An example of a research practice report. Report on the research practice of a master student, example

Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, Physics and Technology

Department of Informatics and Methods of Teaching Informatics

REPORT

in research practice

Performed):

master student of the 1st year of study

Faculty of MIFIT

Agreed: scientific director

d.p.s., professor

Omsk - 2013

PLAN

research practice undergraduate

Gordeichik Elena Ivanovna

for the period from 01/07/2013 to 01/19/2013

(master's program "IT in education", 1st year of study)

Dissertation topic: "Distance educational technologies as a means of developing children's giftedness (basic school)"

Head of the master's program ____________________

Practice leader _______________________

Scientific adviser _______________________

The relevance of research

The development of a system for searching, supporting and accompanying talented children is the basis for the modernization of Russian education.

The former educational translational-reproductive paradigm, which trained personnel for the outgoing industrial society, is ineffective in the current conditions of global uncertainty, instability, and constant change.

Working with gifted children is a key link, thanks to which it is possible to overcome both the educational and cultural-ideological, anthropological crisis experienced by modern civilization, which is in dire need of creative, independent, responsible, competent, integral personalities.

An interdisciplinary approach to building the content of education and a model of creative education, having emerged and clearly manifested itself in pedagogical work with gifted children, can and should be applied in broad educational practice, since most children are potentially gifted.

The current social and economic situation in the country has contributed to the emergence of a new education strategy, the development of a technological approach to learning, a new understanding of the content and the very goals of school education. In this period, the system of student-centered learning is several orders of magnitude ahead of the knowledge model of education.

Improving the quality of general education, corresponding to the level of scientific and technological progress and social development, has always been the primary task of the education system. It is especially acute today - in the era of socio-economic transformations and the expansion of informatization of the educational space.

In addition, the problem of working with gifted students is extremely relevant for modern Russian society. That is why it is so important to determine the main tasks and areas of work with gifted children in the general education system, as well as in terms of the use of e-learning, distance learning technologies.

contradictions

Between the traditional content of education and the modernization of this content in accordance with the new opportunities and demands of modern information civilization;

Between the traditional classical teaching of computer science at school and a differentiated approach aimed at developing children's giftedness;

Between the simplified, stereotyped understanding of informatization as “the organization of computer classes” and the complexity of the real process of integrating ICT into school life;

Between effective models for the use of ICT in the educational process and the existing regulatory framework that constrains such use;

Between the high potential of information technologies and the lack of analysis of the best practices of their use in a public school.

Problem

Theoretical and practical substantiation of the solution of organizational and pedagogical tasks for the introduction of distance learning technologies in the system of general education when working with gifted children.

Research topic:"Distance educational technologies as a means of developing children's giftedness (basic school)"

Object and subject of research

The object of the study is the process of teaching gifted students of primary school based on the use of distance learning technologies.

The subject of the research is the use of distance learning technologies aimed at effectively solving the problem of working with gifted children in basic school.

The purpose of the study: to identify and substantiate methodological principles, to develop scientific and pedagogical support (model) for the effective use of distance learning technologies for teaching gifted children (basic school).

Research hypothesis

The methodology and practice of DOT as a means of developing children's giftedness can be built as a design system, subject to coordination and balance in terms of time, funding and other parameters for the implementation of the following processes:

Changing the content of education and certification, taking into account new priorities in relation to the goals of education and the processes taking place in the social environment;

Formation and support in the education system of personnel potential with professional ICT competence, involvement of parents, the public, and government officials in the process of working with gifted children;

Providing students and teachers with access to an open information space controlled for educational purposes;

Providing students and teachers with tools for searching, collecting, analyzing, organizing, presenting, transmitting information, modeling and designing, organizing the educational process;

Changes in the regulatory framework for general education and local regulatory framework educational institutions, including educational standards and programs, norms governing the way of school, subject to the coexistence of both an updated regulatory framework and a traditional one;

Transformation of the educational process, professionally implemented by ICT-competent teachers, whose activities should be provided with technical and methodological support, in order to effectively achieve priority and long-term educational goals.

Research objectives

Develop and substantiate a project of scientific and pedagogical support for the process of working with gifted children, focused on priority, socially motivated educational goals and results achieved through the use of ICT and DOT tools.

To develop organizational and pedagogical requirements for the consistency and harmony of the process of working with gifted children, optimizing the impact of the main factors that affect the effectiveness of working with gifted children.

To develop a pedagogical model "Program of work with gifted children of the main school", which implements a modern system of priorities for general education based on information and communication technologies.

Develop and implement a model of general education using distance learning technologies for gifted children of primary school.

Research methods

Theoretical analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, methodical, educational and technical literature on the research problem;

Analysis and generalization of theoretical studies on the introduction of individual distance learning technologies, on the methodological foundations for the use of information and communication tools in general education;

Analysis of the practical experience of Russian and foreign schools;

Conducting comparative international studies, including SITES, and analyzing their results in accordance with international methods;

Analysis and discussion of the results of the study with specialists, psychologists, class teachers, subject teachers at scientific and methodological conferences, meetings and seminars;

Observation, conversations, questioning, testing of students and teachers;

Pedagogical experiment on the basis of a secondary school.

Research in the field of theory and methods of teaching (, , etc.);

Fundamental works on the history and current state of education in the world (,);

scientific and methodological work on the problems of enhancing the cognitive activity of students, on humanization, differentiation and individualization of education, on the development of students' creative abilities (,, etc.);

Researches devoted to the general issues of the introduction of information technologies in education (, , etc.);

Works on special psychology and pedagogy (, etc.)

As well as various scientific and pedagogical articles, monographs and manuals of domestic and foreign scientists on the problem under study; regulatory and legal acts; research in the field of informatics and technical aspects of the functioning of information technologies in education; publications in periodicals on relevant topics; proceedings of Russian and international conferences, seminars, working groups; statistical materials; standardization documents; Internet sites covering the current state of informatization of general education.

Materials for the ascertaining stage of the experiment

The purpose of the ascertaining stage of the pedagogical experiment is to determine the level of giftedness of students in the basic school.

Tasks of the ascertaining experiment

1) determine the criteria for the level of giftedness of schoolchildren of the main link;

2) select diagnostic material and equipment;

3) to diagnose the level of giftedness in the experimental and control groups.

Research methods

Identification of children with extraordinary abilities is a complex and multifaceted problem. So far in science and teaching practice presented two opposite points of view on giftedness. Supporters of one of them believe that every normal child is gifted and it is only necessary to notice a specific type of abilities in time and develop them. According to researchers who share the opposite point of view, giftedness is a very rare phenomenon, inherent only in a small percentage of people, so the phenomenon of a gifted child is like a painstaking search for grains of gold.

Considering the problems of giftedness, he singled out the following main stages through which the development of the idea of ​​general giftedness passed:

The desire to identify giftedness with a separate mental function;

Recognition that giftedness can manifest itself in a whole group of mental functions;

Differentiation in any rational activity of two factors: specific for this type of activity and general, which Ch. Spearman considered giftedness;

Giftedness as an average of a number of different functions;

Recognition of the existence of many types of giftedness.

One of the ways to assess the giftedness of children is the result of their participation in various olympiads, projects and competitions, including remote ones. Typically, these results are reflected in the student's portfolio.

A powerful modern tool for diagnosing giftedness are tests aimed at assessing intelligence and creativity. The use of tests, however, presupposes professional psychological preparation. In some tests, similar to the D. Wexler test, it is necessary to evaluate the answers of the subjects in points, which requires significant practical experience. In other cases (for example, with computerized tests), the responses are evaluated automatically, but the problem of interpreting the results still remains, which can only be correctly performed by a qualified psychologist. Testing conclusions should be correlated with the results of observing the student's behavior in the classroom, the opinion of parents, etc. Also, the choice of one or another test or battery of tests for examining a student depends on the tasks of testing and the entire context of the school situation.

Prominent American psychologists J. Renzulli, R. Hartman and K. Calahan were the coordinators of the creation of the concept and system of work with gifted children. They were collected research work scientists from all over the world devoted to the problems of children's and youthful giftedness.

Based on this work, Renzulli, Hartman, and Calahan set out to create a reliable and valid tool for objective peer review by teachers of various aspects of child giftedness. Four types of giftedness were selected: (1) learning ability, (2) motivational and personal characteristics, (3) creative abilities (creativity) and (4) leadership abilities.

These tests are adapted for experimentation by teachers.

Experimental base

On the basis of the 9th (information) class of the school, 2 groups were created - control and experimental. To carry out the ascertaining experiment, J. Renzulli and co-authors (1977) adapted scales for rating the behavioral characteristics of gifted schoolchildren were chosen. (Attachment 1)

These scales are designed so that the teacher can assess the characteristics of students in the cognitive, motivational, creative and leadership areas. Each item on the scale should be evaluated independently of other items. The score should reflect how often the teacher observes the manifestation of each of the characteristics.

This scale is filled by all teachers who work enough long time with baby.

Estimates of different teachers are compared, discussed, in controversial cases it is necessary to ask to describe specific situations in which this or that characteristic manifested itself. In case of doubt, it is better to make a collective decision in favor of the child, that is, to give a chance to show himself in a special program to study the influence of distance education on the development of giftedness.

For the purity of the experiment, this scale is also proposed to parents and the students themselves, and mutual evaluation is also assumed.

After identifying the level of giftedness of 9th grade students of the experimental group, a telecommunications project will be carried out with them, as a result of which they will also be asked to evaluate themselves on these scales.

Surname, name of the student _________________

The date __________

School No. ______________ Class ______________

Age_________________

How long have you known this child?

______________________

Instruction. These scales are designed so that the teacher can assess the characteristics of students in the cognitive, motivational, creative and leadership areas. Each item on the scale should be evaluated independently of other items. Your rating should reflect how often you observed the manifestation of each of the characteristics. Since the four scales represent relatively different aspects of behavior, scores on different scales are not summed.

Please read the statements carefully and circle the appropriate number as described below:

1 - if you almost never observe this characteristic.

2 - if you observe this characteristic from time to time.

3 - if you observe this characteristic quite often.

4 - if you observe this characteristic almost all the time.

Scale I. Cognitive characteristics of the student

1. Has an unusually large vocabulary for this age or class; uses terms with understanding; speech is characterized by richness of expression, fluency and complexity

2. Has a wealth of information on a variety of topics (outside the normal interests of children of this age)

3. Quickly memorizes and reproduces factual information

4. Easily grasps causal relationships; trying to understand "how" and "why"; asks a lot of thought-provoking questions (as opposed to fact-finding questions); wants to know what underlies the phenomena and actions of people

5. Sensitive and quick-witted observer; usually "sees more" or "gets more" than others from a story, a movie, from what's going on

Multiply by the appropriate factor

Add up the numbers

General indicator

Scale II. Motivational characteristics

1. Completely "leaves" in certain topics, problems; persistently strives to complete what has been started (it is difficult to attract to another topic, task)

2. Easily bored with normal tasks

3. Strives for excellence; self-critical

4. Prefers to work independently; requires only minimal direction from the teacher

5. Has a tendency to organize people, objects, situations

Count the number of circled digits for each column _ _ _ _

Add up the numbers

General indicator

Scale III. Leadership characteristics

1. Shows responsibility; does what it promises and usually does it well

2. Feels confident with both peers and adults; feels good when she/he is asked to show their work to the class

3. Clearly expresses his thoughts and feelings; well and usually understandable

4. Likes to be with people, outgoing/outgoing and prefers not to be alone

5. Has a tendency to dominate others; usually directs the activities in which it participates

Count the number of circled digits for each column _ _ _ _

Multiply by the appropriate weight

Add up the numbers

General indicator

Scale IV. Creative characteristics

1. Shows great curiosity about many things; asks questions all the time

2. Brings up a large number of ideas or solutions to problems and answers to questions; offers unusual, original, smart answers

3. Expresses his opinion without hesitation; sometimes radical and hot in discussions; persistent

4. Likes to take risks; has a penchant for adventure

5. Tendency to play with ideas; fantasizes, invents (“I wonder what will happen if ...”); busy adapting, improving and changing public institutions, objects and systems

6. Shows a subtle sense of humor and sees humor in situations that others don't find funny.

7. Extraordinarily sensitive / sensitive to internal impulses and more open / but to the irrational in oneself (freer expression of "girlish" interests in boys, greater independence in girls); emotionally sensitive

8. Sensitive / sensitive to beauty; draws attention to the aesthetic aspects of life

9. Not subject to the influence of the group; accepts disorder; not interested in details; not afraid to be different / different from others

10. Gives constructive criticism; disinclined/disinclined to accept authority without critical scrutiny

Count the number of circled digits for each column _ _ _ _

Multiply by the appropriate weight

Add up the numbers

General indicator

Bibliographic list

1. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated January 1, 2001 “On the implementation of the national educational initiative"Our new school";

2. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.g. No. 000 "On measures to implement state policy in the field of education and science";

3. The concept of a nationwide system for identifying and developing young talents, adopted on 04/03/2012;

4. A set of measures for the implementation of the Concept of the Russian national system for identifying and developing young talents dated 01.01.2001

5. the federal law dated 01.01.2001 N 11-FZ "On Amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" in terms of the use of e-learning, distance learning technologies";

6. Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated 01.01.2001 No. 06-1260 “Methodological recommendations on the issues of interaction between institutions of general, additional and vocational education in the formation of an individual educational trajectory for gifted children”.

7. Diagnostics of creativity. Torrance test. Methodological guide. St. Petersburg: Imaton, 1998.

8. Psychodiagnostics of creative thinking. Creative tests. SPb.: SPbUPM, 1997. 2nd edition: SPb.: Didaktika Plus, 2002.

9. Johnson Creativity Inventory. St. Petersburg: SPbUPM, 1997.

10. Modified Williams creative tests. St. Petersburg: Speech, 2003.

11. J. S. Renzulli, R. K. Hartman. Scale for rating behavioral characteristics of superior students. Exceptional Children, 1971, p. 38, 243-248.

FGBOU VPO

State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals

Department of Statistics and Economic Analysis

Guidelines for doing independent work

on educational practice for research

for bachelors direction 080100 "Economics"

profile "Statistics"

form of education: "full-time, part-time"

Tyumen-2013

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals

INSTITUTE OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE

Department of Statistics and Economic Analysis

APPROVE

Vice-rector

For educational and methodological work

______________________

"_____" _____________ 2012

Research Practice Program

Direction of training

080100.68 "Economics"

Tyumen 2014

The objectives of the research practice of bachelors- this is a type of research work aimed at familiarizing with the basics of scientific activity and scientific research, consolidating theoretical and practical knowledge gained directly in the learning process.

Tasks of research practice:

Drawing up a plan for an empirical study, setting a goal, formulating the main objectives of the study;

Mastering the basic methods of collecting, processing the information received;

Acquisition of basic skills in working with bibliographic literature, compiling a list of used bibliographic literature

Generalization and preparation of the main results of research work.

Place of research practice in the PEP of bachelors:

The research practice of bachelors studying in accordance with the federal state educational standards of higher professional education is a mandatory section of the basic educational program of the bachelor and is aimed at general cultural and professional competencies in accordance with the requirements of this Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education and the university's general educational program.

"Input" knowledge, skills and readiness of the student, necessary for the successful completion of the research practice:

The student must know:

The main patterns of functioning of the modern economy;

The student must be able to:

Independently acquire and use in practice new knowledge and skills, including new areas of knowledge that are not directly related to the field of activity;

The ability to present research results in the form of an article or report;

Summarize and critically evaluate the results obtained by domestic and foreign researchers.

