Air Force of the Russian Federation - Composition. The Air Force, its composition and purpose

The two strongest powers in the world have the most powerful air force. These are Russia and the United States of America. Both countries are constantly improving them. New military units are issued, if not annually, then every two to three years. Huge funds are allocated for development in this area.

If we talk about Russian strategic aviation, then do not expect that you can find accurate, statistical data on the number of attack aircraft, fighters, etc. in service somewhere. Such information is classified as top secret. Therefore, the information provided in this article may be subjective.

General overview of the Russian air fleet

It is included in the Aerospace Forces of our country. One of the important components of the WWF is aviation. It is subdivided to long-range, transport, operational-tactical and army. This includes attack aircraft, bombers, fighters, transport aircraft.

How many military aircraft does Russia have? Approximate number - 1614 units of military air equipment. These are 80 strategic bombers, and 150 long-range bombers, 241 attack aircraft, etc.

For comparison, you can give how many passenger aircraft in Russia. Total 753. Of them 547 — trunk and 206 - regional. Since 2014, the demand for passenger flights began to fall, so the number of operated cars has also decreased. 72% of them are foreign models ( and ).

The new aircraft in the Russian Air Force are advanced models of military equipment. Among them are Su-57. it 5th generation fighter with a wide range of functions. Until August 2017, it was developed under a different name - Tu-50. It began to be created as a replacement for the Su-27.

The first time he soared into the sky yet in 2010 year. Three years later, it was launched into small-scale production for testing. By 2018 batch deliveries will begin.

Another promising model is MiG-35. it light fighter, whose characteristics are almost comparable with fifth generation aircraft. It was designed to deliver accurate strikes against targets on land and in water. Winter 2017 year, the first tests began. By 2020 first deliveries are planned.

A-100 Premier- another novelty in the Russian Air Force. Early warning aircraft. It should replace the outdated models - A50 and A50U.

From training machines can be brought Yak-152. It was developed for the selection of pilots at the first stage of training.

Among military transport models, there are IL-112 and IL-214. The first of them is a light aircraft, which should replace the An-26. The second was developed jointly with, but now they continue to design it, as a replacement for the An-12.

Of the helicopters, such new models are under development − Ka-60 and Mi-38. Ka-60 is transport helicopter. It is designed to deliver ammunition and weapons to the zones of military conflicts. Mi-38 is a multifunctional helicopter. Its financing is provided directly by the state.

There is also a novelty among passenger models. This is IL-114. Turboprop aircraft with two engines. It accommodates 64 passengers, and flies to a distance - up to 1500 km. It is being developed to replace An-24.

If we talk about small aviation in Russia, then the situation here is extremely deplorable. There are only 2-4 thousand aircraft and helicopters. And the number of amateur pilots is declining every year. This is due to the fact that two taxes must be paid for any aircraft at once - transport and property.

Air fleets of Russia and the USA - a comparative analysis

The total number of aircraft in the United States - this is 13,513 cars. The researchers note that among them - only 2000- fighters and bombers. The rest - 11,000- these are transport vehicles and those used by NATO, the US Navy and the National Guard.

Transport aircraft are extremely important as they keep the airbases on alert and provide excellent logistics to the American forces. In this comparison, the US Air Force and the Russian Air Force clearly win the first.

The US Air Force has a large amount of equipment.

In terms of the pace of renewal of military air technology, Russia is pulling ahead. By 2020, it is planned to release another 600 units. The real power gap between the two powers will be 10-15 % . It is already noted that Russian S-27s are ahead of American F-25s.

If we talk about comparing the armed forces of Russia and the United States, then the trump card of the first is the presence of especially powerful air defense systems. They reliably protect the air latitudes of Russia. Modern Russian complexes Air defense S-400 have no analogues anywhere in the world.

Russian air defense is something like an “umbrella” that protects the skies of our country until 2020. By this milestone, it is planned to completely update almost all military equipment, including air.

