Ataman of the Kuban army. The chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, Mikhail Babich - Terek Cossack
On the night of October 20, 1917, the former Army Ataman General M. Babych and 50 Cossack hostages were shot in the Pyatigorsk prison ...
In Yekaterinodar in 1919, a rare day passed without a funeral service for the dead - it was Civil War epidemics of typhoid and cholera raged. And yet, the funeral service, held on April 3 in the Catherine's Cathedral, was out of the ordinary. They buried the last ataman of the Kuban region, Mikhail Babych. Went to the grave with him whole era- the era of pre-revolutionary Yekaterinodar and the Kuban Cossacks. July 22, 2004 marked the 160th anniversary of the birth of this courageous and outstanding person who did a lot for the prosperity of his native Kuban.
The future chieftain was born in 1844 in Yekaterinodar in the family of General Pavel Babych, a hero of the Russian-Turkish and Caucasian wars. FROM young years he followed in his father's footsteps - in 1862 he began serving as a cadet in the Tarutinsky battalion, and already in 1864, 19-year-old Mikhail received his first award - the St. George Cross of the 4th degree - for distinction in the capture of the village of Sochi. After that, he fought in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-78, participated in the conquest of Central Asia. He was awarded the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, White Eagle, St. Vladimir 2nd and 3rd degree and many other awards.
Mikhail Pavlovich met 1889 as a colonel. He served as commander of the Novo-Bayazet reserve infantry regiment, ataman of the Yekaterinodar department, military governor of the recently annexed Kars region. Then he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general. But above all awards and titles was for Mikhail Pavlovich the desire to benefit his native land, the Kuban region. And finally, the opportunity presented itself. On February 25, 1908, Mikhail Babych became the chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army. In the entire history of the army, this was the first chieftain from the hereditary Kuban Cossacks.
In a difficult time for the Kuban, he accepted this post. The Kuban was shaken by the consequences of the revolution of 1905-1906. In Yekaterinodar, the terror of anarchists and socialist-revolutionaries raged, groups were active: "Avengers", "Bloody Hand", "Raven", "Flying Party" and others. Often, the members of these organizations had a very vague idea about anarchism and socialism, which did not prevent them from extorting money from wealthy citizens, robbing the streets and killing anyone who had the courage to disobey the “expropriators”. All entrepreneurs of the city fell under the power of this "revolutionary mafia" and were even afraid to complain about extortionists to the police, fearing massacre. The situation was aggravated by the fact that the former ataman, Lieutenant General Mikhailov, could not or did not want to stop the vile antics of the terrorists.
Mikhail Babych took the path of a radical solution to the problems of the region. The new ataman introduced a curfew in the city, which, due to "continuous terrorist actions by malicious persons," forbade people to go out into the streets from 8 pm to 4 am, and walk in groups. Despite a separate censure of such a "violation of human rights", the majority of the townspeople were satisfied: finally, order began to be restored in the Kuban. Feeling the iron grip of the Cossack general on his throat, the bandits-“expropriators” began to leave for more fertile lands. Of course, some terrorists still tried to brag: for example, the Maximalist Socialist-Revolutionaries and Communist Anarchists endured M.P. Babych is a death sentence. But then it remained only an impotent threat of fanatics. The revolutionaries will have the opportunity to carry out the sentence later.
As long as Mikhail Babych continued to strengthen law and order in his fiefdom. After the situation in the Kuban region stabilized, Mikhail Pavlovich lifted the curfew. The time has come for the arrangement of the region shaken by revolutionary upheavals. During his tenure, Mikhail Babych did a lot for his native land. Thanks to the initiative of the ataman and his wife Sofya Iosifovna, a music school was opened in Yekaterinodar, on October 5, 1911, a monument to the “First Zaporizhzhya Cossacks”, who landed here at the end of the 18th century, was opened in the village of Tamanskaya. On July 7, 1908, Babych issued an order: “... to establish the Kuban Military Ethnographic and Natural History Museum in the city of Yekaterinodar. This museum should visually present: the nature of the region, the past and real life of the entire population in all its manifestations of thought and labor.
Ataman Babych cared not only about the cultural, but also about the economic well-being of the city. In the same year, 1908, he issued an order to establish fixed prices for bread and meat products in order to stop the widespread speculation. Those who did not comply with this order were subjected to "a fine of up to 3,000 rubles or arrest for up to three months."
