Winter phenomena in the life of nature. Winter

Not all people love winter, with its frosts, ice, and difficult conditions driving. Indeed, winter can be a dangerous and unpleasant time of year. But she can also be fantastically beautiful. Grab a cup of hot drink, wrap yourself in a blanket, and we will tell you about the most amazing phenomena that occur in winter time.

7. Light poles

From afar, these “lightsabers”, as if hovering above the surface of the earth, can be mistaken for UFOs. On a frosty night, they are a delightful sight that seems to be the work of supernatural forces.

However, science has long known about the existence of pillars of light. They appear when light is reflected from the smallest ice crystals suspended in the air (with a hexagonal cross section or columnar, depending on the angle of the sun or moon). Such crystals usually occur in high cirrus clouds. However, in frost, ice crystals form in the lower layers of the atmosphere. Therefore, pillars of light often appear in winter. And their multicolored hue is due to the lights they reflect.

Interestingly, similar phenomena can also occur in sunny weather and under the moon, depending on which light is reflected from the ice crystals.

6. Snowstorm

it meteorological phenomenon, in which during a snow blizzard, thunder rumbles like summer and lightning flashes.

According to weather forecasters, snowstorms occur when cold atmospheric fronts intrude into the warm air mass. The average speed of such fronts is 40 km/h.

When, under conditions of an unstable atmosphere, cold air comes into contact with warm air, a sharp temperature drop occurs (up to several tens of degrees at a height of several kilometers). Because of this, thunder and lightning arise, and in addition, heavy snowfalls.

A snowstorm is a fairly rare event for Russia. It was observed in Novosibirsk in December 2015, in Novorossiysk in January 2012, in the capital in December 1995 and in the same month in 2011. However, in Murmansk snow storm happens, on average, once a year.

5. Pancake ice

A strange sight can sometimes be observed in winter: the river is covered with circles that reach up to 3 meters in diameter. These circles look like round pizza or huge pancakes, but they are not made of dough, but of ice up to ten centimeters thick.

Experts say that this ice pizza is formed when the process of freezing water is interrupted by its waves, and patches of ice collide and rub along the edges, erasing sharp corners.

These pancake-shaped formations are most commonly found in Antarctica, but can occur in any large body of water.

4. Hoarfrost

On a cold day, on shrubs and trees, you can see a thin layer of small ice crystals, similar to the beard of Santa Claus.

Hoarfrost is created similarly to dew. At negative temperatures, the contact of water vapor molecules with a branch or other object leads to their transition from a gaseous state to a solid state. This causes the appearance of many cirrus ice crystals. The more moisture in the air, the thicker the frost will be.

3. Frozen frogs

Third place in the top 7 amazing winter events nature got an ordinary, at first glance, frog. Different animals have physiological features that help them survive in the cold. Bears, for example, hibernate, but the tree frog has an even simpler strategy: it just freezes.

For the winter, tree frogs look for depressions in the ground. They fill it with leaves and twigs that provide warmth, burrow into cover and fall into hibernation. The frog's heart stops beating, the organs stop functioning, and the blood freezes.

If we were talking about another living being, then such a freeze would damage the tissues of the body, destroying the fragile structures of cells. After all, dehydrated cells can no longer function.

But tree frog avoids this life-threatening dilemma. Before hibernation, her body produces a large number of glucose, which is then transported into the cells and acts as an antifreeze.

The level of urea also increases, which contributes to additional protection of cells. While the cells themselves do not freeze, the water freezes in the skin, eyes, and muscles, making the frog hard as a rock.

When spring comes, the amphibian thaws without the slightest damage to health.

2. Hole in the sky

Only in winter can one observe a phenomenon that in English literature is called Skypunch (and also Fallstreak hole and Hole punch cloud). It seems that the hand of a giant living in the sky reached down and made a hole in the clouds so that you could better see what was happening below.

A similar phenomenon occurs only when the water droplets in the clouds are in a supercooled position. In the absence of freezing nuclei, water droplets can remain in a liquid state at temperatures down to minus 40 degrees Celsius.

When exposed external force some of the water droplets turn into ice and start chain reaction freezing and falling down the rest of the drops. Because of this, in a matter of seconds, a large circle forms in the clouds.

Studies have confirmed that passing aircraft are responsible for initiating the droplet crystallization process. As planes fly through a cloud, the air cools as it passes through the plane's wings and propeller.