Military air force(Air Force) - view Armed Forces designed to protect the organs of the highest state and military administration, strategic nuclear forces, groupings of troops, important administrative and industrial centers and regions of the country from reconnaissance and air strikes, to gain air supremacy, fire and nuclear destruction enemy from the air, increasing mobility and ensuring the actions of formations different types of the Armed Forces, conducting integrated reconnaissance and performing special tasks.

The Russian Air Force consists of associations, formations and military units and include types of aviation: long-range, military transport; front-line (it includes bomber, assault, fighter, reconnaissance aircraft), army, as well as types of anti-aircraft troops: anti-aircraft missile troops, radio engineering troops.

Long-range aviation- the main strike force of the Air Force, capable of effectively hitting important objects of aviation groups, carrier ships cruise missiles sea-based (SLCM), energy facilities and facilities of the highest military and government controlled, nodes of railway, automobile and sea communications.

Military transport aviation- the main means of landing troops and military equipment in the interests of operations in the continental and ocean theaters of war, it is the most mobile means of delivery to specified areas material resources, military equipment, food, units and subunits.

Front-line bomber and attack aviation designed primarily for air support of the Ground Forces in all types of military operations.

Frontline reconnaissance aviation designed to conduct aerial reconnaissance in the interests of all types and branches of the troops.

Frontline Fighter Aviation is designed to destroy enemy air attack weapons when solving the tasks of covering groupings, economic regions, administrative and political centers, military and other objects.

Army Aviation designed for fire support of the Ground Forces. It is also entrusted with the tasks of combat and logistic support. During the battle, army aviation strikes at enemy troops, destroys its airborne assault forces, raiding, advanced and outflanking detachments, provides landing and air support for its own assault forces, fights enemy helicopters, destroys its nuclear missiles, tanks and other armored equipment .

Anti-aircraft missile troops designed to cover troops and facilities from enemy air attacks.

Radio engineering troops are designed to detect enemy air attack means in the air, identify them, escort them, notify the command, troops and civil defense bodies about them, to control the flights of their aviation.

Armament and military equipment of the Air Force

Strategic supersonic bomber with variable geometry wing Tu-160- designed to destroy the most important targets with nuclear and conventional weapons in remote military-geographical regions and deep in the rear of continental theaters of military operations.

Strategic missile carrier Tu-95MS- designed to solve strike missions to defeat the most important targets in remote military-geographical regions and in the deep rear of continental theaters of military operations.

Heavy military transport aircraft An-22 ("Antey")- designed for transportation over long distances of heavy and large-sized military equipment and troops, as well as for landing by parachute and landing method.

Heavy long-range military transport aircraft An-124 ("Ruslan")- is intended for the delivery of troops with standard military equipment and weapons from the deep rear of the country to theaters of military operations (theatre), transportation of troops between the theater and inside the rear zones, reinforcement airborne assault heavy military equipment, the delivery of goods to the forces of the fleets on the ocean theater of operations, the transportation of heavy and large-sized national economic cargo.

Front-line bomber with variable geometry wing Su-24M- Designed to destroy ground and surface targets in any weather conditions, day and night, in the tactical and immediate operational depth of the enemy territory.

Attack aircraft Su-25- designed to destroy small-sized mobile and stationary ground targets in conditions of visual visibility day and night, as well as low-speed air targets at the forefront in tactical and immediate operational depth.

conclusions

1. The Air Force consists of long-range and military transport aviation, front-line bomber and attack aviation, front-line reconnaissance aviation, front-line fighter aviation, army aviation, anti-aircraft missile and radio engineering troops.
2. Air Force designed for air strikes against enemy groupings, his rear and transport.
3. The Air Force leads aerial reconnaissance and organize air transportation.
4. The military transport aviation of the Air Force is capable of landing and dropping airborne assault forces, transporting troops and military equipment over long distances.

Questions

1. What branches of aviation are part of the Air Force?
2. What types of anti-aircraft troops are part of the Air Force?
3. What are the main aircraft in service with long-range aviation?
4. In what variety front-line aviation served legendary heroes Great Patriotic War Alexander Pokryshkin and Ivan Kozhedub?

