without ever seeing a single performance.

Everyone liked his performance. He was applauded. Even Nikolai Filippovich Bocharov got through. He even promised to think about it. The tension subsided, and the authorities saluted, and soon we ended up in the Moscow Art Theater.

Classmates recalled that Yakov was always dressed very modestly. And in everything else, he also tried not to stand out: “No one has ever seen him driving up to the institute by car. He always came to classes on foot from the Belorussky railway station. about this. Yasha maintained completely equal relations with all the students of our course. And he was extremely tactful with all teachers and students. "

However, the desire to communicate closely with Yakov was not among classmates either. "We all considered him a comrade," Yegorov recalled, "but hardly any of the students could call him a friend." And it wasn't about fear. Those who decided to get close to Yakov Dzhugashvili began to look askance student community: they say, through the son of the leader, he is trying to make a career. Things got to the point that Yakov found chess partners not without difficulty. According to the recollections of classmates, he had an accurate and organized mind and played at a fairly high level.

Apparently, thanks to this quality, he was one of the best students of the Artillery Academy, which he entered after MEMIIT. This was probably one of the few periods in Yakov's life when his father was pleased with him. But it only lasted a few months. In May 1941, Yakov Dzhugashvili graduated from the academy, and on July 16 he was taken prisoner. And again became a severe headache for my father.

Yakov Dzhugashvili in captivity

The exact circumstances of the capture of Senior Lieutenant Dzhugashvili are unlikely to ever be fully clarified. It is known that, once surrounded, he changed into peasant clothes and destroyed his documents.

Probably, we will never know the main thing: why Yakov was captured. One of the military historians, who did not want his name to be mentioned in the press, told me that he carefully studied the course of hostilities of the 14th howitzer regiment of the 14th tank division, the 6th battery in which Yakov Dzhugashvili commanded. And he got the feeling that one of the commanders deliberately "surrendered" Jacob as a prisoner.

The orders were given in such a way that his battery was constantly lagging behind the main forces of the regiment, and he twice had to withdraw his fighters from the encirclement. And after the first case, Yakov should have been removed from the front line. But for the third time, Yakov Dzhugashvili failed to get out of the encirclement.

Yakov Dzhugashvili in captivity

Of course, this is just a version. But who knows, were there among the command staff those who wanted to take revenge on Stalin? In any case, there is abundant evidence that Stalin was anxiously awaiting information about how his son behaved in captivity. More than once or twice, information appeared that some special groups were being equipped to free Yakov from a German concentration camp.

But until there was concrete evidence, this can also be considered one of the legends about Stalin and his family. There is no doubt that Yakov Dzhugashvili died on April 14, 1943. According to official German documents, he did not obey the sentry and threw himself on the barbed wire, which was energized. There are many versions explaining the reasons for this act.

According to one of them, Jacob was broken by a quarrel with English campmates. According to another, he learned that his father said that there are no Russian prisoners of war, there are only traitors.

Be that as it may, Jacob did not cease to be a problem for his father even after his death. At the end of 1945, a certain Yakov Dzhugashvili showed up in a camp for displaced persons in Switzerland. He told some stories about his life in the Kremlin and attracted the close attention of the security services. Including the Soviet ones.

Stalin was informed about his unexpectedly resurrected son. No one doubted that an impostor had appeared in Switzerland. By that time, documents and witnesses to Yakov's death had been found. However, "Smersh" was instructed to prepare an operation to deliver the false Jacob to the USSR.

I have been told more than once that Colonel General Abakumov, the head of Smersh, with all his brilliant scent as a detective, preferred extremely simple operational combinations. So in the case of the fake Dzhugashvili, Abakumov did not particularly philosophize. He ordered the preparation of the Li-2 transport aircraft and the legend of its flight to Switzerland.

German leaflet from 1941 using Jacob for propaganda purposes

The crew under the guise of a radio operator included a Smersh officer. As this captain told me, the task was extremely simple. Leave the airfield, come to the camp for displaced persons, call "Yakov" and, under some pretext, bring him closer to the airfield, put him to sleep and put him on the plane.
The whole idea seemed absurd to this captain. He had no experience in holding such events. Yes, and in "Smersh" he served as an investigator.

However, an order is an order. He was photographed in the form of a foreman for everyone required documents. The last thing left was to get the approval of Molotov, who, if the operation failed, would have to hush up the international scandal.
Molotov kept the plan of the operation in his office for several weeks, and then informed Abakumov of his decision, apparently agreed with Stalin: "Relations with Switzerland are more precious than some talker."

