Pros and cons of the modern education system. Disadvantages of Russian education

CONS OF EDUCATION

Although modern education provides versatile knowledge in various subjects, it still focuses primarily on general average standards, and not on the development of a particular child. The school does not always pay attention to the talents of the student, his abilities and inclinations. Many teachers consider their subject to be the main one, which interferes with the orientation of the child. From this, some subjects are given to schoolchildren quite hard. And all because during the school hour the teacher does not have time to convey to the children everything that is connected with the new topic. Therefore, students learn a lot on their own. But this independence is not possible for all students. Agree, if a student is at school until two o'clock, then in a section or in a circle, then when he comes home at six o'clock in the evening (or even later), study "does not come to mind" for him. And there are so many things to ask! And abstracts, and poems, and essays ...

Sometimes you think: do they really want to raise geeks from our children from the first grade, capable of assimilating new materials on the fly and in large volumes ?! AT weekdays When you come home from work, you immediately start learning lessons with your child, it happens that you stay until night. In the end, no housework. On weekends - the same picture: as we start to teach in the morning, so the whole day goes by. And when do children have a rest (and parents too)? After all, I want to take a walk on the street, and chat with friends, and watch TV. But children sorely lack time for this - lessons, lessons, lessons ... And schoolchildren grow up, literally loaded with endless solutions to tasks, not looking around, not seeing anything around them, forgetting about simple joys. In addition, most of what children learn and learn in school will not be useful to many of them in life. And so all eleven years. And then both parents and children are waiting for the exam. Here, everyone is already dissatisfied, since training is replaced by training and coaching (what if someone does not pass the exam, this is a stain on the school and teachers!).

The disadvantage is that the coveted "gold" medal does not give the graduate any privileges when entering higher educational establishments. Previously, I remember that we, the owners of medals, had only to successfully pass an interview in order to be enrolled in a university. Now the medalists do not have any advantages and benefits upon admission, they have been equalized with everyone else. Then why, one wonders, strain for eleven years, if you will still be “like everyone else”? That is why modern schoolchildren do not have a special craving for learning.

But not everything is so bad in modern education, there are also positive aspects. For example, the volume of school knowledge is quite diverse, which gives the graduate a relatively broad outlook. The child learns to work, build relationships and communicate in a team. The necessary communication skills are developed. Thus, it is embedded in social system. In the process of learning, the child learns to communicate with people of his own and the other sex. School graduates have the opportunity to continue their education and get a good job in the future.

Besides, big role plays studying with primary school foreign language and computer. It is simply necessary for children to freely "swim" in the sea modern technologies. interactive board, computers, video and audio equipment - a great help in learning new material in the classroom, in our time this was not the case. For example, foreign language we studied only from the textbook, however, sometimes the teacher let us listen to how another language sounds in the record on the record.

A big plus of modern education is the introduction of new methods of control over grades, for example, a single school journal or electronic diary. Using an electronic diary, it becomes possible to control the student not only by the teacher, but also by the parents. Thanks to this innovation, we, parents, can at any time find out about homework and the achievement of your child. Now he is unlikely to be able to say that there was no homework assignment. In addition, such a diary made it easier for the teacher to disseminate necessary information. This applies to both school grades and parent meetings. It is enough to make a newsletter and warn about the date and time of the class meeting. In addition, we, parents, will be able to make our own adjustments to the theme of the meeting, put forward proposals and discuss exciting topics.

It is clear that modern education- a rather complex system aimed at the comprehensive development and education of the child. Maybe this is good: the student will learn to live in our diverse world with its frantic pace of life. But the main thing is that our children would not break under the “burden” of this all-round development. We parents can't take it anymore.

The education system in Russia since the collapse Soviet Union has undergone many changes and is still in the process of reform. Today it becomes fashionable to criticize weak sides educational process in schools and universities (what is the sensational epic with the Unified State Exam, the pros and cons of which are still being debated), but we must not forget that everything is known in comparison. Let's try to find out if there are advantages in modern system education.

A little about the system itself

The structure of the education system in modern Russia inherited a lot from the times of the USSR. The child, entering this system, goes through several stages:

kindergartens or private preschools;
Primary School(grades 1-4);
secondary school (grades 5-9);
graduate School(grades 10-11);
secondary vocational or higher educational institutions;
postgraduate education(postgraduate studies, advanced training courses, etc.).

Institutions within these 6 links are of 3 types:

state;
municipal;
private.

Education at school takes place in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard - a unified state standard. In turn, educational institutions can combine several types of training:

state;
self-education;
additional.