1 Deadly Icicles

If you thought about an ordinary icicle that can fall on your head and kill you, then you were wrong. Underwater icicles that form in the freezing conditions of the Arctic and Antarctica are no less deadly.

Here's how it goes.

The interaction of water with cold air masses leads to the formation of ice on the surface of the water.
Salt flows out of the ice, which increases the salinity of the water and lowers its freezing point. The density of water also increases.
The salty brine under the ice comes into contact with the ice and cools down to its temperature.

As a result, an underwater analogue of a stalactite appears - brinicle (Finger of Death). In shape, it resembles a tentacle or an ice tube that stretches towards the seabed.
When the giant "tube" hits the bottom, it expands, instantly freezing (and killing) everything it touches.

“They (brinicles) look like upside-down cacti that are blown out of glass, as if from the imagination of Dr. Seuss. They are incredibly fragile and can break at the slightest touch,” explains Andrew Thurber, a professor at Oregon State University.

And yet the icy "fingers of death" can open scientists secrets life. Bruno Escricano, a researcher at the Spanish Research Institute in Bilbao, claims that inside sea ice there is a high concentration chemical compounds, lipids and fats that cover inner part structures. They can act as a primitive membrane, one of the conditions necessary for life. These components may also contain the ingredients needed to make the DNA. Of course, it is unlikely that Captain America will be able to get out of such ice, but perhaps the brinicles will be able to explain to scientists what forms of life can arise on planets clad in ice.

Winter is a harsh time, especially in northern latitudes our hemisphere. Its calendar time is known, but it often happens that the first signs of winter come much earlier. slushy november weather is replaced by December frosts, fettering reservoirs, dressing the earth in a fluffy snow blanket. The days are getting shorter and the nights are dragging on in anticipation of the first ray of sunshine.

The shortest day is around the winter solstice. It is December 21st on the night of the 22nd. The shortest day and the longest night. From this time, the countdown begins and the daytime increases, reducing the nighttime.

The clouds sink lower, becoming heavy, gray with overflowing moisture. There is no lightness and accuracy in them, they cover the entire winter sky, filling the air with the smell of moisture and freshness. It is they who bring heavy snowfalls, covering the ground with meter-long snowdrifts.

Snow is winter precipitation. In winter, they cover everything around with a dense blanket, creating a kind of microclimate that helps plants and small animals survive the harsh cold. The lower the air temperature, the looser the snow flooring becomes, it crunches harder underfoot and pricks when touched.

In calm weather, snow falls in large snowflakes, with an increase in intensity, the snow turns into a blizzard - the most formidable winter natural phenomenon. It occurs when the first gust of wind appears. He lifts the snow cover and carries it, dragging him along. In nature, there are high and low snowstorms, depending on the redistribution air masses. Usually, heavy snowstorms occur in the middle of winter, at the peak of seasonal temperatures. It is on this natural phenomenon that the formation of a snowy landscape depends: the snow blown by the wind takes on bizarre forms of snowdrifts.

Frequent travel companion winter weather- ice. This is an ice crust that forms on any surface after a sharp temperature drop. Wet snow, rain before severe frost can provoke its appearance. As a rule, it is ice that binds the entire area of small streams, other sources of moisture, so it does not have to rain for it to appear. If in winter there are severe long frosts, they fetter the deepest reservoirs, which freeze through to very decent depths, and this is how freezing begins, paralyzing navigation. The ice will break only with a strong warming, when the rays of the sun begin to warm up its firmament.

Frost refers to hazards nature. They can be installed on for a long time, if the winter anticyclone dominates in the district. As a rule, abnormal frosts are a rare phenomenon. Deviation from the usual norm does not occur everywhere and not always. Low temperatures can cause significant damage agriculture and provoke an emergency, so all utilities are on alert in winter.

Another indispensable attribute of winter is an icicle - a cone-shaped piece of ice that hangs from any plane. During the day, the sun warms the snow, it begins to melt and leak, and at night the frost intensifies, everything around freezes. The mass of the icicle grows as the snow melts, then it collapses from its own weight and crumbles on impact with the ground.

