A message on the topic of natural geographical location. Natural and ecological conditions of the territory

Geographical position geographical position

the position of any point or other object on earth's surface in relation to other territories or objects; relative to the Earth's surface, the geographical position is determined using coordinates. Distinguish geographic location in relation to natural objects and to economic-geographical objects. Geographical position in economic geography is a historical category.

GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION

GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION, the position of any point or other object on the earth's surface in relation to other territories or objects; relative to the Earth's surface, the geographical position is determined using coordinates. Distinguish geographical location in relation to natural objects and to economic-geographical objects. Geographic location in economic geography (cm. ECONOMICAL GEOGRAPHY)- Historical category.

encyclopedic Dictionary . 2009 .

See what "geographical position" is in other dictionaries:

The position of any point or other object on the earth's surface in relation to other territories or objects; relative to the Earth's surface, the geographical position is determined using coordinates. Distinguish geographic location by ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

geographical position- Characteristics of the location of an object on the earth's surface relative to other geographical objects and countries of the world ... Geography Dictionary

The position of a geographic object on the surface of the Earth within a given coordinate system and in relation to any outside data that has a direct or indirect effect on this object. With a specific study ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

The position of any point or area of the earth's surface in relation to territories or objects located outside this point or area. G. p. in mathematical geography refers to the latitude and longitude of given points or areas, in ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Position to. l. point or other object on the earth's surface in relation to other territories. or objects; relative to the earth's surface, the geographic distance is determined by means of coordinates. Distinguish G. of the item in relation to natural objects and to ekon. geographic… … Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

- ... Wikipedia

- (EGP) is the ratio of an object of a city, district, country to objects lying outside it, having one or another economic importance, it doesn't matter whether these objects are of a natural order or created in the process of history (according to N.N. Baransky). In other words, ... ... Wikipedia

The position of a region or country relative to other objects of economic importance to it. E. g. p. category is historical, may change in connection with the construction of the railway. or power plants, the beginning of the development of a useful deposit ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

The position of a deposit, enterprise, city, district, country or other economic and geographical object in relation to other economic and geographical objects of economic importance to it. EGP assessment of an object depends on its position... Financial vocabulary

Books

Essays on the history of geographical discoveries, Magidovich I.
Geographic location and territorial structures. In memory of I. M. Maergoiz,. The collection is dedicated to the memory of the outstanding Soviet economic geographer Isaac Moiseevich Maergoiz. The collection received its name - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND TERRITORIAL STRUCTURES - from two ...

Geographical position

Turkey is located in the Eastern Hemisphere, between 25o 40/ and 44o 48/E. 35o 51/ and 42o 06/ N Its area (including internal ledges) is 779452 sq. km. The main part of the territory of Turkey - 97% - is located in Asia and only 3% - in Europe. geographical feature Turkey is located at the crossroads of important routes that since ancient times have connected Europe with Asia, the Black Sea countries and peoples with the Mediterranean. Nowadays, highways and railway lines run through the territory of Turkey, connecting Europe with many Asian countries. The maximum length of Turkish territory from west to east is 1600 km, from north to south 600 km. Those. on three sides, it is washed by the seas: in the north by the Black Sea, in the west by the Aegean, in the south by the Mediterranean. The European and Asian parts of Turkey are separated from each other by a water system that forms a maritime passage from the Black Sea to the Aegean and includes the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles. In the southern part of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn of the Marmara Sea, one of the most beautiful cities in the world and the most Big city Turkey - Istanbul.

Natural and ecological conditions of the territory

Turkey - Mountain country. The average height of its territory above sea level is 1132 m. Almost the entire territory of Asian Turkey is occupied by the Asia Minor Highlands, which includes high mountain ranges dissected by specific units and crowned with powerful peaks, vast dry highlands and plateaus. There are few low-lying plains in the country; they are located on separate sections of the sea coasts, as a rule, at the mouths of rivers.

MINERALS

There are more than 100 types of minerals in Turkey. The country has many types of ore, mining, chemical, fuel and energy raw materials. First of all, it should be called - chromium, tungsten, copper ores, borates, marble, coal, etc. Turkey accounts for 25% of the world's mercury reserves. Turkey has huge fuel and energy resources - oil, uranium, brown coal, coal. On the territory of Turkey there are such rocks as: asbestos, marble, borates, sulfur.