The forms of studying the material became flexible:

within the walls of an educational institution (full-time, part-time, part-time);
intra-family, self-education;
external student

The latest innovations regarding the permission of home schooling and the delivery of subjects externally are a definite plus. They help to avoid “equalization”, enable children with chronic diseases to study according to the general program in comfortable conditions, and strong students move forward faster.

But this is not the only obvious plus of modern education ...

Not only theory, but also practice

If a Soviet graduate or university student could boast of deep theoretical knowledge in subjects, then modern teenagers from school they can afford to plunge into practice thanks to the conditions of the modern education system and the variety of extracurricular institutions.

Schoolchildren and their parents can seriously think about career guidance issues from the 7th grade, attending classes in specialized centers. business games, extracurricular activities, during which children solve real life issues, visiting creative workshops makes them look for applications of the acquired knowledge and gain valuable practical experience.

In their student years, young people can already, while studying at a university, work in parallel, applying the existing theoretical knowledge and practical skills.

Technique does not obscure the soul

Technological progress is inexorably entering the education system, and there are many positive aspects to this:

interactive whiteboards, audio and video in the classroom, search for material on the Internet make the learning process bright, varied and more visual, which has a positive effect on the quality of learning;
the use of electronic diaries, through which parents can monitor the progress of their children and have a quick direct connection with the teacher;
participation of schoolchildren in international olympiads, online competitions without leaving home;
opportunity to get additional education remotely over the Internet.

Technical means broaden one's horizons, open up international experience in the study of the problem. Students' access to foreign electronic libraries, rare materials and archives helps to deeply explore the topic, saving time and money.

But the Russian education system is good not only because it keeps up with the times. As before, live communication between the teacher and pupils, students, during which the teacher transmits his life experience, positive moral attitudes, not only teaches, but also inspires independent knowledge of the world (of course, if we are talking about the Teacher with a capital letter).

In his “Letter to his son's teacher,” Abraham Lincoln asked: “If you can, teach him to be interested in books ... And give him also free time so that he can meditate on eternal mysteries: birds in the sky, bees in the sun and flowers on the green slopes of the hill.

Attention to calligraphy

The Soviet system of education formed a wonderful reflex in us: a schoolboy should have a notebook in which to write beautifully, without blots. Although to a lesser extent than before, elementary school continues to pay sufficient attention to calligraphy. In our country, children in the 1st grade are given copybooks, forcing them to write with a pen, and calligraphic handwriting is perceived as one of the virtues of a person.

It is no secret that quick skillful movements of the fingers improve the brain, contribute to the development of the speed of thinking. Refusing to teach calligraphy to children, we impoverish them, depriving the lion's share of the development of their abilities.

For comparison: in the USA they organize special courses for people who want to learn how to read and write capital letters!

I don't want to, but I must!

The modern school, to some extent, retains the spirit of totalitarianism left over from Soviet times. To many this will seem negative moment. Opponents of the current education system may object: get interested, generate a desire to learn, and do not force!

However, in life we do not always do what we want. And the conscious “should” goes hand in hand with us. The school instills in the child the consciousness that some things need to be known, you need to be able to do. It breeds discipline and fosters self-control.

The preservation of a unified educational program for the entire state, even if it is not perfect in everything, makes certain requirements for teachers, makes it necessary to obtain comprehensive knowledge, develop logical and creative thinking. Thanks to the compulsory study of literature, grammar of the native language, physics, mathematics and other subjects, students can look at the world from different points vision, subsequently combining them into one picture of the world.

Duties, fulfillment of public orders - the unspoken side of the modern educational system. Thanks to this practice, teenagers do not grow up as individualists, but realize that they are part of society, and a certain proportion of their time and effort can and should be given to other people for the good.

What about the USE?

Today it is customary to condemn the unified state exam, introduced under the influence of the Western education system. Many influential teachers argue that preparing for the exam leads to coaching, devaluation of oral answers, and poor grades obtained in the exam give rise to deep stress in schoolchildren.

But the government is not yet ready to abandon the USE for a simple reason: it allows you to successfully fight corruption in the field of education, and a worthy replacement has not yet been invented.

Weaknesses to work with

The modern system of education, no doubt, cannot be called perfect. There are still many major and minor flaws that need to be worked on. Here is some of them:

The lack of synchronization of knowledge in subjects, as a result of which it is difficult for students to build a complete picture of the world in their minds.
Limited quantity budget places in universities.
Leveling the significance of the gold medal, which reduces the motivation to study.
Lack of subjects aimed at educating teenagers as future wives and husbands, parents; insufficient moral component of training.
Excessive workload of children, as a result of which they lose interest in learning, do not have free time for hobbies, full communication with parents, peers.

