I am for the purity of the Russian language message. Research project "Purity of Russian speech"

Would you be surprised if you knew that there is a certain type of physical activity that not only tightens the body and improves blood circulation, but is also available at any age? Forget running shoes for your morning run, it's time to swim!

AT recent times morning and evening runs began to gain immense popularity. Unfortunately, running, thereby displacing some types of physical activity, is also effective for maintaining a figure in good shape.

One of these sports is swimming, because during it the load is evenly distributed between all muscle groups, stimulating their contraction and increasing their strength.

Moreover, you will not feel overtired from swimming, because in the water there is a feeling of weightlessness.

Swimming can be practiced at any age. This sport is also suitable for people with weak muscles and brittle bones.

5 ways to improve your health with swimming

Ready to learn more about beneficial effect swimming on the human body?

Swimming improves circulation

Since not only the muscles of the arms, but also the muscles of the legs and the press are activated during swimming, it is this sport that improves blood circulation.

Moreover, during swimming, the load is distributed to those parts of the body that we usually forget about in the gym, namely the shins, wrists, as well as the toes and hands.

As for the feet, swimming is also very helpful for them, because most people have problems with blood circulation in these places.

In addition, while swimming, you are in a horizontal position, so you will not only activate all muscle groups, but also stimulate blood flow to all organs.

Swimming keeps you fit

First of all, when you swim, you stimulate the cardiovascular system, and this is very important for burning fat.

But that's not all. When you make an effort to overcome the current, you thus tighten all the muscles of the body.

• If you want to achieve an even greater effect from swimming, use a special wave board. So you can develop the muscles of those parts of the body that are less involved during the simple winding of circles in the pool.
• We also recommend that you alternate between low-intensity swimming and high speed. So you will not only stimulate the work of the heart and speed up the heartbeat, but also speed up the process of burning fat.

Swimming reduces stress

Swimming improves the mental health of a person, because this sport requires a person to be extremely focused on the process.

Like any physical activity, swimming stimulates the production of serotonin (pleasure hormone) and neutralizes the action of cortisol (stress hormone).

Unlike running, swimming forces a person to always stay focused on the process, and this is very important for those who usually get lost in their thoughts and lose concentration.

When you are in the water, there is no one else but you and your body. The outside world ceases to exist for a while, and you find yourself in a completely different reality.

Swimming relieves muscle tension

This property of swimming lessons directly depends on their ability to relieve stress, which we have already mentioned. Muscle strain and pain appear when the body is too tired and cannot properly perform all its functions.

That is why exercises that can be performed in water can not only relieve stress, but also restore muscles and relax them.

Believe it or not, some people in stressful situation feel pain in the back or neck.

If you are also one of those sensitive people, we advise you to immediately go swimming, and very soon you will notice positive changes in your well-being.

Swimming improves self-esteem

Imagine the moment you step out of the pool. In these seconds, you are freed from stress and pain, and every day you notice how your figure becomes more and more attractive every day. Doesn't that give you strength to move on?

Now imagine that it is eight o'clock in the morning, and you arrive at your workplace with the same feeling of satisfaction and inspiration.

With this heat, your working day will be completely different, because it will be easier for you to fulfill all your duties and establish contact with the right people. After such a successful day, you will certainly sleep peacefully.

It can be argued that swimming has the ability to improve not only the general well-being of a person, but also increase her self-esteem.

The psychological and physical optimism that will become your companions during the working day will not only go smoothly, but will also lift you up in the eyes, that is, your self-esteem will increase.

As you can see, swimming is one of the healthiest sports. We advise you to start your day with just such physical activity.

Every day you will feel better, and still have more strength to work and feel ready to face any challenges.

Be sure to try our tips in practice and share them with your friends!

Makhacheva Anai Sadykovna

Project Manager:

Magomedova Saida Abdulamidovna

Institution:

MKOU "Secondary School No. 4", Khasavyurt, Republic of Dagestan

In this research work on the Russian language "For purity Russian language!" I study Russian dictionaries and learn their types, get acquainted with the history of Russian lexicography and electronic dictionaries. I will conduct a survey and find out how much dictionaries are in demand.

In my research project in Russian "For the purity of the Russian language!" I plan to find out the meaning of the term " dictionary"and study the history of the development of vocabulary in Russia.

Introduction
Chapter I. Concept " dictionary»
1.1. The history of the emergence of dictionaries.
1.2. Basic dictionaries of the modern Russian language.
Chapter II. Dictionary types
2.1. Questionnaire about knowledge of dictionaries.
2.2. Electronic dictionaries and encyclopedias.
Chapter III. Conclusion
Bibliographic description
Application

Introduction

Do you like to read dictionaries? and How often do you contact them? I am sure that many of you will give negative answers or ask a counter question: “ And what can be interesting in dictionaries to read them?»

We recently studied the topic Vocabulary. A culture of speech". I got interested in this topic. I had to turn to dictionaries many times: explanatory, spelling. So there was problem : what dictionaries generally exist, when and how they appeared, who was the first author. Not the one educated person, who knows everything, and the one who knows where you can find the answer to the question that has arisen.

The relevance of the work obvious: in the conditions of scientific progress, new words come into use, many of which are difficult and incomprehensible. Students do not always know where and how they can get the necessary information. Turning to dictionaries opens up the wealth of human thought to students and contributes to the formation of a holistic scientific understanding of the language system.

Purpose of the study: get acquainted with the dictionaries of the Russian language, the history of Russian lexicography, types of dictionaries and electronic dictionaries.