The territory of Turkey is located within the Mediterranean subtropical climate zone. However, the mountainous, strongly dissected relief, very difficult conditions for air circulation, the presence of climatic zonation - all this determined a wide variety of climatic regions. In the interior highlands the climate is continental. Precipitation prevails in the steppe up to 500 mm per year.

RIVER SYSTEM AND LAKES

The territory of Turkey, with the exception of the Canian Plain, is covered with a dense network of rivers. But all rivers have a mountainous character, abound in waterfalls, rapids and therefore are not navigable. The high speed of the current makes them almost non-freezing, even in high mountainous areas. Main rivers: Euphrates (2800 km), Tigris (1900 km), Kyzyl-Irmak (1355 km), Sakarya (824 km).

About 9.2 thousand square meters. km. The areas of Turkey are occupied by lakes: crater, karst, lagoon, tectonic, dam-volcanic. The largest Van (3713 sq. km.) - salty, drainless, Tuz (1500 sq. km.) - salty.

VEGETATION AND ANIMAL WORLD

The flora of Turkey, which includes about 6,700 plant species, is rich and varied. There are two major vegetation zones- seaside and inland. The coastal part of the coastal zone is mainly a cultural zone, i.e. arable land, orchards, orchards. Behind it is an area of forests and shrubs.

The fauna of Turkey is characterized by an abundance of desert-steppe and mountain views. Red deer, fallow deer, roe deer, wild boar, leopard, bear, and badger are found in mountain forests. The treeless mountains are characterized by the bezoar goat and the mouflon. The steppe lynx and jackals live on the plateaus. Such widespread animal species as the wolf, fox, hare, in Asia Minor have local subspecies. There are many steppe rodents and reptiles.

The bird world is very diverse. Of the large birds of prey, eagles, vultures, sarash, kites, hawks are found. There are white alets. Thrushes, woodpeckers, cuckoos, larks, tits, salt swallows. Cranes, herons, geese, ducks, lapwings, gulls.

The ichthyofauna is represented by the most various types fish living in the marine basins of Turkey. These are mainly mullet, mackerel, herring, sturgeon, etc.

The natural and economic region of Central Russia is called so not by location, but by historical reasons. The Russian centralized state was born here and the capital of Russia - Moscow is located.

Typical plan for the characterization of the area

The composition of the region.
Physical and economic-geographical position of the region.
Features of nature and natural resources of the region.
The history of the development of the territory and the formation of the economic complex.
Population and labor resources.
Economy.
Territorial structure of settlement and economy.
Main problems and prospects.

Square Central Russia is more than 900 thousand km² or 5% of the territory of Russia.

The region includes three large subdistricts: Central, Central Chernozemny, Volga-Vyatsky.
These are 19 regions (Bryansk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kostroma, Moscow, Orel, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tver, Tula, Yaroslavl, as well as Kirov and Nizhny Novgorod, Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Tambov), 3 republics (Mari El , Mordovia and Chuvash Republic) and the city of Moscow.

Economic and geographical position- this is the position of an object in relation to other objects of economic importance.

1. First of all, consider the position of the region on the territory of the state. For this we use administrative card Russia. The map shows that Central Russia is located in the west of the country and occupies a border position. Its western borders run along state border Russia.

2. The economic environment of the region consists of: Ukraine and the Republic of Belarus, with which Central Russia borders in the west. In the northwest, northeast and south, the neighbors of Central Russia are other economic regions. In the north and north-west there are the Northern and North-Western natural and economic regions, in the east the Volga and Ural regions, in the south the North Caucasus region.

3. Central Russia is well located in relation to large fuel and energy and resource bases countries. Within the territory of northern region there are large reserves of coal, oil, gas, iron ores, non-ferrous metal ores and apatites. In the Volga region there are large reserves of oil, in the Urals, ferrous and non-ferrous metal ores, salt, natural gas, North Caucasus region has reserves of tungsten-molybdenum and lead-zinc ores. The sedimentary rocks of the Ciscaucasian trough contain oil and gas deposits.

4. Central Russia also has a convenient transport and geographical position, that is, a position on transport routes connecting the territory with the main sources of raw materials, energy, food, and markets. The region is located at the intersection of major transport routes. These are oil pipelines, gas pipelines, iron and car roads. From north to south, the Volga River is the main waterway of Russia (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Single waterway

The only drawback is the lack of access to the sea.

5. EGP of the territory changes in time. This is mainly due to the economic changes that are taking place in neighboring territories. EGP may improve or worsen over time.