Shortcomings in the development of modern educational reforms can be called for a long time. But we, parents and teachers, must remember one thing: in any conditions, it is important not only to educate a child, but also to grow a highly moral strong-willed personality who will use his knowledge and skills to make this world a better place! Knowing the shortcomings, we must pay attention to them and try to make up for the shortcomings of the existing system by personal participation in the life of the child.

In this article, the author actualizes the problems of modern education and its influence on the development of modern society. Keywords. Education, modernization of education, pedagogy, educational process, pedagogical conditions, promoting development.

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MODERN EDUCATION:

PLUSES, MINUSES AND PROSPECTS

Keywords. Education, modernization of education, pedagogy,educational process, pedagogical conditions, development assistance.

A society that is in constant development, through education puts forward to a person and implements new requirements that correspond to the new modern world. The main ones include:

- learning ability, i.e. the ability of a person to constantly improve the level of knowledge, mastering new types of activities;

- intellectual and physical development, ensuring success in the development of new technologies;

- creativity, i.e. the ability to think and act creatively;

- patriotism and humanity (V.D. Simonenko).

The modern educational process is accompanied and characterized by contradictory and mutually exclusive phenomena. Possible collapse of education. For many years in our country, as in other countries of the world, the problem of the collapse of education has been discussed. At the same time, reasons that are purely external in relation to education are being put forward more and more often: insufficient funding, poor material and technical equipment, unsatisfactory training of personnel, etc. Of course, all these negative phenomena take place and have a devastating effect on the education system. But the question is: if today or tomorrow Russian government revised the state budget in the direction of priority funding for education, would this change the educational situation so much that we no longer feel its crisis nature? I think not, since the collapse of education does not lie on the surface of phenomena, it has an internal character associated with the loss of the meaning of education for a person. AT last years it became especially clear that Russian education does not justify the hopes for the development and education of a person capable of reorganization public life, production, preservation of culture, economy, law and order (E.V. Bondarevskaya).

The modernization of Russian society is based on the modernization of education, on its substantive and structural renewal. It is necessary to do everything possible for resource security educational sphere. However, resources should be directed not to the conservation of the system, but to its effective renewal. To conserve, even what was once the best in the world, means to definitely guarantee a backlog.

The Russian education system must move from the mode of survival to the mode of sustainable development. Mission Russian education is to create social stability and progress, restore and develop the cultural and human potential of the country. To do this, it is necessary to achieve harmony in all spheres of human activity, in particular, to resolve the contradictions between man and nature, nature and society, civilizations and cultures, between people themselves, etc.

Lines up new pedagogy, which is based on the idea of humanism, its parity, recognition highest value- human life and life in general.

It is necessary to solve the following tasks.

1. Eliminate the characteristic of both general and vocational education congestion tradition curricula objects and information that are not the foundation for new knowledge. All subjects must be necessary for the subsequent stages of education and in demand in further social and / or professional activities.

2. Change teaching methods by expanding those that form the practical skills of information analysis, self-study; raise the role independent work pupils and students.

3. Restore and strengthen links between vocational education and practice and research.

4. Create mechanisms for systematic updating of the content of education at all levels.

6. Increase the share of open education in curricula ah all levels. Ensure connection to the global information network Internet of all educational institutions.

8. Ensure knowledge at the level of functional literacy of at least one foreign language by all graduates of a complete secondary school.

The solution of these tasks requires, in turn, the provision of basic conditions:

raising the salaries of teachers to a level that attracts effective personnel to education;
exclusion of an infinite number of "paper reports" that teachers are forced to deal with (Reports: submit in writing, enter the same in the electronic journal, and print the electronic journal again to compare everything !!!);

3) financing the informatization of education, which ensures the modernization of its methods and technologies, the transition to open education;

4) the formation of new institutions of the education system, ensuring the full mobilization of funds from the population and enterprises, effective use these and budgetary funds, and on this basis of high quality and wide choice educational programs and services

5) formation decisive role parent in upbringing, because it is mainly through the family that children inherit the moral coordinates and orientation of the personality. And this is its meaning, for "a good family will add intelligence," and "the parent's word does not pass by," says folk wisdom.

It is possible to overcome the contradictions that have arisen if Russian society will move from the mode of budgetary maintenance of the education system to the mode of investment in it.