... The first one began World War. And in this difficult time for Russia, severe trials, Mikhail Pavlovich tried to help the Fatherland with everything he could. He himself could not fight: the years were not the same. But the ataman supported his countrymen who fought against the German, Austrian and Turkish armies. He tried to complete the Cossack regiments on time, took a direct part in their equipment and collection. Hearing about the feat of the lieutenant Tkachev, who committed aerial reconnaissance over the enemy and received the Order of St. George, Mikhail Babych stated that “... he was the first of our valiant eagle pilots to receive this highest rank. I heartily rejoice to inform the glorious Kuban army about this, whose sons not only on earth, but also in the air cover themselves with unfading glory.
Ataman Babych was confident in the victory of Russian weapons. He even refused to celebrate his 70th birthday, saying: "We will defeat Germany, then we will celebrate." But after February Revolution and the abdication of Nicholas II, Babych was broken by what he thought was a national catastrophe. By appealing to the citizens of the Kuban, in which the ataman urged "to be imbued with the spirit of the greatest humility, following the example of our kind, meek tsar, unparalleled in world history," Mikhail Pavlovich finally compromised himself before the new revolutionary government, and on March 11, 1917, a decree was issued on his removal from office .
Mikhail Pavlovich left his native Kuban and settled with his family in Minvody. But in vain did he hope to find peace here. Several times he was arrested by the Chekists, but quickly released, not finding corpus delicti in the old man's activities. But still, the Bolsheviks were haunted by the very personality of the emperor's faithful servant, the "damned counter-revolutionary."
On the night of August 6-7, an armed detachment led by the head of counterintelligence, sailor Ruban, came to Babych's apartment. Another thorough but fruitless search was carried out. Despite this, the old Cossack was taken away and taken to Pyatigorsk. Here Babych was tried and sentenced to death penalty. The old general was forced to dig his own grave. After that, the ataman was shot.
After the body of the old Cossack, they managed to take it to the then capital Yekaterinodar and bury it in the Catherine's Cathedral.
Many years have passed since then, but the memory of General Babych, a true Kuban patriot, is still alive among grateful descendants. And not without reason, on August 4, 1994, a memorial plaque was opened at the place where the ataman's family home stood.
Atamans of the Kuban Cossack army
Atamans of the Kuban Cossack army
Ludmila Privalova
Who, where are you from, free people,
Proud people - Cossacks,
Separate people came to these steppes
From the sea, from land or from the river?
Time lays torn roads,
Who abandoned the stirrups?
But the Cossacks left us
For history names...
People are strong and hot
Forged in the wind
Isn't it destiny itself,
To serve good?
Our time is a troubled time,
Whatever the day, the message of anxiety.
Time is vague, but not sad,
God is with us, and Russia, and honor!
K. Iskhakova
Interest in the past of the Kuban Cossacks on the part of the scientific community, the general population and participants in the revival is a powerful process today.
Society itself is interested in the revival of the Cossacks in modern conditions, there is an intensive search for optimal ways to use it.
The story will be about the chieftains of the Kuban Cossack army and the history and activities of the Gelendzhik city Cossack society at the present time.
There was complete equality among the Cossacks, and people who were distinguished by intelligence, knowledge, talents and personal merits were nominated and elected to leading positions. The Cossacks did not know any privileges due to origin, nobility of the family, wealth or any other grounds. Remote hundreds of miles from state centers, the Cossacks themselves had to create power for themselves on the spot. It was an elective power - the military and. Koshevoy ataman. The supreme executive body was the Military Government, which included 4 persons: ataman, judge, clerk and yesaul.
Scientists associate the origin of the word "ataman" with the Gothic dialect, where "atta" meant "father", and "mann" - "husband", that is, "father of husbands". Hence the appeal "dad - ataman" came from. This is how they address the ataman today. But the sole power of the ataman was limited by the norms of Orthodoxy and Cossack customs, and sometimes the ataman could not do anything without the decision of the Rada.
In practice, chieftains were the same Cossacks as all Cossacks, only endowed with special duties and vested with the full confidence of the Cossacks. This applies to the distant past, when the formation of the Kuban Cossack army had just begun.
Over time, a significant role in the development of the administrative administration of the Kuban began to be played by the kosh, military and atamans of the Black Sea, Caucasian linear and Kuban Cossack troops. Combining military and civil power, the chieftains already had significant powers and did a lot to strengthen the economy, improvement and social life of the Kuban. Their activities were carried out in line with the Russian state policy, but the interests of the Cossacks were not forgotten.
The fate and activities of the chieftains of the Kuban Cossack army are inseparable from historical events.