Tasks

1. Prepare short message on the purpose of the anti-aircraft troops and their weapons and military equipment.
2. Prepare a message about the heroic deeds and records of the famous Russian pilot of the First World War, Pyotr Nesterov.
3. Using historical literature, write an essay on the topic "Chief Air Marshal A. A. Novikov - Commander of the Air Force during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
4. Using special materials and the Internet, prepare a story about one of the modern military pilots.

As the experience of the recent decades armed conflicts, the outcome largely depends on the state of the air force. More likely to win the warring side, which has a more developed air force. Russia has a strong air force capable of resolving any conflict that poses a threat to the state. A good example is the events in Syria. Information about the history of development and the current composition of the Russian Air Force is contained in the article.

Where did it all begin?

Despite the fact that the official creation of Russian aviation took place in August 1912, the study of aerodynamics in tsarist Russia started much earlier. It was for this purpose that a special institute was founded by Professor Zhukovsky in 1904. In 1913, the designer Sikorsky assembled the legendary Ilya Muromets bomber.

In the same year, a four-engine biplane "Russian Knight" was designed. Designer Grigorovich carried out work on various hydroplane schemes. In 1914, a "dead loop" was performed by a military pilot P. Nesterov. Russian pilots The first successful flights to the Arctic were made. According to experts, the military aviation of the Russian Empire did not last long, however, it established itself as one of the best air forces at that time.

revolutionary time

By 1917, the fleet of Russian aviation was represented by aircraft numbering at least 700 units. AT October revolution aviation was disbanded, a large number of pilots died, a significant part was forced to emigrate. Soon, already in 1918, the young Soviet republic formed its own Air Force, which was listed as the RKKVF (Workers 'and Peasants' Red Air Fleet). Soviet authority began to intensively develop the aviation industry: new enterprises and design bureaus were created. Since the 30s, the career of such brilliant Soviet designers like Polikarpov, Tupolev, Lavochkin, Ilyushin, Petlyakov, Mikoyan and Gurevich. Training and initial training of flight personnel was carried out in special flying clubs, after which the cadets were distributed first to flight schools, and later to combat units. In those years, 18 flying schools functioned, through which 20 thousand cadets passed. Training of technical personnel took place in six specialized aviation institutions. Management Soviet republic understood that it was very important for the first socialist state to have a powerful air force. In order to increase the aircraft fleet, all measures were taken by the government. As a result, by the 1940s, the Yak-1 and Lag-3 fighters, assembled in the design bureaus of Yakovlev and Lavochkin, replenished the air ranks. In the Ilyushin Design Bureau, they worked on the creation of the first Il-2 attack aircraft. Tupolev and his designers designed the TB-3 long-range bomber. Mikoyan and Gurevich at that time were engaged in the MiG-3 fighter.

During World War II

By the beginning of the Great Patriotic Aviation Industry Soviet Union 50 aircraft were produced per day. Soon production was doubled. According to experts, Soviet aviation suffered very heavy losses in the first years of the war. This is due to the fact that Soviet pilots did not have sufficient combat experience. The outdated tactics used by them did not bring the expected result. In addition, the border zone was constantly subjected to enemy attacks. As a result, stationed there Soviet aircraft were shattered and never took off. Nevertheless, by 1943, the pilots of the USSR acquired the right experience, and aviation was replenished with modern technology: Yak-3, La-5, La-7 fighters, modernized Il-2 attack aircraft, Tu-2 and DB-3 bombers. During the years of the Great Patriotic Aviation School, more than 44 thousand pilots graduated. Of these, 27,600 pilots died. According to experts, from 1943 until the end of the war, Soviet pilots gained complete air superiority.

post-war period

At the end of World War II, the confrontation between the USSR and Western countries escalated. This period in history is known as cold war. Aviation is replenished with jet aircraft. Helicopters appear, which have become a completely new type of military equipment. Rapid development continues Soviet aviation. The aircraft fleet has been replenished with 10,000 aircraft. In addition, Soviet designers completed work on fighters fourth generation Su-29 and MiG-27. The design of the fifth generation aircraft immediately began.