The student must own:

Possess the skills of public and scientific speech

Possess the ability to substantiate the relevance, theoretical and practical significance of the chosen topic of scientific research

Independent research skills.

Forms of research practice:

The teachers of the department are appointed as the leaders of the research practice from the Academy.

Research practice takes place in accordance with the practice schedule. The bachelor independently chooses a research topic from the presented topics.

Competences of the student, formed as a result of passing the research practice of bachelors in the direction of preparation "Economics":

1. General cultural competencies(OK):

1.1 the ability to independently master new research methods, to change the scientific and scientific and production profile of their professional activities (OK-2);

1.2. the ability to independently acquire and use in practice new knowledge and skills, including new areas of knowledge not directly related to the field of activity (OK-3);

1.3 have the skills of public and scientific speech(OK-6).

Professional competencies (PC):

the ability to generalize and critically evaluate the results obtained by domestic and foreign researchers, to identify promising directions, draw up a research program (PC-1);

the ability to substantiate the relevance, theoretical and practical significance of the chosen topic of scientific research (PC-2);

the ability to conduct independent research in accordance with the developed program (PC-3);

the ability to present the results of the study in the form of an article or report (PC-4).

Basic didactic units (sections of the research practice program)

Organizational work. Participation in introductory and final meetings and practice consultations. Preparation of the necessary documentation on the results of the practice.

Theoretical work involves familiarization with the main scientific literature on the chosen research topic. Justification of the relevance of the research topic, setting the goal of the study and the formulation of the main objectives of the study and the plan for conducting research activities.

Practical work is to organize, conduct and control research procedures, collect information, conduct your own research.

Generalization of the obtained results includes a generalization of the data obtained, the design of theoretical materials in the form of a scientific report.

Structure and content of research practice.

The total labor intensity of research practice is ... weeks, .... credits, ...... hours.

Educational, research and scientific production technologies used in research practice.

In the process of organizing research practice, the head of the department should apply modern educational and research and production technologies.

- multimedia technologies when conducting an introductory lecture and briefing with students during the practice, the audience must be equipped with a screen, video projector, personal computer.

- Computer techologies and software products necessary for collecting and systematizing information, carrying out the necessary calculations.

- E-library and necessary Internet resources.

Practice Report Forms.

Research practice is evaluated by the supervisor on the basis of a written scientific report.

Certification is carried out based on the results of practice on the basis of the defense of a formalized scientific report. Based on the results of a positive attestation, an assessment is made (excellent, good, satisfactory) on a five-point scale in the statement and record book.

The scientific report on the practice should have the following structure:

Since a scientific work is a qualifying work (dissertation, diploma, term paper), it is evaluated not only by theoretical scientific value, practical significance, relevance of the topic and applied value of the results obtained, but also by the level of general methodological preparation of this scientific work, which, first of all, is reflected in his composition.

Of course, there is not and cannot be any standard for choosing the composition of scientific work, since each author is free to choose any system and order of organization of scientific materials in order to obtain their external arrangement and internal logical connection in the form that he considers best, most convincing for disclosure. your creative intention. Traditionally, a certain compositional structure of a scientific work has developed, the main elements of which, in order of arrangement, are the following:

1. Title page

3. Introduction

4. Chapters of the main part

5. Conclusion

6. Bibliographic list

7. Applications

8. Auxiliary pointers

The title page is the first page of a scientific work and is filled out according to strictly defined rules, separate for a scientific report, dissertation, thesis (project), term paper.

On the optical middle of the title page, the title of the scientific work is given, which, if possible, should be concise, accurate and correspond to its main content.

After the title page, a table of contents is placed, which lists all the titles of the work (sections, chapters, paragraphs), except for the subtitles that go into the selection with the text, and indicates the pages from which they begin. Table of contents headings should exactly repeat the headings in the text. It is impossible to reduce or give them in a different wording, sequence and subordination compared to the headings in the text.

Headings of the same rubrication levels should be placed under each other. The headings of each subsequent stage are recommended to be shifted 3–5 characters to the right in relation to the headings of the previous stage.

The numbering of headings is done according to the indexing system, that is, with digital designations containing in all steps, except for the first, the number of both its own heading and the headings to which it is subordinate.

Introduction the work includes a rationale for the relevance of the chosen topic, the purpose and content of the tasks set, the object and subject of the study are formulated, the methodological base (basis) of the study is indicated with the names of the leading scientists in this field of study and the main sources of information (official, scientific, literary, bibliographic), the chosen method (or methods) of the research, it is reported what the theoretical significance and applied value of the results obtained are, and also the main provisions that are submitted for defense are noted.

At the end of the introduction, it is desirable to disclose the structure of the work, i.e. give a list of its structural elements and justify the sequence of their location.

In the chapters of the main part of the scientific work, the methodology and technique of the study are considered in detail and the results are summarized. All materials that are not essential for understanding the solution of a scientific problem are included in the appendix.

At the end of the scientific report (work), a conclusion is drawn up, which is a synthesis of a consistent, logically coherent presentation of the final results obtained and their relationship with the general goal and specific tasks set in the introduction. It is here that the so-called "inferential" knowledge is contained, which is new in relation to the original knowledge and which is submitted for discussion and evaluation of the scientific community, and the defense of scientific work.

This new knowledge should not be replaced by a mechanical summing up of conclusions at the end of the chapters, but should contain something new, essential, which reflects and constitutes the final results of the study, while not only its scientific novelty and theoretical significance, but also practical value, arising from the final results, is indicated.

The conclusion also implies the presence of a generalized final assessment of the work done, especially what is its main meaning, what important side results have been obtained, what new scientific tasks arise in connection with the study, all this complements the description of the theoretical level of the study, shows the level of professional and scientific maturity author.

After the conclusion, it is customary to place a bibliographic list of used literature. This list is one of the essential parts of the work and reflects the independent creative work of the researcher.

Each literary source included in such a list should be reflected in the manuscript of the study. If the author makes a reference to some borrowed facts or quotes the works of other authors, then he must indicate in the text where the cited materials come from. You should not include in the bibliographic list those publications that are not referenced in the text of the research work and that have not actually been used.

Auxiliary or additional materials that clutter up the text of the main part of the work are usually placed in the appendix. The content of the application is very diverse. These can be copies of original documents, excerpts from reporting materials, production plans and protocols, certain provisions from instructions and rules, previously unpublished texts, business correspondence, etc. In form, they can be text, tables, figures, charts, graphs, charts, maps, plans, etc. Applications are made out as a continuation of scientific work on its last pages. With a large volume or format, applications are drawn up as an independent block in a special folder (or binding), on the front side of which they make the heading "Appendices" and then repeat all the elements of the title page of the work. Each application must begin with a new sheet (page) with the word “Application” in the upper right corner and have a thematic heading; if there is more than one application in the work, they are numbered in Arabic numerals (without the number sign), for example, “Appendix 1”, “ Annex 2”, etc. The numbering of the pages on which the appendices are given should be continuous and continue the general numbering of the pages of the main text. The connection of the main text with the annexes is carried out through links, which are formatted as follows (see Appendix 3).

The rubrication of the text of a scientific work is the division of the text into its component parts, the graphic separation of one part from another, as well as the use of headings, numbering, etc. The rubrication in the work reflects the logic of scientific research and therefore implies a clear division of the manuscript into separate logically subordinate parts. The simplest heading is a paragraph - it starts indented to the right at the beginning of the first line of each piece of text. The paragraph is considered as a compositional technique used to combine a number of sentences that have a common subject of presentation, it is highlighted so that thoughts are more visible, and their presentation is more complete. Paragraphs of one paragraph or chapter should be consistently related to each other in meaning, the number of independent sentences in them can vary within very wide limits, determined by the complexity of the thought being transmitted.

In each paragraph, one should maintain a systematic and consistent presentation of facts, observe the internal logic of their presentation, which is largely determined by the nature of the text. The correct breakdown of the text of a scientific work into paragraphs greatly facilitates its reading and comprehension.

In narrative texts, which are designed to present a series of successive events, the order of presentation of facts is most often determined by the chronological sequence of facts and their semantic connection with each other. The text contains only key events, while taking into account their duration in time and semantic significance for the disclosure of the topic. In descriptive texts, when an object (phenomenon) is revealed by listing its features and properties, it is customary to first give a general description of the described fact, taken as a whole, and only after that, a description of its individual parts.

These are the general rules for breaking down the text of a scientific work into paragraphs. As for the division of the text of such a work into larger parts, the breakdown cannot be done by mechanically breaking up the text. It should be divided into structural parts taking into account the logical rules for dividing the concept. Consider the use of such rules on the example of breaking the chapters of the main part of the work into paragraphs. Since the choice of research topic orients the bachelor to further work on writing a thesis, so the chosen research topic reflects the theme of the thesis design. The main part of the scientific report should consist of:

Theoretical foundations of the chosen research topic;

Normative - legal regulation of the research topic

Research topic methodology.

Title page (Appendix 1)

The volume of the scientific report (work) is 20-25 typewritten pages (14 font, 1.5 spacing, justified, Times New Roman)

The head of the practice from the department provides the organization of its protection. Based on the results of defending the practice, an assessment is made, about which appropriate entries are made in the record book and statement.

Practice materials after the defense are stored at the department.

Approximate topics of diploma design in the Department of Statistics and Economic Analysis

Analysis of the effectiveness of the accounting policy of the enterprise.

Analysis of financial results and profitability of assets of a commercial organization.

Financial analysis of the activities of a commercial organization.

Analysis and diagnostics of the personnel, technical, production and financial potential of the enterprise.

Comprehensive analysis of the level of use of the economic potential of an economic entity and business assessment.

Analysis of the investment policy of the enterprise and assessment of the degree of production and financial risk.

Comparative analysis of the financial results of the enterprise on the basis of domestic methods and international standards.

Marginal analysis of sales volume and enterprise security zone.

Justification of entrepreneurial choice based on predictive analysis of prices, income, costs and financial results.

Analysis of the marketing activity of the enterprise.

Analysis of the company's dividend policy.

Assessment of production and financial leverage.

Financial statements of an enterprise as an information base for financial analysis.

Analysis of the effectiveness of the use of enterprise capital and the effect of financial leverage.

Financial analysis of the activities of the issuing organization in the securities market.

Analysis of the activities of a commercial bank.

Accounting and analysis of currency transactions.

Financial analysis of consumer society activity.

Analysis of financial results and financial condition of a trade organization.

Analysis of the financial strategy of a commercial organization.

Financial reporting and assessment of the analyticity of PBU of the Russian Federation.

Analytical use of balance sheet materials to assess the financial condition of the enterprise.

Analytical use of the income statement in assessing the profitability of an enterprise

Analytical use of statistical reports and tax calculations in the analysis of the financial condition of the organization.

Analysis of operations with currency and foreign trade operations.

Analysis of the balance sheet in assessing the financial condition of the enterprise.

Analysis of financial stability and assessment of the security zone of the enterprise.

Express analysis of the financial condition of the enterprise based on domestic and foreign methods.

Analysis of the economic potential of the enterprise and evaluation of the effectiveness of its use.

Analysis of profit and profitability using international standards.

Analysis of the financial results of a commercial enterprise according to international standards.

Justification of management decisions in business based on marginal analysis.

Financial analysis of the enterprise activity and diagnostics of bankruptcy risk.

Analysis of the efficiency and intensity of the use of enterprise capital.

Accounting and analysis of production and financial results from the sale of products (crops, livestock).

Accounting and analysis of production and financial results from the sale of products (works, services).

Accounting and analysis of the formation and use of enterprise profits.

Analysis of the use of fixed and working capital of the enterprise.

Analysis of financial stability and diagnostics of the risk of bankruptcy of the enterprise.

Analysis of the company's balance sheet and assessment of its liquidity.

Analysis of financial results and financial condition of a trading enterprise.

The financial condition of the enterprise: assessment and ways of recovery.

Analysis of the security of the enterprise with working capital and the financial condition of the enterprise.

Financial analysis and ways of financial recovery of the enterprise.

Analysis of financial results and profitability of the enterprise.

Annual financial statements of the enterprise: financial analysis of its main indicators.

Analysis of product processing and its implementation for example ...

Cost accounting and cost analysis of products (industry or type).

Accounting and analysis of fixed production assets of the enterprise.

Analysis of the creditworthiness of the enterprise.

Analysis and audit in off-budget funds.

Analysis and audit in insurance organizations.

Analysis of financial economic activity in government organizations.

Approximate topics of graduation projects in the Department of Accounting, Finance and Audit

1. Accounting and audit of fixed assets on the example ... ..

2. Accounting and analysis of the use of fixed assets on the example ... ...

3. Accounting and taxation of fixed assets on the example of……

4. Accounting and taxation of leasing operations on the example of……

5. Accounting for leasing operations and analysis of trade and supply activities on the example of…….

6. Accounting and taxation of intangible assets on the example of…….

7. Accounting and audit of intangible assets on the example of……..

8. Accounting and analysis of long-term investments on the example of…….

9. Accounting and audit of inventories on the example of ......

10. Accounting and analysis of the use of inventories on the example of ......

11. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of crop production on the example of…….

12. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of grain on the example ......

13. Cost accounting and cost analysis of dairy cattle products on the example of…….

14. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of processed products on the example of ......

15. Cost accounting and analysis of the activities of auxiliary industries on the example of ......

16. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of services of a repair shop on the example of…….

17. Cost accounting and cost analysis of road transport services on the example of…….

18. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of services on the example of a motor transport enterprise on the example of…….

19. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of housing and communal services (detailing: water supply, heat supply, garbage disposal, sewerage, etc.)……..

20. Cost accounting and analysis of the cost of hotel business services on the example of……..

21. Accounting for the production and sale of crop (livestock) products on the example of ... ...

22. Accounting for the processing and sale of finished products on the example of……..

23. Accounting for finished products and their sale by example……..

24. Accounting for the sale of products………. and the procedure for determining financial results using an example……..

25. Accounting for the implementation of transport services and the procedure for determining financial results on the example of ......

26. Accounting and analysis of the sale of crop (livestock) products on the example of…….

27. Accounting and audit of the sale of finished products on the example of…….

28. Accounting and analysis of use Money and settlements with suppliers and buyers on the example of……

29. Accounting and analysis of the use of funds and settlements with individuals on the example of…….

30. Accounting and audit of funds and settlements with individuals on the example of ......

31. Accounting for cash and transactions in foreign currency for example………

32. Accounting and audit of export of goods (products, works, services) on the example of……….

33. Accounting and audit of imports of goods (products, works, services) on the example of……….

34. Accounting and audit of foreign exchange transactions on the example of………

35. Accounting and taxation of financial investments in securities on the example of ......

36. Accounting and tax accounting of loans and borrowings (fixed assets, inventories, etc.) on the example of……..

37. Accounting and audit of settlements with suppliers and buyers on the example of ......

38. Accounting and analysis of settlements with suppliers and buyers on the example of…….

39. Accounting and audit of settlements on loans and borrowings on the example of………

40. Accounting and analysis of lending individuals on the example of a banking institution on the example of…….

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….3

1 Choosing a topic, defining a research problem…………………………...5

2 Defining the object and subject of the study, formulating the purpose and objectives of the study……………………………………………………….………………….7

3 Analysis of the literature on the research problem……………………………....10

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………...12

Glossary……………………………………………………………………………..14

List of sources used……………………………………….……16

List of abbreviations……………………………………………………………….17

Appendix…………………………………………………………………….….18

Introduction

Base of passage of research practices - PJSC "PrivatBank".