Having considered the EGP of Central Russia, we will conclude. EGP of the region is beneficial and contributes to economic development district, since the region occupies a central position, the capital of Russia is located on its territory, it has good transport accessibility, the territories adjacent to the region have large reserves natural resources.

Central Russia is located in the center of the East European Plain, so the flat relief prevails here. The lowlands alternate with the highlands.

The climate is temperate, temperate continental with relatively mild winters and warm summer. The amount of precipitation is from 400 to 600 mm, the average temperatures in January are -10 ° ... -12 °, in July - + 17 ° ... + 18 °.

Very cold winters are typical only for the Volga-Vyatka region (Fig. 2), droughts often occur in the southeast of the region, and the northeastern part of the region is waterlogged and waterlogged.

Rice. 2. Winter

The richest soils, chernozem (Fig. 3), are located in the Central Chernozem region, but soddy-podzolic soils predominate in most of the region, gray forest soils are often found. These types of soils have a fairly high fertility and, in combination with the climate, create conditions for the development of agriculture.

Rice. 3. Chernozem soils

Most of the region is in the zone mixed forests, grow in the south broadleaf forests and forest-steppes extend, and in the northeast lies taiga.

But security forest resources, especially on a per capita basis, is low.

Central Russia is not rich in minerals. northeastern part is part of the Volga-Ural oil and gas basin, but production volumes here are insignificant. The main resources of the region are concentrated in the Central Black Earth region: reserves iron ore KMA (60% of Russia's iron ore) and very large deposits of limestone and raw materials for cement production. On the territory of the region there are deposits of brown coal, peat, phosphorites, mineral building raw materials. But most of the raw materials needed by the region are imported from other states and regions of the country.

Diverse, but not yet fully mastered recreational resources region.

The main types of recreational activities in the region include:

Excursions and tourism
Spa treatment
Organization of recreation places for the population

In Central Russia there are 12 state nature reserves, 2 biosphere reserve(Central Black Earth and Voronezh), 9 national parks. Here conditions are created for the preservation of natural landscapes (Fig. 4).

Rice. four. Voronezh Reserve: desman

long history Russian state captured in numerous cultural and historical monuments. A number of cultural and historical sites are included in the list of world natural and cultural heritage sites: Red Square and the Moscow Kremlin, monuments of the Vladimir-Suzdal land (Fig. 5). Many cities combine historical, cultural and natural landscape attractions.

Rice. 5. Suzdal

Bibliography

Main

Customs E.A. Geography of Russia: economy and regions: Grade 9, textbook for students of educational institutions. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2011.
Fromberg A.E. Economic and social geography. - 2011, 416 p.
Atlas of economic geography, grade 9. - Bustard, 2012.
Geography. Whole course school curriculum in diagrams and tables. - 2007, 127 p.
Geography. Student's handbook. Comp. Mayorova T.A. - 1996, 576 p.
Crib on economic geography. Schoolchildren, applicants. - 2003, 96 p.

Additional

Gladky Yu.N., Dobroskok V.A., Semenov S.P. Economical geography Russia: Textbook - M.: Gardariki, 2000 - 752 p.: ill.
Rodionova I.A., Tutorial by geography. Economic geography of Russia. - M.: Moscow Lyceum, 2001. - 189 p.
Smetanin S.I., Konotopov M.V. History of ferrous metallurgy in Russia. - M.: "Paleotype", 2002.
Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., cart.: tsv. incl.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

Geography of Russia. Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ch. ed. A.P. Gorkin. - M.: Bol. Ros. ents., 1998. - 800 p.: ill., maps.
Russian statistical yearbook. 2011: Stat.sb./Goskomstat of Russia. - M., 2002. - 690 p.
Russia in numbers. 2011: Brief Statistical Collection/Goskomstat of Russia. - M., 2003. - 398 p.

Literature for preparing for the GIA and the Unified State Examination

GIA-2013. Geography: typical examination options: 10 options / Ed. EM. Ambartsumova. - M .: " national education", 2012. - (GIA-2013. FIPI - school)
GIA-2013. Geography: thematic and typical examination options: 25 options / Ed. EM. Ambartsumova. - M.: "National education", 2012. - (GIA-2013. FIPI - school)
GIA-2013. Exam in new form. Geography. Grade 9 / FIPI authors-compilers: E.M. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukov. - M.: Astrel, 2012.
Excellent student of the exam. Geography. Solving complex problems / FIPI authors-compilers: Ambartsumova E.M., Dyukova S.E., Pyatunin V.B. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2012.

