Presentation for the lesson (senior group) on the topic: “Didactic games in the senior group of kindergarten. Didactic game in the pedagogical process of kindergarten

KSU "Taranovskaya secondary school named after B. Mailina

department of education of the akimat

Taranovsky district"

"Didactic game

in the formation of elementary mathematical representations"

Completed by: Polubinskaya.N.P .

The role of didactic game in FEMP

At preschool age, the game has essential in life small child. The need for play in children persists and occupies a significant place even during the first years of their schooling. In games there is no real conditioning by circumstances, space, time. Children are creators of the present and the future. This is the charm of the game.

In the game, the child makes discoveries that have long been known to adults. Children do not set any other goals in the game than to play.

In the game, the child acquires new knowledge, skills and abilities. Games that promote the development of perception, attention, memory, thinking, development creativity, aimed at mental development preschooler in general.

In the game, the child acquires new knowledge, skills and abilities. Games that contribute to the development of perception, attention, memory, thinking, the development of creative abilities are aimed at the mental development of a preschooler as a whole.

Classification of didactic games

1. Games with numbers and numbers

2. Time travel games

3. Games for orientation in space

4. Games with geometric shapes

5. Games for logical thinking

1. Games with numbers and numbers

2. Time travel games

3. Games for orientation in space

4. Games with geometric shapes

5. Games for logical thinking

The first group of games includes teaching children to count in the forward and backward order. Using a fairy tale plot, children are introduced to the formation of all numbers within 10 by comparing equal and unequal groups of objects. Two groups of objects are compared, located either on the lower or on the upper strip of the counting ruler. This is done so that children do not have the misconception that more is always on the upper band, and the smaller one is on the lower band.

Second group math games(games - time travel) serves to introduce children to the days of the week. It is explained that each day of the week has its own name. In order for children to better remember the name of the days of the week, they are indicated by circles of different colors. Observation is carried out for several weeks, indicating by circles every day. This is done specifically so that the children can independently conclude that the sequence of days of the week is unchanged.

The third group includes spatial orientation games. Spatial representations of children are constantly expanding and fixed in the process of all types of activities. The task of the teacher is to teach children to navigate in specially created spatial situations and determine their place according to a given condition. With the help of didactic games and exercises, children master the ability to determine the position of one or another object in relation to another in a word.

The fifth group is didactic games for development logical thinking. At preschool age, elements of logical thinking begin to form in children, i.e. develops the ability to reason, to draw their own conclusions. There are many didactic games and exercises that affect the development of creativity in children, as they have an effect on the imagination and contribute to the development of non-standard thinking in children.

didactic games for the development of logical thinking. At preschool age, elements of logical thinking begin to form in children, i.e. develops the ability to reason, to draw their own conclusions. There are many didactic games and exercises that affect the development of creativity in children, as they have an effect on the imagination and contribute to the development of non-standard thinking in children.

Place and duration of didactic games in mathematics

Mathematics classes are held weekly, starting in September, on a certain day of the week. Duration of classes - 30 minutes. On each class is on work simultaneously on a new topic and a repetition of the past.

For a solid assimilation of knowledge, they must be interested in work. Easy conversation with children at a leisurely pace, attractiveness of visual aids, widespread use game exercises and didactic games - all this creates a good emotional mood in children. Games are used in which the game action is at the same time an elementary mathematical action - "Find the same amount!", "Put it in order!" and others. At the end of the lesson, outdoor games are often held, including walking and running: "Find your house!", "Cars and garages." They give children a motor discharge.

Development and improvement of didactic games depending on the purpose and objectives of the mathematical lesson and the significance of the didactic game for development cognitive interests in preschoolers

When selecting didactic games, it must be taken into account that the development of children's mental activity in the game is influenced by its organization. Each child should be given a specific task so that he meets with some difficulties in solving it, and does not receive everything ready-made.

When selecting games, the educator proceeds from the following:

What software tasks will he solve with their help?