In 1829, according to the Adrianople peace treaty with the Ottoman Empire, the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus from the fortress of Ana to Poti, inhabited by Circassian tribes, went to Russia. In order to consolidate the acquired territory along the Caucasian coast, the construction of fortifications began, which began in 1831, when Russian troops landed in the Gelendzhik Bay. In general, from 1831 to 1842. 17 fortifications were erected on the Black Sea coast, which made up the Black Sea coastline
At the same time, construction began on another line from the Kuban to the Black Sea, called Gelendzhik, and stretching for more than 80 kilometers.
This territory was part of the Caucasian linear Cossack army, the first ataman of which was P.S. Verzilin. The management of a vast territory required considerable administrative skills. According to contemporaries, Verzilin, a purely military man, did not possess these abilities. Therefore, Emperor Nicholas 1, after visiting the North Caucasus in 1837, ordered the appointment of Major General S.S. Nikolaev. A hereditary Don Cossack, Stepan Stepanovich Nikolaev, thoroughly knowing the Cossack life, managed to do a lot for the well-being of the troops. Under him, 22 villages were founded, the development of the New Line began, and the "Regulations on the Caucasian Line Cossack Host" were approved. After his death, Major General F.A. was appointed in his place. Krukovsky, about whose exploits the linear Cossacks composed songs that far outlived their chieftain. He devoted all his activities free from campaigns to the organization of military life, inspected the villages, inspected the regiments. At the beginning of 1852, while taking a blockage on the Goite River in Chechnya, he was cut down by mountaineers.
The fourth ataman of the lineians was the head of the center of the Caucasian line, Major General Prince G.R. Eristov. He did not take office, as his health was undermined, and soon left for Tiflis.
The last chieftain of the army becameON THE. Rudzevich. Rudzevich was awarded many awards, participated in the Russian-Turkish and Caucasian wars, in the capture of Shamil. Historians consider his peacekeeping activity to be the most fruitful. Ataman Rudzevich achieved the dissolution of the reserve Cossack battalions from the cordon line, which allowed the Cossacks to take care of their household. He provided financial assistance to the settlers of the new villages, at his request the term of active Cossack service was reduced from 25 to 15 years. Among the Cossack population Rudzevich N.A. had great popularity.
Turning to the history of the settlement of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, we learn that on March 10, 1866. The Black Sea District was established as an independent unit within the Russian state. The settlement of this area was carried out at the expense of Cossack veterans who served for at least 20 years and took an active part in the hostilities. This is how the Shapsug coastal battalion was formed. The Cossacks of the battalion were settled in twelve coastal villages: Gelendzhik, Aderbievka, Pshadskaya, Nebugskaya, Velyaminovskaya, Georgievskaya.
Several hundred Cossacks with their families moved to Gelendzhik and the regions. The government hoped to turn the settlers into a reliable stronghold, to strengthen the protection of the borders and the defense capability of the Trans-Kuban region and the Black Sea coast.
Residents of the new settlements were not ready to work in the conditions local climate crop failures often occurred. Communication difficulties and the lack of qualified medical care led to high mortality. The settlers suffered from fever, scurvy, dropsy, and dysentery.
In addition to losses from disease, the Cossacks died in battles with the highlanders. Despite being exempted from military service, they had to protect their settlements.
It was a strange and cruel war - without a permanent enemy, without rules, without a front line, without pity for the enemy. In skirmishes and skirmishes, people died, cattle and prisoners were stolen.
In response to this, the Cossacks did the same: they burned villages, stole cattle.
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Vice-Governor, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army Cossack General Nikolai Doluda answers questions from the independent people's newspaper Volnaya Kuban.
Bio pages:
Nikolai Alexandrovich Doluda - Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army, Cossack General, Deputy Head of Administration (Governor) Krasnodar Territory.
In 1967-1971 he studied at the engineering college in the city of Sumy.
In 1976 he graduated from the Poltava Higher Military Anti-Aircraft Missile School, from 1983 to 1986 he was a student of the Military Academy of Air Defense Forces with a degree in combat operations management. Served in the Armed Forces for 28 years. In 1994 he was awarded the military rank of colonel.
From 1998 to 2001, Nikolai Doluda was deputy head - head of the administration of the city of Yeysk.
Since January 2001 - in the administration of the Krasnodar Territory: Deputy Chief of Staff, Head of the Social and Production Department of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Manager of Affairs of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Head of the Social and Production Department.
In 2004 he graduated from GOU VPO Rostov State the University of Economics- RINH, economist-manager.
In 2006, he was appointed deputy governor of the Krasnodar Territory, manager of affairs.
He is a member of the farm Cossack society "Officer Cossack hundred of the Yekaterinodar Cossack department of the Kuban Cossack army."
In November 2007, he was elected ataman of the Kuban Cossack army by the military assembly of the Kuban Cossack army. This decision was approved by the Decree of the President Russian Federation dated February 6, 2008.