But strange stories associated with Yakov Dzhugashvili continued. In the Brezhnev era, in commemoration anniversary He was posthumously awarded the Order of Victory Patriotic Wars s - but by a closed decree, and this award became known almost by accident.

And recently it turned out that Yakov Dzhugashvili is also a Hero Soviet Union: this title was awarded to him by Sazhi Umalatova. And he received the insignia of the posthumously awarded Yevgeny Dzhugashvili, who calls himself his son. True, the legitimate daughter of Yakov, Galina Dzhugashvili, recently demanded that Yevgeny, using a genetic test, confirm his relationship with their family.

Middle: wise Constantine

As you know, I.V. Dzhugashvili was twice in political exile in Solvychegodsk (Arkhangelsk province). The first time he was exiled there in March 1909, he fled two months later. In March 1910 he was again arrested. After 6 months in the Bayil prison in Baku, Dzhugashvili was again sent to Solvychegodsk.

He lived in the house of a young widow, Maria Prokopievna Kuzakova, who had three children. Her husband Stepan Mikhailovich Kuzakov died in the Russo-Japanese War. Stalin paid the hostess for bread, milk and housing (from the tsarist treasury he received 7 rubles 40 kopecks a month), and went to dinner in another house, where five other exiles ate together.

In the meantime, in the spring of 1911, a son was born to Marya Prokopievna from a lodger. However, the "proud Caucasian" avoided marriage, citing his difficult and wandering revolutionary fate. He promised Mary eternal memory and, if possible, material assistance ...

Stalin's middle son is Konstantin Stepanovich Kuzakov (b. 1911).

As soon as Konstantin Kuzakov found out that he was the son of Stalin, he was careful: he never stuffed himself into relatives with the leaders and managed to survive under all regimes

Probably, of all the children of the leader, he gave his father the least trouble. He grew up without his participation, not even suspecting a relationship with a tyrant. Studied diligently. And when he found out about his origin, he was not at all happy about it. And he always acted wisely enough. To the question "is he the son of Stalin"

Konstantin Stepanovich never answered yes or no. So that no one can blame him for anything. Neither in renouncing kinship, nor in adhering to a noble person. In order not to emphasize the similarities, he never wore a mustache. And even many years after Stalin's death, when he saw his son returning to Moscow from an expedition with a beard, he was horrified and demanded that all vegetation be immediately shaved off.

His career developed superfast. From a simple university teacher and lecturer of the Leningrad Regional Party Committee, in a matter of years he turned into deputy head of the propaganda and agitation department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, and then received the post of First Deputy Minister of Cinematography. Some associates of Stalin, promoting Kuzakov, probably demonstrated their loyalty to the leader in this way. Others tried to draw him into the cycle of palace intrigues.

It was his caution that saved him. He never tried to approach Stalin. They never once spoke to each other. And Stalin, when he was once directly asked about the Kuzakovs, replied: "I don't remember." But at the same time, he transmitted personal assignments to Kuzakov through his assistant Poskrebyshev. Always emphasizing: "Personal!" And, probably, Stalin said something about Kuzakov to his youngest son, Vasily. It can be assumed that he put "illegal" as an example.

In any case, Konstantin Stepanovich told me that Vasya Stalin for some reason was afraid of him for no apparent reason. Arriving at the film ministry and meeting Kuzakov in the corridor, for some reason he tried to sneak past unnoticed. And in the storage, taking away the films that he watched in companies in the country, Vasily would certainly say that Kuzakov allowed him to take the films.

Konstantin Stepanovich lived long life, worked, as he himself said, in cinematography, then on television, and none of our mutual acquaintances ever said a single bad word about him.

Junior: savage Vasya

Most of the adventures of Vasily Stalin are described in sufficient detail. His drinking in the forties was the talk of the town in Moscow. And there was nothing surprising in this. As a child, he was spoiled by numerous and at that time not yet repressed relatives.

Vasily in childhood

Security also contributed to turning Vasya into a domestic tyrant. Even the ink for a fountain pen was delivered to Stalin Jr. - personally - by one of the high-ranking employees of the NKVD, Pauker. Any more or less reasonable desire of Vasya became a law for his guards. Everything developed quite naturally.

At the school where the children of the Soviet elite studied, Vasya spat on the teachers. And literally. The same thing was done by students in ordinary schools, but their ears were flogged for this and their parents were summoned to school. And in Vasya's school, the teachers just wiped themselves off and continued to smile at their high-ranking student.