It is from the melting of icicles that a smooth transition to spring begins, when the air temperature gradually rises, the days become longer, and frosty patterns disappear, seeping melt water into the warmed earth. Snow is a winter sight precipitation. It has its own crystalline structure, which is based on frozen microscopic drops of water. When a drop passes through the cold atmospheric layers of air and falls to the ground, it freezes and overgrows with its fellows, clinging to them, forming six-pointed snowflakes. This form is due to the physical laws of water freezing.

Purpose: To stimulate children's curiosity, the desire to study the phenomenon of nature deeper (properties of snow), to support the manifestation of children's interest in experimentation, research.

Program content:

To form elementary ideas about the change in the position of the Earth relative to the Sun; concept of snow and its properties (snow melts in warmth, snow is not transparent, snow is white, snow has no smell).
Teach children to analyze, draw conclusions in the process of experimentation.
Activate speech through words: crust, water vapor, snow groats, magnifying glass, experiment. To improve the ability of children to answer the questions posed by the content of the story
To develop thinking, interest in winter natural phenomena, the desire to actively learn and act.
To cultivate the desire to preserve and protect natural world to see its beauty.
Wellness: a health-saving approach to educational activities.

preliminary work

Examination of paintings on the winter theme
Reading poems about winter, snowflakes.
Observations of falling snow, snowflakes, playing with snow on walks.
Drawing snowflakes.
Cutting snowflakes from napkins.

Materials and equipment

Dem. - planet models (Sun and Earth); visual models of snowflakes with the designation of snow properties;

Sec. - disposable snow plates (on each table on a deep and flat plate), snow, magnifiers according to the number of children, half a cut apple on a napkin, a disposable spoon, three containers of water, circles of different colors, napkins and a towel.

Methodical methods: research method; problem statement and its resolution; modeling; reading fiction using the information-receptive method aimed at organizing the provision of perception of information memorization by children; musical accompaniment; imitation of movements; reflective method.

The course of directly educational activities

The teacher says: Guys, listen to the poem carefully and tell me if everything is correct in it.

"The days are getting shorter
The sun shines little.
Here comes the frost
And SPRING has arrived!

Educator: Guys, do you know why winter is coming?

caregiver (summarizes children's answers) You and I know that our Earth is a planet, and it rotates around its axis, just as our globe is turning now, and now imagine that it is the sun, so the earth also rotates around the sun, like this. Now let's P

Let's imagine that our planet is divided into four parts, | spring will definitely come on the first, summer on the second, autumn on the third, and winter on the fourth. The one, the barrels of the earth that she put closest to the warm sun, heats up the most - it’s summer here, in winter, of course, the sun also shines, only during the three winter months the sun is farthest from the earth, so it heats less. This makes the winter colder, the days shorter and the nights longer.

Teacher: What happens in winter? One of the signs of winter is snow falling from the sky. Educator: There is such a story by Vladimir Arkhangelsky

"Snowflakes are flying" . Do you want to listen to it?

Children's answers

Conversation with children on the content of the read story.

What kind of snowballs are we talking about?

What were the snowflakes like? ("Flower with six petals" , "Asterisk with six rays" )

Where have the scientists been? (in the clouds)

What did they see there? (they saw how snowflakes form)

What is a snowflake? (this is a frozen drop of water vapor)

How is crust formed? (hard crust on snow)

Who has a hard time moving around? Why?

And why does the hare rush along the crust like on a parquet?

Physical education "Winter sleep"

Quietly, quietly singing a fairy tale,
Swims in the twilight winter (running in circles on toes)
Covering with a warm blanket
Land and trees and houses.

Light snow swirls over the fields,
At midnight the stars fall from the sky.
Lowering furry eyelashes,
A dense forest slumbers in silence.

Golden owls sleep on Christmas trees
In the fabulous glow of the moon.
Snowdrifts sleep on the edge of the forest
Like big snow elephants.

Everything changes shape and color
Extinguish the windows of sleepy houses.
And, winter telling tales
Falls asleep slowly.