Research objectives :

• find out the meaning of the term dictionary»;
• study the history of the appearance of dictionaries and the development of vocabulary in Russia;
• determine the types of dictionaries by purpose and functional affiliation;
• find out how modern dictionaries of the Russian language are in demand;
• learn about electronic dictionaries.

object works became dictionaries, and subject – types of dictionaries, their structure, history of appearance.

Research methods: studying and analyzing literature on the research topic, searching for information on the Internet, questioning students and summarizing the data obtained.

Hypothesis: it can be assumed that if students have an idea about the types of dictionaries and the information contained in them, then it will be easier for them to navigate in dictionaries when performing certain work.

Project goals: Find out what “pollutes” Russian speech.
Find out the cause of these factors.
Find ways to solve the problem.
Give examples of actions aimed at
purification of the Russian language.

Pollution of the Russian language

Statistics

Causes of vulgar speech:

So let's sum it up:

Voropaev Alexey

The modern Russian language is a historically established linguistic community and unites the entire set of linguistic means of the Russian people, including all Russian dialects and dialects, as well as various jargons. Supreme form The national Russian language is the Russian literary language, which has a number of features that distinguish it from other forms of language existence: processing, normalization, breadth public functioning, general obligation for all members of the team, a variety of speech styles used in various fields communication.

Download:

Preview:

Voropaev Alexey

"Purity of Russian speech"

MBOU - OOSH with. Lyubimovo

Grade 9

Zhakina Vera Viktorovna

Introduction. 3

I. Purity of speech as an indicator of human speech culture. 4 - 5

II. Violations of the purity of speech.

2 vernacular. 6 - 7

3 Barbarisms. eight

4 jargon. 9 – 11

5 Chancellery. 12

6. Research results. 13

Conclusion. fourteen

Bibliography. fifteen

Application. 16 - 25

Introduction.

The modern Russian language is a historically established linguistic community and unites the entire set of linguistic means of the Russian people, including all Russian dialects and dialects, as well as various jargons. The highest form of the national Russian language is the Russian literary language, which has a number of features that distinguish it from other forms of existence of the language: processing, normalization, breadth of social functioning, general obligation for all members of the team, a variety of speech styles used in various areas of communication.

The most important feature of modern Russian literary language is its purity, which means that the composition of the dictionary of the literary language is strictly selected from the general treasury of the national language; the meaning and use of words, pronunciation, spelling, and the formation of grammatical forms follow a generally accepted pattern.

The relevance of this topic is obvious. How often in Everyday life, from TV screens, on the radio and from the lips of our politicians and public figures we hear violations of the norms of the literary language.

To achieve these goals, I have identified the following stages of work: defining the concept of "purity of speech", analyzing the most common speech disorders, monitoring the use of vocabulary in speech that is outside the Russian literary language, people of different categories: schoolchildren, teachers, villagers.

Main part.

I. Purity of speech as an indicator of human speech culture.

Purity is the quality of speech that, if not observed, is the most noticeable to listeners. It is interesting that the “contaminated” speech of others is noticed even by those who themselves do not comply with this requirement.

The lack of purity of speech often causes irritation, since the use of certain "unclean", "dirty" means causes ethical and aesthetic "squeamishness" and rejection, and this is reflected in communicative relations - the mutual disposition of partners to each other is violated (does not arise), therefore - communication as a whole suffers.

II. Violations of the purity of speech.

All these groups of vocabulary are united by the fact that, as violators of "purity", they are usually foreign, other-style inclusions in speech. In other words, in order for them to be regarded as peculiar "spots", it is necessary that the "basic fabric" of the text be "pure", i.e. so that the basis of speech is the Russian literary language with stylistically neutral vocabulary. Otherwise - if all speech consists mainly of jargon - it will be entirely outside the boundaries of the Russian literary language. To assess the admissibility or inadmissibility of using jargon, barbarism, and other already named groups of vocabulary, it is important to determine the purpose for which they are included in speech, and already from these positions to analyze whether each of the named methods of violating the purity of speech is a mistake or not. The functions of using these groups of vocabulary are so different that linguists sometimes differ significantly in assessing their role in language and in speech. Consider the main groups of vocabulary that can clog speech.

2. Colloquial.

The main layer of the Russian literary language is the common, interstyle words. Against the background of this stylistically neutral vocabulary, vocabulary with a reduced stylistic coloring - colloquial speech - stands out sharply.

Russian colloquial vocabulary includes sharply reduced words that are outside the literary norm. These may include forms containing a positive evaluation called concepts ("hard worker", "brainy", etc.), but much more shapes, characterized by simplification, rudeness, and usually serving to express the speaker’s sharp negative assessments of the concepts being designated, for example: “stunned” (tired), “cheat” (deceive), “dreary” (unpleasant), “smudged” (dirty), “at the devil in the middle of nowhere", "no skin, no faces", etc.

A gross violation of literary norms are also colloquial grammatical forms of words, for example: "run away", "lecturer", "cake", colloquial pronunciation of commonly used words: "funds", "portfolio", "clerk", etc.

It is reasonable to evaluate the use of vernacular only on the basis of the criterion of functional justification, expediency, which is the main one for the culture of speech.

From these positions, vernacular as evidence of insufficient knowledge of the norms of the Russian literary language should probably be assessed as evidence of a low culture of speech. In this regard, people use, sometimes not realizing more "competent" options, such expressions: "I don't care", "I have no idea" instead of "I don't know", "I don't care", "discuss" instead of "discuss" , "back" in the meaning of "again", etc. Moreover, vernacular can penetrate beyond the colloquial and everyday sphere, for example, into the official business: progress, developments, live (at the address). Thus, vernacular is usually used in the speech of the poorly educated segments of the population and gives it an incorrect and rude character.