By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 12, 2009 No. 265, the ataman of the Kuban military Cossack society, Nikolai Alexandrovich Doluda, was awarded the highest rank of Cossack general.
— Nikolai Alexandrovich, the tragic events in Anapa and Mingrelskaya literally shook the entire Kuban. These facts certainly testify to the offensive position of the Cossacks in our country. Everyday life, about the readiness for self-sacrifice, for a feat, laid down in the character of a Cossack for a long time!
- You are right: the whole history of the Kuban Cossacks is the history of service in the name of Russia, in the name of protecting its interests and the welfare of the people. From childhood, the Cossack was brought up in an atmosphere of readiness for a feat, and if necessary, for self-sacrifice. A song that is very popular among the Cossacks has survived to this day, in which it directly says: “Didas were able to lay their heads for Russia!”
The Kuban Cossacks accomplished many feats. Let's at least remember heroic deeds our ancestors: Lev Tikhovsky, Andrey Grechishkin, Yefim Gorbatko… own life and the lives of hundreds of Cossacks, they repelled the raids of the Zakubans, thereby protecting their villages from destruction. Every year, we hold commemorations at the places of their death. We educate today's youth on such examples.
There is a place for a feat in the history of the modern Kuban Cossack army. Our Cossacks fought in Afghanistan, Transnistria, Chechnya, Abkhazia, South Ossetia. During the Georgian-Abkhazian conflict, our Cossack Anatoly Sidorenko covered a grenade with his body, thereby saving his colleagues.
Sergei Osminin, who died recently in Mingrelskaya from a bandit's bullet, is an example of courage and heroism. This is a real Cossack. Not everyone dares to negotiate with an armed criminal. And he, knowing that there were hostages in the house, without a moment's hesitation, came to the rescue. This is a clear example of how the Kuban Cossacks relate to life.
You know that the head of the administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachev, has already signed a decree conferring the title of Hero of the Kuban on Sergei Osminin, and the award will have serial number 1. Cossack school No. 6 will be named after the Mingrelian ataman in his native village. The feat of ataman Osminin is not lost for centuries!
Yes, our life position is active! But we do not step on anyone - we just do everything so that the Fatherland and our motherland live the best you can!
— legitimate question: what conclusions were drawn from what happened in the Kuban Cossack army, so that this would not happen again?
- The events in Mingrelskaya once again proved that there are no superfluous fighters in the fight against crime - and it doesn’t matter whether it is major city or a small village. Therefore, the decision of the governor on the need to create Cossack patrols, working on an ongoing basis, came in handy.
But it imposes a huge responsibility on us. We have always approached the issue of selecting Cossack vigilantes very scrupulously, and in this case there should be no more random people! We not only carefully select combatants, but also take care of their professional training.
It is not at all necessary that, having gone out on patrol, the combatant will encounter an armed criminal. But he must always be ready for it! This is not only about traumatic weapons, the need for which for the squads for some reason is questioned by some regional and federal media. First of all, the Cossack must be in excellent physical form! That is why our combatants always go in for sports, mainly hand-to-hand combat.
“For six months already, the Cossacks, together with the police, have been serving in the protection of public order on an ongoing basis. Before that, there were so-called weekend squads. What is the difference and why are the new squads better than the old ones?
- The question is not quite right. Those and other squads work in parallel, clearly fulfill the tasks facing them, both of them act strictly according to the law. But they are organized not only in different time but on a different basis.
The Cossacks of the weekend squads patrol in their free time from their main work, that is, in the evenings and on weekends, when others are resting. And, unfortunately, not everyone relaxes calmly and culturally: the number of offenses and crimes, especially those committed in in public places, increases precisely on weekends and on Friday evenings. And here the help of the Cossacks is simply invaluable!
This is shown by the numbers: in 2012, 1630 Cossacks from the weekend squads, together with the police, carried out 97.8 thousand exits on duty (of which 2.4 thousand were on duty in transport). During this time, they helped the police identify and solve 250 crimes. No less than 27,000 administrative offenses were identified, 1,132 of which were in transport. So weekend squads are an effective tool for maintaining order! They not only were, they are and will be!
Other squads for the protection of public order, which began to work in all municipalities of the region on September 1, 2012, operate on an ongoing basis: for 1239 Cossacks this is the main place of work! They work not only on the streets and squares settlements, but also at stationary traffic police posts on the main roads in the region, at transport facilities. 24 Cossacks assist the police in Krasnaya Polyana.