Does the didactic task of the game correspond to the program content that is studied in the classroom

How the game will contribute to the development of mental activity of children, the education of the moral aspects of the personality

Train sensory experience

what software tasks he will solve with their help,

Preparation for the didactic game

Clear, concise, concise explanation of content, rules and game action

Outline the didactic tasks of the game, as well as which children should pay special attention to during the game

To involve in an active role, or, conversely, to restrain some, so that they do not suppress the initiative and creativity of their comrades, to help others gain confidence in their own strengths

whom to attract to an active role, or, on the contrary, to restrain some, so that they do not suppress the initiative and creativity of their comrades, to help others gain confidence in their own strength.

Didactic game contributes

* Development of attention

* Observations

* Wits

*Creativity

* Self-reliance

* Reinforce sensory experience

intelligence, creativity, independence and reinforce sensory experience.

The main feature of the didactic game is that the task is offered to children in game form, which consists of cognitive and educational content, as well as game tasks, game actions and organizational relations. Cognitive and educational content are formulated as a goal, i.e. the formation of elementary mathematical representations is what the teacher organizes the game for. This goal is concretized in a form accessible to the child, in a game task, giving rise to the question “How to do this?”

The teacher organizes and directs the game, acts as a performer game task, adviser, assistant in the right choice, support and activation of the positive influence of children on each other.

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DIDACTIC GAMES PERFORMED: TEACHER MBDOU No. 28 "RAINBOW" KULIDZHANYAN S.K. The game is a spark that ignites the flame of inquisitiveness and curiosity ”Soviet teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky

DIDACTIC GAMES training sessions organized in the form of educational games that implement a number of principles of gaming, active learning and are distinguished by the presence of rules, a fixed structure gaming activity and assessment systems, one of the methods of active learning Didactic game is such a collective, purposeful educational activity when each participant and the team as a whole are united by the decision main task and orient their behavior towards winning. Didactic game is an active learning activity for simulation modeling studied systems, phenomena, processes.

Didactic game is one of the forms of educational influence of an adult on a child. having two goals: one of them is educational, which is pursued by an adult, and the other is a game, for which the child acts. Didactic games differ in the content being taught, according to cognitive activity children, according to game actions and rules, according to the form of organization, according to the relationship of children, according to the role of the educator

TYPES OF DIDACTIC GAMES

By the nature of the material used, didactic games are conditionally divided into

Stages of didactic game

Methodology for organizing didactic games

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Methodological material for educators of the senior group. Long-term planning of plot-role-playing games. Card file of outdoor games, application. Card index of plot-role-playing games.

Card file of mobile games. Card file of observations on a walk (for a year) senior group. card index of plot-role-playing games with the application. forward planning plot - role-playing and theatrical ...

Transport. Didactic, speech games with movements, finger gymnastics, outdoor games, sr games ...

Transport. didactic, speech games with movements finger gymnastics, outdoor games, sr games ......

Travel games, algorithmic games, logic puzzles

Travel Games:1. "Visiting Lesovichka". Purpose: To teach children to guess riddles, to consolidate the skills of speech-evidence. The course of the game: An old forest man comes to visit the children and invites the children to ...

a selection of games: "Didactic games" "Didactic games for patriotic education" "Games of low mobility" "" "Games for the development of auditory attention"

Educational didactic games...

Methodological support of the work program. Educational area "Social and communicative development": thematic plan of role-playing games "I - play, you - play, we - play"

Role-playing games are aimed at developing the ability to coordinate your own game plan with the plans of your peers, change roles during the game ....

• Playing with objects or toys. Aimed at the development of tactile sensations, the ability to manipulate various objects and toys, the development creative thinking and imagination.
• Word games. For the development of auditory memory, attention, communication skills, as well as for the development of coherent and dialogic speech, the ability and desire to express one's thoughts.
• desktop printed. Used as a visual aid aimed at development visual memory and attention.
  

  Mandatory attributes in the gameplay are educational and educational tasks, clear rules and the exact sequence of actions.