Electronic educational resources

Educational multimedia manual 1 C Educational collection Geography of Russia. Economy and regions Grade 9
Educational multimedia manual “Geography Lessons of Cyril and Methodius. 8th and 9th grade"

Russian geographical society ().
wildlife Russia. Caucasus ().
Wild nature of Russia. Ural().
Wild nature of Russia. Primordial valleys ().

I. Epishin In the upper reaches of the Volga (N4/2012)
E. Chervyakova In the Volga Delta (N3/2011)

The ancient Greeks used the word "Mesopotamia" (Mesopotamia) to designate the lands that lay between the Tigris and the Euphrates. In fact, however, the Tigris and Euphrates are not the boundaries of this region in the exact sense of the word, but rather the main landmarks towards which its real boundaries gravitate. Using the name "Mesopotamia", the ancient authors wanted to emphasize that the vast majority of this territory lies between two rivers. Mesopotamia is a flat plain in the Tigris and Euphrates basin, stretching northwest of Persian Gulf to the Upper Euphrates and the mountains of Eastern Anatolia. Now the territory of Mesopotamia is mainly part of Iraq. This entire vast region was divided into Lower and Upper Mesopotamia.

In Upper (Northern) Mesopotamia, the Tigris and Euphrates are far apart. Lower (Southern) Mesopotamia lay in the lower reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates, where these rivers flowed close to each other. Now the Tiger and Ev-

frat at the confluence with the Persian Gulf merge into

a single river Shatt al-Arab; in ancient times they had separate mouths. The Euphrates within Lower Mesopotamia was divided into several branches; their valleys were completely inhabited.

In ancient times, Lower Mesopotamia was called Sumer and, in turn, was divided into southern and northern parts. The south of Lower Mesopotamia was called Primorye, or Sumer in the narrow sense of the word, and the north was originally called Ki-Uri, and later Akkad (after the city of Akkad, the capital of Mesopotamia at the end of the 3rd millennium BC). Hence the name of Lower Mesopotamia as a whole, fixed from the end of the 3rd millennium BC. e., - "Sumer and Akkad". Even later, Lower Mesopotamia was called Babylonia, after its new main center - Babylon.

By the middle of the 1st millennium BC. e. Lower Mesopotamia became known as Babylonia, and Upper Mesopotamia became Assyria. Both of these names were also used by Greek scholars, but at the same time they often called Assyria the lands lying west of the Euphrates to the Mediterranean Sea. Within the territory of this "expanded" Assyria, geographers had to distinguish between the part lying west of the Euphrates and the part lying east of it. The Greek geographers began to call the first of these parts Syria (a reduced version of the name Assyria), and the second - Mesopotamia.

Thus, the original name of Mesopot-

The mission applied only to Upper Mesopotamia. In addition, in the Hebrew language there was the name Naharaim, literally - "The country of two rivers" (the Russian synonym is Mesopotamia). So the ancient Jews called Upper Mesopotamia. The Greek "Mesopotamia" (Mesopotamia) corresponded to the biblical "Naharaim" (Mesopotamia). Finally, at the beginning of our era, Roman geographers extended the name Mesopotamia to Babylonia (Lower Mesopotamia). This is how the modern geographical concept of "Mesopotamia" arose.

The ambiguity of the name Mesopotamia and its analogues sometimes affects to this day. For example, where the name Naharaim is found in the Bible, it is translated into European languages as Mesopotamia, although in the Bible only Upper Mesopotamia is called Naharaim, and the name Mesopotamia in modern European languages means both Upper Mesopotamia and Lower Mesopotamia. Likewise modern Russian name Mesopotamia, being a tracing-paper from the Hebrew "Na-haraim", also refers to all of Mesopotamia, and not just to Upper.

Scientists of the 19th–20th centuries it was believed that the Persian Gulf in ancient times went into the coastline much further north than it is now. This point of view reflects most of the maps and atlases of the Ancient East. Valid-

but, the Sumerian Ur and Eredu, now far removed from

seas, in ancient times were port cities in which ships were unloaded. However, geologists have found that in fact the boundaries of the bay itself since ancient times

and to this day, they practically did not change, and only the mouth of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was very wide and passed in such a way that ships from the Persian Gulf could easily rise to the river piers in Ur and Ered. In addition, a depression located near Eredu, apparently, in ancient times it was a lake, connected with the old channel of the Euphrates by a system of canals. The same channel could approach Ur.