Colloquial words are arranged on an evaluation scale with the following main coordinates: bookish - colloquial - swear words. If swear words stand on the border and often beyond the border of the literary language, then colloquial words do not lose their literary status, but they are denied access to the book layer of vocabulary. This is especially evident in the fact that in vernacular there is no such fundamental feature of the literary language as functional differentiation. And therefore, when a colloquial speaker must communicate not in an ordinary, but, for example, in an official business setting, his low level knowledge of the literary language is manifested especially clearly.

If a person uses colloquial speech as stylistically marked, knowing full well about their inferiority, being able to replace them with literary synonyms, i.e. as a means of expression - in this case, not lexical, but communicative norms operate, according to which the justification or unjustification of the use of this or that language means is assessed in terms of compliance with the situation, style, level and speech tastes of the participants in communication. And only on the basis of this (if this means is expressive) is the success or failure of the use of this means evaluated.

However, with the use of vernacular, as well as reduced vocabulary in general, one must be careful, since not every interlocutor will always evaluate such inclusion in speech as appropriate and successful. After all, it can also be regarded as evidence that this reflects the general cultural level of the speaker, who is used to expressing his thoughts in this way and is not able to find a literary equivalent to vernacular; such expressions can be regarded as a signal that the speaker does not appreciate the cultural level of the listener or strives for familiarity in communication. In addition, this expression may not correspond at all to the general style of speech and the situation of communication in general.

3 Barbarisms.

If vernaculars are on the border of the Russian literary language due to their perceived inferiority, then barbarisms, at first glance, perform the exact opposite function - they "scream" about the education of the author of the speech and are sometimes used equally often both in oral and writing. However, barbarisms clog speech to no lesser extent, because they are foreign inclusions used in Russian speech unjustifiably, often under the influence of a kind of fashion.

controversy about foreign words ah, they go, probably, from the time of the awareness of the Russian language as an independent, original language. Summing up the results of these disputes, we can say that the process of borrowing words is a normal phenomenon, and in certain historical periods even inevitable. But the foreign words themselves can be divided into two groups: some are useful, denoting new concepts and previously unknown objects, others are useless, duplicating already existing native Russian names, and therefore do not enrich, but clog speech.

At the same time, the replacement of a foreign word with Russian synonyms is not always equivalent, and sometimes impossible.

At present, the invasion of imported words leads to the fact that, as experts note, the departed "French-Nizhny Novgorod jargon" is being replaced by the degrading "American-Rostov slang". At the same time, it is not the use of foreign words that inspires anxiety, but the replacement by Americanisms, for example, of the Russian traditional speech etiquette. It is now considered normal to ask a fallen person, “Are you okay? Are you okay? Are you sure?" instead of “Are you hurt? Do you need any help?" etc.

From a communicative point of view, the use of a foreign word is a matter of luck. On the one hand, it is important to assess whether it is used correctly, on the other hand, whether it is clear whether it is accessible to the addressee, whether it will lead to a violation of communicative ethical standards, because the inclusion of an unfamiliar or incomprehensible foreign word in speech can be regarded by the addressee as a means of emphasizing superiority. the author of the speech.

4. Jargon.

Jargon is a social type of speech used by a narrow circle of native speakers, united by a common interest, occupation, position in society.

In the Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary, the following characterization of jargon is given: “Jargon is a kind of speech used mainly in oral communication of a separate, relatively stable language. social group, which unites people on the basis of their profession, position in society, interests, etc.” .

Nobility, merchant jargons, jargons of various groups of artisans, which are reflected in Russian classical literature, are historically known in Russia.

In modern Russian, youth jargon, or slang (English Slang - words and expressions used by people of certain professions or age groups), professional jargons are distinguished, camp jargon is also used in places of detention.

Youth jargon.

The most widespread in our time is youth jargon, popular with students, young students, and adolescents. Jargons, as a rule, have equivalents in the national language: "dormitory" (dormitory), "spurs" (cribs), etc. The appearance of many jargons is associated with the desire of young people to express their attitude to an object, phenomenon more vividly, more emotionally. Hence such evaluative words: “awesome”, “stunned”, “neigh”, “goofy”, buzz”, etc. All of them are common only in oral speech and are often absent in dictionaries (which is the reason for the discrepancies in the spelling of some jargon).

The reasons for the persistence of youth jargon are a weakly meaningful desire to feel and preserve their own special world, different from the general, "adult", "official" world, their independence in it; striving for linguistics language game, critical, mocking, playful mood, helping to maintain optimism and resist "hostile" phenomena (parental authority, teacher edification, official etiquette, etc.); youthful bravado; imitation etc.

At the same time, the language developed by the group is assessed by it as unconditionally original in relation to the Russian literary language. Youth jargon, for example, is a means of declaring one's generation as new, innovative and, therefore, according to this logic, destroying traditions, creating something of their own in defiance of the generally accepted (a variant of nihilism).

At the same time, initially "new" words really bear the imprint of figurativeness and are expressive. The desire for expressiveness is also manifested in the fact that youth jargon, as a rule, is used when it is necessary to briefly express emotions and the nature of the action, i.e. in order to express subjective emotional evaluation.

This shows that at a certain stage of development it turns out to be more important for a person to “be like everyone else”, while the existence of emotions identical with this group becomes paramount, the shades of which are not named not only because of the poverty of the vocabulary, but in order to, denoted by a common word, they served as an additional means of uniting this group.