  A didactic game is a multifaceted phenomenon that can be a teaching method, a form of learning. Made by the hands of teachers, they allow the child to reveal their potential using body analyzers (auditory, visual, tactile) and direct educational process to achieve positive results.

  Preschool practitioners educational activities not infrequently they resort to making educational toys with their own hands or together with the pupils of the group from various waste materials. Self-manufacturing allows you to diversify the supply program material taking into account the capabilities of the children's contingent.

  All kinds of games can be created or recreated by the hands of educators, making them colorful and interesting.

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Presentation on the topic: "Didactic games in senior group kindergarten» Educator of the group "Engine" Gerasimets Oksana Valerievna GBDOU No. 67 St. Petersburg 2014

"Geometric shapes" Purpose: to familiarize children with basic geometric shapes. Material: cards with the image of a house, a Christmas tree, a sun, etc. from geometric shapes. Game progress. After talking about the pictures, ask the child to show a square (triangle, circle, rectangle), then circle the figures shown with dotted lines with a pencil, and then color the picture. In the process of work, repeat the words with the child more often: "The ball is round, the window is square ..."

"Find and name the figure" Purpose: to exercise children in the knowledge of geometric shapes. Material: cards with the image of geometric shapes. Game progress. Invite the child to first color the figure in the frame, and then the same one, highlighting it from the other two. Ask him to name the shapes he knows and the color he has chosen for coloring.

"Flags and garlands" The purpose of the game: to develop the logical thinking of children, exercise in the knowledge of colors and geometric shapes. Material: cards with the image of a garland of flags and other geometric shapes. Game progress. Invite the children to color in each first figure of garlands and flags, then circle the dotted figures with a pencil and color them in any color. Then ask the child to show and name the figures, as well as to say what color he painted them.

"Chicken family" The purpose of the game: to exercise children in recognizing and naming geometric shapes, to develop the logical thinking of children. Material: plot picture depicting a chicken family, a card depicting geometric shapes. The course of the game. Consider a plot picture (pre-colored) with your child. "Who is drawn? Who is the father and mother in the family? Where are the kids? How many chickens? What color are they?" Then offer a card with the depicted geometric shapes and ask them to find in it those shapes that need to be cut out and glued to the image of a chicken, rooster, chickens. Help your child cut it out and let him stick it on himself. At the end of the work, rejoice in his success. You can invite the child to show in the picture the most big circle, a smaller circle and the smallest circles. At the end of the game, specify which geometric figure was performed. Offer to find items round shape in the surrounding space. Let the child draw circles with his finger on the table, on the floor, in the air. You can suggest drawing circles on paper.

"Sails" Purpose of the game: to introduce children to the shape of the "triangle", to develop thinking. Material: plot picture depicting boats made of geometric shapes, a card with geometric shapes. Game progress. Invite the children to tell what is in the picture, then draw a pencil around the sails. Ask what geometric shape they look like, what else geometric figures they are known. After that, the children look for a small triangle, then a large one. Help them, if they find it difficult, to color, cut and paste the shapes onto the image. At the end of the game, specify which geometric figure you cut out. Offer to find triangular objects in the surrounding space. Let the child draw triangles with his finger on the table, on the floor, in the air. You can suggest drawing a triangle on paper.

"Posting pictures" The purpose of the game: the development of logical thinking of children, consolidating knowledge of geometric shapes. Material: sample cards with drawings of geometric shapes, blank cards, cut out geometric shapes of different colors and sizes. Game progress. Look at the pictures with the children. Offer to find familiar geometric shapes on them. Cut out figures in two copies from colored paper and make applications with the children from one. Offer the second set of figures to the children for uploading images. Do not forget to fix the names of colors in the children's memory during the game. For the second image, cut out the shapes so that their shape is the same, but the color is different, so that the child can find the detail both in shape and in color.

"We construct from sticks" Purpose: consolidation of knowledge of geometric shapes, development of logical thinking of children. Material: cards with a contour image of objects, sticks of different lengths. The purpose of the game. Offer the children sticks of different lengths, ask them to select the longest, shortest and shortest. Lay out some figure from the sticks at the suggestion of the child. Then give the child a card, examine the contours of objects with him, let him recognize them, name them. Then offer to lay out any figure. In the process of work, fix the names of familiar geometric shapes that will appear in the process of laying out. Ask to lay out the figurines with sticks according to your own plan.