The research practice lasted for 80 hours (2 weeks) from 27.12.11 to 10.01.12.

The relevance of the chosen topic is that the analysis of the activities of banks allows us to evaluate their financial and economic performance and draw conclusions about the current state of the bank and the prospects for its activities in the future.

The liquidity crisis, which manifested itself in August 2007, has no historical precedents and no comparisons. Despite the fact that history has known crises and worse (this is far from the first banking crisis), the changed world was not ready for the test of cash shortages. The banking crisis of 2008, and then the crisis of the banking system around the world that followed it, called into question the reliability of the entire financial system, made the bankruptcy of banks of any size, of any state, a reality.

During 2008 and 2009, the public watched the rapid increase in losses from the crisis suffered by monster banks. This fate did not escape the banks that were considered unshakable a year ago: the German Deutsche Bank; UBS, famous for its Swiss wealth management tradition; Barclays Bank (Great Britain), Goldman Sachs (USA), etc.

As for the consequences of the banking crisis in Russia and in the world, it led to a sharp reduction in the number of banks, the consolidation of banks with state support (for Russia, these are Sberbank, Vnesheconom, Vneshtorg and other state-owned banks that have already received assistance in the amount of 950 billion rubles), change balance structure of assets-liabilities, caused by the collapse of the former leading areas (mortgage lending and consumer lending in the first place) and the emergence of qualitatively new areas of banking services.

Thus, the chosen topic is not sufficiently developed in scientific and practical research at the present stage of development of society, therefore, it is especially important to study this problem in the conditions of the financial and economic crisis.

The research practice program includes: choice of topic, definition of the problem, object and subject of research; formulation of the purpose and objectives of the study; theoretical analysis of literature and research on the problem; compiling a bibliography; formulation of a working hypothesis; selection of the research base; definition of a complex of research methods.

The purpose of research practice is to acquire skills in modern methods and principles for developing scientific problems on the topic of a master's thesis.

Tasks of research practice:

1. Select a research topic and define the research problem.

2. Determine the object and subject of research; formulate the goals and objectives of the study.

3. Conduct a theoretical analysis of the literature and research on the problem.

To prepare a report on research practice, legislative sources and by-laws of Ukraine were used: the laws of Ukraine “On Banks and Banking”, “On the National Bank of Ukraine”, as well as materials of domestic and foreign authors, periodicals, legislative and regulations, as well as documentation provided by PJSC "PrivatBank", as well as the official website of PrivatBank on the Internet: http://www.privatbank.com.ua/. In addition, the material of periodicals-magazines "Money and Credit", "Economy of Ukraine", etc. was used.

The report consists of an introduction, main part, conclusion, glossary, list of references, appendix.

Main part

1 Selecting a topic, defining a research problem

Banking activity consists in attracting funds and providing them for a loan or investment at higher interest rates. They act as intermediaries between those who have temporarily free cash and those who need it. The purpose and driving motive of the implementation of such mediation is to obtain bank profits.

The variety of banking operations can be conditionally divided into three groups. The first group includes operations to attract financial resources - passive operations; to the second - operations for the allocation of resources - active; the third group includes intermediary and off - balance sheet operations .

Passive operations of banks- operations through which banks form their resources for lending and other active operations of the bank. With the help of passive operations, banks form their resources. Their essence is to attract various types of deposits, obtain loans from other banks, issue their own securities, as well as conduct other operations that increase bank resources.

Liability management(obligations) consists in achieving an optimal balanced influence of two most important groups of factors - the goals (tasks) of the bank and the interests of its customers (consumers of banking products). At the same time, external influences must also be taken into account - they must be monitored and, if possible, neutralized.

Active operations of banks- operations by which banks allocate the resources at their disposal. The placement of the bank's mobilized resources in order to generate income and ensure liquidity determines the content of its active operations.

Among the active operations of commercial banks, there are: loan (including factoring and leasing transactions), investments in securities, cash, etc.

Asset Management is essentially the quality management of a particular product, group or portfolio of assets.

No matter how important the goals and priorities are for the bank, implemented in the process of managing liabilities, assets, integrated asset and liability management, the bank is an entrepreneurial structure and, therefore, its most important goal is to generate income, profitability and ensure liquidity as a basic factor for sustainable and the sound functioning of a commercial bank.

Bank liquidity- this is the ability to quickly turn the bank's assets into means of payment for the timely fulfillment of obligations under the liability (repayment of its debt obligations).

The concept of "liquidity of a commercial bank" means the ability of a bank to timely and fully ensure the fulfillment of its debt and financial obligations to all counterparties, which is determined by the presence of sufficient equity capital of the bank, the optimal placement and amount of funds under the assets and liabilities of the balance sheet, taking into account the appropriate timing.

In other words, the liquidity of a commercial bank is based on the constant maintenance of an objectively necessary ratio between its three components - the bank's own capital, funds attracted and placed by it through the operational management of their structural elements (see Appendix A).

The problem of managing the liquidity of a commercial bank in theoretical and practical aspects is of paramount importance, both for the bank itself and for the entire state banking system.

Thus, ensuring the liquidity of a bank is a complex and multifactorial task, the success of which determines the essence and content of the policy and activities of any commercial bank as an entrepreneurial structure in the banking system.

So, research problem is the competent and efficient management of assets, liabilities and liquidity of PrivatBank PJSC in the conditions of the financial and economic crisis.

2 Definition of the object and subject of research, formulation of the purpose and objectives of the study

Topicresearch: "Management of assets, liabilities and liquidity of PrivatBank PJSC".

As part of the general strategy of the bank's economic development, the asset, liability and liquidity management policy is of a subordinate nature and must be consistent with its goals and directions. At the same time, the asset, liability and liquidity management policy itself influences the formation of the overall strategy for the bank's economic development.

This is due to the fact that the main goal of the overall strategy is to ensure high rates of economic development and increase the competitive position of the bank, associated with the trends in the development of the financial market.

Subject of study are the processes of managing assets, liabilities and liquidity of a commercial bank.

Object of study is PJSC CB PrivatBank, one of the ten largest banks in Ukraine in terms of assets and other absolute financial indicators.

PJSC CB PrivatBank was founded in 1992. Commercial bank PJSC CB PrivatBank is one of the most dynamically developing banks in Ukraine and occupies a leading position in the country's banking rating.

PJSC CB PrivatBank is also the leader among Ukrainian commercial banks in terms of the number of clients: over 23% of the Ukrainian population uses its services.

PJSC CB PrivatBank provides the entire range of banking services available on the domestic market for servicing corporate and private clients in accordance with international standards, having a general license from the National Bank of Ukraine for banking operations.

Pursuing a consistent policy of strengthening the stability of the bank and improving the quality of service, PJSC CB PrivatBank considers one of the priority areas development of a complex of modern services for an individual client. Today PJSC CB PrivatBank offers citizens of Ukraine more than 150 types of the most modern services, including current, deposit transactions, card products, various consumer lending programs implemented in partnership with leading domestic trading, real estate companies and car manufacturers.

The national network of banking services of PJSC CB PrivatBank includes 2,425 branches and offices throughout Ukraine. PJSC CB PrivatBank maintains correspondent relations with the largest foreign banks, effectively cooperating with them in various segments of the financial market. PJSC CB PrivatBank is the only Ukrainian bank that has a foreign branch in Cyprus, and the bank is also actively developing a system of modern financial services in Russia and Latvia through its subsidiary banks Moskomprivatbank and Paritate Banka.

PJSC CB PrivatBank is a recognized leader in the domestic market of payment cards. The bank issued more than 12.26 million plastic cards (39% of the total number of cards issued by Ukrainian banks). The presence of a wide network of servicing card products allows PJSC CB PrivatBank to actively implement services for the automated issuance of wages to corporate clients using plastic cards.

The financial and economic crisis that hit the economy and the banking system became one of the main reasons for the actual bankruptcy of most large banks, and its impact could not but affect the results of the work of PJSC CB PrivatBank in 2008-2009.

However, according to the performance of the banks of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the performance of PJSC CB PrivatBank in 2010 already occupies a leading position.

PJSC CB PrivatBank is a steadily developing banking institution that is steadily increasing its presence in the financial market of Ukraine. He makes significant efforts to form a clientele among individuals and legal entities, skillfully uses the favorable opportunities provided by the economic and political situation.

Purpose of the study– analyze the process of managing assets, liabilities and liquidity of the commercial bank PJSC CB PrivatBank and make proposals for its improvement.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

1. Determine the theoretical features of the management of assets, liabilities and liquidity of a commercial bank.

2. Conduct a structural and dynamic analysis of the assets and liabilities of PJSC CB "PrivatBank" by the degree of liquidity in 2009-2011, analyze the bank's liquidity in 2009-2011.

3 Literature analysis on the research problem

The information base of the study is the legal acts of Ukraine: the Law of Ukraine "On Banks and Banking", "On the National Bank of Ukraine", "On the Procedure for Regulation of Banks in Ukraine", regulating the banking activities of Ukraine, books and periodicals of domestic and foreign authors , as well as electronic resources, including the official website of the analyzed bank on the Internet.

The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the work of the following authors: Moroz A.N., Lavrushina O.I., Cherkasova V.E., Sheremet A.D., Kovaleva V.V., Markova O.M., Sakharova L.S. ., Umantseva Yu., Volosovicha S., Rose Peter S., Vasyurenko O.V., Kirichenko O., Nikitina T.V., Kiseleva V.V., Sadvakasova K.K., Sevruk V.T., Dovgan Zh. M., Romanenko A. and others.

In the process of work, the author studied the works of economists who studied the problems of the formation of banking resources: Berezina M.P., Krupnov Yu.S., Kosogo A.M., Padalkina L.S., Savinsky Yu.P., Sakharova M.O., Yampolsky M. M. The works of Barkovsky N.D., Valentseva N.I., Lavrushin O.V., Levchuk I.V., Mamonova I.D., Shirinskaya Z.G. were also studied. and others, devoted to the balance of liabilities and assets of the bank.

The term "liquidity" (from lat. Liquidus - liquid, flowing) literally means the ease of implementation, sale, transformation of material assets into cash, according to Zhivalov A.M. one .

Moroz A.N. defines liquidity as a "flow" is analyzed from the point of view of dynamics, which involves assessing the ability of a commercial bank to change the existing unfavorable level of liquidity over a certain period of time or prevent the deterioration of the achieved, objectively necessary level of liquidity (maintain it) through the effective management of the relevant items of assets and liabilities , attracting additional borrowed funds, increasing the bank's financial stability through income growth 2 .

Various aspects of the concept of liquidity are reflected in the works of Yu. Maslenchenkov. V. Usoskin. and Larionova. At the same time, the level of theoretical study of these issues in economic science remains insufficient. Therefore, in order to comprehend the essence of the process of liquidity management in a bank, the formation and improvement of the liquidity management mechanism, the work used the results of research by modern Western economists: P. Rose. J. Sinki, J. Dolan. E. Reed. G. and K. Campbell.

Thus, the lack of a unified approach to the study of the liquidity management process among economists and practitioners: the understanding that the theoretical framework developed in other countries for liquidity management in commercial banks cannot be fully transferred to the practice of banks and requires adaptation of foreign experience to reality and the development methodological support of liquidity management: the great practical importance of effective liquidity management of commercial banks determined the choice of the research topic.

Conclusion

Summing up the results of research practice, it can be argued that its goal has been achieved. The skill of mastering modern methods and principles of developing a master's thesis has been acquired.

The assigned tasks of the research practices:

1. A research topic is selected and a research problem is defined.

2. The object and subject of research are defined; formulated goals and objectives of the study.

3. A theoretical analysis of the literature and studies on the problem has been carried out.

In conclusion, the following conclusions can be drawn:

The issues of improving banking activities and determining priority areas for the development of banking institutions are today at the center of political, economic and social life.

The problem of managing the assets, liabilities and liquidity of a commercial bank in theoretical and practical aspects is of paramount importance, both for the bank itself and for the entire state banking system.

In the context of the financial crisis, banks should be more careful in the policy of forming and managing their assets, liabilities and liquidity, otherwise financial threats will make themselves felt in the form of a decrease in profitability and an increase in the risk of active and passive operations, which, in turn, may subsequently affect financial results of the bank and lead it to bankruptcy.

Mass non-repayment of loans, including to domestic banks, as well as their difficulties in repaying previously taken foreign loans, can cause a second financial wave of the crisis, which will lead to a significant, several times, reduction in the number of banks and financial structures.

Without a strong banking system, there cannot be a strong socio-economic system of the country, and it cannot develop successfully in the future. She will not have sources for such development.

The development of a bank's asset, liability and liquidity management policy is one of the main functions of financial management in a commercial bank. In the process of implementing this function, based on the general strategy of the bank's economic development and the forecast of the financial market situation, a system of goals and target indicators of the bank's financial activities for the long term is formed. Priority tasks are determined, which are solved in the near future, and the bank's policy is developed in the main directions of its financial development.

At the same time, in order to consolidate its success, PJSC CB PrivatBank absolutely needs to expand investments in the real sector of the country's economy, independently initiate the development and implementation of large and medium-sized investment projects, possibly in cooperation with other financial institutions, public authorities.

Glossary

List of sources used

List of abbreviations

PJSC - public joint stock company;

CB is a commercial bank.

Applications

BUT

1 Zhivalov V.N. The problem of the stability of the functioning of financial structures. In scientific Sat: Economic stability and investment activity of economic systems. - M.: RAGS, 2009. - S. 32

2 Moroz A.N. Fundamentals of banking / A.N. Frost. - K .: Libra Publishing House, 2007. - P. 86

Introduction
Chapter 1. The main part of the practice program
1.1 Research methodology
1.2 Characteristics of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus
1.3 Analysis of legal acts regulating the activities of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus
1.4 Analysis of statistical data and analytical materials reflecting the development of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus
Chapter 2. Individual task
2.1. Proposals for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the construction industry
Conclusion
List of sources used

Introduction

The purpose of the research practice is to consolidate and deepen the theoretical preparation of a master student and study modern approaches to the methodology of economic research, including the structure and procedure for completing a qualifying dissertation.

Practice objectives:

1. Consolidation of knowledge, skills acquired by undergraduates in the process of studying disciplines, mastering educational (including innovative) technologies;
2. Expansion and deepening of knowledge and skills based on independent study of scientific, scientific and methodological literature, information and analytical materials, statistical and regulatory sources, as well as the results of their own research;
3. Development personal qualities undergraduates, determined by the general goals of the educational program of the magistracy, including communication and responsibility, allowing them to solve social, professional, organizational, managerial and educational tasks; acquisition of professional competence and application of modern methods and approaches to independent economic research and forecasting.

The construction industry of the Republic of Belarus occupies one of the leading places in the country's economy. This is a multi-profile and multi-functional structure. The industry development strategy is determined by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus.

The main efforts of industry scientists are aimed at solving critical issues construction industry- reducing the cost, material and energy consumption of construction and improving its quality. In the process of construction, the material basis for the functioning of all other sectors of the economy is formed - industrial buildings and structures, roads, public buildings. However, the dynamics of other sectors of the economy also affects the volume of construction.