After the collapse of the USSR

At this time, the division of aviation began between the young republics that had seceded from the Soviet Union. According to experts, all the undertakings of Soviet designers were buried. In July 1997, the President of the Russian Federation formed a new branch of the military - the Russian Air Force. It united the troops air defense and the air force. After all the necessary structural changes, in 1998 the Main Headquarters of the Russian Air Force was created. Nevertheless, according to military experts, the 1990s became a period of degradation for the aviation of the Russian Federation. The situation was extremely difficult: many abandoned airfields remained, unsatisfactory maintenance of the remaining aviation technology, the training of flight personnel was not carried out at the proper level. Lack of finance had a negative impact on training flights.

2008-2009

During this time period, according to experts, the situation in the Russian Air Force (a photo of this type of troops is presented in the article) has improved dramatically. In order to correct the critical state of the air force, the state allocates large sums. In addition to overhaul and modernization, the aircraft fleet is intensively updated with new aircraft models.

The designers of the Russian Air Force today are completing the development of the 5th generation PAK FA T-50 aircraft. Military personnel with significantly increased pay, pilots are better able to hone their flying skills, since they have the opportunity to spend the required number of hours in the air.

2015

In August, the Air Force of the Russian Federation was introduced into the VKS (military space forces) under the leadership of the commander-in-chief, Colonel-General Bondarev. Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force and Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces - Lieutenant General Yudin. The Russian Air Force is represented by long-range, military transport and army aviation, as well as radio engineering, anti-aircraft and missile forces. Intelligence activities, defense against weapons of mass destruction, rescue operations and electronic warfare are carried out special forces, which are also part of the Russian Air Force. In addition to the Air Force, engineering and logistics services, medical and meteorological units are attached.

Tasks of the Russian Air Force

The new Russian Air Force performs the following:

• Repel attacks of aggressors from air and space.
• Provide air cover for strategically important facilities and cities.
• Engaged in intelligence activities.
• Destroy enemy troops. Both conventional and nuclear weapons can be used for this purpose.
• Air support for ground forces.

On the military equipment of Russian aviation

Below are some of the most efficient aircraft of the Russian Air Force. Far and strategic aviation has:

• Aviation unit Tu-160, which is also called the "White Swan". The model was created in Soviet time. The aircraft is capable of overcoming enemy air defense systems and inflicting nuclear strikes. In Russia, 16 such vehicles are in service.
• Aircraft Tu-95 "Bear" in the amount of 30 units. The model was designed back in Stalin's times, but is still in service today.
• Strategic missile carriers Tu-22M. Produced since 1960. Russia has 50 vehicles. Another 100 are in conservation.

Among the fighters, the following models should be distinguished:

• Su-27. It is a Soviet front-line fighter. On the basis of the machine, many modifications were created. There are 360 ​​such aircraft in Russia.

• Su-30. Modified version of the previous fighter. The Air Force has 80 units.
• Su-35. Very maneuverable aircraft of the 4th generation. In service with the Russian Air Force since 2014. The number of machines is 48 pcs.
• MiG-27. Fighter 4th generation. Number of 225 cars.
• Su-34. It is the latest Russian aircraft model. The Air Force has 75 fighters.

The functions of attack aircraft and interceptors are performed by:

• Su-24. Is an exact copy American F-111, which, unlike the Soviet version, has long been decommissioned. Nevertheless, the Su-24 is also subject to decommissioning. This is planned to be done in 2020.
• Su-25 "Rook". Created in the 70s. The Russian Air Force is armed with 200 aircraft, another 100 are mothballed.
• MiG-31. Russia has these interceptors in the amount of 140 units.

Military transport aviation is represented by:

• An-26 and An-72. They are light transport aircraft.
• An-140 and An-148. The machines are characterized by an average load capacity.
• An-22, An-124 and Il-86. They represent heavy aircraft.

AT Russian Air Force service is carried by at least 300 transport aircraft.

Flight training is carried out on the following models:

• Yak-130.
• L-39.
• Tu-134 UBL.