"Find the figure" The purpose of the game: to familiarize children with the names of geometric shapes, to introduce the cone, cylinder and prism. Material: building kit, cards depicting geometric shapes. Game progress. Ask the child to find and bring a cube, a brick, then a long plate (using a regular construction material for construction). Show the child a cone and offer to find the same part (then a cylinder, then a prism). After that, give the child a card and offer to find these details.

"We construct from sticks" The purpose of the game: the development of the logical skills of children. Material: sticks of different lengths in three sizes, cards with simple pictures. Game progress. Children are given sticks of different lengths, they are offered to divide them into three parts in size. Then they are given pictures (real images of simple-shaped objects: a flag, a car, a boat with a sail, a wheelbarrow, a flower, a vase, etc.) and are asked to lay out an image of these objects with sticks.

"Arrange the room" The purpose of the game: the development of logical thinking of preschoolers. Material: sheet of paper (35*45cm), construction set, planar geometric figures Game progress. The teacher offers the children a sheet of paper (35 * 45 cm) and says that this is the floor of the doll's room, asks to build it with bricks (the walls of the room), leaving gaps for the window and the door. After the children have done this, he takes out a sheet and puts it next to the built room. Then he takes out geometric shapes and offers to lay them out on paper, picking up pieces of furniture that are similar in shape to pieces of furniture (a square is a stool, a rectangle is a bed, etc.). The teacher examines the resulting scheme with preschoolers and asks to arrange "furniture" on it in a room lined with bricks. At the end of the work, the children compare the image with the building.

"Twelve months". Purpose: to develop orientation in time (names of months), seasons, auditory attention. Game progress: the teacher lays out cards with numbers from 1 to 12 on the table and shuffles them. The players take cards and line them up in order according to the number indicated on the card. They turned into 12 months. The teacher asks questions: “The first month, what is your name?”. "Twelfth month - what's your name?" "Sixth month, what's your name?" etc. You can make a hint - on reverse side write the first letter of the month.

"Determine the place of the toy" Purpose. To achieve the ability to simultaneously, on one exhale, pronounce a phrase of five to six words. The development of a long speech exhalation. Game progress: The teacher lays out various children's toys (car, pyramid, ball, bear, doll, etc.) on the table in one row. Calling the child, he asks: “Between which toys is the pyramid?” The child must give a complete answer: "The pyramid stands between the car and the ball." After two or three answers, the adult swaps the toys. Gradually, when repeating the game, you can replace the toys with others one at a time. Methodical instructions. When conducting the game, the teacher makes sure that the children speak slowly, without separating one word from another with long pauses. You must answer the question with a full answer, for example: "The ball lies between the doll and the bear."

"I can - I can not." Objectives: to focus children's attention on their skills and physical capabilities your body; develop self-esteem. Equipment: ball. Game progress: The leader throws the ball and says: "I can" or "I can't." The child, having caught the ball, continues the phrase, explaining why he can or cannot. For example: “I can run like I have legs. I can't fly because I don't have wings."

"Guess who called?" Objectives: to train the organs of hearing and activate the attention and auditory memory of children. Equipment: Ball. Game progress: The leader, standing with his back to the children, must determine by voice who called him. In the case of a correct answer, the place of the leader is taken by the child whose vote was determined.

"Guess the riddle from the picture." Objectives: help children remember the main group dangerous items, develop attention. Equipment: pictures of dangerous objects. Game progress: An adult makes a riddle, and the children guess and find the corresponding picture. An adult asks to think and say why these objects are dangerous? Children talk about the danger that each item poses.

"Ambulance." Purpose: to consolidate the knowledge and practical skills of first aid in children. Equipment: pictures depicting medical supplies (thermometer, bandage, brilliant green). Game progress: The teacher plays with the children the situation when a person cuts his arm, leg, broke his knee, elbow, a temperature appeared, when his throat ached, a mote got into his eye, and his nose bled. For each situation, work out the sequence of actions.