The main strategic objective of the construction industry is the export of goods and services.

Chapter 1. The main part of the practice program

1.1 Research methodology

Methodology is a system of principles and methods for organizing and constructing theoretical and practical activities, as well as the doctrine of this system.

The object of methodology is the process of scientific research in its entirety.

Science is a sphere of human activity aimed at the development and theoretical systematization of objective knowledge about reality.

A methodological approach is a methodological direction, a methodological position, a point of view from which the object of study is considered.

Methodological approaches:

The religious approach highest value the movement of a person towards God, the salvation of the Soul;

The world recognizes the highest value of obtaining material wealth;

Local - the highest value is human longevity;

A systematic approach is an approach in which any object is considered as a set of interrelated elements (components) that has an output (goal), input (resources), connection with the external environment, feedback;

Humanistic approach - an optimistic view of human nature;

The culturological approach consists in recognizing the priority of culture in education, upbringing and social development;

Scientist approach - common name an ideological position that represents scientific knowledge as the highest cultural value and a fundamental factor in human interaction with the world;

The holistic approach is based on a direct holistic relationship between the material and the spiritual. The concept of the integrity of everything that exists is the key concept of holism;

Synergetic approach - a set of principles, the basis of which is the consideration of objects as self-organizing systems;

The hermeneutical approach is a theory of understanding, comprehension of meaning;

The anthropological approach is an approach in which a person is considered as a carrier of universal human properties, as a generic concept denoting a representative of the human race;

The phenomenological approach is the view that social behavior is guided by a person's subjective interpretation of environmental events;

The esoteric approach is a complex of sciences and teachings that study the hidden side of human existence and the world around him;

The method of scientific research is a system of principles, rules, techniques and requirements that should be followed in the research process.

Practical Methods scientific knowledge: observation, measurement and experiment.

Logical methods: proof, refutation, confirmation, objection, interpretation, explanation, justification.

Heuristic methods: brainstorming method, collective search for original ideas, heuristic questions method, free association method, inversion method, empathy method.

Economic theory is the science of choosing the most efficient ways to meet the unlimited needs of people through the rational use of limited resources.

Scientific methods of economic research:

The scientific method of economic research is a way of mastering reality, based on a rational, evidence-based, systematic study of an object.

Scientific logical methods of economic research are divided into quantitative and qualitative.

The quantitative method is based on the use of measured quantities, usually expressed as numbers;

The qualitative method of economic analysis is based on the verbal description, interpretation, interpretation and explanation of the properties of the object under study.

Empirical methods of economic research: economic observation and economic experiment.

Theoretical methods:

Economic analysis is the separation in economic knowledge of the fragments of a whole into its component parts;

Economic synthesis is the unification into something of a single whole of parts, properties, elements identified through economic analysis;

Economic analogy;

Economic modeling is the development of models that reflect various aspects of economic activity, i.e. creation of analogues that reproduce certain aspects of human economic activity;

Economic induction is based on the transition from particular economic facts to general conclusions and propositions;

Economic deduction is based on the transition from general, already proven statements about economic theories or facts to more specific conclusions and provisions;

Economic interpretation;

Formalization of economic knowledge;

The historical method in economic research is based on the study of economic processes or objects in chronologically sequential phases of their existence;

evolutionary method;

The statistical method is the most important method of economic science, widely used in various studies of economic processes;

Economic statistics is a section of statistics that provides the state and civil society with information about the digital parameters of the development of the economy and related social processes.

Modeling method;

The mathematical method is the most important method of economic science, which has received its fundamental development since the middle of the 19th century.

The method of economic and mathematical modeling allows in a formalized form to determine the causes of changes in economic phenomena, their patterns, the consequences of the possibility and costs of influencing the course of changes, and also makes it possible to predict economic processes. With this method, economic models are created.

In the process of using economic-mathematical methods in economic analysis, the construction and study of economic-mathematical models that describe the influence of individual factors on the general economic performance of organizations is carried out.

Formalization is an epistemological method based on identifying and fixing the formal structure of the process or phenomenon under study, as well as attributing some abstract symbols and meanings to the content elements of the process (or phenomenon); the result of the formalization process is the creation of a formalized model of a process or phenomenon, which makes it possible to obtain new knowledge and information about this process or phenomenon.

An important advantage of the formalization process is the possibility of carrying out within its framework the study of any object in a purely formal way (through operating with signs, formulas) without directly referring to this object. Here relations of signs replace statements about the properties and relations of objects.

The most important component of formalization is its symbolization, which can be defined as the development of a system of certain symbols in the framework of creating artificial language science. Symbolization traditionally begins with the use of special scientific terms, which are gradually replaced by certain symbols, and the symbols, grouped and combined with each other, turn into an artificial, special language of science, understandable only to a given group of researchers.

Mathematization is a specific method of formalizing scientific and any other knowledge based on the use of measurement, comparison and counting procedures.

The logical and epistemological meaning of mathematization is to single out the formal structure of an object and operate with it. In the case of mathematization, such formal operation is reduced to quantitative, numerical procedures: measurement, comparison, and counting.

Econometrics is an independent scientific discipline that combines a set of theoretical results, methods and models designed to, on the basis of: economic theory, mathematical statistics and economic measurements, mathematical and statistical tools - to give a specific quantitative expression to the general (qualitative) patterns due to economic theory.

The main method of econometric research is econometric modeling. The latter is a kind of mathematical and statistical modeling.

An economic model is a formalized description of an economic process or phenomenon, the structure of which is determined both by its objective properties and by the subjective target nature of the study.

1.2 Characteristics of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus

The construction industry includes construction as a type of activity and a set of organizations focused on management, the implementation of research, development work, training, providing the industry with material and technical resources.

A construction enterprise is an enterprise that operates in the field of construction and carries out scientific, experimental, survey and design work, the extraction of raw materials and their processing, the manufacture of materials, products and structures, the construction of all types of buildings and structures, transport services.

Construction activities (construction) - activities for the construction, reconstruction, repair, restoration, improvement of the facility, including the implementation of organizational and technical measures, including the provision of engineering services in construction, the preparation of permits and design documentation, the performance of construction and installation, commissioning;

The object of construction is a building, structure or engineering system, for the construction (expansion, reconstruction, restoration, improvement or repair) of which design documentation is being developed.

Types of construction:

– Industrial (plants, factories);

– Transport (roads, bridges, tunnels);

– Civil (residential buildings, public buildings);

– Social (arenas, gyms, shopping and entertainment centers);

– Military (military facilities);

– Hydrotechnical (dams, dams, canals, reservoirs).

State regulation in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities is carried out by the President of the Republic of Belarus, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus, the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus, local Councils of Deputies, local executive and administrative bodies and other state bodies.

Legislative-normative and scientific-technical policy in the industry is carried out by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction.

The Ministry of Architecture and Construction deals with issues of investment activity in construction, technical regulation, standardization, licensing, legal regulation, provision of state construction supervision, regulates urban planning issues, creates regulatory framework in the field of architecture and construction works. The Ministry of Architecture and Construction is subordinate to the Council of Ministers and is a specially authorized state governing body in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

Since the formation of this public administration body, work has been carried out to develop and implement state policy in the field of construction, architecture, and urban planning.

In accordance with the Law of the Republic of Belarus "On architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus" dated July 5, 2004 No. 300-Z, control and supervision in the field of construction activities is entrusted to state construction supervision bodies.

State construction supervision is an integral part of the system of state regulation of construction activities on the territory of the Republic of Belarus and is carried out in order to ensure the operational reliability and safety of construction projects, compliance with the established procedure for the construction of facilities, state protection of the interests of consumers of construction products and society.

The main task of the state construction supervision bodies is to supervise the compliance by the participants in investment activities engaged in construction with the requirements of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, regulatory and technical and approved design and estimate documentation.

The unified system of state construction supervision bodies consists of: the Department for Control and Supervision of Construction of the State Committee for Standardization, subordinate to the Council of Ministers; Inspections of the Department by regions and the city of Minsk, a specialized inspection of the Department. The bodies of state construction supervision issue, within their competence, conclusions on the readiness of construction objects for acceptance into operation.

Acceptance control is carried out by the acceptance committee upon completion of all construction and installation works. After it, she decides on the readiness of the facility for commissioning.

The composition of the acceptance committees when accepting objects for operation includes representatives of the developer (customer and contractor - in the case of a construction contract), the developer of project documentation, the operating organization, if any, the local executive and administrative body.

A working group on problematic issues of the construction industry operates in the industry. The working group included representatives of the Presidential Administration, state control and state security committees, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Construction and Architecture, the State Property Committee, construction and design organizations.

The working group on problematic issues in the construction industry holds field meetings in the regions of Belarus. One of the main tasks solved by the working group on problematic issues of the construction industry is the issue of construction in progress. The functions of control and monitoring of objects of excess construction in progress are assigned to the city and district executive committees. Responsibility for the proper implementation of control measures rests with the chairmen of the executive committees. The normative period of operation (service) of the construction object is indicated in the project documentation.

Holding is an association of legal entities (participants of the holding), in which one of the legal entities (commercial organization) is the managing company of the holding due to the ability to influence decisions made by other legal entities - participants of the holding (subsidiaries of the holding), on the basis of ownership 25 % or more of ordinary (ordinary) shares (stakes in authorized funds) of the holding's subsidiaries.

One of the main trends in the global construction market is the consolidation of enterprises through the creation of large holdings providing a wide range of construction services. In the world market, in terms of types of construction services, the largest share falls on the construction of engineering and transport infrastructure facilities and the construction of fuel complex facilities.

The international construction services market is dominated by a few large contractors and their construction services exports are associated with large scale projects.

Recently, powerful construction holdings have been formed in China, backed by both state-owned banks and private capital. Turnover of one of the largest Chinese construction corporations China State Construction Engineering Corp. is 66 billion dollars a year.

The largest international engineering and construction holdings are spread all over the world: Hochtief AG (Germany), Skanska AB (Sweden) and Lend Lease Group (Australia).

An example of a Chinese financial and construction holding company is CITIC (China International Trust and Investment Corporation). This company is known in Belarus in connection with the implementation of investment projects for the modernization of Belarusian cement plants. CITIC Construction Co., Ltd. is part of the largest Chinese state-owned corporation CITIC Group.

Being subordinate to the State Council of the People's Republic of China, the corporation successfully operates in the financial, investment, trade, commercial and manufacturing sectors both in China and in many other countries. It includes two commercial banks, over fifty subsidiaries and branches in China and eleven companies and representative offices abroad, as well as seven listed companies on the New York, Hong Kong and Australian stock exchanges. The total number of employees of the corporation around the world is more than 70 thousand people.

The corporation includes 44 subsidiaries and banks registered and operating both in China and abroad (in the USA, Canada, Australia, etc.). CITIC is a service holding, an association construction companies belonging to large financial groups and intended to serve the interests of the parent (managing) group in terms of providing construction and installation services and services for managing the implementation of investment and construction projects.

Strengthening the positions of domestic construction and industrial organizations in the foreign construction market can only be facilitated by their consolidation (creation of integrated companies), which can promote complex construction services and construction products for export. The processes of globalization of the economy contribute to the fact that international trade in construction services and building materials leads to the consolidation of construction service providers, the formation of strategic alliances and other forms of cooperation that allow both expanding the geographical coverage of world markets and increasing the complexity of meeting customer needs.

AT foreign countries The most common forms of a construction holding are: financial and construction and industrial and construction holdings. The advantages of corporate integrated structures in the construction industry can be realized only when these structures are united by the main goal based on the observance of the common interests of their participants.

Setl Group is one of the largest financial and industrial associations in the Northwestern region of Russia. Today Setl Group is a diversified investment and industrial group that develops its activities both in Russia and abroad. The holding consolidates a number of companies specializing in development, general contracting services, sales of building materials, brokerage operations in the real estate market, consulting and information technology.

The holding unites such well-known brands as Petersburg Real Estate, Setl City, Setl Estate, Setl North Europe and others.

Setl City specializes in the construction of residential, office, hotel, retail buildings and the creation of infrastructure around them.

The Setl City company, which is part of the holding, builds commercial and social facilities in St. Petersburg, the Leningrad Region, and Kaliningrad.

Setl Stroy is a dynamically developing professional general contracting organization with its own production base. The scope of the company's activities is the performance of the functions of a general contractor and contractor at various facilities, the performance of major repairs, as well as the reconstruction and restoration of significant cultural sites.

Petersburg Real Estate Completion Construction LLC is a representative of the Setl Group building materials supply unit. The company CS "Petersburg Real Estate" is the largest participant in the building materials market, acting as the official dealer of many manufacturing plants in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region.

Among the partners of the organization are such companies as LSR Group, METINVEST holding, H+N Group of Companies and others.

Having a stable access to building materials at low prices makes it possible to achieve a reduction in the cost of construction of Setl Group holding facilities.

In the Republic of Belarus, the construction holding Belstroycenter-holding is registered, consisting of 20 enterprises with a total number of employees of about 36 thousand people.

The structure unites assembly, construction and specialized organizations of the Ministry of Construction and Architecture. The holding was created to develop the export of construction services. Enterprises conduct their economic activities and operate independently within the country. Part of the profits of the companies allocated for dividends is sent to the general fund and accumulated in accounts to provide economic guarantees with the participation of Belarusian construction organizations in competitive bidding abroad, opening access to large export projects. When participating in tenders, enterprises must provide bank guarantees or deposits (from 5 to 10% of the value of the object).

The creation of holding companies will ensure the development of mechanisms for economic self-regulation of organizations, the expansion of their export potential, will allow organizations to implement large projects in the construction industry, including abroad.

Holdings must be formed from among large contractors, design organizations, as well as integrated structures consolidating the interests of enterprises in the building materials and structures industry.

Success in foreign markets opens up new prospects for development for construction industry enterprises, strengthens the economy and the national currency, and ensures a return on investment.

Architectural project - design documentation for the construction, reconstruction, restoration, overhaul, improvement of the construction site, including the decision on the location, physical parameters, artistic and aesthetic qualities of the construction site, as well as the possible negative consequences of its impact on the environment and determining the technical and economic indicators of the construction object.

Carrying out of the state examination of architectural, construction projects, the stages of construction allocated in them, start-up complexes and estimates (budget documentation) is provided by the State Committee for Standardization of the Republic of Belarus.

In order to reduce the risks of exceeding budgets and deadlines, industry enterprises created a small subdivision within themselves, which, based on the incoming 2D documentation, developed information models of construction objects. As a result, it was found great amount errors and inconsistencies of the initial data incorporated in the project with the real conditions of the area. Information modeling tools were used in this case, but the process itself was disrupted. It would be much more efficient at the design stage to develop a project in the form of an information model and receive working documentation from it. This would speed up the process of its creation and improve the quality, and the construction company would not have to do the work for the designers and correct errors after the working documentation arrived at the construction site.

Many designers did not create a complete 3D model filled with comprehensive information. In order not to model the entire object, some of the models were made in 2D, that is, in a plane. Only the most complex systems and sections (engineering communications and facade connecting nodes) were modeled in 3D. Design work was carried out in AutoCAD (and other CAD programs).

In recent years, solutions have appeared on the market that can transform all investment and construction activities - these are widely used in the world (USA, Japan, Great Britain, China) information technologies: BIM (Building Information Modeling).