During the life of his father, who considered him a weak-willed and capricious barchuk, Vasily Stalin had everything - women, a career, sycophants and vodka. They ruined him

Everything would have continued like this if a troublemaker had not appeared at the school - the history teacher Martyshin. He began to scold his elite students for unlearned lessons and - that's horror! - give them low marks. The patience of the children of the nomenklatura, and above all the lazy Vasya, soon ran out. And on his initiative, a statement was written to the NKVD that Martyshin was a complete Trotskyist.

The case was one of those on which it is easy for investigators to slip, and from Lubyanka in the same summer of 1938 the application was sent to the Moscow city prosecutor's office. A case was quickly opened there, the prosecutor gave permission for a search and arrest of Martyshin - after all, the children of such people would not lie, and the investigation team went to his house. In the drawer of Martyshin's desk, the investigators found a folder, and in it - a letter:

"To the teacher comrade Martyshin.

I received your letter about the arts of Vasily Stalin. Thank you for your letter. Late reply due to work overload. I beg your pardon.

Vasily is a spoiled young man of average ability, a savage (like a Scythian!), not always truthful, likes to blackmail weak "leaders", often impudent, with a weak or - rather - disorganized will. He was spoiled by all sorts of "gossips" and "gossips", constantly emphasizing that he was "Stalin's son".

I am glad that in your person there was at least one self-respecting teacher who treats Vasily like everyone else, and requires this impudent obedience to the general regime at school. Vasily is spoiled by the director, like the one you mentioned, by rag people who have no place at school, and if the insolent Vasily has not yet had time to ruin himself, it is because there are some teachers in our country who do not give way to the capricious barchuk.

My advice: to demand more strictly from Vasily and not be afraid of the fake blackmailing threats of the capricious about "suicide". You will have my support in this.

Unfortunately, I myself do not have the opportunity to mess with Vasily. But I promise to take him by the collar from time to time.
Hello!

I. Stalin
8.VI.38"

After reading the letter, everything fell into place. The search was stopped, and the Moscow prosecutor for some time solved the problem: in what way to stop the Martyshin case.

And Vasily fully justified the characterization that his father gave him in 1938. In fact, for the rest of his life he remained a weak-willed teenager and an impudent barchuk. After the death of his father, he was in prison, never found himself at liberty, continued to drink and died on March 19, 1962 in Kazan, where he was settled after his release.

In the seventies, his grave became a place of pilgrimage for Stalinists from all over the Union. True, there were rumors that they came to Kazan in vain. As if some Georgians long ago gave a huge bribe to the cemetery authorities and took the ashes of Vasily Stalin to the homeland of their ancestors.

It only happens in fairy tales a happy ending. Of the three sons of the Soviet tsar, only one, who was not formally recognized as a father, lived his life hard, but with dignity. Both recognized "princes" did not know peace during their lifetime and do not find it after death...

At Joseph Stalin's different time had two wives. Children were born from these marriages. They did not choose their father, they were born into a family and lived under the total control of an odious ruler Soviet empire. Unfortunately, the fate of Stalin's children after his death was mostly tragic ... Some consider this a natural phenomenon, and some believe that children should not be responsible for the actions of their parents. How many children Stalin has and their fate - we will talk about all this in the article.

firstborn

So, how many children did Stalin have? So it's hard to answer. Let's go in order...

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the future ruler of the Soviet empire married for the first time. He was twenty nine. The chosen one is 21. Her name was Ekaterina Svanidze. This marriage lasted only sixteen months. The wife passed away. But one month before her death, she gave her husband the first-born - Yakov.

The relatives of the deceased wife had to raise an heir. Father and son saw each other fourteen years later, already in the era of the USSR. By this time, the Leader of the Nations already had a second family. Jacob's stepmother, Nadezhda Alliluyeva, treated her stepson with warmth. But his father treated him like a nonentity. He disliked almost everything about him. He severely punished him for the slightest misconduct. Sometimes, he did not even let the boy into the apartment, and he spent the night on the stairs.

When Yakov was eighteen, he decided to marry his classmate, which happened. The father was categorically against this marriage. Because of this conflict, Yakov even tried to commit suicide. After an unsuccessful suicide attempt, relations between Stalin and Yakov completely deteriorated. The son began to live with relatives in northern capital. It was then that the newlyweds had their first child - daughter Elena, who, unfortunately, died in infancy. After some time, the couple decided to leave.