“Traveling around the city” Purpose: to acquaint with their native city Material: an album of photographs of their native city Game progress: The teacher shows the children photographs of the sights of the city, offers to name them.

"Secret" Goals: to form a desire to communicate with peers; overcome shyness; find various ways to achieve your goal. Game progress: the host distributes small items to all participants: a button, a brooch, a small toy, .... It's a secret. Participants are paired up. They must persuade each other to reveal their “secret.” Children must come up with as many ways of persuasion as possible (guess; give compliments; promise a treat; do not believe that there is something in the fist, ...)

Thank you for your attention! End!

Slides captions:

Didactic game in the pedagogical process of the kindergarten in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard
The main functions of the didactic game.
Didactic game is a multifaceted, complex pedagogical phenomenon: it is also a game method of teaching children preschool age, a form of education, independent play activity, a means of comprehensive education of the child's personality.
Didactic game as a game teaching method
games - classes and didactic games, where the leading role belongs to the educator, who, in order to increase children's interest in the lesson, uses a variety of game techniques, creates a game situation, introduces elements of competition, etc. The use of various components of game activity is combined with questions, instructions, explanations, showing and .. With the help of games - classes, the educator not only transfers certain knowledge, forms ideas, but also teaches children to play. The basis for children's games is formulated ideas about the construction of a game plot, about a variety of game actions with objects. It is important that conditions are then created for transferring this knowledge and ideas into independent, creative games. Didactic game is used in teaching children cognitive development, speech development, in the development of sensory culture.
Didactic game as a form of teaching children
contains two beginnings: educational (cognitive) and game (entertaining). The educator is both a teacher and a participant in the game at the same time. He teaches and plays, and children learn by playing. If knowledge about the world around us expands and deepens in the classroom, then in the didactic game (games - classes, actually didactic games), children are offered tasks in the form of riddles, suggestions, questions.
Didactic game as an independent game activity
based on the understanding of this process. Independent play activity is carried out only if the children show interest in the game, its rules and actions, if they have learned its rules. How long can a child be interested in a game if its rules and content are well known to him? Children love games that are well known, play them with pleasure. The teacher takes care of the complication of games, expanding their variability. If the children's interest in the game fades (and this applies to a greater extent to desktop-printed games), it is necessary to come up with more complex rules together with them. Independent gaming activity does not exclude control by an adult, i.e. is an equal participant in the game. On their own, children can play didactic games both in the classroom and outside of them.
Didactic game method of teaching children plot - role playing
the ability to take on a certain role, follow the rules of the game, expand its plot. For example, in the didactic game "Put the doll to sleep" the teacher teaches children junior group the sequence of actions in the process of undressing the doll - carefully fold clothes on a standing chair, treat the doll with care, put it to bed, sing lullabies. According to the rules of the game, children must select from the lying objects only those that are needed for sleep.
Games with objects
In games with objects, toys and real objects are used. Playing with them, children learn to compare, establish similarities and differences between objects. The value of these games is that with their help children get acquainted with the properties of objects and their characteristics: color, size, shape, quality. In games, they solve problems for comparison, classification, establishing a sequence in solving problems. Games with natural material(plant seeds, leaves, various flowers, pebbles, shells) Games with objects include plot-didactic games and dramatization games
Desktop printed games.
They are diverse in types: paired pictures, lotto, dominoes. The developmental tasks that are solved when using them are also different (Selection of pictures in pairs, according to common ground, memorizing the composition, number and location of pictures, drawing up split pictures and cubes, description, story about the picture showing actions, movements,
Word games.
built on the words and actions of the players. In such games, children learn, based on their existing ideas about objects, to deepen their knowledge about them. Since in these games it is required to use previously acquired knowledge in new connections, in new circumstances. Children independently solve various mental tasks; describe objects, highlighting their characteristic features; guess by description; find signs of similarities and differences; group objects according to various properties, signs. These didactic games are held in all age groups, but they are especially important in the upbringing and education of older preschool children, as they help prepare children for school: they develop the ability to listen carefully to the teacher, quickly find the answer to the question posed, accurately and clearly articulate their thoughts, apply knowledge in accordance with the task.