The attitude towards jargon among scientists is ambiguous. Academician D.S. Likhachev insisted that jargon is not only primitive speech, it also reflects primitive consciousness. Other researchers have a more tolerant attitude towards jargon. For example, L.P. Krysin notes, first of all, positive sides this variety of language: "The linguistic essence of all these varieties is the same: playing with the word and in the word, metaphorization verbal meanings in order to create expressive, emotionally colored means of linguistic expression".

Jargon is a word game to stand out, not to be standard. But it turns out a paradox: the departure from the standard leads to the creation of a kind of ersatz language, even more limited in its capabilities. As a result, jargons that arose on the wave of a creative impulse, by virtue of their success, were accepted by this group, fixed and spread among others, very quickly lose their imprint of imagery and become regular clichés, ready-made expressions suitable for any situation and thus turn into complete opposite expressiveness. Often these jargons are forced out of active dictionary communicating common literary words.

If this does not happen and a kind of bilingualism persists, then most jargons become obsolete, lose their figurativeness and novelty, which leads to the need to create new jargons. The emergence and spread of jargon and argotism is rightly assessed as a negative phenomenon in the development of the national language. Therefore, the language policy is to refuse to use them. However, many writers and publicists also turn to these vocabulary layers in search of realistic colors when describing the corresponding aspects of our reality. But at the same time, jargon and argotism are introduced into artistic speech only quotation. Thus jargon is used to:

Pronounce a kind of password - "I am mine", and if this signal is limited to the youth environment, then the use of jargon is quite acceptable;

Replace other words regardless of the situation;

Show a deliberately dismissive, familiar attitude to new and complex things;

Play with the word in a situation where these words will be perceived and appreciated as an appropriate joke.

5. Chancellery.

The bureaucratization of all forms of life in our society has led to the fact that in the Russian language the influence of official - business style. Elements of this style, unjustifiably used outside of it, are called clericalisms. These include characteristic words and expressions (presence, in the absence, today, etc.), a lot of verbal nouns (taking, inflating, understaffing, etc.), denominative prepositions (in deed, along the line, due to etc.).

The wording, replete with clericalism and speech clichés, helped to avoid direct conversation on sensitive topics, to call a spade a spade. Chancellery penetrates not only into the bookstore, but also into colloquial speech, in which sometimes ridiculous combinations of stylistically incompatible words can be noted. The absurdity of saturating colloquial speech with clericalism becomes apparent when their parodic use is encountered. For example, imagine that a husband asks his wife at dinner what she did today. In response, he hears: “In the first half of the day, I quickly ensured the restoration of proper order in the living area, as well as in the communal utility room intended for cooking. In the subsequent period, I organized visits to trading enterprises in order to purchase new goods ... "

6. Research results.

The use of colloquial words is typical for people of middle and old age (73%), mostly these are words containing a positive assessment of the concepts called (“hard worker”, “hard worker”, “brainy”, “strength”, etc.), but much more forms , characterized by simplification, rudeness, and usually serving to express sharp negative assessments of the speaker ("grabber", "loafer", "stupid", "fool"), as well as colloquial grammatical forms of words, for example: "run away", "stockings", " cake", colloquial pronunciation of commonly used words: "calls", "driver", "shop", "more beautiful", etc.

One of the positive aspects of my research is that in the speech of the respondents there is no unjustified use of foreign words, all foreign words used by the authors of the speech had no Russian analogues. Here are some of them: computer, Internet,immunodeficiency, suicide, testing, disk, logo, password, console, summary, ecology, memory bank, database, virtual reality, remote(distant) education, discount card, information blockade, computer graphics, IQ, credit of trust, electronic version and etc.

Full communication in the youth environment is impossible without knowing its language - youth slang. This is the most common violation of the purity of Russian speech. Among schoolchildren, 100% of the respondents use jargon in their speech, very often replacing common words with them. And I was very surprised that among the adult population of our village there are very high percent use of slang words (teachers 37%, villagers 43%).

Words relating to the official - business style, I heard only in the speech of teachers, unjustified use of these words was not noted.

The result of my research was the compilation of a dictionary of words that are outside the literary norm, most often used in speech.

Conclusion

Thus, the purity of speech serves as an indicator not only of the speech and general culture of a person, but also of his taste, sense of language, sense of proportion.

Violation of the purity of speech reflects its stereotypedness, leads to impoverishment of speech, tongue-tied tongue, clogging with non-literary elements. This feature noted the linguist B.N. Golovin. According to him, “the communicative quality of speech - its purity - is interpreted and can be described on the basis of the correlation of speech with the literary language and the moral side of human consciousness. Pure speech can be called such speech, in which there are no elements alien to the literary language (first of all, words and phrases) and there are no elements of the language that are rejected by the norms of morality.

Bibliography

Golovin B.N. Fundamentals of speech culture. - M., 1988.

Zemskaya E.A. Russian colloquial speech: linguistic analysis and learning problems. - M., 1987.

Linguistic encyclopedic Dictionary/ Ch. ed. V.N. Yartsev. - M., 1990.

Petrov O.V. Rhetoric. - M., 2004.

Rosenthal D.E., Golub I.B., Telenkova M.A. Modern Russian language. - M., 1997.

Russian language and culture of speech / Ed. IN AND. Maksimov. - M., 2003.

Ushakova T.N., Pavlova N.D., Zachesova I.A. Human speech in communication. - M., 1989.

Cheshko A.A. Russian language. - M., 1981.