Return to the capital

Returning to Moscow, Yakov entered the Institute of Transport Engineers and after graduation he worked at one of the power plants. True, he worked very little in his specialty, since his father strongly recommended that he choose a different career. As a result, Yakov became a cadet of the Artillery Academy. Over the years of study, he gained fame as one of the best and most talented students.

Meanwhile, Dzhugashvili met Olga Golysheva. She was born in Uryupinsk, and in the capital she studied at an aviation technical school. Thus, the acquaintance turned into a love affair. However, Stalin was again against these relations. Olga returned to her homeland, where she presented her beloved heir Eugene there. Relatives from the Golyshevs began to raise the child. And the young mother returned to Moscow. But her relationship with Stalin's son did not work out at all. After some time, they decided to leave.

In 1939, Yakov married again. His wife was the ballerina Yulia Meltzer, who soon gave birth to a daughter, Galina. Surprisingly, the all-powerful Stalin did not put obstacles in the way of the young. But, predicting the course of events, let's say that during the war, Yakov's wife received a term in the Gulag.

captivity

When the war broke out, Yakov was among the first to be at the front. His father, of course, a priori could arrange him for a staff position. But he did not do this.

Dzhugashvili got into the thick of it - near Vitebsk. He took part in one of the major tank battles. He was even nominated for an award. However, he didn't get it...

The fact is that his battery broke out of the environment twice. But the third time, Jacob failed to do so. He was captured.

For two years the Germans tried to persuade him to cooperate. But Jacob categorically refused. At the same time, during interrogations, he spoke of deep disappointment associated with unsuccessful actions. Soviet troops at the beginning of the war. But he did not provide the necessary information for the Nazis. In addition, he never said bad things about his homeland and the state system.

The Germans offered Stalin to exchange his son for one of the big German officers. But the leader was adamant.

... Yakov died in the middle of 1943. He was shot by a sentry in one of the death camps.

Stalin's children and their fate, photos from the archives - all this is of interest to those people who are not indifferent to our history. Therefore, we will continue.

Barchuk

In the early years of Soviet power, Stalin remarried. He was already forty, and his chosen one was 17. Nadezhda Alliluyeva was the daughter of Stalin's associates. At the same time, in her youth, an affair began between Stalin and her mother. Thus, after a while, she became the mother-in-law of the Leader of the Nations.

Initially, this marriage was happy, but later it turned out to be simply unbearable. And for both. In the late autumn of 1932, after another skirmish with her husband, the wife closed the door to the bedroom and shot herself.

As a result, after the death of his wife, Stalin had two of them. common child- twelve-year-old son Vasily and six-year-old daughter Svetlana. They were looked after by nannies, housekeepers and security guards.

Vasily grew up as a rather mischievous boy. The father repeatedly told the teachers to be very strict with him. Probably, it was not for nothing that the leader called the youngest son “barchuk”.

In 1938, Vasily became a cadet at the Kachin Aviation School. He enjoyed great prestige, in the team was considered a accommodating person. But most importantly, he loved to fly. Although he constantly argued with his superiors.

On the eve of the war, Vasily got married. The wife was Galina Burdonskaya. Her great-great-grandfather is a soldier of the Napoleonic army. During the battles of 1812 he was wounded and settled in Russia.

The marriage with Bourdonskaya lasted four years. Did Vasily Stalin have children? Their fate (photo in the article) was not the best. The parents separated. Vasily forbade his wife to communicate with the offspring. She saw her children only eight years later.

War

In 1941, being a twenty-year-old officer, Vasily went to the front. During the war, he made twenty-seven sorties. In addition, he was awarded prestigious military awards for his participation in military operations.

At the same time, he repeatedly received penalties for hooligan actions. He was also demoted. So, once he was removed from command of the regiment. The fact is that he went fishing with fellow soldiers. While fishing, he used air shells. As a result, the weapons engineer Vasily died, and one of the pilots was injured.

In 1944, Vasily married again. His chosen one was the daughter of the Soviet marshal Timoshenko. In this marriage, two children were born.

In 1947, Vasily was appointed commander of the Air Force of the Moscow military district. By this period, he was already seriously suffering from alcoholism and did not take part in flights.

But he had a completely new hobby. He began to create football and hockey teams "pilots". He provided more than generous material assistance to these athletes.

In addition, Vasily began to build a sports center. However, during one of the May Day demonstrations, he ordered several planes to fly over Red Square. Some of them, unfortunately, crashed. After that, Stalin dismissed his own son from the post of commander ...