Educator: Want to learn more about snow. Introducing those that you are scientists - researchers. And who are scientists? Let's sit at the tables. We will find out what kind of snow and what are its properties. And our assistant will be special device for research. Find it on your tables, what is this device called? (magnifier). What is a magnifying glass? (magnifying glass). What else do you see on the tables? (children's answers)

Educator: Guys, in the morning I brought snow to the group, but what happened to the snow? (melted) Why? (a snowflake with the image of 1 property is attached to the board, a drop of water is drawn on the snowflake: the snow melts in warmth). How are we going to explore the snow now? Where can we get it? (we will ask you to bring a second caregiver using Magic word"please"). Let's take a magnifying glass and carefully examine the melted snow. What do you see? (dirty water). Guys, why is the water dirty? (bring snow) Let's touch the snow, what does it feel like? (cold). Guys, I saw that some children eat snow. Are they doing the right thing? Why? Can you eat snow? (no, snow is cold and can be muddy).

Teacher: Let's do an experiment. Under your flat plates lie geometric figures, name them (circle, square). What color are they? Put one circle on an empty plate, we will put snow on top, and lower the other into the water. Where is cool visible, and where not? Why? (2 snowflakes are attached to the board: the snow is opaque - a closed eye is drawn)

Educator: Compare: what color is water and snow (snow is white, water is colorless) What else is white? (3 snowflakes are attached: white snow - cotton wool in the center of the snowflake).

Educator: Guys, how do you know if the snow smells? (need to sniff). Let's smell the apple first, which apple? (fragrant, fragrant). And now the snow (snow has no smell) (4 snowflakes are attached: snow has no smell - a nose is drawn on the snowflake)

Educator: Well done! You showed me so many experiences, and now I want to show you one more experience. Look, I have three jars. Pour into one cold water (a child is invited to check the temperature of the water), (cold). In the second we pour warm, but how do we get warm water, which water should be poured first: hot or cold, why? (cold then hot). In the third jar I will pour hot. In three jars, I will lower the snow at the same time. For this I need an assistant. Where did the snow melt faster and where slower? Conclusions. (the warmer the water, the faster the snow melted, the speed of snow melting depends on the temperature of the water).

Educator: Guys, now let's remember what properties snow has? (at the end of each experiment, snowflakes with the properties of snow were attached to the board). Draws the attention of children to the fact that snow is frozen droplets of water vapor. We know that snow turns into water, I have two drops, one smiles, the other is sad, if you liked ours educational activities take a smiling drop, if not, a sad one.

We have collected for you interesting materials about winter, which both schoolchildren and teachers may need when compiling stories and reports about this time of year. primary school to introduce students to the topic "Winter. winter months. Winter phenomena of nature. winter omens about the weather.", in which case the story can be presented as a presentation. You will get a wonderful lesson or extracurricular activity.

What is winter?

When the last multi-colored leaves have finished falling and wrap the earth in their motley carpet, and the gray rain drops give way to chilly cold and the first sparkling snowflakes, winter comes into its own. She reigns for three whole months: timid frosty December, snowy and festive january and, of course, February, famous for its severe cold. In winter, nature sleeps sweetly, wrapped in a blanket of snow and soothed by the discordant but melodic tune of a blizzard. However, this exciting time of the year declares itself not only with a lush cap of snow-white snowdrifts and transparent icicles hanging from the roofs of houses, but also with a temperature that does not rise above zero degrees Celsius and makes it chilly to wrap yourself in warm clothes.

Changes in nature in winter

December

December, which marks the arrival of winter, in contrast to the mild autumn November, already very rarely pampers nature with its thaws. He carefully and gradually prepares for the onset of cold and frost, lowering the temperature column on the thermometer and wrapping everything around with a warm snow blanket. Thanks to such care, many small animals and plants can survive the coming cold, because it is warmer under the snow than outside. Sparkling snowdrifts often reach 30 cm and no longer surrender to the mercy of timid sunlight. The lower the air temperature, the harder the snow and the more sonorous its melodic crunch becomes.

Gradually, the day begins to give up its positions, and the cold December nights are getting longer. Short frosts are already beginning to show their severe character, and a thin crust of ice fetters the movement of meandering rivers. Sometimes December indulges in small thaws and a pleasant increase in temperature, but it can remind you of itself with sharp frosts, and the Arctic winds gradually bring more and more cold and freshness.

In the northern hemisphere, the night of December 22 is the longest of the year, and the day of December 22 is the shortest of the year. On the day of the winter solstice on December 22, the sun rises to its lowest height above the horizon for the whole year.