BIM technology is a 3D model, which, in addition to the possibility of detailing building elements, contains a huge amount of data that is displayed in different ways (plans, sections, specifications in the form of tables) and is used not only in design, but also in construction, operation throughout life cycle object. After creating a model of an object, it is possible to find out its almost exact cost. This is the only technology that guarantees quality at all stages (pre-investment stage, design, construction, operation), providing comprehensive control in an automated mode. Based on the information model, it is possible to organize the integrated work of all participants (project structure), build a live (changing in the course of implementation), accurate logistical, administrative, legal and financial model of any project. The model can be made a repository of all project information, all transactions, all contracts, regulations, SNiPs, GOSTs, etc. This is the most powerful management tool.

Today, about 10 countries of the world provide state support for BIM technologies, the Republic of Belarus is one of them. In the UK, from 2016, all publicly funded capital construction will be carried out only with the use of information modeling technologies. In the UK, a development concept has been developed until 2025, where the main tasks are formulated: to halve construction time, reduce costs for the entire investment cycle by 30%, increase exports and minimize environmental impact. It is impossible to achieve the set goals without the use of BIM technologies.

The main priorities of informatization of the construction industry for 2016-2020 are information modeling, cloud computing technologies, integration information resources, ensuring information security.

The Republic of Belarus is actively working on the introduction of integrated automated design systems and information technologies for managing the life cycle of a construction object.

The process of implementing BIM in the Republic of Belarus started with design production. UE "Belpromproject", RUE "Institute Belgosproekt", JSC "Institute "Minskgrazhdanproekt", UE "Minskproekt", JSC "Institute "Gomelproekt", UE "Minskinzhproekt" and a number of other organizations are already designing construction objects using information modeling technology. The Belarusian National Technical University provides training for the implementation of building information modeling technology. The university joined the Autodesk educational program, receiving all necessary products for training, retraining and advanced training of specialists. There is an "Innovation Center for the development and application of BIM technology" in the Belarusian state university.

Autodesk IT company is a supplier of Revit Architecture, Revit Structure software for the construction industry.

1.3 Analysis of legal acts regulating the activities of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus

The Law of the Republic of Belarus “On Architectural, Urban Planning and Construction Activities in the Republic of Belarus” dated July 5, 2004 No. 300-З establishes a list of state bodies that regulate architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

The law contains the main terms and their definitions related to architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus.

Law No. 300-З defines the rights and obligations of state bodies, organizations, individuals engaged in architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

Chapter 2 defines the competence of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities. The Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus, which is a specially authorized state body in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, within its competence:

Develops and implements the main directions of the state urban planning policy, state policy in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, the building materials industry, ensures the implementation of a unified state policy in the field of investment;

Establishes the procedure for the creation and maintenance of the republican fund of project documentation and the republican data bank of objects-analogues for the construction of objects, the provision for use and use of materials and data from the specified fund and data bank;

Organizes the creation and maintenance of the urban cadastre;

Organizes the development of programs in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, as well as the implementation of research work in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities;

Develops and adopts normative legal acts in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities;

Participates in the development and implementation of state forecasts and programs for the socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus, as well as investment projects in accordance with investment agreements concluded with the Republic of Belarus, interstate target and state scientific and technical programs in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, taking into account the development of territories and settlements;

Organizes scientific, methodological and informational and analytical support for architectural, urban planning and construction activities on the territory of all administrative-territorial and territorial units;

Carries out regulation and coordination of the activities of subordinates, methodological guidance of other structural divisions of local executive and administrative bodies exercising state authority in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities on the territory of an administrative-territorial unit (territorial divisions of architecture and urban planning);

Determines the types of work and services related to construction activities;

Determines the procedure for the implementation of technical supervision and architectural supervision of construction;

Coordinates the work of subordinate state research, design, survey and other organizations;

Establishes the procedure for organizing and conducting monitoring of objects of architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

Chapter 3 of the law covers the issues of permits, as well as permits for construction and installation works.

A permit for the performance of construction and installation works is issued free of charge to the customer, the developer by the state construction supervision bodies, certain legislative acts, in the presence of documents, the list of which is established by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.

Chapter 4 of the law determines the procedure for creating and maintaining the republican fund of project documentation and the republican data bank of analogous objects for the construction of objects.

The creation and maintenance of the republican fund of project documentation and the republican data bank of analogous objects for the construction of objects, the provision for use and use of materials and data of the specified fund and data bank are carried out by an organization authorized by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus. The law determines the procedure for financing architectural, urban planning and construction activities. Financing of construction activities is carried out at the expense of the republican and local budgets, funds of developers, as well as other sources.

The procedure for the implementation of the state examination of architectural, construction projects, the stages of construction identified in them, start-up complexes and estimates (estimate documentation) is determined.

Architectural and construction projects, the stages of construction allocated in them, start-up complexes and estimates (estimate documentation) are subject to state expertise, carried out on a paid basis in cases and in the manner established by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.

Chapter 6 is devoted to the functions of control and supervision in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

Supervision in the field of construction activities is carried out in order to ensure that participants in construction activities comply with the legislation, including those mandatory for compliance with the requirements of technical regulatory legal acts, in preparation for construction, development of project documentation, construction and installation, commissioning, commissioning, and also during its operation during the warranty period.

The law establishes a list of functions performed by state construction supervision bodies. Law No. 300-Z establishes the rights of state construction supervision bodies, establishes cases in which state construction supervision authorities suspend or prohibit work at construction sites.

Chapter 9 of Law No. 300-Z is devoted to the procedure for developing pre-project (pre-investment) and project documentation.

The Law of the Republic of Belarus dated July 5, 2004 "On Architectural, Urban Planning and Construction Activities in the Republic of Belarus" determines the procedure for acceptance into operation of completed construction, reconstruction of construction projects, including construction phases, launch complexes.

The Law establishes the normative terms of operation (service) of the construction object (indicated in the project documentation).

Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated June 6, 2011 No. No. 716 contains provisions on the procedure for commissioning construction projects. Objects, regardless of funding sources, are subject to acceptance into operation by acceptance commissions.

The resolution defines the quality criteria, according to which, upon acceptance into operation, the object is evaluated by the acceptance committee (222). If necessary, the acceptance committees carry out control measurements, appoint control tests, tests and inspections of objects.

Acceptance for operation of objects is formalized by an act of acceptance of the object into operation in accordance with the forms approved by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction. The act of acceptance of the facility into operation is signed by all members of the acceptance committee. At the end of the work of the acceptance committee, its chairman submits the act of acceptance of the facility into operation to the person (body) that appointed the acceptance committee. The act of acceptance of the object into operation is approved by the decision (order, resolution, order) of the person (body) that appointed the acceptance committee.

Chapter 2 defines the procedure for the work of acceptance committees. Acceptance commissions are appointed by the customer, the developer or an organization authorized by them by making an appropriate decision (order, resolution, order), which indicates the composition of the acceptance commission, its chairman, appointed from among its members, sets the start and end dates for the work of the commission.

The developer (customer and contractor - in the case of a construction contract) submits to the acceptance commission the documents necessary for the work of the commission according to the list determined by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction. Compliance of the objects of design documentation accepted for operation with the requirements of safety and operational reliability must be confirmed by the conclusions of state bodies (their structural divisions).

Chapter 5 defines the features of acceptance into operation of industrial infrastructure facilities. Production infrastructure facilities are allowed for acceptance into operation only after confirmation by the working commission for equipment acceptance (working commission) of the readiness of the installed equipment for operation, output of products (performance of work, provision of services) in accordance with the design documentation.

The working commission is appointed by the developer, the customer or an organization authorized by them. The working commission includes representatives of the developer (customer and contractors, including those who carried out installation and commissioning works, in the case of concluding construction contracts), the developer of project documentation, the operating organization, if any, and, if necessary, representatives of the supplier (manufacturer) equipment.

The Decree contains a list of state bodies (their structural subdivisions), other state organizations that issue conclusions upon acceptance of facilities for operation.

Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated December 28, 2009 No. 660 “On Certain Issues of Establishing and Operating Holdings in the Republic of Belarus” determines the legal status of the holding, the procedure for its creation and the conditions for its operation.

A holding is an association of legal entities (participants of the holding), in which one of the legal entities - a commercial organization - is the managing company of the holding due to the ability to influence decisions made by other legal entities - participants of the holding (subsidiaries of the holding), on the basis of:

Ownership of 25 percent or more ordinary (ordinary) shares (stakes in authorized funds) of the holding's subsidiaries;

Managing the activities of the holding's subsidiaries - unitary enterprises established by the holding's management company;

Trust management agreements for 25 percent or more ordinary shares (stakes in authorized funds) of the holding's subsidiaries.

The holding is not a legal entity. The holding is created by the decision of the holding's management company or owner, and the holding, the managing company of which is a state unitary enterprise, - by the decision of the republican government body, other state organization subordinate to the President of the Republic of Belarus or the Government of the Republic of Belarus, local executive and administrative body.

The decree defines the cases in which the creation and operation of holdings is prohibited. It is prohibited to create and operate on the territory of the Republic of Belarus holding companies with the aim or result of monopolizing the production and (or) sale of goods (works, services), preventing, restricting or eliminating competition.

Prior to submitting documents for registering a holding, the holding's management company (the owner or a person authorized by him) must obtain the consent of the antimonopoly authority for its creation in cases provided for by the Law of the Republic of Belarus dated December 12, 2013 "On combating monopolistic activities and developing competition".

State bodies, managing companies of holdings with the participation of the state provide the development of an organizational and economic justification for the creation of a holding.

The decree contains a list of documents required for registering a holding, which the holding's management company (the owner or a person authorized by him) submits to the Ministry of Economy.

The holding is registered by the Ministry of Economy. After registration, information about the holding is entered into the State Register of Holdings. The Ministry of Economy issues a certificate of registration of the holding with a list of the holding's participants.

The inclusion of a legal entity in the composition of the holding's participants as its subsidiary (the exclusion of a holding's subsidiary from its participants) is carried out on the basis of a decision of the holding's management company, adopted in the manner determined by its charter (constituent agreement), or the owner. In order to include a legal entity in the list of holding participants, the consent of the antimonopoly body must be obtained. If a decision is made to include a legal entity in the holding as its subsidiary and obtain the consent of the antimonopoly authority (a decision is made to exclude the holding's subsidiary from its participants), the holding's management company (the owner or a person authorized by him) must apply to the Ministry of Economy with a statement on amendments to the list of holding participants. The Ministry of Economy amends the list of holding participants by drawing up a new list and issues this list to the holding's management company.

The decree determines the procedure for ensuring the confidentiality of information received by the holding from subsidiaries. The holding management company is obliged to ensure the confidentiality of information received from the holding's subsidiaries. It also regulates the creation of holdings with the participation of banks and non-bank financial institutions, insurance organizations, which is carried out taking into account the specifics determined by legislative acts.

The plan of measures for the implementation of the Informatization Development Strategy of the Republic of Belarus provides for the development of a state program for the development of the digital economy of the information society for 2016-2020. In the development of this activity, the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus is developing a sectoral program for the informatization of the construction industry "Digital Construction for 2016-2020".

The main sections of the activities of the sectoral program of informatization of the construction industry "Digital Construction for 2016-2020" include the following areas:

Development of an industry-specific automated system, which provides for the automation of the processes of formation information support preparation of management decisions at the level of the entire industry, using modern technologies for analytical processing and data mining;

Creation of integrated information systems for managing the resources of a particular enterprise (creation of standard innovative services);

The creation of information systems and technologies that support the life cycle of buildings and structures is a key section that involves the development and adaptation of typical cloud services for building a management system for investment and construction activities using information modeling of a building (structure) and the implementation of integrated project management systems based on them in contractor organizations;

Creation of industry information resources in order to form a unified information environment in the construction industry. This concerns the improvement of the republican data bank of estimated standards, the creation of an industry-specific design data management system based on a corporate repository of electronic design estimates and information models, an electronic catalog of products and materials for construction with the inclusion of digital models and product series in it in order to import this information into design solutions and ensure the rapid implementation of products manufactured by enterprises in the construction industry;

Education of students, advanced training of managers, specialists in the field of informatization, including the creation of new training centers, seminars, round tables.

1.4 Analysis of statistical data and analytical materials reflecting the development of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus

The main indicators characterizing the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus are presented in Table 1 - The main indicators characterizing the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus for 2012-2016.

Table 1 - Key indicators characterizing the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus for 2012 - 2016

In the structure of gross domestic product, the share of construction in 2016 amounted to 6.3%. The construction industry employs 308 thousand people.

The proportion of people employed in construction of the total employed population is 7%. The nominal accrued average monthly salary is 736.2 rubles. The industry unites 9515 business entities of various forms of ownership.

The main factor determining the trends in the development of the construction industry is the general economic situation in the country. The construction industry is characterized by inertia, which is expressed in the fact that the main sectors of the economy create demand for the products of the construction industry.

The change in construction volumes was influenced by the economic crisis of 2008-2009, as well as the economic recession in 2012 and 2014, which resulted in the weakening of the Belarusian ruble. The waves of crises caused a decrease in the performance of the sectors of the Republic of Belarus, as a result, the investment opportunities of business entities operating in the territory of the Republic of Belarus and the state were reduced. There was a decrease in investment in fixed capital, which caused a drop in demand for construction and installation work.

The economic crisis is global in nature: it has affected the economies of the countries, the main trade and economic partners, the Republic of Belarus. Situation on foreign exchange market Russian Federation (devaluation of the Russian ruble), the fall in investment activity seriously affected the export volumes of enterprises in the Republic of Belarus. Belarusian developers have become less competitive compared to other companies. At the same time, the marginality of the Russian market decreased. If in 2014 the Russian Federation was the main consumer of construction and installation works of enterprises of the Republic of Belarus, then by 2016 it took second place, losing its positions to Venezuela. China occupies the third position in terms of consumption of construction industry products.

Demand in foreign markets for products of the construction industry has become less stable, competition has grown sharply, there have been changes in the structure of exports of construction and installation works, and enterprises' incomes have decreased. Foreign exchange earnings from the export of construction services, which are a source of development for both enterprises in the construction industry and the entire economy of the Republic of Belarus, show slow growth.

Export allows to increase the capacity utilization of the enterprises of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus.

In 2016, 80.6% of the volume of contract work is performed by non-state enterprises. Figure 3 shows the volume of contract work by type of ownership (as a percentage of the total).

The share of contract work performed by private organizations for the period from 2010 to 2016 significantly exceeds the share of contract work performed by state organizations.

State organizations engaged in the construction of facilities face high competition from private organizations, as well as the risks of implementing projects related to the search for funding. The predominance of private enterprises performing construction and installation works indicates high competition in the construction industry, the result of which is an increase in the quality of construction and installation work, as well as the establishment of a market price for products and services. The growth in the number of foreign organizations is evidence of an increase in business activity in the industry, the effectiveness of investing in the construction of facilities on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

During the period under review, there was a constant increase in the share of private and foreign firms against the backdrop of a reduction in the share of the public sector.

The largest number of contract works is carried out in Minsk, Minsk, Gomel, Brest and Grodno regions.

The volume of commissioning of buildings is presented in Table 2 - The volume of commissioning of buildings for 2012 - 2016.

Table 2 - The volume of commissioning of buildings for 2012 - 2016

In 2016, the commissioning of non-residential buildings accounted for 7% of the total number of buildings. In real terms, the volume of construction of buildings decreased slightly.