Thanks to the creation of squads operating on a permanent basis, the density of patrols has increased significantly. Only in the first three months of work with the participation of the Cossacks, 178 crimes and about 32 thousand administrative offenses were revealed and solved. 625 cases of child neglect, 67 cases of illegal recruitment of foreign citizens to labor activity, found 50 wanted persons. The Ministry of Internal Affairs, as you remember, has already announced the creation of such squads as a pilot project, and people come to us for experience.
So I would not say which squads are better or worse, but rather summarized the effect of their activities.
- In 2008, the Council for Cossack Affairs was created under the President of the Russian Federation. Does it meet the aspirations, hopes and plans of the Cossacks, or are there problems that, alas, still need to be addressed and resolved? ..
“Thanks to the work of the Council, we have already managed to solve a lot. This is the right to rank and wearing shoulder straps, and a single Cossack uniform, developed taking into account the traditions of one or another registered army, and the issue of Cossack symbols - all this was approved by decrees of the President of Russia. A presidential decree approved new military banners and flags, and a patriarchal decree approved military banners. They were consecrated by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill, handed them over to us His Holiness Patriarch, President of Russia and Chairman of the Council ... All this testifies to a new stage in the history of the Cossacks.
In September 2012, the President signed the most important document - the Development Strategy public policy the Russian Federation with regard to Russian Cossacks until 2020. This means that the state has really turned its face to the Cossacks and is ready to cooperate with them. The role of the Council is also great in this.
At a recent March meeting of the Council, the issue of creating an All-Russian Cossack public organization, which will allow the now scattered Cossack structures of different regions to establish interaction and represent their interests at the federal level.
Much is being solved due to the fact that the Council under the President includes not only atamans of registered troops and clergymen, but also deputy ministers. It was possible to raise the status of the Cossack cadet corps: it is now comparable with the status of the Suvorov and Nakhimov schools. A competition for the best Cossack cadet corps was established. Registered Cossack troops received the right to establish under their auspices private security companies. All together, these are very serious steps towards our development.
- In the media of Russia, it is rather biasedly discussed modern life and the activities of the Cossacks, as well as their culture, traditions, morality and morality ... Often, the facts are distorted, the materials are biased, and there is a clear hostility to the revived Cossacks. What can you say about this as an ataman, as a citizen?
- I will say that, alas, this fits perfectly into the "black" channel of the desire to blow up Russia from the inside.
That this is exactly the case is proved by the behavior of the media “criticizing” us. Criticism is when they want to help, pointing out weak points kindly and without blasphemous blasphemy to the whole world. And we are witnessing with our own eyes attempts to create a negative image around the Cossacks, to say the least.
- Indeed, even the headlines “work” for this: “Will the Cossacks become robbers?”, “Why does the Cossack need a gun?”, “Alternative law enforcement agencies” ... Even if the material is not read out of disgust, it will be deposited in the subconscious!
And this is done purposefully and methodically!
Here, for example, is what one of the "independent" newspapers consistently wrote and writes. She calls the Cossack squads for the protection of public order “alternative law enforcement”, although the squads operate on the basis of federal and regional legislation and in conjunction with law enforcement agencies, and not in spite of them! This was posted on March 11 this year.
And earlier, on January 21, the same newspaper issued a provocative statement: “But the fact remains - the Cossack formations with their unclear legal status and unclear sphere of responsibility will now receive weapons ... And this will be done, as you might guess, with our money ... Necessary funds for the purchase of a large batch of "injury" will be allocated from the regional budget.
In this regard, I would like to emphasize: calling the Cossack people's squads a formation is not a mistake of an illiterate journalist, it is a deliberate substitution, because the word “formation” evokes only one association among people who survived the 90s: “armed bandit formations”.
They want to present the Cossacks just like that. Like, legal status Cossack squads is unclear, responsibility is also, but they will be given weapons and even paid from the regional treasury. And the treasury, as you know, is formed, including from taxes. What should the layman think in such a situation?
Not everyone, even a completely legally literate person, knows that according to the law traumatic weapon everyone (every citizen of Russia!) has the right to buy only himself. At the same time, he must pass a medical examination, all checks and obtain permission. What is the treasury and what is the regional budget?!
Here we see something else - the conscious demonization of the Cossacks and inciting other peoples and other segments of the population against them. I repeat: conscious, because not a single material pointing to “mistakes” and “weak legal literacy” appeared in the newspaper! But the newspaper is responsible for the content, this is its editorial policy!
The Cossacks have always been the backbone of their country, and if they are united, if they are strong, they are invincible! This means that Russia is also invincible. Even after going through the most severe repressions, genocide, the Cossacks retained their morality, spirituality, strong foundations of life. We teach our children diligence, decency, patriotism. And everyone who sees this with their own eyes is imbued with the deepest respect for the Cossack people ...