Opala

When Stalin died, Vasily's life went downhill. Initially, they decided to appoint him to a position away from the capital. But he did not obey the order. Then he was retired. And just a month and a half after the death of the head of state, he was completely arrested. There was only one reason. During one of the feasts with British subjects, Vasily presented his version of his father's death. He believed that he had been poisoned.

As a result, the former combat pilot and general spent eight years in prison. In 1961, the ruler Khrushchev returned his awards, title and pension. But 2.5 months after his release, Vasily got into a small car accident. After that, he was forbidden to live in the capital. So he ended up in Kazan. In this city, he lived quite a bit, since Vasily died in the early spring of 1962. He was only forty years old.

only daughter

The only daughter of the Leader of the Peoples, Svetlana, was born in 1926. Initially, Stalin himself did not have a soul in her.

However, as a high school student, she began to have romantic affairs. So, at the age of sixteen, she was in love with the forty-year-old screenwriter A. Kapler. Her lover managed to introduce the girl to good literature and poetry. He was able to bring up her artistic taste. But the head of state was outraged. A case was brought against Kapler and sent to the camp.

The new chosen one of Svetlana was a friend of her brother Vasily G. Morozov. The father allowed his daughter to marry. In their marriage, they had their first child. Despite this, after a while the couple broke up. And the ex-husband was immediately removed from the capital. For three years he could not find a job.

Meanwhile, Svetlana met the son of the Soviet leader A. Zhdanov, Yuri. Stalin was very fond of the Zhdanov family and sincerely wanted these families to intermarry. And so it happened. Children appeared. By the way, at one time it was the head of state who helped appoint Yuri to the post of head of a department of the Central Committee. But the personal life of Stalin's children did not work out ... And this marriage also fell apart.

non-returner

The third spouse of Svetlana was Raj Bridge Singh. This elderly man was a Hindu by nationality. Their acquaintance took place in the Kremlin hospital. And after a while Singh died. The inconsolable widow was allowed to take the ashes of her husband to India. After that, she decided to seek asylum at the British Embassy. Then she moved to the United States. Note that she fled abroad without children. By and large, they did not expect such an act and betrayal then.

There she remarried. Her husband was the architect Peters from the USA. From this marriage, a daughter, Olga, was born.

After some time, this marriage broke up. Svetlana returned to the shores of Foggy Albion. And in mid-1984, she was allowed to return to the USSR. Alas, she was not forgiven by close people or distant relatives. For this reason, she again went abroad.

In recent years, she lived in one of the nursing homes. She passed away in 2011. She was eighty-five.

Foster-son

But these are not all the children of Joseph Stalin. He also had an adopted son Artem. His own father close friend leader, colleague Fyodor Sergeev died in At that time, Artem was only three months old. Stalin adopted him and took him into the family.

The boy was the same age as the middle son of the head of state. They became best friends. Stalin just put him as an example, unlike Vasily. Artem was actually very interested in learning. Although the Leader of the peoples never made him any concessions.

After school, Artem entered one of the artillery schools. He graduated from it in 1940. Just like Vasily, he went to the front. He was captured, but, fortunately, his escape attempt was successful. He ended the war as a brigade commander.

In 1954, Artem studied at the Academy of the General Staff and became a great military leader. Many believe that he is one of the founders of anti-aircraft missile troops Soviet Union.

He rose to the rank of Major General. Until his last days he was a devoted communist. He passed away in 2008.

Lucky son of the leader

In addition to the official ones, Stalin's illegitimate children are known to history (the photo is in the article). By and large, in his youth, Stalin was generally seriously fond of the fairer sex. At one time, he even intended to get engaged to one of the noblewomen from Odessa.

So, the future leader was sent to Solvychegodsk. He was taken in by Maria Kuzakova. From this connection, the son Konstantin was born. Stalin practically did not think about his son, but for some reason Kostya was always lucky in his professional career.

Kuzakov, in fact, was a very modest person. He was, in fact, the happiest son of the chief. He grew up without a father and learned about his relationship with Stalin when he matured.

After school, Konstantin became a student at the financial and economic institute in the northern capital. After receiving a diploma, he remained at the university and worked as a teacher. Later, he lectured at the regional party committee of Leningrad, and then in Moscow. Since 1939, he became the head of the propaganda and agitation department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Assistant to the head of state Poskrebyshev treated him well. And sometimes he gave him instructions from Stalin himself.