Education must be fundamental, i.e. deep and profound. The priority tasks in this area are: the introduction of a cycle of general humanitarian disciplines into the natural sciences and technical education in order to overcome the disunity of natural science and humanitarian components of an integral worldview culture of the individual; creation of integral interdisciplinary courses that contain the most universal and generalized knowledge, which is the basis of applied research and development, the basis for the formation of a general and professional culture of the individual, rapid adaptation to new professions and specialties; overcoming the contradiction between fundamental education and vocational training with unconditional priority of fundamental knowledge; quality review of school textbooks.

Education in Russia is no longer free. And if you have to pay for it, then the investment should pay off, right? The diploma should expand the prospects of its owner, that is, provide a guarantee of employment with more high level wages. It is no secret that in Russia the level wages lower than in the West. But a good diploma implies the possibility of employment around the world.

Russian universities have switched to a two-level system of education - bachelor's and master's degrees. The requirements of the Bologna Club have been satisfied: formally, Russian diplomas should now be recognized in the West. Indeed, Russian graduates will no longer have to finish their studies at foreign universities in order to confirm their qualifications. But does the West recognize the quality of training specialists in Russia? Are study programs in Russia appropriate? international standards? After all, not only Russian diplomas are recognized, but also diplomas of countries of Eastern Europe, some states of Southeast Asia and Africa (that is, all countries in which the higher education system formally meets the requirements of the Bologna Club).

There is no universal and objective criterion for assessing the quality of education. It is possible to evaluate a university in terms of its academic character (number of scientific publications, number of Nobel laureates and so on). Or in terms of the comfort of teaching students (quality of infrastructure). Or from the position of employers (correspondence of curricula to their needs and requirements). All these points of view are taken into account when compiling international rankings, which take into account many parameters, up to the number of volumes in the library. And if the goal of education is successful employment, then the results of these ratings will have to be heeded, because it is on them that personnel officers around the world rely when selecting candidates. If we analyze the data of this ranking, then the reasons for the not very good positions of Russian universities are as follows:

1. The almost complete lack of practical value pursued by Russian universities scientific work . Research and implementation are the main activities of Western universities. For example, the British government, having set the task of supporting the national economy through the trade in knowledge, made the size of the budget of a particular university dependent not on the number of its students, but on the success of scientific developments. The same is true in the USA, for this reason, American and British universities are in the forefront best universities peace. It is in the USA that there is a degree of the Master of Professional Sciences (Professional Science Master's - PSM), which implies 2 years of postgraduate training in technical specialties and additional study of such disciplines as business processes, project management, intellectual property, economics and finance. After all, it is not enough to create an innovative development, it must also be sold profitably. Russian universities are still engaged in theory at best. And accordingly, this is the second reason for the low rating of Russian education in the world.

2. Very modest budgets. For example, Harvard University with its 2 billion dollars a year can afford any specialist and the most modern material and technical base. The modest funding of Russian universities only allows them to maintain their existence.

3. Lack of a training program for English language. In multilingual Europe, virtually every university has programs in English. Moreover, English-language programs are increasingly appearing in Asia, this region is actively increasing its position in international rankings. Thus, 3 goals are achieved at once: the budget of educational institutions is replenished at the expense of foreign students, the employment prospects of their own students are expanding, and the prestige of the educational institution is increasing due to the possibility of attracting foreign professors. Transacademicism is the main goal of the Bologna process. We don't have anything like it in our country. And the level of teaching a foreign language remains unsatisfactory, which significantly reduces student mobility and the international competitiveness of our diplomas. As a result, Russian-language study programs today can only attract students from Central Asia, and they are unlikely to replenish the budget of Russian universities.

4. Lack of flexibility, static training programs. We live in a rapidly changing world. Technologies are developing rapidly, and the labor market instantly reacts to them: new skills and abilities are required, new specialties and professions appear. Western educational institutions very quickly adapt to the demand from the labor market, opening up new areas of training and discipline. Thus, every fourth of the 60,000 disciplines offered in England has appeared in recent years: for example, "new media" (a combination of music, three-dimensional graphics and animation), " Information Technology for health care", "gear" - a specialist in relations with government agencies, and so on. The programs of Russian universities are extremely difficult to modernize, specialists who have mastered new technologies and areas do not seek to work in universities. Russian universities - professors Soviet era, the younger generation is not interested in such low-paid work.

5. Unpreparedness of graduates of Russian universities to practical work . In Russian universities, the lion's share of the teaching staff is employed full-time. In the West, the situation is completely different: there teachers are practicing specialists who lecture at universities. This means that the course of study includes not only theory, but also the most modern practice.