— We know how closely the Russian Orthodox Church and the Kuban Cossack army. Recently in our region, by decision Holy Synod The ROC formed a metropolis, which includes five dioceses. How do you, Nikolai Alexandrovich, as an ataman and a true believer, assess what happened? How will relations between the Kuban army and the newly formed dioceses be built?
— Both as a believer and as an ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, I rejoice that the diocese of Ekaterinodar and Kuban, headed by His Eminence Metropolitan Isidore, has become so strong that it has risen to the metropolis. This is the natural fruit of Vladyka's labors, and I congratulated him from the bottom of my heart.
Relations with the metropolitanate as a whole and with the individual dioceses that make up it are now being built in the same way as before: we are working together so that the original Cossack spirituality, which has been destroyed for so many decades, is revived and strengthened. And now this work will become even closer and more intense.
For example, before the transformation of the Yekaterinodar and Kuban diocese into a metropolis, the presence of Vladyka Isidore at the gathering of even the largest department of the Kuban Cossack army was (due to his enormous employment) difficult: His Eminence alone carried the entire hierarchal burden. But the presence of a bishop is not only an indicator of respect and attention to the Cossacks. This is the most powerful spiritual incentive for the churching of the Cossacks and their families, the way to the revival of our traditional spirituality!
Now, each of the five dioceses covers a smaller number of departments of the army, and, accordingly, a smaller number of district Cossack societies. This means that each lord and each separate (district) ataman will be able to meet more often and work more closely. After all, the Cossacks are still building and restoring churches, patronizing the parishes. And in many parishes, they and their families form the backbone of communities. I am sure that now the process of churching the Cossacks will become more intense. I am also sure that soon the newly appointed archpastors will be blessed by the metropolitan to participate in both reporting and election and reporting meetings of departments and districts. At the end of March, deans from the newly formed dioceses were participants in a meeting of the council of atamans of the KKV and discussed with them the issues of the revival of the Cossacks precisely as the army of Christ. And, I can assure you, they discussed it very actively and with interest.
- In the good old days, and in Soviet years the cult of the family as a cell of society was preserved. We know that you pay great attention to the revival of the best traditions in Cossack families. Are there positive changes taking place here? Is it possible to restore what was lost? And even more so to resist what today is aimed at destroying (let's not be afraid of this word) family foundations - many TV shows, the Internet and the yellow press?
- For the Cossack and the Cossack, the family has always been a shrine, and it remains so. During the time of decossackization and genocide, when even pronouncing the word “Cossack” was life-threatening, it was the traditions by which Cossack families lived at all times that allowed our people to survive and maintain integrity, not to dissolve in the general mass.
Yes, much is being purposefully done now not just for destruction, but for the destruction of the institution of the family as such. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to rid society of "black" propaganda. I, as an ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, raised and raise this issue everywhere and at every opportunity: both at meetings of the Council for Cossack Affairs under the President of the Russian Federation, and at a meeting on spiritual, moral and patriotic education under the chairmanship of the head of state, and at the World Congress of Cossacks. This is a security issue for all of Russia!
But to expect that this is enough is wrong. We need to act ourselves. It is quite well known how we bring up our children and young Cossacks in this regard. But the fact that work with Cossack families, the return to the Cossack family of its highest status in last years became one of the main priorities of the Kuban Cossack army, so far much less is known.
Nevertheless, you probably already noticed that two of our main holidays - the anniversary of the Kuban Cossack army according to the seniority of its oldest regiment and the Day of the Kuban Cossacks since 2011, we are no longer celebrating in Krasnodar, but directly in the historical departments and district of the army. And every time we appoint a “capital” for these holidays, in which the parade and main celebrations take place. Parents, wives, children, brothers and sisters of Cossack troops from the municipalities have the opportunity to come to the annual parade in honor of the Day of Rehabilitation of the Cossacks and the anniversary of the signing of the Law on the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples.
We do this just to emphasize the prestige of the family, to give it the opportunity to maintain its unity. Since January 2008, we have been holding Ataman Christmas trees of all levels, to which children come with their parents. For two years now, not only Cossacks, but also members of their families have been sent to celebrate the anniversary of the landing of the Cossacks on Taman. Family members also participate in all Cossack commemorations ...
- In the Kuban, under the auspices of the KKV, there are already six cadet corps, dozens of Cossack schools and hundreds of Cossack classes. The right direction has been chosen in reviving the best Cossack traditions, culture, and passing them on to future generations! "Free Kuban", by the way, constantly talks about this wonderful experience. Will cadet corps still open in the region? And what is the relationship between the KKV and the Presidential cadet corps, opened a year ago in Krasnodar?