APPENDIX

Dictionary of colloquial and slang words

alkonaut - drunkard

ambal - a tall man

bazaar - conversation, discussion of any topic

cormorant - young man

baldezh - pleasure

tower - head

demolishes the tower - go crazy

thump - drink

booze - booze

understand - understand

pass out - 1) stop understanding; 2) fall asleep from fatigue

to cackle - to have fun for some reason

brawl - showdown;

drape - 1) go; 2) run away

give (catch, grab, grab) oak - 1) die; 2) very cold

move - see drive

tree - stupid person

rip - drink

rowdy - see rowdy

make legs - run away

wild - terrible

diskach - disco

catch up - guess, understand

get - get bored

dubak - cold

woodpecker - 1) a person who does everything wrong; 2) not a very smart person

no brainer - very obvious

green trees, fir-trees - an expression of discontent

gasp - see fluff

we live - everything is fine, good;

live in raspberries - live richly;

to score - to stop doing something,throw something

fall down - come

load - take care

drive - sell

tired - tired

Lay - betray

hostage - a person who betrays all the time

swept up - agreed

stir up - start something

fall - get carried away

refuel - manage

to light up - to reveal oneself

catch - catch someone at an inconvenient moment

stock up - prudently acquire something

appraise - appraise

green - young, inexperienced

valves - see pipe

press (spin) the pedals - move

kadp - funny or strange person

buzz catch - enjoy

turn over - wait, waste time in vain

roll a barrel - show aggression towards someone

kipesh - scandal, noise, fuss

pussy is a very beautiful girl

sour - grieve

cool - great, excellent

cool - good, excellent

cool - see cool

glue - flirt, make acquaintances

poking around in the brain - to think

sausage, sausage - a state in which a person has fun, enjoys to the fullest

compost brains - boring, morally influence

discard skates - die

dig - 1) gather slowly; 2) look for something

throw back hooves - see skates discard

mow - simulate

jamb - something done wrong

kranty - a sad result

cool - cool

roof - protection

crap - not true, nonsense

left - bad, superfluous

goof - worthless person

fuck up - see fly over

to blurt out - to say something out of place

maza - thought

raspberry - happiness

mahach - fight

loom - flicker before the eyes

cop - policeman

knead - to beat someone not alone

throw - throw

Mouzon - music

find - find

drip on brains - annoy

run into - be in a dangerous position

find - find

hitting - making a claim, threat, use of violence, infringement of someone's rights

cover up - break down

drip - see lay

roll - write

prick - deceive

lather - gather; mean; go off

tension - difficult situation

strain - force something to do

run into - stumble

snitch - see lay

to play - to do something with interest

off topic - not on time

no luck - no luck

not weak - good, interesting

nishtyak - good

dive - hide

fool - fool

bummer - do not want to, laziness

break off - see fly over

stub - a young man of unattractive appearance, stupid and awkward

baptize - 1) name; 2) hit

to die - to die

swell up - get tired, get tired mentally

promptly - quickly

back off - back off

drop skates - die

lean back - 1) relax; 2) die

switch off - see get out

otkolupat - see nadybat

soak - do something

break away - have fun

waste, go nuts - great

get out - see get out

have fun - have fun

sucks - horrible, something bad

relax - have a good rest

get away - get away

in parallel - anyway

graze - follow

translate arrows - justify

to move - to go very far

on foot

saw - 1) go; 2) see dripping on brains (moral influence)

drove - nickname, nickname

to show off - to demonstrate one's superiority

get sick - about deteriorating well-being

pigsty, pigsty - a littered room

to come down - to approach

to tease - to mock someone

hurry up - hurry up

tease - see tease

lucky (slang) - lucky

joke - 1) an object of curiosity; 2) something or someone worthy of attention

cool - great, great

outfit - clothes

cuddle up - suck up

to attach - to attach something to something

hit on something - drawn to something (to laughter, etc.)

drove - please forget this or that phrase

miss - miss the moment

fly - experience a strong sense of dissatisfaction from unfulfilled expectations

squander - spend money

enlighten - inform about something

cut through - 1) find out; 2) understand

cannon - see barrel

nickel - nose

to breed for money - to demand money

to speak - to tell

smear on the wall - hit very hard

soak - break, break

smash - see smash

play cards - play cards

turnip - see tower

tear off the turnip - see the tower demolishes

push speech - tell something

pzhat - see cackle

rip - twitch

growl - swear

relatives, ancestors, ancestors - parents

collapse from oak - go crazy

dump - leave

hang down - 1) steal; 2) call

to run - to run after something

jump - jump from something high

seat - CD player

to fly off the coils - to completely unbelt

delicious - see cool

to hide - to hide

to escort - to escort

fuse - see drive

calm - calm

dumb - bad

barrel - gun

stopudovo - exactly

play box - die

squander money - spend money uselessly

chatter - gossip

tremble - talk

pipe - 1) kinescope; 2) cell phone; 3) unfavorable ending

tryndet - talk

wheelbarrow - car

topic - something interesting, funny

push - see drive

push - toilet

stomp - go

to drown - 1) to fill up the exam; 2) go brake - see slow-witted

slow down - slow down

hang out - enjoy

exact - exactly

crack - yes

slow-witted - a person who thinks badly and for a long time

party - company

yell - see cackle

fly away - cool

faggot - to be perplexed

bullshit - nonsense; fenya - something uninteresting

chip - see topic

eat - eat

freebie - something that is given as a gift

https://accounts.google.com

Slides captions:

Research work "Purity of Russian speech" Municipal budgetary educational institution - the main comprehensive school with. Lyubimovo

RELEVANCE OF THE THEME The most important feature of the modern Russian literary language is its purity, which means that the composition of the dictionary of the literary language is strictly selected from the general treasury of the national language; the meaning and use of words, pronunciation, spelling, and the formation of grammatical forms follow a generally accepted pattern. The relevance of this topic is obvious. How often in everyday life, from TV screens, on the radio and from the lips of our politicians and public figures, we hear violations of the norms of the literary language.