With the onset of December, a lot of folk signs about the weather are connected. Here is some of them:

If in December the sky is overcast and the clouds hang low, then it is worth waiting for a big harvest next year.
If thunder often rumbles this month, then in January there will be very severe frosts.
The lack of rain means that spring and summer will also be dry.
A lot of snow, hoarfrost and frozen ground signify a good harvest in autumn.
If the bullfinches arrived this month, then the winter will be with frost.

In Russia, at the beginning of December, they already began to break through sledge tracks and arranged trekking. From December 9, in the evening, it was worth staying closer to the houses, as the wolves began to come closer to the village.

However, December marks not only the beginning of winter, but also the eager anticipation of the New Year. This holiday, celebrated on the night of December 31 to January 1, is one of the most wonderful days, because it symbolizes not only the beginning of a new year, but also the time of gaining new hopes and aspirations, faith in positive changes and magical events. Each person on this holiday becomes a child and is looking forward to the onset of a bewitching fairy tale and the fulfillment of all dreams. The smell of pine needles and the unique taste of tangerines evoke warm memories and makes the heart beat faster in anticipation of miracles.

January

Winter is in full swing in January. She reigns serenely in nature and continues her snowy and frosty procession. Epiphany cold and unique snow crystals create a magical winter fairy tale from intricate patterns on the windows, sing about it, circling in the whirlpool of a snowstorm, and boldly look into the cloudless blue sky. crackling frost makes itself felt with clubs of steam from the mouth and a pleasant tingling of the cheeks and nose. All this magic is supported by the temperature already established in the range of -10-30 degrees Celsius. The days are gradually getting longer, and the impenetrable darkness of frosty nights is gradually losing ground. However, the piercing light of the bright sun does not have time to warm the earth, so the stubborn cold claims its rights even more strongly and makes the air piercingly frosty. Thanks to this, at night you can admire the clear sky and sparkling diamonds of the stars. The wind does not have such force as in December and does not shake the trees dressed in snow, but only lovingly strokes their tops.

January is famous not only for its bewitching beauty, but also for the onset of important event in the life of Christians - the Nativity of Christ. This Holy holiday, celebrated on January 7, is solemnly celebrated by all believers, and their congratulations to each other merge together under the chime of bells.

The days from January 7 to 19 are called Christmas time. They are illuminated by the light of the Nativity of Christ and are perfect for various games, fortune-telling and carols. Most often they guessed on the night of January 13-14. Young girls wanted to know who would be their betrothed, and married women sought to find out what the weather would be like in summer and whether it was worth waiting for a big harvest. Christmas time was also a period of noisy weddings. In Russia, sleigh rides and all kinds of snow fun were organized these days.

According to folk signs about the weather:

if on January 21 the south wind blows, then the summer will be rainy, and if on the 23rd there is frost on the haystacks, then the summer will be cool and rainy.

February

With the onset of February, the cloudy gray sky, which continues to wrap the sleeping earth with a soft cap of snow, gradually becomes a little kinder and allows bright sunbeams to often peep through dense clouds. Winter still reminds of itself with the discordant tune of a blizzard and a cheerful carousel of snowflakes swirling with a blizzard, but the premonition of spring gradually begins to enliven everything around. Pink from the prickly frost, the cheeks gradually begin to warm up timidly. solar heat. The snow is covered with a thin crust and begins to slowly give up, anticipating the approach of spring. The days are getting longer, and the clear sky is increasingly pleasing to the eye with its unique blue.

In the southern regions of Russia, buds appear on willows - the first harbingers of spring, and thawed patches, like messengers, carry the news of its approach. The frosty wind pleasantly pricks the face with small snowflakes, and the chilly frost alternates with long-awaited thaws. However, bewitching snowstorms and stubborn cold will not soon surrender to the mercy of the beautiful spring.

February is associated with many folk signs about the weather.

If the weather is very cold and frosty this month, then the summer will be hot.
Little snow in February threatens a poor harvest.
If thunder rumbles, then it is worth waiting for strong winds.
Rainy February speaks of the same spring and summer.
Bright stars predict frosts, and dim - thaw.
If the frosts in February are very strong, then the winter will be short.

Signs of winter coming

One of the first signs of winter is the appearance of dense, low-hanging clouds. They envelop the sky like a fur blanket and do not allow the sun's rays to break through their veil and delight the earth with their warmth, and the sun is low and already warms not so much. Such clouds are very different from summer, light and cirrus. The winter sky does not please with its colors, but it compensates for this with sparkling snowflakes, neatly, as if with sparkling silver, covering everything around.