6. Lack of a clear distinction between professional higher education and academic. It's no secret that in Russia higher education is rather a sign of "status", success, or even a way to avoid military service, but not a level of education and qualifications. Most freshly minted economists and lawyers work as secretaries and sales managers. Sometimes it doesn’t matter for both students and their parents where exactly to study. In fact, any university is called a university or, at worst, an academy. In the West it is different: there is a clear division into colleges and universities. The former provide narrow professional training, the latter provide fundamental academic education. There are few universities in the West, and the requirements for students are very strict.

7. Low level of infrastructure and service development. A modern world-famous educational institution must be convenient for students: have a comfortable hostel, sports complexes, leisure facilities, a catering network, and so on. Today it is difficult to imagine a university without direct online communication between students and teachers, without access to virtual libraries and lectures via the Internet. Is it similar to domestic universities?

Alas, all this does not yet characterize Russian universities. Of course, one can hope for a breakthrough in the future, but the only question is: will they live to see this? have a nice day our children?

I graduated from high school almost 20 years ago. I remember that the lessons at school were fast and interesting, sometimes I didn’t even want to go home, on the contrary, I wanted to stay longer with my classmates. Therefore, most of us, then schoolchildren, remained within the walls of the educational institution after school. electives, sport sections, clubs, KVNs, rehearsals of concerts - this is just a small fraction of the things that we constantly did after school. The school was a second home for us and we did not get tired of the lessons - everything was in moderation. Maybe that's why I wanted to study and liked it. Today, schoolchildren, as soon as the lessons end, run home with all their might.

In the modern system school education has its pros and cons. We, who graduated from the Soviet high school, had versatile knowledge enough a wide range. However, it was believed that the Soviet school produced, albeit literate, but poorly adapted to real life of people. But the current school programs allow graduates to better adapt to reality. Is it so? Let's try to figure it out.

CONS OF EDUCATION

Sometimes you think: do they really want to raise geeks from our children from the first grade, capable of assimilating new materials on the fly and in large volumes ?! On weekdays, when you come home from work, you immediately start teaching lessons with your child, it happens that you stay up until night. In the end, no housework. On weekends - the same picture: as we start to teach in the morning, so the whole day goes by. And when do children have a rest (and parents too)? After all, I want to take a walk on the street, and chat with friends, and watch TV. But children sorely lack time for this - lessons, lessons, lessons ... And schoolchildren grow up, literally loaded with endless solutions to tasks, not looking around, not seeing anything around them, forgetting about simple joys. In addition, most of what children learn and learn in school will not be useful to many of them in life. And so all eleven years. And then both parents and children are waiting for the exam. Here, everyone is already dissatisfied, since training is replaced by training and coaching (what if someone does not pass the exam, this is a stain on the school and teachers!).

The disadvantage is that the coveted "gold" medal does not give the graduate any privileges when entering higher educational institutions. Previously, I remember that we, the owners of medals, had only to successfully pass an interview in order to be enrolled in a university. Now the medalists do not have any advantages and benefits upon admission, they have been equalized with everyone else. Then why, one wonders, strain for eleven years, if you will still be “like everyone else”? That is why modern schoolchildren do not have a special craving for learning.

ABOUT PROS

But not everything is so bad in modern education, there are also positive aspects. For example, the volume of school knowledge is quite diverse, which gives the graduate a relatively broad outlook. The child learns to work, build relationships and communicate in a team. The necessary communication skills are developed. Thus, it is embedded in the social system. In the process of learning, the child learns to communicate with people of his own and the other sex. School graduates have the opportunity to continue their education and get a good job in the future.

In addition, the study of a foreign language and a computer from the primary grades plays an important role. It is simply necessary for children to “swim” freely in the sea of modern technologies. An interactive whiteboard, computers, video and audio equipment are a great help in learning new material in the classroom, this was not the case in our time. For example, we studied a foreign language only from a textbook, however, sometimes the teacher let us listen to how another language sounds in the record on the record.

A big plus of modern education is the introduction of new methods of control over grades, for example, a single school journal or an electronic diary. Using an electronic diary, it becomes possible to control the student not only by the teacher, but also by the parents. Thanks to this innovation, we, parents, can at any time find out about the homework and progress of our child. Now he is unlikely to be able to say that there was no homework assignment. In addition, such a diary made it easier for the teacher to disseminate the necessary information. This applies to both school grades and parent-teacher meetings. It is enough to make a newsletter and warn about the date and time of the class meeting. In addition, we, parents, will be able to make our own adjustments to the theme of the meeting, put forward proposals and discuss exciting topics.

It is clear that modern education is a rather complex system aimed at the comprehensive development and education of the child. Maybe this is good: the student will learn to live in our diverse world with its frantic pace of life. But the main thing is that our children would not break under the “burden” of this all-round development. We parents can't take it anymore.