In 2016, the largest share in the structure of commissioned non-residential buildings is occupied by agricultural, industrial and commercial buildings. The above types of non-residential buildings are the fixed assets of enterprises in various industries of the Republic of Belarus. Due to the decrease in the volume of investments in fixed capital, the commissioning of fixed assets decreased, respectively, the volume of commissioning of non-residential buildings in 2016 decreased. Increasing the investment activity of business entities of the Republic of Belarus will increase the volume of construction of non-residential buildings.

The largest share in the structure of costs for the production of products (works, services) of organizations in the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus in 2016 is occupied by material costs - 53.8%, as well as labor costs - 26.0%.

The material basis of construction is the industry of building materials and structures. Reducing the cost by optimizing the costs of production of building materials and structures will reduce the cost of products (works, services), thereby increasing their competitiveness, both in the domestic market and in foreign countries. Reducing the cost of construction will increase the export of products, construction and installation works.

Increasing labor productivity will reduce the cost of production of products (works, services) of construction organizations.

The volume of exports of construction services of enterprises in the construction industry is presented in Table 3 - The volume of exports of construction services of enterprises in the construction industry for 2012 - 2016.

Table 3 - The volume of exports of construction services of enterprises in the construction industry

for 2012 - 2016 (Thousand US dollars).

In 2016, the largest number of construction works and services are exported to Venezuela, the Russian Federation, China and Turkmenistan.

The volume of exports of construction and installation works and services increased over the period under review. The increase in export volumes is the main way to ensure the development of the industry, save jobs and wages, which is achieved through the active modernization of the construction industry. In physical terms, the export of works and services of enterprises increased.

The growth of export volumes is facilitated by:

Reducing the cost of building facilities by reducing costs at all stages of the investment and construction cycle (pre-project stage, engineering surveys, design, construction and installation works) and reducing resource consumption through the introduction of information modeling technologies;

Activation of the participation of enterprises, as well as holdings in contract bidding for the construction of large-scale facilities outside the country;

Expansion of export supplies to partner countries, search for new markets, active promotion of products, works and services of Belarusian enterprises, as well as increasing the efficiency of foreign economic relations in the field of construction.

The development strategy for the construction industry is determined by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus.

The structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus includes:

Subordinate to the Minister of Architecture and Construction are: Department personnel policy, regulatory legal support construction industry, department of finance, credit and regulation of accounting and reporting in the construction industry, sector of regime-secret activities and mobilization training, press secretary.

Subordinate to the First Deputy Minister are: the housing policy department, the information and control department.

The Deputy Ministers are subordinate to: the main department of construction, the main department of urban planning, design, scientific, technical and innovation policy, the main department of the industry of building materials and structures, the department of state property, the main department of economics and foreign economic activity.

The structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus is presented in Appendix A.

In 2016, the largest number of objects under construction in progress is located on the territory of Minsk, Vitebsk and Gomel regions.

In the number of objects of construction in progress are accepted objects on which all the necessary work has not been completed within the period established by the project documentation, which is why they are not ready for normal operation. These objects belong to the category of objects of above-standard construction. Construction in progress also includes construction projects whose construction has been suspended or mothballed.

There is a positive trend: the number of construction projects exceeding the norms of construction duration has decreased.

However, the number of objects of excess construction in progress remains significant (over 4 thousand objects), which indicates the need to take additional measures to strengthen control in this area. It is necessary to find out the reasons for non-compliance with the normative terms of construction.

The number of construction sites in construction in progress is presented in Table 4 - The number of construction sites in construction in progress for 2011-2016.

Table 4 - The number of construction sites in construction in progress for 2011 - 2016 (units, at the end of the year).

The following construction holdings operate in the Republic of Belarus: Mogilevvodstroy, Zabudova, SmartTek, Energostroyinvest, ZKS, Belavtodor, Blagomir Group of Companies, Parus, Stroytrest-Holding, Architect ”, “Belarusian Cement Company”, “Upper City - 1”, “Belstroycenter - Holding”. Most of them are horizontally integrated holdings, consisting of enterprises performing construction and installation work in certain areas. Construction holdings include 105 enterprises.

The largest holdings are Belavtodor and Belstroycenter. There are no vertically integrated holdings in the Republic of Belarus that carry out a complete technological chain from the production of building materials, design and ending with the construction of an object, the creation of infrastructure, including banking, insurance, design, research organizations. The Republic of Belarus has the potential and the necessary resources to create vertically integrated holdings.

Construction holdings operating on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, the number of their participants are presented in Table 5 - Construction holdings operating on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

Table 5 - Construction holdings operating on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

In the Republic of Belarus, the most significant BIM facility will be the multifunctional complex "Gazprom Center" for OAO "Gazprom Transgaz Belarus", designed by the St. Petersburg Design Bureau "ViPS". The use of information modeling technology resulted in savings of $1.5 million. The projected complex is located in close proximity to the National Library and consists of several buildings that will house administrative offices, a hotel with a congress center, medical and sports centers.

The UK government, when launching a project to use BIM in all government facilities, set the goal of achieving a 20% reduction in construction costs. Already the first pilot projects have made it possible to exceed this indicator.

In the UK today, 5 schools are being built at the cost of 4, which is £2 billion in monetary terms.

In Russia, a calculation was made of the savings that can be achieved on construction projects in Moscow. As an example, was taken Government program"Housing". Every year, within its framework, investments are made in housing construction in the amount of about 300 billion rubles. Successful introduction of information modeling technology will make it possible to save up to a third of the budget per year, or approximately 100 billion rubles. At an approximate cost high school per 1,000 places of 1 billion rubles, the funds saved through the use of BIM can be directed to the construction of 100 new schools.

Research company McGraw Hill Construction, which studies the global construction market, came to the conclusion that the more projects a company completes on the basis of BIM technology, the greater the return on investment. The return on BIM implementation, according to statistics, is 5 to 1. The payback of the technology is achieved both in the form of a direct return of money for construction companies and construction customers, and in the form of won tenders for design organizations.

An architect (designer) cannot be held responsible for the final result of construction if he has no influence on the implementation of the project. The cost of a designer's mistake is exceptionally high and multiplies many times on the scale of the entire life cycle.

Through an end-to-end information system based on the information model of the object, the interaction of participants and construction logistics throughout the entire life cycle is organized - from the architect, material manufacturers, designers and technical support, through accounting programs and a warehouse to the construction site and commissioning of the finished object. In some areas, the efficiency of work has increased by 2 times. Thanks to forward planning, it has also become possible to see in advance the need for resources and labor for each day.

Along with information modeling technologies or as their logical continuation, there is a comprehensive solution for automating construction organizations based on SAP AG solutions.

Chapter 2. Individual task

2.1. Proposals for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the construction industry

The management structure of the construction industry needs to be improved. The managerial (organizational) mechanism should meet the requirements of the time as much as possible. Particular attention should be paid to the issues of above-standard construction, cost optimization at all stages of the investment and construction cycle, improving the quality and competitiveness of domestic enterprises in the construction industry. The industry needs to maintain its production potential, maintain the dynamics of construction volumes and increase export volumes. With the exit from the global crisis, the construction industry will require personnel and capacities of the building materials industry, which must be preserved.

1) According to the National Classifier of the Republic of Belarus "Types of economic activity" OKRB 005-2011, construction includes:

1. Construction of buildings: implementation of projects related to the construction of buildings and general construction of buildings;
2. Civil engineering: construction of roads and railways, construction of distribution engineering structures,
3. construction of other engineering structures;
4. Special construction work: demolition of buildings and structures, preparation of a construction site, installation and installation of engineering equipment for buildings and structures, finishing work, other special construction work.

The structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus is given in Appendix A. A comparative analysis of the structure of the construction industry by types of economic activity (by objects of management) and the structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction revealed their discrepancy. In order to improve the efficiency of management of the construction industry, it is proposed to change the structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus by supplementing the existing structure with the following units:

– Department of building construction;

– Department of Civil Engineering;

– Management of special construction works (Appendix B).

The above departments are proposed to be subordinated to the main construction department. As a result, a new management structure will be created, corresponding to the structure of the construction industry by type of economic activity.

2) Detailing the control function in construction includes:

Creation of a system of independent bodies to control construction projects with overtime construction. It is proposed to subordinate them to the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.

The structure of the main department and departments for the regions and the city of Minsk for above-standard construction will include specialists in the field of construction: design engineers, designers, civil engineers, estimators.

The tasks of the bodies are:

1. Collection of information about objects of construction in progress, the regulatory deadlines for which have been exceeded;
2. Drawing up, changing and updating the list of objects of construction in progress located in the regions and the city of Minsk.
3. Finding out the reasons for non-compliance with the normative terms of construction;
4. Work with appeals of citizens and legal entities (organizations) on issues of untimely commissioning of construction projects;
5. Transfer of information for verification to the Department of Control and Supervision of Construction or its inspection in case of violations of the requirements of technical regulatory legal acts, design documentation in the course of construction and installation works;
6. Transfer of information to the State Control Committee in case of detection of offenses;
7. Transfer of the construction object to the ownership of another construction organization (alienation) by holding an auction or on a gratuitous basis to a state organization, in case of detection of offenses, if the organization that exceeded the construction time of the object is not able to complete the construction on its own. The transfer of the construction object is carried out after the state examination of the object in order to comply with the specified quality.

3) Formation of vertically integrated holdings, creation of clusters on their basis, consisting of organizations complementing each other and including: design, construction organizations, organizations producing construction products, research institutes, insurance, investment companies. The cluster is distinguished from the holding by its innovative orientation, as well as the possibility of obtaining excess profits through the introduction of innovations in the production process, the creation of new unique products.

In a vertically integrated holding, companies are each other's internal suppliers and, at transfer prices, transfer to each other through the chain an intermediate by-product necessary for the production of final products. Due to this approach, companies reduce costs, unify the rules of work and, within their holding, produce more competitive products than other enterprises in the same market segment.

Creation of vertically integrated production structures. Such companies operate on the principle of large corporations, combining in their structure several subsidiaries that provide a closed production cycle (vertically integrated structures in construction include: architectural and design organizations, enterprises for the production of building materials and structures, construction organizations, specialized installation enterprises).

Holdings are created in order to grow and scale, so it is preferable to combine mainly strong assets. Holdings should include enterprises with a certain (similar) level of economic development.

Holdings are formed with a specific purpose - to conquer new market sectors and reduce costs. These factors increase the value of the company, its capitalization.

Integration companies have the following advantages over separate commercial organizations:

1. Implementation of the economies of scale of the resources used (human, material, financial, informational);
2. Optimization of the conditions and cost of supplies to enterprises of domestic and imported material and raw materials;
3. Possibility of production diversification (release of new products with high added value);
4. The ability to implement a coordinated financial, investment, credit policy;
5. Obtaining the image of a large and influential integration structure in the foreign market; increase in export earnings due to the development of new markets;
6. Optimization of marketing policy and sales;
7. Optimization of innovation policy, the possibility of major scientific developments; an increase in the chances of attracting large extrabudgetary sources of financing, an increase in the capitalization of enterprises, and an increase in investment attractiveness.

As a result, the effectiveness of production and economic activities increases.

When forecasting the production and economic activities of the consolidating structure, it is expected to get the effect of: optimization of management structures, optimization of logistics, increase in export earnings.

The effect of optimizing management structures is defined as a reduction in labor costs by 0.3 - 1.3% (depending on the enterprise) due to the optimization of the number of financial and economic services (sales departments, foreign economic activity, finance, logistics, service marketing) as a result of the consolidation of sales and financial functions in the management company.

The effect of optimization of material and technical supply was calculated as a 5% reduction in the cost of raw materials and materials as part of the total cost of production and sales of products due to the optimization of the conditions and cost of delivery of imported and domestic raw materials by creating a centralized supply system. It saves money by lowering prices due to the increase in the volume of purchases by one buyer, which is the management company. As a result, suppliers are placed in a highly competitive environment and are forced to offer better prices and delivery terms.

The effect of an increase in export earnings was defined as a 5% increase due to the development of new markets (CIS countries, the Middle East, the European Union), optimization of sales policy and sales marketing, consolidation of the commodity distribution network through the spread of stable market positions of stronger participants in the consolidating structure to other enterprises, included in the structure of an integrated company. Forecast calculations showed that due to the full use of the potential opportunities of the functioning of integrated structures and the construction of a high-quality risk management system in the medium term, it is possible to achieve an annual 10% increase in net profit with an increase in sales volumes by an average of 3.2% and a reduction in costs by 0.6% .

The most important task of the holding is to ensure centralized financing and management, striving for a balance between manageability and independence of organizations.

4) The application of information modeling technology includes:

Purchase and use by design organizations, large enterprises and holdings in their activities of software that allows you to create a 3D model of a construction site containing all the necessary information for planning and implementing the entire range of design, construction, logistics, operation throughout the entire life cycle of the facility.

The created digital 3D model will allow you to determine the exact cost of the project. The technology allows you to accurately determine the need for materials, draw up a work schedule, determine the costs of work at all stages of the creation and operation of a construction object. The technology allows you to set all the necessary requirements for the quality of the object at the design stage and significantly simplify the quality control procedure for all operations during the implementation of the project.

Information Modeling is latest approach to the design, construction and management of the technical resources of a construction object during its full life cycle.

BIM is a digital description of the geometry of a building object and its elements, as well as the physical, technical, economic parameters and processes associated with them.

– Development of multivariant design solutions;

– Optimization of energy consumption, environmental impacts and determination of the performance of the facility;

– Creation of high-quality project documentation and visual representations;

- Preparation of estimates and construction plans;

– Order and manufacture of materials and equipment;

– Building construction management;

– Management of the operation of the building and means of technical equipment;

– Design and management of the reconstruction or repair of the building;

– Demolition and disposal of the building.

The creation and use of BIM occurs continuously throughout the life cycle of a building.

Creating a model from information-rich graphic elements and interaction of all participants through a special server can reduce the complexity of design by up to 70% and attribute the main costs of modeling to the cost of delivery and construction and installation works. According to foreign experience in using BIM (given high productivity in developed countries), costs are reduced:

– 30% at the design stage;

– 40% – at the construction stage;

- By 5% - at the operational stage.

The main design goal is fast and high-quality construction.

The leading suppliers of software platforms that implement BIM technologies are Dassault Systemes (USA), Bentley Systems (USA), Autodesk (USA), Nemetschek (Germany).

The cost of the Autodesk Revit software product for one workplace is 2000 US dollars or 3890 rubles.

The competencies of design engineers should increasingly shift towards knowledge of the construction production process and planning tools, as well as the competencies of engineers in the production and technical departments of contractors should be enriched with knowledge of the main design programs and the specifics of the work of designers. For the successful implementation of a project using information modeling technology, highly qualified universal specialists of the professions of architect and engineer are needed in one person, when the author of the project has all the necessary skills and powers for its implementation.

Based on information modeling (BIM), it became possible to use new organizational and management tools - the model is a source of reliable and verified data available for analysis and effective decision-making on the interaction of all participants in the process in accordance with the task and area of ​​responsibility of each project participant. The design organization must be ready for economic design with reference to planned tasks and financial indicators, be able to create a project on the basis of which the customer's service for managing the construction of an object can function.

It is necessary to teach modeling to designers who create digital elements and receive an information model of the object, there is a need to train specialists from the production and technical department and foremen, because now a PTO representative is constantly at the construction site and is responsible for making design decisions in close cooperation with foremen and designers.