STAGES OF WORK: definition of the concept of "purity of speech"; analysis of the most frequent speech disorders; observation of the use in speech of vocabulary that is outside the Russian literary language, people of different categories: schoolchildren, teachers, villagers.

SPEECH WORDS Sharply reduced words belong to the Russian vernacular vocabulary, which are outside the literary norm: forms containing a positive assessment of the called concepts ("hard worker", "brainy", etc.); forms characterized by simplification, rudeness, and usually used to express sharp negative assessments: "stunned" (tired), "cheat" (deceive), "dreary" (unpleasant), "filthy" (dirty), "in the middle of nowhere", "neither skin nor mugs" and others; colloquial grammatical forms of words: "to save", "lecturer", "cake", colloquial pronunciation of commonly used words: "funds", "portfolio", "clerk", etc.

FOREIGN WORDS Foreign words can be divided into two groups: some are useful, denoting new concepts and previously unknown objects, others are useless, duplicating already existing native Russian names, and therefore do not enrich, but clog speech. At the same time, the replacement of a foreign word with Russian synonyms is not always equivalent, and sometimes impossible.

JARGONISMS Jargon is a social type of speech used by a narrow circle of native speakers, united by a common interest, occupation, position in society. In modern Russian, youth jargon, or slang (English Slang - words and expressions used by people of certain professions or age groups), professional jargons are distinguished, camp jargon is also used in places of detention.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW ON JARGONISMS Academician D.S. Likhachev insisted that jargon is not only primitive speech, it also reflects primitive consciousness. L.P. Krysin notes, first of all, the positive aspects of this variety of language: "The linguistic essence of all these varieties is the same: a game with a word and a word, metaphorization of verbal meanings in order to create expressive, emotionally colored means of linguistic expression."

OFFICE Elements of an official business style, unjustifiably used outside of it, are called clericalism. These include characteristic words and expressions (presence, in the absence, today, etc.), a lot of verbal nouns (taking, inflating, understaffing, etc.), denominative prepositions (in deed, along the line, due to etc.). The wording, replete with clericalism and speech clichés, helps to get away from a direct conversation on sensitive topics, to call a spade a spade. Chancellery penetrates not only into book, but also into colloquial speech, in which one can sometimes note ridiculous combinations of stylistically incompatible words.

RESEARCH RESULTS

CITY COMPETITION OF SOCIAL PROJECTS

"FROM PROJECT CREATION TO PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT"

Nomination:"Be able to help, know to protect..."

Direction: prevention of the use of profanity, jargon and excessive teenage slang in speech

Topic: "We are for the purity of the Russian language"

3rd grade

MBOU SOSH ZATO Vidyaevo

Supervisor:

Pantas Nina Vasilievna, teacher primary school,

ZATO Vidyaevo

2016

INTRODUCTION

ChapterI . PROJECT RATIONALE

1. 1 Reasons for the use of profanity, jargon, teenage slang in speech .................................................. ................................................. ................................................. .....21. 2 Brief summary of the project.................................................... ................................................. .2

MAIN PART

ChapterII . PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

2.1. Objective of the project…............................................... ................................................. ...............2 - 3

2.2. Project objectives ………………………………………………………................................ .2 - 3

ChapterIII . PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1. Relevance................................................. ................................................. ...................3

3.2. Legal legitimacy of actions in the course of

project …………………………………………………………………................................ .four

3.3. Project Implementation Stages………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4

3.4. Forms of work on the project……………………………………….……...................................4 - 5

3.5. Scientific and methodological work ............................................... ............................................. 5

3.6. Logistics………………………………......................5 - 6

3.7. Control and Inspection and analytical work …………………........................6

3.8. Interaction with parents, with each other, with organizations of the Murmansk

area……………………………………………........................... ...............................6

3.9. Project Implementation Plan .............................................................. ...............................6 - 8

CONCLUSION

Chapter 1V . RESULTS

4.1. Expected result…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8

4.2. Project Development Prospects ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8

4.3. Assessment of the success of the project ……………………………………… ........................ 8 - 9

Useful Resources: ………….....................................................................................................9

APPS

INTRODUCTION

ChapterI . PROJECT RATIONALE

1.1. Reasons for using profanity, jargon, teenage slang in speech:

a) to achieve a certain social status in a group based on the acceptance of its social and moral values; b) for fun and pleasure; c) to demonstrate the sharpness of his mind; d) in order to avoid the everyday banality of using the words of the literary language, the desire for greater expressiveness of speech;e) to draw attention to one's own person;f) to perform a secret function; social community;g) to create your own speech mask.

1.2. Project summary

Our project “We are for the purity of the Russian language!” aims to actualize the problem of the existence of profanity, jargon and excessive teenage slang in the speech of students elementary school and relationships modern society to this "rejuvenated" reality.

In our project, we want to provide an opportunity for our peers to think and discuss the problem of the existence in the Russian language of words that are not included in traditional dictionaries, which are not recommended for use in public speech, including when communicating at school, in public places.

We are sure that our verbal promiscuity plays an important role in our formation, in our intellectual development, for our health. Today, they do not swear, but schoolchildren, young people, adult men and women speak. The mat is distributed by the media and cinema. Jargon, slang - impoverish our speech.

With our project, we want to draw the attention of everyone, and especially schoolchildren, to the problem of that part of the vocabulary, which until some time was considered indecent, and a publicly uttered phrase cost a person a loss of authority, was punishable by a fine or punishment in the form of detention for 15 days.