Army aviation includes:

• Mil and Kamov helicopters. After the production of the Ka-50 was discontinued, the army aviation fleet was replenished with Ka-52 and Mi-28 helicopters, 100 vehicles each. In addition, the Air Force has Mi-8 (570) and Mi-24 (620 helicopters) helicopters.
• As unmanned aerial vehicles in the Russian air force, the Pchela-1T and Reis-D UAVs are used.

Air force style clothing for the civilian consumer

Thanks to design features flight jackets of the Russian Air Force are in great demand. Unlike other models, this item of clothing has special pockets on the sleeves. Pilots put cigarettes, pens and other small items in them. In addition, in the manufacture of side pockets, the presence of insulation is not provided, and the back of the jacket does not contain seams. This reduces the workload on the pilot. The cost of products depends on the method of tailoring and the materials used. The price of fur products is 9400 rubles. "Shevretka" will cost the buyer within 16 thousand. For a leather jacket of the Russian Air Force, you will have to pay from 7 to 15 thousand rubles.

The latest best military aircraft of the Air Force of Russia and the world photos, pictures, videos about the value of a fighter aircraft as a combat weapon capable of providing "air supremacy" was recognized by the military circles of all states by the spring of 1916. This required the creation of a special combat aircraft that surpasses all others in terms of speed, maneuverability, altitude and the use of offensive small arms. In November 1915, Nieuport II Webe biplanes arrived at the front. This is the first aircraft built in France, which was intended for air combat.

The most modern domestic military aircraft in Russia and the world owe their appearance to the popularization and development of aviation in Russia, which was facilitated by the flights of Russian pilots M. Efimov, N. Popov, G. Alekhnovich, A. Shiukov, B. Rossiysky, S. Utochkin. The first began to appear domestic cars designers J. Gakkel, I. Sikorsky, D. Grigorovich, V. Slesarev, I. Steglau. In 1913, the heavy aircraft "Russian Knight" made its first flight. But one cannot fail to recall the first aircraft creator in the world - Captain 1st Rank Alexander Fedorovich Mozhaisky.

Soviet military aircraft of the USSR of the Great Patriotic War sought to hit the enemy troops, his communications and other objects in the rear with air strikes, which led to the creation of bomber aircraft capable of carrying a large bomb load over considerable distances. The variety of combat missions for bombing enemy forces in the tactical and operational depth of the fronts led to the understanding of the fact that their performance should be commensurate with the tactical and technical capabilities of a particular aircraft. Therefore, the design teams had to resolve the issue of specialization of bomber aircraft, which led to the emergence of several classes of these machines.

Types and classification, latest models military aircraft of Russia and the world. It was obvious that it would take time to create a specialized fighter aircraft, so the first step in this direction was to try to equip existing aircraft with small arms offensive weapons. Mobile machine-gun mounts, which began to equip the aircraft, required excessive efforts from the pilots, since the control of the machine in a maneuverable battle and the simultaneous firing of an unstable weapon reduced the effectiveness of firing. The use of a two-seat aircraft as a fighter, where one of the crew members acted as a gunner, also created certain problems, because the increase in weight and drag machine led to a decrease in its flight qualities.

What are the planes. In our years, aviation has made a big qualitative leap, expressed in a significant increase in flight speed. This was facilitated by progress in the field of aerodynamics, the creation of new more powerful engines, structural materials, and electronic equipment. computerization of calculation methods, etc. Supersonic speeds have become the main modes of fighter flight. However, the race for speed had its negative sides- takeoff and landing characteristics and aircraft maneuverability have sharply deteriorated. During these years, the level of aircraft construction reached such a level that it was possible to start creating aircraft with a variable sweep wing.

In order to further increase the flight speeds of jet fighters exceeding the speed of sound, Russian combat aircraft required an increase in their power-to-weight ratio, an increase in the specific characteristics of turbojet engines, and also an improvement in the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft. For this purpose, engines with an axial compressor were developed, which had smaller frontal dimensions, higher efficiency and better weight characteristics. For a significant increase in thrust, and hence the flight speed, afterburners were introduced into the engine design. The improvement of the aerodynamic forms of the aircraft consisted in the use of wings and empennage with large sweep angles (in the transition to thin delta wings), as well as supersonic air intakes.