- I am grateful to your newspaper for the persistent propaganda of our unique system Cossack education: our society really needs it! In that academic year the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation on the territory of the army increased to 1576, directly in the Kuban - up to 1300. This is about 35 thousand Cossacks. But, alas, this is no more than five percent of all students! But we teach what is valuable and dear to any people: to respect work, to honor elders, to love your land and your country, to live according to the traditions and customs of the Cossack people, to be truly religious people. Therefore, the head of the region, Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachev, requires us to cover at least 40 percent of Kuban children and youth with a network of "Cossack" education.
Now for us the most important task- systematic and qualitative increase in the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation, involvement in them more students. With regard to the Cossack cadet corps: in two of them, Yeisk and Primorsko-Akhtar, in the near future the number of pupils will increase to two hundred and one hundred, respectively. We do not plan to open new cadet corps for boys yet, but there are plans to create a school for Cossack girls.
Why, while increasing the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation, we do not strive to increase the number of Cossack cadet corps, although six is not so much? We have already, in principle, covered the entire region with their network, and now it is important for us to create such a system of Kuban Cossack cadet education that will allow us to educate not only highly educated, intellectually developed, but also spiritually rich people. After all, graduates of the Kuban Cossack cadet corps are the backbone of the elite. And the elite must first of all be spiritually developed, selfless, patriotic, selflessly devoted to their native land and their people. She must be a model!
We are already seeing the first results of this system. Our cadet corps are constantly among the best in Russia: last year, two out of six corps entered the top ten. Cadets of the Kropotkin Cossack Corps, for example, became the undisputed winners of the All-Russian Cossack Game "Cossack Flash" and won 101 medals at once. To fight like that, you need to have a real Cossack spirit!
Yes, we are raising the bar high. But the army expects that, having matured, the pupils of the cadet corps will become chieftains of all levels, that they will continue to preserve and develop our Cossack people, will finally approve its customs, traditions, its culture and spiritual values ... With the Presidential Cadet Corps, created in city of Krasnodar, our relationship is just being established. My deputies have already given lectures there about the Cossacks, their history, traditions, culture...
— Nikolai Alexandrovich, as vice-governor, you oversee the most important areas in the regional administration. It is already impossible to imagine the governor's team without such a colorful personality as you are. If it's not a secret, how do you manage to do everything? Where or where do you draw strength?
- You have to keep up mainly due to sleep. Of course, a lot is achieved thanks to the efficient work of my team — deputies, chieftains of all levels, commanders of squads and mobile groups, if we are talking about the army. And in the administration of the region - thanks to the ministers, heads of departments and departments and, accordingly, their teams.
I draw strength from my family, whom I love very much! In sports, good books and trusted friends...
Black Sea Cossack army
Chepega Zakhary Alekseevich
Army foreman, ataman of the Faithful Army of the Black Sea Cossacks, and later the Black Sea Cossack Army from July 3, 1788 to January 14, 1797.
One of the three Zaporizhzhya foremen, to whom the Black Sea army owes its appearance. He organized and led the resettlement of the Black Sea Cossacks to the Taman Peninsula. Founder of the city of Yekaterinodar.
Golovaty Anton Andreevich
Army foreman, military judge, ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from January 15 to January 29, 1797.
Received a letter of commendation from Empress Catherine II, according to which the Black Sea Cossack army was granted Taman with the adjacent part Kuban land. One of the authors of The Order of Common Benefit.
Kotlyarevsky Timofey Terentyevich
Major General, military clerk, and later military ataman Black Sea Cossack Host from June 27, 1797 to November 15, 1799.
He contributed to the internal ordering in the Black Sea Cossack army, petitioned Emperor Paul I to preserve the traditional Cossack self-government.
Bursak Fedor Yakovlevich
Major General, military ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from December 22, 1799 to 1816.
The first of the atamans, who achieved the highest permission for retaliatory campaigns for the Kuban. He opened the first military school and the first school, later transformed into a gymnasium.
Matveev Grigory Kondratievich
Colonel, chief ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from March 23, 1816 to January 18, 1827
Bezkrovny Alexey Danilovich
Major General, Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack Army from September 27, 1827 to 1830. Participant Patriotic War 1812, distinguished himself in the capture of the Turkish fortress of Anapa.
Zavodovsky Nikolai Stepanovich
General from the cavalry, commander of the troops on the Caucasian line and in the Black Sea coast, the chief ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from 1830 to 1853. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812.