Project directed the study of the possibilities of the rich literary Russian language, for the prevention and prevention of the "pollution" of our speech, for intolerance to such words. He covers important aspects of working on our speech, historical roots and includes interesting and accessible forms of work for students. His originality in the fact that children themselves can directly see the mistakes of others, analyze them, look for solutions to prevent these mistakes. The teacher developed technologies for the prevention of "pollution" of the Russian language. Actions in the course of the project occur in a non-edifying form. Each project participant feels his importance in this work, understands that the success of others depends on his success. For this reason, each participant in the project does everything conscientiously and consciously. The project is viable and has prospects for development.

The project is designed for 1 year

MAIN PART

ChapterII . PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

2.2. Tasks of the project:

the formation of a positive speech culture among students.

a) draw attention to the problem of profanity and the purity of the Russian language;

b) develop a respectful attitude towards others;

c) determine the role of words borrowed from other languages;

d) introduce students to archaisms and neologisms;

e) to instill in students the desire for beauty, the correctness of Russian speech;

f) raise the level of culture of communication among the younger generation.

ChapterIII . PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1. Relevance

Recently, there has been a sharp decline in the general speech culture. The problems of language have long gone beyond the scope of philology and have stood in line with other general spiritual problems of society, speech becomes not only a means of communication, but also a powerful energy charge that has a hidden effect on the human psyche and the whole world around.

The tongue-tied tongue, carelessness, inaccuracy in the choice of words to express thoughts are amazing, we use words without even thinking about the appropriateness of their use. On the pages of periodicals, popular literature, in speech educated people jargon, colloquial elements and other non-literary means poured in: piece, steward, lemon, green, bucks, launder etc. The words became common even in official speech: hangout, hang out, disassembly, mayhem and many others. No less striking feature of today's language development can be considered the clogging of speech with borrowings. Borrowings have become not just buzzwords in the speech of schoolchildren: show (spectacle), display (screen), hit (hit), but necessary ... What remains to be said about the “contact” beloved by many students, which makes it possible to freely communicate online? Yes, it is interesting, however, if abbreviated words, convenient for quick communication, are used in oral, and even in written speech, at least the listeners are bewildered. And how to understand the words "me", "cha", "lu", often used by children? Are there not enough clear, pure words in our language, understandable to every person, that do not require replacement? It hurts that an invisible, at first glance, passion, shortening of words, their careless use leads to lack of culture, impoverishment of the vocabulary, derogation of the dignity of the individual ...

And the use of profanity in the speech of schoolchildren, even primary classes!

That is why the problem of preserving the purity, lexical richness of the Russian language, the possibility of using it artistic means to develop the culture of society. Possession of speech etiquette contributes to the acquisition of authority, generates trust and respect. Knowledge of the rules of speech etiquette, their observance allows a person to feel confident and at ease, not to feel embarrassed due to wrong actions to avoid ridicule from others.

And the most important role in this is assigned to the school ...

3.2. Legal validity of proposals and actions during the project

Before starting work on the project, a presentation is made to the parents of the students brief information about the project and getting their consent to the cooperation of children, to the work of children with parents on the Internet, the publication of texts and other developments performed collectively or by the child individually, as well as photographs of children in the collective handwritten book "We are for the purity of the Russian language."

3.3. Stages of project implementation

Basic

Final

WithSeptember - October

November - April

May

preparation of the base for execution

project

all the main work to bring the project to life: collection and design of material, class hours, class events, open lesson“We are for the purity of the Russian language”, acquaintance with dictionaries, participation in the “Day of the Dictionary”, studying the historical roots of profanity, borrowed words, neologisms, archaisms, jargon, youth slang, studying the culture of other peoples (Sami culture), trips on excursions, participation in competitions (even international ones), acquaintance with the works of Russian writers and poets that help to feel the beauty of the Russian language, close contact with the MBO ZATO Viyadevo in order to instill a love of books, enrich the speech of schoolchildren, etc...

release and presentation of the book, generalization of experience, printing in developments on the Internet, "Vestnik Vidyaevo", a trip to the holiday Slavic culture and writing in Murmansk.

3.4. Project forms

Our project has become a part of children's lives, because it is interesting and viable. The project involves the following complementary forms of work:

active forms of work

work on the purity of the Russian language, its enrichment in the classroom, in the course academic disciplines: Russian language, literary reading and others;

essay contest "We are for the purity of the Russian language";

class hours, conversations;

participation in various poetry competitions (classroom, school-wide)

use of the Internet space;

class hours;

meetings with interesting people;

independent collection of material;

release and presentation of the book We are for the purity of the Russian language”;

reading fiction.

we study the culture of other peoples (Saami culture) - a trip on an excursion to the village of Sam - Syit; With

equate two cultures;

printing of developments on the Internet;

conversations;

a trip to the holiday of Slavic writing and culture in Murmansk;

publication of an article in Vestnik Vidyaevo;

cooperation with MBO ZATO Vidyaevo;

participation in the Dictionary Day;

participation in XX international competition children's handwritten book;

class events aimed at expanding the reader's horizons, enriching the Russian language and intolerance to "clogging" the language;

activities within the circle "I am a reader" and "I am a researcher".

3.5. Scientific and methodological work

It:

providing methodological assistance to parents in terms of instilling a love of reading in children and expanding their reading horizons;

creation and updating of a page in a methodical corner.

3.6. Logistics

Logistical support involves updating the page in the methodical corner, allocating funds for the creation of a handwritten book, funds for a trip to the festival of Slavic writing and culture, prizes for winners in various games and competitions. All funds are provided by the parents.