Thick cover of snow is also an important sign of winter. Only at this time of the year, fluffy snowflakes do not melt under the timid rays of the sun, but, gradually increasing, create a reliable snow cover.

Winter is famous for its frosts. Gradually it gets colder. The thin needles of the first frosty winds begin to tingle your cheeks and nose and make you wrap yourself more tightly in winter clothes. Her permanent companions - a hat and mittens - are added to a warm jacket.

Plants and animals are also actively preparing for the onset of winter. Trees and shrubs in anticipation of cold weather and cloudy days shed their leaves. However, this will not last long and in the spring the first small leaves will appear on the branches. Only coniferous trees they do not want to part with their green needles and continue to please them even in winter.

There is little food during the winter, so some animals hibernate, and those that remain awake grow fluffy and thick fur. A hare, for example, turns white, and a hedgehog and a bear hibernate.

It is also not easy for birds to endure cold and lack of abundant food, so many of them fly away to warmer climes, and the rest adapt to different types stern.

Natural phenomena in winter

At this time of the year there are such interesting and unusual phenomena nature like:

Blizzard
black ice
icicles
Frost patterns

A snowstorm arises with the first gusts of wind and, boldly picking up the snow cover, drags it into a mysterious winter dance. It's very harsh a natural phenomenon, which is better not to meet on the way. The snowstorm boldly disposes of the snowy landscape and disposes of fluffy snowdrifts at will. Most often this happens in the middle of winter, when frost and cold rule their ball.

Black ice, like a sweet winter dream, fetters reservoirs and covers with a thin crust of ice not only the continuous flow of rivers, but all roads. This happens if after rain or sleet the temperature column drops below zero. Ice on the rivers hinders navigation, but gives wide scope for all kinds of winter entertainment such as sledding, skating or skiing.

Another interesting winter phenomenon is icicles. They, like ice daggers, pierce the ground as they fall and shatter into hundreds of sparkling fragments. Icicles form when snow begins to melt on rooftops or other flat objects, and the resulting water freezes at night in low temperatures.

Frosty patterns, like frost, are an incredible lace creation of winter. Their bizarre pattern and bewitching beauty leave a lot of room for imagination and immerse in snow fairy tale. This is made possible by the formation of ice crystals that settle on the irregularities of the glass. They overlap each other and create pictures of incredible beauty.

Winter is not only a beautiful time of the year, but also a very unusual one. It's like a big mystery to be solved. For example:

snow is a real work of art and there are no two identical snowflakes in the world.
Snowflakes are 95% air, which is why they fall to the ground so slowly.
In Antarctica, you can find purple, pink or red snow.
AT different countries and parts of the world ice has different temperature. For example, the coldest ice is found in the Antarctic glaciers and reaches -60 degrees Celsius, while the warmest (0 degrees) is on the peaks of the Scandinavian Mountains and the Alps.
More than half of the inhabitants of the Earth have never seen real snow at all.
On February 18, 1979, snowfall was recorded in the Sahara desert, and this is one of the hottest places on the planet.
You can enjoy the warmest winter in Northern Sudan. There, at this time of the year, the temperature rarely drops below +40 degrees.
One of the coldest and most uninhabitable places is Antarctica. In winter, the air temperature there averages -70 degrees. And at Vostok station, which is located in Antarctica, a temperature of -89.2 degrees was recorded.

Winter is a wonderful and fabulous time of the year when, despite the short day and frosty air, life does not stop, but is filled with new light and sound. The snow-white cover of snow and snowflakes sparkling in the sun, unique patterns on glass and an ice crust that fetters rivers and lakes are endlessly pleasing to the eye. The prickly frost, lovingly rubbing your cheeks, reminds you of how many games there are on fresh air hides this time of year and makes you freeze in anticipation of the New Year holidays.

Winter is a fierce time, especially in the north of the planet. Sometimes her appearance does not coincide with calendar time. The signs of winter can show up sooner. Muddy weather turns to frost, water bodies freeze, and the ground is covered with a white blanket of snow. The days during this period are short and the nights are cold.

The first signs of winter. Snow

nature calendar

Frost and snow appear in different ways. Nature has its own calendar, so the signs of winter are noticeable at different times of the year.