Rasp Grigory Antonovich
Lieutenant General, commander of the Black Sea cordon line, chief of staff, correcting the post of ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from 1844 to 1852. The initiator of the creation of the first military women's school. Contributed to the development of relations with the highlanders in a peaceful way.
Kukharenko Yakov Gerasimovich
Major General, correcting the post of chief of staff and chief ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from October 19, 1852 to June 30, 1856. One of the initiators of the unification of the Black Sea and Linear Cossack troops.
Kuban historian, writer and ethnographer.
Philipson Grigory Ivanovich
Infantry general, commander of the troops of the right wing of the Caucasian line and chief of staff of the Caucasian army. Punishment chieftain of the Black Sea Cossack army from November 6, 1855 to September 12, 1860. He paid great attention to the internal life and position of the Cossack population.
Kusakov Lev Ivanovich
Major-general, correcting the post of ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army October 1, 1860 to May 5, 1861
Caucasian linear Cossack army
Verzilin Pyotr Semyonovich
Major General, the first ataman of the Caucasian linear Cossack army from June 25, 1832 to October 31, 1837. Contributed to the organization of service and the inner life of linear Cossacks. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812.
Nikolaev Stepan Stepanovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Caucasian Line Cossack Army from October 31, 1837 to 1849. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812. He made a great contribution to the system of internal organization and improvement of the troops. Organizer of the settlement of the Labinsk and Sunzha cordon lines.
Krukovsky Felix Antonovich
Major General, Ataman of the Caucasian Line Cossack Army from February 8, 1848 to January 19, 1852. He was twice awarded the royal favor for exemplary order in the Cossack linear regiments.
Eristov Georgy Romanovich
Prince, general of the cavalry, chief ataman of the Caucasian linear Cossack army from February 18, 1852 to May 15, 1855. Contributed to a number of important economic transformations in the Caucasian linear Cossack army.
Rudzevich Nikolai Alexandrovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Caucasian Line Cossack Army from May 15, 1855 to 1860.
He provided great support to the Cossack families who moved to the front lines. He achieved the dissolution of the reserve Cossack battalions from the cordon line, which allowed the Cossacks to take care of their household. He achieved a reduction in the term of the Cossack service to 15 years.
Kuban Cossack army
Evdokimov Nikolai Nikolaevich
Lieutenant General, First Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army (from 11/19/1860 to 08/30/1861)
Ivanov Nikolai Agapovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from August 31, 1861 to August 23, 1863. The second chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army. Contributed to the organization of military administration and streamlining the new Kuban Cossack army.
Sumarokov-Elston Felix Nikolaevich
Count, adjutant general, ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from 1863 to 1869. Contributed to mass and widespread development public education.
Tsakni Mikhail Argirievich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from February 3, 1869 to June 14, 1873.
He contributed to the demarcation of land in the Kuban region, as a result of which the forms of Cossack land use were finally established.
Karmalin Nikolai Nikolaevich
General from infantry, ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from 1873 to 1882.
He made a great contribution to the economic and cultural upsurge of the Kuban region.
Sheremetiev Sergey Alekseevich
Adjutant general, cavalry general, ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from January 29, 1882 to February 8, 1884. He was the commander of His Imperial Majesty the Convoy. He paid special attention to improving the situation of the Cossack villages of the Trans-Kuban region.
Leonov Grigory Alekseevich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from March 29, 1884 to January 21, 1892. He was the chairman of the commission for the arrangement of the Kuban and Terek troops. Contributed economic development Kuban region, the development of public education and village self-government.
Malama Yakov Dmitrievich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from February 21, 1892 to 1904. Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878. Modernized the methods and principles of command and control of the army. Organized the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the KKV.
Odintsov Dmitry Alexandrovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from November 11, 1904 to March 29, 1906. Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878. Organizer of four partial mobilizations during the years of the first Russian revolution. Contributed to the suppression of uprisings of the plastun battalions and the 2nd Urupsky regiment during the years of the First Russian Revolution.
Mikhailov Nikolay Ivanovich
Lieutenant general. Punishment ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from 03/29/1906 to 02/03/1906. 1908
Babych Mikhail Pavlovich
General of infantry, chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from February 3, 1908 to March 26, 1917.
Contributed to the opening of many schools, colleges, exhibitions and monuments. paid attention to the development democratic traditions Cossacks. Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878.
Filimonov Alexander Petrovich
Lieutenant general. Head of the Kuban region and military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army from 1917 to 1919.
Uspensky Nikolay Mitrofanovich
Major General. Head of the Kuban region and military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army from 1919 to 1920.
Bukretov Nikolai Andrianovich
Lieutenant general. Head of the Kuban region and military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army from January to March 1920
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