Word games.
Four groups of games:
games with the help of which they form the ability to highlight the essential features of objects, phenomena: "Guess?", "Shop", "Yes - no"
games used to develop in children the ability to compare, contrast, make the right conclusions: "Looks like - not like", "Who will notice more fables?"
games for the development of attention, quick wits, quick thinking, endurance, sense of humor: "Broken phone", "Paints", "Flies - does not fly", etc.
Games that help develop the ability to generalize and classify objects according to various criteria are combined in the third group: "Who needs what?", "Name three objects", "Name it in one word",
The structure of the didactic game.
Mandatory structural elements of a didactic game are: a teaching and educational task, game actions and rules.
didactic task.
To choose a didactic game, it is necessary to know the level of preparedness of pupils, since in games they must operate with existing knowledge and ideas. When determining a didactic task, one must first of all keep in mind what kind of knowledge, ideas of children about nature, about surrounding objects, about social phenomena) should be assimilated, consolidated by children, what mental operations should be developed in connection with this, what qualities of a person in connection with this can be formed by means of this game (honesty, modesty, observation, perseverance, etc.).
Game rules.
The main purpose of the rules of the game is to organize the actions and behavior of children. The rules can allow, forbid, prescribe something to children in the game, which makes the game entertaining, tense. Compliance with the rules in the game requires certain efforts of will from children, the ability to deal with peers, to overcome negative emotions that manifest themselves due to a negative result. It is important, when defining the rules of the game, to put children in such conditions under which they would receive joy from completing the task. Using the didactic game in the educational process, correctness, goodwill, and endurance are formed in children through its rules and actions.
Game actions.
A didactic game differs from game exercises in that the implementation of game rules in it is directed and controlled by game actions.
preparation for the didactic game
selection of games in accordance with the tasks of education and training: deepening and generalization of knowledge, development of sensory abilities, activation of mental processes (memory, attention, thinking, speech), etc.; establishing the compliance of the selected game with the program requirements for the upbringing and education of children of a certain age group; determination of the most convenient time for conducting a didactic game (in the process of organized learning in the classroom or in free time from classes and other regime processes); choosing a place to play where children can play safely without disturbing others; determination of the number of players (whole group, small subgroups, individually); preparation of the necessary didactic material for the selected game (toys, various objects, pictures ...); preparation for the game of the educator himself: he must study and comprehend the entire course of the game, his place in the game, the methods of managing the game; preparation for the game of children: enriching them with knowledge, ideas about the objects and phenomena of the surrounding life, necessary for solving the game task.
Conducting didactic games
familiarization of children with the content of the game, with didactic material, which will be used in the game (showing objects, pictures, a short conversation, during which the knowledge and ideas of children about them are clarified); explanation of the course and rules of the game. showing game actions, during which the teacher teaches children to perform the action correctly (for example, if one of the children is peeping when you need to close your eyes); determining the role of the educator in the game, his participation as a player, fan or referee. (determined by the age of the children, their level of preparation, the complexity of the didactic task, the game rules. Participating in the game, the teacher directs the actions of the players (advice, question, reminder); summing up the game is a crucial moment in managing it, because according to the results, which children achieve in the game, one can judge its effectiveness, whether it will be used with interest in the children's independent play activities.At the end of the game, the teacher asks the children if they liked the game, and promises that next time they can play new game, it will also be interesting. Children usually look forward to this day.
Didactic games with their own hands.
dots
lacing
Learn letters
Collect the picture
butterflies
caps
Find the figure
feed the animal
A.M. GORKY
"A child under 10 years of age demands games, fun, and his demand is biologically justified and legal. He wants to play, he plays with everything and learns the world first of all, and easiest of all in the game, the game."