The air force is an integral part of the army of any state, allowing you to maintain dominance in the sky zone. Service in the Air Force on conscription is the dream of many young people. What needs to be done to get into these troops? How can service in this direction affect later life. In order to answer these questions, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the service in the Air Force and what is taught there.

What gives time in the army

Is military service necessary, what does it give? A note that there is military service in the resume when applying for a job must be indicated. In some cases this is an important requirement.

Service in marines, Air Force or border troops differ in direction and requirements for soldiers. For example, Marines must be with good health and fast response. The most numerous branch of the Russian Armed Forces are ground troops. Therefore, often a conscript is taken as an infantryman. In any case, the service for a man becomes a test not only of his physical training but also moral stability.

Russian Air Force

Which is better: service in the army as a driver, in the Marine Corps or the Air Force? For many young people, this is the last option. The prestige of service in the Air Force is due to the fact that since August 1, 2015 they have been a division of the Aerospace Forces of our country.

The Air Force of the Russian Federation includes aircraft of various directions:

• far part;
• military transport structure;
• operational-tactical;
• army.

Increasingly, an archpriest (Orthodox priest) is becoming an obligatory participant in aviation events. Father blesses flights and the opening of new airfields. After all, the activities of the air force are associated with high risk. Faith in success and a positive emotional attitude is of great importance.

Features of the conscription service

The functioning of the Air Force is not only the piloting of celestial machines, they are managed by a small group of people who have undergone professional training. Representatives become pilots officers who graduated from the military educational institution and received the corresponding certificate.

Find out: What the charter of the garrison and guard service of the RF Armed Forces looks like

The operation of machines is impossible without appropriate maintenance (financial and technical), security, supply, interaction and control on the ground, and the activities of IES employees. Some of these functions are assigned to conscript soldiers. Their responsibilities include:

• ensuring actions of a material and technical nature, characterized by the absence of difficulties;
• protection of objects;
• engineering support;
• search and rescue activities.

Service locations include: air base and the area for the deployment of aviation equipment, troops of radio engineering or special direction, which are part of the air force.

Specificity of activities under the contract

Attracting to the service in the Air Force under a contract on the territory of our country began in the 80s. This phenomenon is due to the need to bear a high share of responsibility that characterizes service in this direction. Any mistake during the execution of engineering operations creates a danger to health and life. a large number of people.

The airport is an object strategic purpose. Some of them are for storage nuclear weapons. Therefore, the leadership is trying to limit the number of newcomers, and entrust the implementation of complex logistical, reconnaissance and security measures to professionals.

Many are interested in the question of how much a soldier serving under a contract receives. The salary can reach 40 thousand, it depends on the rank and experience of the service. In addition to material payment, contract service allows you to receive social benefits, such as free travel, housing, and food.

What should a conscript do?

There are two ways to get into the air force: upon reaching military age or under a contract. In the first case, when completing a questionnaire at the military committee, it is necessary to indicate on the questionnaire forms about the desire to serve in these troops (in the questionnaire this is the column “Where do you want to serve”). It is important to be fit for health reasons, both physical and mental.

The functions of the soldiers include providing economic, security and other simple actions. About management aircraft speech is not.

In the presence of strong desire to serve in the Air Force of the country, you can apply to the head responsible for conducting the draft board (the template can be found in the military registration and enlistment office). Regardless of this, no one gives a 100% guarantee of enrollment in these troops. In order to become a contract soldier, you must appear at the military commissariat and meet the requirements (age limits, no criminal record, fitness for health reasons, complete secondary education). Under the contract, you can get after serving in the army.

Find out: How to refuse military service and go to work in the theater

Service in the Air Force will become available if you enroll in a higher educational institution that trains pilots. An appropriate application is submitted to the military commissariat. The sample must be taken in advance. The deadline for submission is April 20.