Active development of information modeling technologies in the construction industry will allow you to quickly select design options for facilities and have advantages in foreign markets.

The introduction of advanced management systems in construction organizations for the integrated optimization of production and management processes in the design, construction and installation works will increase labor productivity, reduce costs and increase the efficiency of production management.

Conclusion

The main problems of the industry are: increasing the efficiency of state management of the industry, monitoring objects of excess construction in progress, reducing the number of long-term construction, increasing the capacity utilization of construction organizations, their participation in large foreign projects, reducing costs, reducing the number of errors, reducing time spent as in the design of facilities, as well as during the construction phase.

Proposals to improve the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the construction industry include:

1) Changing the structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus by supplementing the existing structure with the following units: building construction department; civil engineering department; management of special construction works. As a result, a new management structure will be created, corresponding to the structure of the construction industry by type of economic activity;

2) Creation of a system of independent bodies to control construction projects with overtime construction. The structure of the main department and departments for the regions and the city of Minsk for above-standard construction will include specialists in the field of construction: design engineers, designers, civil engineers, estimators;

3) Formation of vertically integrated holdings, creation on their basis of clusters consisting of organizations complementing each other and including: design, construction organizations, organizations producing construction products, research institutes, insurance, investment companies;

4) Purchase and use by design organizations, large enterprises and holdings in their activities of software that allows you to create a 3D model of a construction object containing all the necessary information for planning and implementing the entire range of design, construction, logistics, operation throughout the entire life cycle object.

List of sources used

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2. National classifier of the Republic of Belarus OKRB 005-2011 "Types of economic activity" [Electronic resource] / National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. - Minsk, 2017. - Access mode: http://www.belstat.gov.by/. – Access date: 02/24/2017.
3. Investment Code of the Republic of Belarus / Adopted by the House of Representatives on May 30, 2001; approval Council of the Republic on June 8, 2001; entered into force on October 9. 2001 - Minsk: IPA "Register", 2001. - 56 p.
4. Buzyrev, V.V. Management in construction: a textbook for universities / V.V. Buzyrev, I.V. Fedoseev. – M.: KNORUS, 2016. – 320 p.
5. Buzyrev, V.V. Economics of construction: a textbook for universities / ed. V.V. Buzyrev. - 3rd ed. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009 - 416 p.
6. Golubova O.S. Economics of construction: textbook / O.S. Golubova, L.K. Korban., S.V. Walitsky. - Minsk: TetraSystems, 2010. - 320s.
7. Gorfinkel, V.Ya. Enterprise economics: textbook / V.Ya. Gorfinkel, 5th ed. - M.: UNITI-DANA, 2008. - 767 p.
8. State Committee for Standardization of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / State Construction Supervision. - Minsk, 2017. - Access mode: http://www.gosstandart.gov.by/. – Date of access: 02/28/2017.
9. State regulation of the economy: textbook / Antonova N.B. - Minsk: Academy of Management under the President of the Republic of Belarus, 2004. - 775 p.
10. Diekman, L.G. Organization of construction production: a textbook for universities. - M .: Publishing house of the association of construction universities, 2006. - 608 p.
11. Kazansky, Yu.N. Experience in organizing and managing US construction firms / Yu.N. Kazansky. – M.: Stroyizdat, 2007.
12. National legal Internet portal of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Nat. center of legal information. Rep. Belarus. - Minsk, 2017. - Access mode: http://www.pravo.by. – Date of access: 06/12/2017.
13. National strategy for sustainable socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus for the period up to 2020. [Electronic resource] / United Nations in the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://un.by/. – Access date: 04/08/2017.
14. News of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Belarusian Telegraph Agency. - Minsk, 2017. - Access mode: http://www.belta.by/. – Access date: 08/27/2017.
15. Economic news [Electronic resource] / scientific and practical journal "Director". - Minsk, 2017. - Access mode: http://director.by/. – Access date: 07/04/2017.
16. Official statistics "Construction and investments" [Electronic resource] / National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://www.belstat.gov.by/. – Access date: 05/22/2017.
17. List of holdings of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://www.economy.gov.by/ru/. – Access date: 09/02/2017.
18. News portal of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Architecture and construction. - Minsk, 2017. - Access mode: http://arcp.by/ru. – Access date: 04/20/2017.
19. Promotion of Chinese construction services to the foreign market [Electronic resource] / OAO "NII Stroyekonomika". – Access mode: http://www.stroyekonomika.by/. – Access date: 08/17/2017.
20. Savitskaya, G.V. Analysis of the economic activity of the enterprise: textbook / G.V. Savitskaya, 5th ed. revised and additional M.: INFRA, 2009 - 536 p.
21. Stepanov, I.S. Economics of construction: textbook / I.S. Stepanov [i dr.]; under the general editorship. I.S. Stepanova. - 3rd ed. – M.: Yurayt, 2007. – 620 p.
22. Structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction [Electronic resource] / Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://www.mas.gov.by/ru. – Date of access: 02/28/2017.
23. Trushkevich, A.I. Organization of design and construction: textbook / A.I. Trushkevich. - Minsk: Higher School, 2010.
24. Shvedov, A.P. Organization and management in construction: textbook.-method. complex / A.P. Shvedov, E.S. Balashova, I.P. Swedes. - Novopolotsk: PGU, 2014. - 168 p.

Report on research practice on the topic “Economics and management national economy” updated: November 14, 2017 by: Scientific Articles.Ru

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Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

FGBOU VO "KubSU"

Faculty of Economics

Department of Enterprise Economics, Regional and Personnel Management

REPORT

on the implementation of research practice in JSC "Bank UralSib"

I've done the work

Vasiliev D.I.

Scientific adviser:

Vanyan D.N.

Krasnodar 2016

Introduction

In the process of passing the research practice, a purposeful collection of materials was carried out at OJSC Bank UralSib, including from its official website. The purpose of the practice was to study the organizational structure of personnel management, enterprise finances, accounting, reporting, and collect other necessary information.

The need for research practice lies in the fact that during the practice there is a collection necessary information for subsequent high-quality assimilation of professional, special disciplines, high-quality performance of the report. Also, at the time of internship, there is an acquaintance not only with theoretical, but also with practical aspects of the organization's activities, which in turn also has a positive impact on the further learning process.

The objectives of the research practice were:

Establish normal business relations with managers, specialists of the organization;

Determine the type (model) of the organizational structure and management structure of the enterprise, regulatory documents (charter or other constituent documents);

Collect general information about the enterprise, forms of accounting, statistical reporting on the official website;

Get practical skills in the chosen specialty;

Prepare an internship report;

Successfully defend the results of the research practice with the supervisor in a timely manner.

1. Organizational and economic characteristics of OJSC BANK URALSIB

bank financial reporting

1.1 General information about the bank

Open Joint Stock Company "BANK URALSIB" is a credit institution, the legal successor of the Open Joint Stock Company "Republican Investment and Credit Bank "Bashkreditbank", (RICB "Bashkreditbank"), reg. number 2275 dated January 28, 1993.

OJSC BANK URALSIB is one of the ten largest Russian banks, providing its retail and corporate clients with a wide range of banking products and services in 51 regions of the Russian Federation. The share of the Southern region accounts for 13% of the total number of points of sale of JSC BANK URALSIB (2nd place after the Volga region).

The work of JSC BANK URALSIB is organized according to the principle of a financial supermarket. Under a single brand, services are provided to private clients, small businesses, corporate clients, and financial institutions. The service line includes more than 40 products. Among them are deposits, mortgage, consumer and car loans, investment services, shares of mutual funds. According to Expert RA, following the results of 2012, OJSC BANK URALSIB ranks first in the lending market for small and medium-sized businesses, is one of the top five Russian banks in terms of the size of the branch network and the top three in terms of the number of own ATMs, and also ranks 3rd in terms of the number of issued plastic cards.

Let us consider in detail the history of the creation of OJSC URALSIB. 1988 -- Establishment of an industry bank serving the automotive industry, JSCB "Avtobank". The bank was issued license No. 30, which was subsequently assigned to OAO URALSIB. The founder of this bank was Tsvetkov Nikolai Alesandrovich. Vladimir Kogan has now replaced him as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Bank. 1993 -- Establishment of the Oil Investment Company "NIKoil" (NIK "NIKoil"). 1996 -- Establishment of the NIKoil Group of Companies. Joining the Group of commercial bank "Rodina". 1998 - Integration into the NIKoil Group of the RINAKO Plus brokerage company. 2000-2001 -- Completion of the restructuring of NIK-oil as a diversified financial corporation. 2002 -- Acquisition of "Avtobank" and development of the insurance business through the acquisition of OJSC "Industrial Insurance Company". 2003 -- Acquisition of "Ural-Sibirsky Bank" with a wide branch network. 2004 - Rebranding of the group under the single name "URALSIB". 2005 - As a result of the merger of five banks of the Corporation, a universal network bank of the federal level was formed - Bank URALSIB. Along with it, the Corporation's banking group includes a number of other regional banks. Registration number 2275, the bank was entered in the State Register Book on January 28, 1993, legal address Moscow, st. Efremova 8 (119048).

Having adopted a growth strategy through the development of a regional network, in 2002 Bashkerditbank changed its name to OJSC Uralo-Sibirsky Bank (short name UralSib) and, as part of the same expansion outside Bashkortostan, UralSib acquired controlling stakes in banks Kuzbassugolbank (Kemerovo) , Bashprombank (Ufa), Eurasia (Izhevsk), Dorozhnik (Chelyabinsk), Stroyvestbank (Kaliningrad), Dzerzhinsky (Perm).

In 2004, Nikolay Tsvetkov's corporation NIKoil bought a 72.5% stake in UralSib. By this time, NIKoil (established in 1993 under the name Complex Investments), which had earned initial capital on consulting and investment services for NK LUKoil, had already acquired Rodina Bank (later IBG NIKoil, see Book memory"), Rinako Plus broker, Avtobank (later Avtobank-Nikoil, see Book of Memory), Bryansk People's Bank, Industrial Insurance Company (PSK, later Uralsib Insurance Group) and other financial assets.

In 2005, all banks of the Financial Supermarket NIKoil Financial Corporation (renamed FC UralSib in May 2004) were merged under the auspices and licensed by UralSib, and the headquarters of the merged bank officially moved to Moscow. As of June 30, 2005, total assets and adjusted equity on the balance sheets of integrated banks were 169.4 billion rubles ($5.9 billion) and 27 billion rubles, respectively.

The Financial Corporation URALSIB announced the completion of the integration of the business of the five banks included in the Corporation and the successful start of the operations of OAO URALSIB. An unprecedented deal for the Russian financial market to integrate the business of five banks that are part of FC URALSIB has been successfully completed. Established as a result of integration, URALSIB (Open Joint Stock Company BANK URALSIB) was registered on September 20, 2005.

By the decision of the meeting of shareholders of all banks participating in the reorganization, Nikolai Alexandrovich Tsvetkov, President of the Financial Corporation URALSIB, was elected Chairman of the Management Board of OAO URALSIB.

October 3 was the beginning of the operating activities of URALSIB OJSC. The first days showed that all systems for supporting the bank's activities, including the regional network, are operating normally. The transition of banks to a single balance sheet was carried out without stopping operations. At present, the Bank's customers are served according to uniform standards everywhere.

The reorganization of the banking business of the Financial Corporation URALSIB took place in line with the policy of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia aimed at strengthening and further developing the Russian financial sector and increasing the competitiveness of domestic business abroad.

The determining conditions for the reorganization of the banks of FC URALSIB were strict observance of the rights and legitimate interests of the clients and shareholders of the reorganized banks, the preservation of financial stability by the merged bank and the ability to comply with all prudential standards of activity and mandatory standards of the Bank of Russia.

Consolidation of the banking business of FC URALSIB made it possible to significantly optimize the management of business processes and increase their efficiency. From an organizational point of view, the united structure has become more mobile and manageable, which will certainly have a positive impact on the quality of customer service.

After the merger, FC UralSib directly or indirectly increased its stake in the merged bank to almost 90%. At the same time, the shareholding of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan was reduced to 8.4%. The merged bank was named OAO BankUralSib (UralSib). By the end of 2006, the stake of the Government of Bashkortostan in UralSib Bank was again reduced to 7.41% of the shares, 48.92% of the shares belonged to FC UralSib, 32.32% to Aktiv-Holding, and 5, 06% - to the joint-stock company "UralSib - Capital Management". As of January 1, 2007, the consolidated assets of the UralSib banking group, according to international standards, amounted to 305.6 billion rubles, and capital - 45.2 billion rubles.

As of June 30, 2006, the top 20 depositors accounted for approximately 37% of its total corporate deposits, and the top 20 borrowers accounted for about 117% of capital, which is a quarter of the total loan portfolio (the latter forms 64% of net assets) . Various loans to individuals in the loan portfolio occupy a share of 28%, and deposits and accounts of individuals are approximately equal to the volume of corporate deposits and the amount of balances on current accounts of legal entities (around 20% of liabilities, 5th place among Russian banks in terms of the amount of funds of individuals persons).

Noteworthy is the uncharacteristic size for Russian banks of a block of shares of more than 27 billion rubles (almost 9% of net assets; shares and ADRs of LUKoil - about 10 billion rubles).

2008 -- The Bank's strategy until 2014 was approved, developed jointly with the Boston Consulting Group. DeutscheBank and MorganStanley acquired 2.1% of the shares of URALSIB Bank each.

2009 -- Increase in the Bank's authorized capital in the II quarter by 30% to 26.5 billion rubles as a result of an additional issue of shares.

2010 - Decision on the merger of JSCB "Stroyvestbank" and JSCB "URAL-SIB-South Bank" to JSC "URALSIB".

The mission of OJSC BANK URALSIB is: to improve the quality of life of the population, to develop entrepreneurial activity by providing clients with a range of financial products and services; to be an example of business efficiency in key sectors of the Russian financial market.

URALSIB Bank is positioned in the financial market as the largest universal network bank of the Federal level, providing the widest range of financial products and services throughout the Russian Federation. Among them are traditional deposits, consumer, mortgage and car loans, investment services, leasing, the opportunity to participate in collective investment funds, insurance products and many others.

URALSIB Bank is included in the TOP-10 largest Russian banks, provides its retail and corporate clients with a wide range of banking products and services in 51 regions of the Russian Federation. The Bank's sales network includes more than 613 outlets in Russia, 2.8 thousand ATMs, 8.7 thousand payment terminals, 3.7 million plastic cards have been issued.

According to rating studies, BANK URALSIB holds leading positions among Russian banks in terms of assets, capital, corporate and retail loans and deposits.

According to the RBC.Rating website, following the results of 2015, URALSIB ranked 14th in terms of net assets and 20th in terms of balance sheet profit. In accordance with the rating of the magazine "Profile", according to the results of 2015, URALSIB ranks 6th in terms of the volume of loans issued to individuals, and 8th in terms of the volume of attracted deposits from individuals. In terms of balances on accounts of corporate clients, the Bank is in 9th place, and in 11th place in terms of profitability.

According to the results of a study conducted by Comcon Investment Company and the National Agency for Financial Research (NAFI), URALSIB is confidently in the top 5 in the recognition rating of Russian banks, as well as in the top 5 in the rating of the most client-oriented, reliable and socially responsible financial brands. The Bank is ranked 10th in terms of liquid assets, and 12th in terms of net assets.