The area freely connected with the Persian Gulf

The swampy estuaries of the Tigris and Euphrates and the lagoons connected to them were called in ancient times the “Bitter Sea”. Now, after aridization and uplift of the soil caused by the silting of both rivers, this area is the Shatt al-Arab valley.

Geographically, Mesopotamia is a wide, shallow depression bounded by the Arabian Plateau, the Syrian highlands, and the Armenian Taurus and Zagros mountain ranges. The main centers of civilization development were located in Lower Mesopotamia, which was the most favorable part of the entire Fertile Crescent for agriculture, but poor mineral resources and wood. In addition, large-scale irrigation, which the Mesopotamians

tsy sought to develop as far as possible and without

In the beginning, agriculture here was initially impossible, leading to rapid salinization of soils and a drop in productivity. In the end, salinization of the soil and the aridization of the climate led to the desolation of southern Mesopotamia and its largest center, Babylon.

Ancient Mesopotamia

The territory of Upper Mesopotamia was a hilly steppe, in some places turning into low mountains. Assyria was located in the east of Upper Mesopotamia (this name was used by Greek authors and is accepted in science to designate

area centered at ancient city Ashur on

Middle Tigris).

One of the main features of the geopolitical map of Mesopotamia is its two permanent "fronts": in the north - northeast - east of it (where the lowland inhabitants of Mesopotamia interacted with the highlanders - almost always hostilely) and on the border with the Arabian Plateau (from where a wave of nomads invaded in a wave).

The extreme poverty of Mesopotamia in mineral resources, including metals, and wood from an early time stimulated the development of foreign trade and military expansion. The Mesopotamians exported textiles, grain and handicrafts, and they themselves sent trade and military expeditions for timber, metals and slaves.

The need to compensate for the lack of natural resources forced the Mesopotamian rulers to receive appropriate raw materials and products in the form of tribute from the mountainous periphery in the north and east, and also to establish control over the main trade routes leading to the west, to mediterranean sea. From the middle of the III millennium BC. e. and until the end of the existence of independent Mesopotamian statehood, the rulers of Mesopotamia systematically carried out military campaigns with these goals to the Mediterranean Sea and to the mountainous regions of Western Iran.

Introduction………………..………………………………………………………....3-4

Chapter 1. Socio-economic situation in the Megino-Kangalassky district

1.1. Natural and geographical position and population of the region………..…..5-8

1.2. Cultural and historical features of the area…………………………8-10

Chapter 2 Economic characteristic and modern tendencies development of tourism in Megino-Kangalassky district……………………………………………………………………….……11

2.1. Zoning and SWOT-analysis of the Megino-Kangalassky district of the district……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Conclusion………………………………………………………...…………20-21

Bibliography……………………………………………………...…………21-23

Introduction

AT modern world tourism is one of the most interesting forms of leisure, playing an important role in expanding and enriching the spiritual culture and human erudition. Besides, this species recreation is an important highly profitable sector of the world economy, which for many countries is a priority source of income.

In the context of growing globalization, the development of tourism is of priority interest and great prospects for Yakutia. Currently, systematic work is not being carried out to develop rural tourism.

Purpose of the study- tourist zoning of the Megino-Kangalassky district to develop recommendations for optimizing the functioning of the main types of tourism activities.

To achieve this goal, the following tasks:

1. Consider the scientific and theoretical foundations of tourism;

2. Describe the Megino-Kangalassky ulus;

3. To study the socio-economic situation of the Megino-Kangalassky district;

4. Conduct zoning and SWOT analysis of the Megino-Kangalassky district;

Object of study: Tourism in the Megino-Kangalas region.

Subject of study: Development of tourism in the Megino-Kangalas region.

In order to study the recreational potential of the Megino-Kangalassky district, this study used such methods as:

Quantitative and qualitative methods of material collection

Zoning

· SWOT-analysis

At the end of the work done, we will offer recommendations for the development of tourism in the Megino-Kangalassky district.