In 1947, in the wake of yet another repression, he was removed from all posts and expelled from the party. Beria generally demanded to arrest him. But, as it turns out, the leader himself stood up for Constantine. As a result, party membership was restored and Kuzakov's career resumed.

In subsequent years, Konstantin focused on working on television. His last position was the post of Deputy Minister of Cinematography of the Soviet Union. It was under him that the editors of the literary and dramatic programs of Central Television became truly elitist. His subordinates sincerely respected him, appreciated and loved him. He was actually an intelligent and smart leader. At the same time, the origin of Kuzakov was not at all a secret. Apparently, the promotion career ladder was due primarily to his extraordinary abilities.

Kuzakov died in 1996.

The ordinary life of Stalin's son

We continue to talk about the illegitimate children of Stalin and their fate. Another illegitimate son of the leader was Alexander Davydov.

Once in another exile, the future head of state cohabited with Lydia Pereprygina. At that time, the girl was only fourteen. The gendarmes were determined to punish the lustful revolutionary. But he swore to them that he was going to marry Lida. However, this did not happen. Stalin escaped from exile. BUT future bride revolutionary at that time was expecting a baby.

After some time, she gave birth to a son, Sasha. According to several sources, Stalin first corresponded with Pereprygina. Then there was a rumor that Dzhugashvili died at the front. As a result, Lydia did not wait for the groom and married Yakov Davydov, who worked as a fisherman. Pereprygina's new husband adopted Alexander and gave him his last name.

They say that in 1946, Stalin unexpectedly gave an order to find out information about the fate of his son and his mother. The leader's reaction to the results of this search is unknown.

By and large, illegitimate son The leader lived a rather simple life. He fought on the fronts of the Korean and Great Patriotic Wars. He rose to the rank of major. AT post-war period he lived with his family in Novokuznetsk. Davydov worked as a foreman, and also in charge of the canteen of one of the city's enterprises. He died in 1987.

Now you know all the children of Stalin and their fate (photo in the article). The time has come to analyze some more moments from the life of his descendants.

Children and grandchildren of Stalin. Their fate

You have the opportunity to see a photo of Stalin's huge family in the article. The leader had eight grandchildren. But he saw with his own eyes only three. Their fates are quite different. Some are tragic, some are happy. Their attitude towards their grandfather was also more than ambiguous.

Stalin's eldest son Yakov had two children. Eugene was born in 1936. He was destined to become a military historian. First, he studied at one of the Suvorov schools, then at the engineering academy. For ten years he worked in the system of military missions at various enterprises of the capital and the region. He took part in the preparation and launch of several space objects.

In 1973, he defended his dissertation and began working as a teacher. He passed away in 2016.

Yakov's daughter Galina became a translator and philologist. She specialized in Algerian literature. By the way, her husband is Algerian. At one time he worked as a UN expert. From this marriage a deaf-mute son was born. Galina died in 2007.

Vasily Dzhugashvili had four children and three adopted children.

The life of the eldest son was the most successful. He became a famous director. He served in the capital. It was he who managed to stage a number of excellent performances. We are talking about such productions as "Vassa Zheleznova", "The Lady of the Camellias", "Orpheus Descends into Hell", "The Snows Have Fallen", "The Last Passionately in Love" and many others. The talented director passed away in 2017.

Daughter Nadezhda studied at one of the theater schools, but she could not finish her studies. She moved to Georgia, but then returned to her homeland, to the capital. By this time she met the writer's son and soon they became husband and wife. They had a daughter, Nastya. In the late 90s, Nadezhda died.

The second son Vasily lived only nineteen years. As a student, he decided to take his own life. On the day of his death, he was in a drugged state.

Daughter Svetlana died in 1989. She was only forty-three.

Three adopted daughters were adopted by Vasily Dzhugashvili. They say that they retained this surname even after their marriage.

Svetlana Alliluyeva had two daughters and a son.

Joseph was the eldest. He was born married to G. Morozov. But when Svetlana married his surname passed to her son Joseph. Joseph became a famous cardiologist. He is considered a true authority in his field. And his patients still idolize him.

Daughter Ekaterina, after studying at the university, became a volcanologist. She got married. A daughter was born from this marriage. When her husband died, Catherine moved to Kamchatka. They say she still works there.

The youngest daughter Olga was born in 1971 in America. In 1982, his mother, together with Olga, moved to the UK. Olga studied there at Cambridge. Then she returned to her homeland, to the USA. According to some sources, she is engaged in business. She has her own dry goods store in Portland.