The timing of the annual seasons changes every year. Therefore, spring can come early or, conversely, late. This also happens in winter. Every year there can be a different amount of precipitation, there may be more clear or cloudy days, and the temperature can also present its own surprises.

It is important for many people to follow the fluctuations in nature. Gardeners, landowners, fishermen, hunters pay attention to them. Depends on weather conditions such industries:

poultry farming;
Agriculture;
fishing;
animal husbandry;
sericulture;
beekeeping.

End of winter

Winter doesn't last forever, it eventually comes to an end. The first thawed patches appear, the earth is visible. Previously, they can be seen on the slopes, and then - in the fields. But in the north, in the forests, snow can stay for a long time.

Migratory birds are starting to return home. The first to be seen are the rooks. But there are also places of their residence, from which they do not fly away, since there are no severe winters.

Beginning of winter in wildlife

There are signs of winter in wildlife. You can see the following changes:

Trees and bushes shed their leaves. This happens due to the fact that there is little light in winter, so they do not need this part. Only coniferous trees do not lose their leaves, they fall out gradually so that new ones grow. These needles of Christmas trees, pines are covered with a coating that protects them from severe frosts.
In winter, there is little food. For this reason, animals, such as bears, hibernate. The ones that keep on leading active life, overgrown with a warm fur coat. Such changes will not allow them to freeze. By the way, the hare turns white for the winter, and the hedgehog finds a cozy place and sleeps there, curled up in a ball, until spring.
The number of birds decreases in winter, as migratory birds fly to regions where it is warmer. Only those who have adapted to eat remain different kinds stern. And many insects disappear in winter, so it becomes more difficult for birds to find food.

Such signs of winter in wildlife.

What is snow made of?

Snowflakes come in various sizes, but no more than 5 mm. And openwork weaving differs from each other, surprising with its uniqueness. There are different signs of winter, but snow is considered the most basic. Snowflakes are symmetrical, have clear geometric edges, connected in a hexagon. The water molecule has a hexagonal shape. Because of this, she, freezing in the clouds, reincarnates into small crystals. Formation occurs with the capture of neighboring molecules. Thus, a chain of frozen molecules is obtained.

The resulting shape is affected by air temperature, humidity. Snow in winter plays an important role, as it provides protection to the earth in cold weather, covering it with a blanket of snow. It allows you to keep warm, plants and small animals will not die in such conditions. If there is no snow, then winter crops will not produce a crop. Snow also retains moisture, which is needed in spring.

Games for kids to help recognize the start of winter

Many parents want their child to be able to quickly tell what signs of winter exist. You can teach him this by playing. At the same time, his mental abilities will develop and improve.

The first game is called "Homemade Lotto". It can be used for 3 year olds. Signs of winter for children will become clear, they will be able to talk about it. To do this, you need to make a lotto for every season. Pictures are collected on which signs of winter and other periods of the year are drawn. After that, you need to invite your child to choose from the drawings those that are associated with the winter period. The parent can take out pictures in turn, and the baby must determine the signs of the cold season. To make it interesting for the child, you can switch roles with him later. This will consolidate his knowledge. It is allowed to make mistakes so that the baby corrects his parent.

Like the previous game, you can write words on the cardboard: signs for the word "winter" and other seasons. The lesson is similar to the previous one, the child must collect words related to winter.

The game "What to wear" develops the baby's thoughts well. This will require clothing that should be worn in different time of the year. The child must choose from the pile only those things that are suitable for winter. The parent can also show one attribute of the wardrobe, and the children draw a conclusion regarding it. The same game can be played with shoes. If there is concern that things will get dirty, pictures can be used. They should be wearing different clothes. For the child to develop logical thinking, you can ask why he chose a particular thing.

You can help recognize the signs of winter while walking. When the mother went for a walk with the baby outside, he can begin to talk about the changes that came with the advent of winter period. The parent can help the children by noticing that the dog's hair has become thicker, and smoke can be seen from the cottages, as the stove is heated there. The child will be aware that with the advent of winter it becomes cold, so these changes occur.

You can also play winter words. To do this, the participants alternately name the words associated with winter. For example, cold, snow, Santa Claus, Snowman and others. If someone does not know what word to say, he is out of the game. The last remaining participant becomes the winner.

So, there are many changes in the coming of winter. Each person should notice them, and children should be helped to see these signs.