Estimate:

Name

Price (average)

Quantity

Price

Funds for handwritten books

500, 0

500, 0

Means for the page in the methodical corner

200, 0

200, 0

Funds for a trip to Murmansk

300, 0

6 300, 0

Funds for a trip to the village of Sam - Syit

1000, 0

21 000

Prizes

1050, 0

Total

29 050, 0

3.7. Control, inspection and analytical work

This work is to analyze the causes and conditions, the clogging of the Russian language, the poverty of students' speech, tracking changes in students' speech in the course of working on the project, this is the work of selecting the found material and designing the pages of the book. All project participants are involved in this work with a clear delineation of the tasks of each participant.

3.8. Interaction with parents, with each other, organizations of the Murmansk region

Interaction with each other and parents implies joint participation in ongoing activities.

Interaction with other organizations (MOTS DOD "Lapland", MBO ZATO Vidyaevo, others) is joint activities: participation in competitions of these organizations, visiting exhibitions on this topic, etc. (Inclusion in cooperation with these organizations as these organizations announce events on the specified topic).

3.10. Project Implementation Plan

Basic

Final

September October

November - April

May

Preparing the base for the project:

The main work to bring the project to life:

1. Printing developments on the Internet (as they are completed).

2. Participation in competitions of readers (as they are held).

3. Visiting exhibitions related to the culture of the Russian language"

4. Every week we listen to audio recordings of Russian writers performed by masters of the word, we read the proposed works.

5. We work (regularly) on the creation of handwritten books:

"We are for the purity of the Russian language",

"My strong little people"

6. Collaboration with MBO ZATO Vidyaevo, IOC DOD "Lapland"

1. Generalization of experience.

2. Release and presentation of the book "We are for the purity of the Russian language"

During the preparatory periodwe observe the speech of peers, we test classmates on the topic "Your attitude to profanity, slang words. What do you think about your speech and the speech of your classmates, friends !.

1. Trip to Sam village - Syit

14 September 2016

1. Topic selection,

coordination with parents, distribution of responsibilities.

1. Essay competition "We are for the purity of the Russian language"

2. Participation in the school-wide reading competition "This is my homeland"

3. History of profanity, jargon, youth slang.

1. A trip to Murmansk for a holiday of Slavic culture and writing

2. Publication of an article in "Bulletin of Vidyaevo" "Russian language is our wealth"

1. Solving legal issues. 2. Solving financing issues.

1. Public event as part of the elementary school week "Visiting the Saami"

1. Solving cooperation issues.

Conversations:

cool watch(one classroom hour each, starting from November 2016):

1. "The power of the word"

2. "You and your speech"

3. "Meet - by clothes, see off - by mind"

4. "To learn to speak beautifully..."

5. "The book is your best friend."

6. "Poets and writers of our time"

7. "Great Russian writers and poets"

Creating a page in a cool methodical corner.

We study archaisms.

intellectual and educational game "We are for the purity of the Russian language";

Meeting with interesting people (LITO "Spolohi")

We study neologisms.

Learning borrowed words.

cool event"Madame, allow me"

Holiday "As in the old days"

Cognitive game “Own game. Russian language and literature."

1. The game "Word battles"

1. Summing up "What our speech has become"

1. Participation in XX international competition for children's handwritten books

CONCLUSION

ChapterV . RESULTS

5.1. Expected Result

1. The implementation of the program will make it possible to make the speech of schoolchildren more beautiful and rich, it will begin to develop intolerance for the "pollution" of Russian speech

2. Reading activity will increase in children, interest in books will increase.

3. Children with will be able to communicate more easily in any society without using "new buzzwords" in their speech.

4. Students will have the opportunity to learn the culture of the indigenous inhabitants of the Kola North and begin to respect any world culture.

5.2. Prospects for the development of the project

Children will be able to present the handwritten book "We are for the purity of the Russian language" to other students of the school, participate in competitions with it, attract like-minded people to their ranks, begin to appreciate their language, enrich their speech.

5.3. Project success assessment

The project aims to achieve bottom line. This is evidenced by the effectiveness of actions to implement the project. The main positive value is put at the head of the project - the identification of problems by adults and the willing inclusion of adults in the implementation of the project, the creation of motivation for children and adults that meets the needs of children. During the implementation of the project, other positive values ​​were used, described in the chapters of the project and reasonably selected taking into account age features elementary school students.

The project or its individual technologies (some technologies developed by the project leader) can be successfully used by other groups of students.

The project is original with its practical solutions: family involvement, collective creativity, the use of Internet materials and more.

The project is viable because it is relevant. It was built taking into account the real possibilities and resources of MBOU SOSH ZATO Vidyaevo.

Useful resources:

1. https://deti-online.com/skazki/rasskazy-prishvina/ - M. Prishvin's stories for children

2. https://www.tikitoki.ru/stihi-dlya-detey/poezija-sergeja-esenina-detjam - S. Yesenin's poetry for children

3. http://www.4egena100.info/olimpiada/citaty.html - quotes from great writers about the Russian language

4. http://festival.1september.ru/articles/511075/ - Workshop for parents of younger children preschool age"Teach Children to Speak Correctly"

5. http://www.krupenichka.ru/ustarevshie-slova/slovar-ustarevshih-slov.html Dictionary of obsolete words

6. http://likbez24.ru/index.php/leksika/item/246-leksicheskij-slovarik - Lexical (explanatory) dictionary of neologisms

7. http://www.studfiles.ru/preview/6311366/page:34/ - Dictionary of teenage slang

8. http://slavculture.ru/mir/1178-mat-v-russkom-yazyke.html - Where did the mat in Russian come from

APPS