Chapter 1. Socio-economic situation in the Megino-Kangalassky district

Natural and geographical position and population of the region

Megino-Kangalassky ulus is located in Central Yakutia. The main part of the territory is occupied by the Central Yakut Plain, in the south the Prilenskoye Plateau. The relief is flat. The modern valley of the Lena River within the ulus is represented by a narrow strip dividing the territory into two terraces and a floodplain. Most the ulus occupies the subdistrict of the alas. Typical taiga-alas landscapes are typical here.

The area is 11.7 thousand km². It borders in the north with Ust-Aldansky ulus, in the northeast - with Churapchinsky, in the southeast - with Amginsky, in the southwest - with Khangalassky, in the west - with the urban district of Yakutsk. This is the smallest ulus in the Republic of Sakha. Its area is more than 27 times smaller than the largest ulus in the republic - Olenyok ulus, but at the same time, the area of the ulus is comparable to the area of Israel.

Megino-Kangalassky ulus, being one of the small regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in terms of territory (11.7 thousand km2), nevertheless, in terms of population it is a relatively large ulus and ranks 5th in the republic out of 34 regions (see appendix 1). It accounts for 3.3% of the population of Yakutia. Average age population is 30.1 years.

The ulus is located on the Central Yakut lowland; southern part- on the Prilensky plateau. The western border of the ulus runs along the branches of the Lena River. On the territory of the ulus there are 3 plains: Mayinskaya, Neryuktyai, Tyungyulyunskaya. There are many lakes on the territory of the ulus - Tyungyulyu, Balyktakh. Also Abalakh, a lake with therapeutic mud. Basic waterway, which is of great economic importance, is the Lena River, which washes the northwestern and western borders. From east to west, the territory of the ulus is crossed by the tributaries of the Lena: Suola, Myla, Tamma. Ulus lakes are also of great economic importance, being almost the only source of drinking water.

The administrative center is the village of Nizhny Bestyakh

natural conditions. The taiga type predominates with dominance of light coniferous forests of Cajander larch, in some places pine. Middle taiga forests are characterized by greater density and high productivity (timber reserves are 4-5 times higher). Larch forests predominate. On dry soils, larch forests grow lingonberry forb, forb limnas, lingonberry green moss, and on wet soils- lingonberry-blueberry-ledum green moss and sphagnum. pine forests grow on drier soils of light mechanical composition with a predominance of taloknyanka, lichen, shrub green moss types. On richer and more humid soils, bands of lingonberry-green-moss spruce forests grow.

From herbaceous plants Kuvaev's dandelion, smoothed iris, spring adonis, large-flowered larkspur, Daurian speedwell, spotted slipper, Fuchs's digitorum, single-tuber brook, Yakutian thermopsis, in some places - Pennsylvania lily, tetrahedral water lily, coral-like hericium (mushroom) grow everywhere.

Berry plants grow everywhere - lingonberries, red and black currants, strawberries, blueberries, bearberry, in some places - raspberries, blackberries.

Animal world on the territory of the Megino-Kangalassky ulus is quite diverse. The theriofauna of the Megino-Kangalassky ulus includes 32 species of mammals, 149 species of birds were found in the avifauna, of which 116 are nesting (including 23 sedentary) and 33 occur on migration. Of the birds listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), there are the American goose, lesser white-fronted goose, goose, whooper swan, lesser swan and kloktun.

Specially protected natural areas. Establishment and operation of specially protected natural areas(SPNA) in Russia is regulated federal law"On Specially Protected Natural Territories" (1995). According to the law, "specially protected natural territories are plots of land, water surface and air space above them, where natural complexes and objects that have special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health significance, which are withdrawn by decisions of state authorities in whole or in part from economic use and for which a regime of special protection has been established. Specially protected natural territories are objects of national heritage.

At present, 6 natural parks and 78 resource reserves of republican significance have been created in Yakutia.

Of these, in the Megino-Kangalassky ulus, specially protected natural areas of republican significance (Ytyk kere sirder) include:

1. resource reserve (Ereei Sirder) "Tamma"

2. protected landscapes (Uluu tyuelbeler) "Abalakh"

3. unique lake "Abalakh"

4. unique lake "Tungyulyu"

5. Monument of nature (Aiyl5a menelere) "Eryuyu"

6. Monument of nature (Aiyl5a menelere) "Muostakh taryn"

7. Monument of nature (Aiyl5a menelere) "Sullar"

Thus, on the territory of the Megino-Kangalassky district there is great amount specially protected natural areas, beautiful landscapes, which in the future may become the basis for the development of new tourist routes.