In 2014, the bank was assigned ratings from international rating agencies:

- "BB" Fitch Ratings - The level of creditworthiness is below sufficient

- "BB" Standart & Poor "s - the issuer is solvent, but adverse economic conditions may adversely affect the possibility of payments

- "B1" Moody "s Investors Service - debt obligations are considered as speculative and subject to high credit risk.

The Bank's integrated regional sales network for financial products and services as of the end of 2015 includes:

- 35 branches

- 451 points of sale

- 2914 ATMs

- 13866 payment terminals

JSC URALSIB carries out operations in accordance with the following types of licenses:

· General license of the Bank of Russia N 30 (issued on September 20, 2005).

· License for banking operations N 30 (issued on September 20, 2005 for attraction of deposits and placement of precious metals).

· License of a professional participant in the securities market to carry out depositary activities, issued by the Federal Financial Markets Service dated 07.03.2003. No. 177-06473-000100 (unlimited), etc.

Cooperation with credit institutions of the Russian Federation, the CIS countries and the Baltic States is one of the key activities of the Banks of the Financial Corporation URALSIB. Within this area, work is based on the principle of creating a wide network of correspondent banks and counterparties, which ensures the implementation of the strategic objectives of the entire Financial Corporation.

The Bank maintains partnership relations with the leading banks of the CIS and Baltic countries, as well as with the world's leading banks. Among foreign counterparties are such banks as: RAIFFEISEN ZENTRALBANK OSTERREICH AG (RZB-AUSTRIA), Vienna; HSBC BANK PLC, London; COMMERZBANK AG, Frankfurt am Main; DEUTSCHE BANK AG, Frankfurt am Main; ABN AMRO BANK NV, Amsterdam; AMERICAN EXPRESS BANK LTD, New York; CITIBANK N.A., New York; THE BANK OF TOKYO-MITSUBISHI LTD, Tokyo.

The bank's regional network is represented by seven regional directorates. The Yuzhny branch of JSC BANK URALSIB in Krasnodar is part of the Southern Regional Directorate, along with branches in Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Astrakhan, and Stavropol.

Yuzhny branch of JSC URALSIB in Krasnodar consistently ranks among the top five banks in the region in terms of key performance indicators and confidently holds the bar of the leading branch of JSC BANK URALSIB in Krasnodar. The financial services of the Yuzhny branch are popular and trusted among the residents of the Krasnodar Territory.

OJSC BANK URALSIB pursues an active policy in the social sphere. One of the main elements of this policy is joint programs with the Victoria Children's Fund under the Strategic Partnership Agreement.

The Foundation for Assistance to Destitute Children and Children Deprived of Parental Affection - Children's Fund "Victoria" - was established in November 2004 with the aim of improving the quality of life of children in an unfavorable life situation, primarily orphaned children and children left without care parents.

After analyzing the activities of the Branch "Yuzhny" of OJSC "BANK URALSIB" and comparing it with the main technical. directorates, we can conclude that the Yuzhny Branch is at a very high level in the retail business, yielding in terms of key indicators to the Republic and the Moscow Technical Directorate.

1.2 Organizational structure of the bank

The organizational structure is aimed primarily at establishing clear relationships between individual divisions of the organization, the distribution of rights and responsibilities between them. It implements various requirements for improving management systems, which are expressed in various management principles.

Like any organizational and managerial structure, BANK URALSIB OJSC has three management levels: top, middle and operational. At the highest level of management are taken the most general solutions for enterprise management and carry out the functions of strategic planning, general control and communication with external structures. At the middle level, top-level decisions are detailed, converted into specific plans, the functions of current planning, communication between the higher and lower levels of management, control, production management and resource flows are carried out. The result of the activities of employees of the operational level is the implementation production program, the implementation of the functions of managing the main and auxiliary production, operational management and local control takes place.

The basis of the personnel management policy is the construction of a system that involves the creation of specific measures:

· to motivate each employee to achieve the goals determined by the bank's strategy;

· to determine the criteria for assessing the degree of achievement of results;
· Remuneration and promotion of employees.

The central office of the bank is located at the address: Moscow, st. Efremova, d. 8. In Ufa, st. Revolutionary, 41 operates Remote central office and branch of JSC "BANK URALSIB", which provides a full range of financial services for clients of legal entities and individuals.

The structure of the bank management apparatus is shown in Figure 1.

The Supervisory Board includes: Vladimir Kogan (Chairman), Douglas Weir Gardner, Natalia Zvereva, Denis Korobkov, Ildar Muslimov, Ludmila Shabalkina, Dmitry Shmelev, Mikhail Molokovsky, Ilkka Salonen.

Management Board: Ilkka Salonen (Chairman), Airat Gaskarov, Evgeny Guryev, Alexey Sazonov, Ilya Filatov, Konstantin Kolpakov, Lidia Plytnik, Svetlana Bastrykina.

Chief Accountant Service: Reat Koneev (Chief Accountant), Nadezhda Simakova, Sergey Baidak, Alfiya Zarafutdinova, Alla Kukharenko.

Members of the OJSC Financial Corporation URALSIB group are primarily shareholders of the Bank.

As for the Southern branch in the city of Krasnodar, where the practice was completed, the management structure is as follows.

Figure 2 The structure of the management apparatus in the head department of the southern branch of the bank

Learn more about some departments. The accounting department is engaged in: development and approval of accounting policies, reflection in accounting of operations carried out by the bank, preparation of accounting documentation, development of bank balance sheets and other forms of reporting.

The legal department includes the functions of:

- develops normative documents and changes in the charter of the bank

- controls the implementation of the bank's charter and the correctness of registration of banking operations and other contractual operations of a non-banking type

- Executes bank transactions

- draws up contracts, acts of pledge, guarantees and guarantees, other business documents.

The computer operation department organizes the bank's computer systems and implements electronic payments and settlements for customers and the bank.

The security department of the bank's activities determines the confidentiality of certain categories of bank information constituting bank secrecy.

The personnel service plans the number and use of the bank's personnel, organizes the selection of personnel and placement, and organizes the certification of personnel.

Department of settlement and cash services:

- opening and maintaining customer accounts;

- carrying out cash inflow and outflow operations of the bank;

- carrying out settlement operations;

- carrying out operations with checks;

- carrying out operations on corr. account

- registration of settlement and cash documents;

- formation of daily balance sheets of the bank.

The lending department includes the following functions:

- develops the main directions of lending and investment (credit and investment policy of the bank);

- develops mechanisms for the implementation of credit and investment policy;

- organizes short-term and long-term lending to legal entities and individuals - entrepreneurs.

The department of foreign exchange operations carries out operations on the purchase and sale of foreign currency, maintains foreign currency accounts of clients, accepts funds in foreign currency deposits.

Thus, we can conclude that the branch has a linear-functional management structure. Linear authority is transferred directly from the boss to the subordinate and then to other subordinates. Subdivisions are formed according to the types of activity of the bank. Functional departments are divided into smaller departments, each of which performs a limited list of functions.

2. Analysis of the financial results of the bank

2.1 Analysis of the structure of liabilities

The resources of a commercial bank are the totality of all funds available to the bank and used to carry out active operations. According to the method of formation, the resources of a commercial bank are divided into own and attracted (borrowed) funds.

Own funds - funds received from the shareholders of the bank during its creation and formed in the course of its activities, which are at the disposal of the bank without time limits. In the practice of banking, own funds account for a small part of the resources.

Funds raised are customer funds received for a specified period or on demand.

The economic characteristics of JSC "BANK URALSIB" must begin with a study of the structure of the bank's balance sheet, namely, with a liability that characterizes the sources of funds, since passive operations largely determine the conditions, forms and directions of use of banking resources, that is, the composition and structure of assets. The dynamics of the structure and composition of assets and liabilities of OJSC BANK URALSIB will be carried out on the basis of the balance sheet data in Appendix 1 as of the period from 2013 to 2015. An analysis of the structure of resources of OJSC BANK URALSIB is presented in Table 1.

Analyzing these indicators, a number of conclusions can be drawn, namely: in the structure of liabilities, the largest share is occupied by attracted funds (liabilities) of the bank, which is determined by the nature of the bank and its role in the market. At the beginning of the analyzed period, they amounted to 332 billion rubles. (89.8% of the value of liabilities), and by the end increased to a level of 378 billion rubles. (90.1%), i.e. increased by 46 billion rubles. This suggests that, with an increase in the volume of attracted funds, the bank slightly reduced its activity in the main areas of business.

In the composition of liabilities at the end of the analyzed period, the largest share in 2014 falls on customer funds, which in value terms amounted to 311,521 million rubles.

Table 1 Structure of resources of JSC BANK URALSIB for 2013-2015, million rubles

The second place belongs to the funds of credit institutions: if in 2013 in value terms they amounted to 37,840 million rubles, then by 2015. they increased to 48963 million rubles. In share terms, their level increased by 1.5 times.

In the structure of the bank's own funds, the largest share is occupied by shareholders' funds; over the period under study, they tend to grow both in relative (increased by 2,660 million rubles) and in absolute terms by 10 percentage points.

Items other liabilities, reserves for possible losses, revaluation of fixed assets, share premium in share terms do not exceed 4-6% of the share of the total liabilities.

2.2 Analysis of asset structure

The main component of assets in JSC BANK URALSIB is the bank's net loan debt, i.е. the volume of outstanding loans to customers. So, at the beginning of the study period, this indicator was 227,504 million rubles, and at the end - 278,182 million rubles, we observe an increase in this indicator both in relative (22.3%) and in absolute terms. In our opinion, this trend may indicate an increase in lending in both retail and corporate business.

Table 3 Structure of assets of JSC BANK URALSIB for 2013-2015, million rubles

In order to replenish bank liquidity, the Bank of Russia has repeatedly decided to reduce the required reserve ratios. As a result of these measures, in 2013 there was a significant decrease in the bank's funds in the Central Bank compared to 2015. In 2014, this indicator slightly increased and reached 20.6 billion rubles. The Bank does not position itself as an active participant in the stock market, where OJSC BANK URALSIB acts both as an issuer, placing its own shares, and as an investor, acquiring securities both for resale and for the purpose of long-term investments.

After analyzing the composition of the resources of the commercial bank OJSC BANK URALSIB, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The bank is steadily growing, so it has an actively growing balance sheet (due to an increase in the amount of attracted resources).

2. The bank has a high potential for the growth of the resource base, as the share of equity is 9.9% at the end of the analyzed period.

3. Measures to improve processes, management methods in the bank

As a result of studying the existing personnel management strategy, it was concluded that this strategy needs to be improved. Recommendations for improving the personnel management strategy are to adjust it in connection with changing environmental requirements.

In today's environment, the overall strategy of the Bank should be consistent with the strategy of limited growth, which will allow Uralsib, despite the limitations in the form of economic factors, to develop and achieve the strategic targets set earlier.

Second in importance, after the corporate strategy, is the product marketing strategy, which should focus on retaining existing customers and developing budget options for allocating/raising funds and other core customer services.

After determining the corporate strategy and the product and marketing strategy of the Uralsib Bank, the personnel management strategy, as a functioning strategy, should solve the problem of supporting the general line of the company's development.

Thus, the main goal of the personnel management strategy is the formation of highly qualified, professional and mobile personnel of all levels, ready to adequately respond to any changes, both in the internal structure of the enterprise and in the industry as a whole.

Within the framework of the main goal, as well as on the basis of the identified shortcomings of the existing strategy, the following tasks can be identified that should be solved using the personnel management strategy:

* development of a system of adaptation to changes in the external and internal environment;

* development of adaptation mechanisms for new employees, as well as employees who have changed their job responsibilities within the Bank;

* development of a multilateral system of motivation for the Bank OJSC "Uralsib".

The personnel management strategy of Uralsib Bank should provide for a clear program for the adaptation of personnel to possible changes, as well as smoothing out the negative reaction of personnel to these changes.
The main tasks of the personnel department are:

- knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of the Bank's employees;

- development of a change program based on environmental requirements;
- anticipating the reaction of employees to planned changes;
- development of proposals for leveling negative reactions to the planned changes;

- training of managers in the process of change management;

- development and implementation of changes in the organizational structure corresponding to the current business goals;

- development and implementation of regulations in the corporate culture;

- development and implementation of key performance indicators;

- development and professional or personal profiles of new employees.

It should be noted that the introduction of personnel management procedures in the face of change involves a whole system, including: motivation for change, adaptation and learning new skills. Changes will be easier and more efficient if, at the beginning of their implementation, preference is given to new employees, in particular, middle managers who have experience with technologies similar to those being introduced. In any case, the personnel department at all stages of the change (rumors, the beginning, the immediate process of change, the response) needs to be sensitive to the level of the psychological climate in the team. Possession of information about different lines of behavior of personnel will allow you to quickly respond to a possible reaction.

Whether it is the wrong process of understanding changes, which will require additional clarification, or not accepting changes, or a system of one's own opinion about changes.

The next step in improving the personnel management strategy is the process of personnel adaptation. Most experts rightly believe that certification is one of the most effective tools for personnel management.

The adaptation process should be aimed at ensuring a faster entry into the position of a new employee, training, forming a positive image of the organization, reducing the discomfort of the first days of work, increasing motivation, as well as assessing the level of qualification and potential of the employee during his probationary period. The introduction of this personnel management strategy will help the bank to mobilize labor resources and identify shortcomings in the work of personnel.

Conclusion

The process of merging banks and creating a large-scale distribution network at the federal level affected the financial performance of the merged Bank. The rapid growth of assets in 2005 is the result of an extensive process of merging banks under the single URALSIB brand. After the merger, asset growth continued at a pace that reflects an intensive process.

The largest growth of the Bank's equity capital was observed in the mid-2000s. According to many experts, it is mainly associated with extensive factors: the merger of five banks under the URALSIB brand and the increase in share capital by converting the shares of the merged banks into shares of the merged Bank. In 2006, in the absence of additional share issues, the dynamics of the Bank's equity capital was due to exclusively intensive factors: the growth of funds and retained earnings of previous years. According to RBC.Rating, at the end of 2014, URAL-SIB Bank ranked 6th in terms of equity. The dynamics of equity capital is generally adequate to the dynamics of assets and complies with the capital adequacy ratio.

At the end of 2014, two of the world's leading rating agencies - Standard & Poor's and Fitch Ratings - upgraded the credit ratings of URALSIB Bank on an international scale. The increase in international credit ratings was due to the following factors:

- successful completion of the merger of five banks, which minimized integration risks;

- growing diversification of business lines;

- significant growth potential in the rapidly developing Russian banking market;

- high-quality client base;

- high level of capitalization;

- tendency to increase the profitability of the main banking activity;

- high quality of the loan portfolio;

- high level of liquidity of assets.

In the process of research practice, the tasks of the practice were fulfilled, the collection and analysis of the main economic and financial indicators were carried out, the structure of the bank's management apparatus was determined, and the history of the bank's creation was studied. During the internship, invaluable experience of working in a bank was gained.

Sources

URL: http://barfin.ru/company/uralsib/history (Date of access: 04/05/2016).

URL: http://lf.rbc.ru/reviews/507/ (Date of access: 04/02/2016).

URL: http://www.genon.ru/GetAnswer (Date of access: 03/16/2016).

URL: www.bankuralsib.ru/bank/index.wbp (Date of access: 03/20/2016).

URL: http://www.kuap.ru/banks/2275/balances/ (Date of access: 04/01/2016).

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